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JPH10506564A - Digital waveform generation for electrosurgical generators - Google Patents

Digital waveform generation for electrosurgical generators

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JPH10506564A
JPH10506564AJP9500260AJP50026097AJPH10506564AJP H10506564 AJPH10506564 AJP H10506564AJP 9500260 AJP9500260 AJP 9500260AJP 50026097 AJP50026097 AJP 50026097AJP H10506564 AJPH10506564 AJP H10506564A
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generator
electrosurgical
output
serial digital
digital output
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クリセク,マイケル・エス
ソドニカー,マシュー・ジェイ
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ヴァリーラブ・インコーポレーテッド
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Abstract

Translated fromJapanese

(57)【要約】電気外科用ゼネレータ(10)はマイクロプロセッサ(15)を用いて出力波形を発生するための改善された設計を有している。出力波形はマイクロプロセッサ(15)から直列ディジタル出力の形式で発生される。直列ディジタル出力は増幅器段において電気外科用RF出力に変換される。改善された設計はまた、出力を時間平均化し、次にこの値を閾値と比較することによって直列ディジタル出力を連続的に監視するための監視回路を含んでいる。電気外科用ゼネレータ(10)はマイクロプロセッサ(15)、これの出力ポートをトグルすることのできるマイクロプロセッサ(15)におけるアルゴリズム、出力増幅器(16)、可調整の高電圧直流電源(17)、能動電極(12)及び帰路電極(13)を含む患者回路、を含んでいる。電気外科用ゼネレータ(10)は更に、直列ディジタル出力における複数のパルスパターンの一つを選択するためのモードセレクタ(20)、及び各指令順序が複数のパターンの一つを生成するように設計されている、アルゴリズムにおける複数の指令順序を含むことができる。また電気外科用出力における電圧スパイクの振幅を減小するためのタンク減衰回路(22)、及びパルス抑制回路があってもよい。監視回路は波形発生器の動作を確認するために低域フィルタ(19)及び比較器を含んでいる。The electrosurgical generator (10) has an improved design for generating an output waveform using a microprocessor (15). The output waveform is generated from the microprocessor (15) in the form of a serial digital output. The serial digital output is converted to an electrosurgical RF output in an amplifier stage. The improved design also includes a monitoring circuit for continuously monitoring the serial digital output by time averaging the output and then comparing this value to a threshold. The electrosurgical generator (10) is a microprocessor (15), an algorithm in the microprocessor (15) whose output port can be toggled, an output amplifier (16), an adjustable high voltage DC power supply (17), an active. A patient circuit including an electrode (12) and a return electrode (13). The electrosurgical generator (10) is further designed such that a mode selector (20) for selecting one of the plurality of pulse patterns in the serial digital output, and that each command sequence produces one of the plurality of patterns. Can include multiple command orders in the algorithm. There may also be a tank damping circuit (22) for reducing the amplitude of the voltage spike in the electrosurgical output, and a pulse suppression circuit. The monitoring circuit includes a low pass filter (19) and a comparator to confirm the operation of the waveform generator.

Description

Translated fromJapanese

【発明の詳細な説明】電気外科用ゼネレータのためのディジタル波形発生 この明細書に組み込まれて参照文献としてその一部分とされる関連出願が次のとおり同日付けで米国特許商標局に出願された。 「電気外科用ゼネレータのための電力制御(Power Control for an Electrosurgical Generator)」、U.S.S.N 08/471,116;PC8826. 「神経外科術のための制御システム(a Control System for Neuronsurgery)」、U.S.S.N 08/470,533;PC9162. 「電気外科用ゼネレータ電力出力のための制御装置(Control Apparatus for Electrosurgical Generator Power Output)」、U.S.S.N 08/468,950;PC8827. 「電気外科用ゼネレータのための射出火花制御(Exit Spark Control for an Electrosurgical Generator)」、U.S.S.N 08/479,424;PC9217.1.発明の分野 この発明は、電気外科用ゼネレータの設計に、更に詳細には電気外科用出力波形を発生してこれらの波形を監視し、特有の動作を確認するための改善された設計に関する。2.開示の背景 電気外科用ゼネレータは、患者の組織における外科的使用のための高周波電気エネルギーを発生するために使用される。この高周波電気エネルギーは、無線周波(RF)エネルギーとも、電気外科用エネルギーとも呼ばれる。電気外科用エネルギーは外科医により操作される電極を通って流れる。この電極は、患者の組織を切断し、凝固させ及び/又は電気破壊するために使用されることができる。 電気外科用エネルギーは結合した波形を有している。例えば、電気外科用エネルギーは正弦波の形式であればよい。この波形はまたデューティサイクルを有している。例えば、正弦波は連続的でない場合があり、その代わりに零出力の期間により時間的に分離されたサイクルを有することができる。 電気外科用ゼネレータのための波形の重要性は異なった波形が異なった効果を有することである。例えば、技術上周知のことであるが、連続した正弦波は望ましい組織切断特性を持つことができる。他の波形、例えば高周波白色雑音は、望ましい組織電気破壊特性を有することができる。 電気外科用ゼネレータの重要な能力の一つは、所望の外科的効果を達成するために外科医により出力波形が選択され得ることである。外科医は時折切断及び凝固効果の組合せを望むことがあり、この組合せは時には「混成(ブレンド)」モードと呼ばれる。これらの混成モードを達成するためには、電気外科用ゼネレータの設計者は、最良の可能な組織効果を達成するために、種々の波形及びデューティサイクルで実験を行うことができる。電気外科用ゼネレータの商業的成功の一部はモード又は波形の望ましさ及び有効性に基づいている。 ディジタル技術は従来の電気外科用ゼネレータにおいて使用されてきた。例えば、米国特許第4658819号は、患者のインピーダンスの増大に伴って出力電力を減少するために使用されるマイクロプロセッサ制御器を備えた電気外科用ゼネレータを開示している。しかしながら、ディジタル波形発生の開示はない。 若干の現在入手可能な電気外科用ゼネレータは出力波形を発生するためにアナログ回路構成を利用している。別の現在入手可能な電気外科用ゼネレータは出力波形を発生するためにディジタル技術を利用している。米国特許第4658820号はM×Nの記憶装置に幾つかの波形を記憶する波形発生を開示している。記憶装置は並列方式でロードされ、そして次にシフトレジスタが使用されて各ビットを順次出力して直流データ流にする。 同様に、米国特許第4961739号は、記憶装置がM×N×Pの記憶容量を有していて、改善されたメモリアクセス能力のある別のディジタル波形発生器を開示している。この波形発生器はより大きい多様性の波形、波形長、及び波形周波数を可能にする。この波形発生器にはまた、シフトレジスタが使用されていて並列データ流を直列出力に変換する。前述の諸特許は参照文献としてこの明細書に組み込まれる。 前述のディジタル波形発生器は両方共シフトレジスタと関連したハードウェア及び回路部を必要とする。シフトレジスタと関連した複雑さ及びその他の制約の付加を伴なわないで、種々の波形に対する指令をディジタル的に発生することができるようなマイクロプロセッサ準拠式信号発生器を有することが望ましいであろう。特有の動作を確保するために故障検出回路を有することも望ましいであろう。発生の要約 改良形電気外科用ゼネレータは波形発生のためのマイクロプロセッサを使用している。マイクロプロセッサは、多くの異なった波形を発生するために、マイクロプロセッサの出力ポートをトグルすることのできるアルゴリズムを有している。シフトレジスタは必要とされない。故障検出回路は、特有の動作を確保するために、波形発生器の出力を検査することができる。この発明の諸素子の要約を以下に記述する。 電気外科用ゼネレータは、患者の組織及び体液に高周波電気外科用エネルギーを印加するために使用されることができる。電気外科用ゼネレータにおけるマイクロプロセッサは、記憶能力、少なくとも一つの出力ポート、及び少なくとも一つの入力ポートを有することができる。基準周波数を与えるためにマイクロプロセッサの入力ポートの一つにクロック信号が接続され得る。 マイクロプロセッサにおけるアルゴリズムは出力ポートをトグルするための指令順序を実行するように設計されている。出力ポートからの直列ディジタル出力はそれにより生成されることができる。アルゴリズムは、マイクロプロセッサの入力ポートの一つによりリセットされるまで、連続的に実行するように設計されることができる。 電気外科用ゼネレータにおける出力増幅器は、直列ディジタル出力を高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換することができるであろう。電界効果トランジスタ(FET)駆動器回路及びFETが最も望ましくは出力増幅器に含まれている。出力増幅器と電気的に接続している可調整の高電圧直流電源は、高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整するために使用されることができる。 電気外科用ゼネレータには患者回路が接続されている。この患者回路は、高周波電気外科用エネルギーと電気的に接続している能動電極、及び電気外科用ゼネレータと電気的に接続している帰路電極を含むことができる。 直列ディジタル出力における複数のパルスパターンの一つを選択するために、電気外科用ゼネレータにおけるモードセレクタが使用され得る。各パターンは患者の組織及び体液における異なった効果を生じることになる。複数の指令順序がアルゴリズムにあってもよい。各指令順序は複数のパルスパターンの一つを発生するように設計されている。 タンク減衰回路は、出力増幅器に接続されることができて、電気外科用エネルギーにおける電圧スパイクの振幅を減小するためにマイクロプロセッサによって制御されることができる。パルス抑制回路もまた直列ディジタルの部分部分を抑制するために接続されることができる。 直列ディジタル出力を監視するために適用量誤り監視回路が使用され得る。一般に、適用量誤りモニタは直列ディジタル出力を時間平均して、次にこの平均値を安全性閾値と比較することができる。出力を時間平均するために低域フィルタが使用され得るが、他のフィルタリング及び平均化技術を使用することもできる。安全性閾値に達したならば、適用量誤り監視回路は電気外科用出力を実質上零に減小するために使用されることができる。 電気外科用ゼネレータを使用する方法は、次の諸段階、すなわち、記憶能力、少なくとも一つの出力ポート、及び少なくとも一つの入力ポートを備えた電気外科用ゼネレータにおけるマイクロプロセッサを準備すること、マイクロプロセッサにおいてアルゴリズムにおける指令順序を実行することによってマイクロプロセッサの出力ポートから直列ディジタル出力を生成すること、電気外科用ゼネレータにおける出力増幅器を用いて直列ディジタル出力を高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換すること、出力増幅器と電気的に接続している可調整の高電圧直流電源により高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整すること、並びに患者回路を電気外科用ゼネレータに接続すること、を含んでいる。患者回路は高周波電気外科用エネルギーと電気的に接続している能動電極、及び電気外科用ゼネレータと電気的に接続している帰路電極を含むことができる。 電気外科用ゼネレータを使用する若干の付加的な段階は、各パターンが患者の組織及び体液における異なった効果を生じることになる、直列ディジタル出力における複数のパルスパターンの一つを電気外科用ゼネレータにおけるモードセレクタの使用により選択すること、並びに各指令順序が前記の複数のパターンの一つを生成するように設計されている、アルゴリズムにおける複数の指令順序を準備すること、であり得る。 この方法は更に、指令順序をこれがマイクロプロセッサの入力ポートの一つによりリセットされるまで連続的に実行する段階を含んでもよい。この方法はまた、出力増幅器に接続されていてマイクロプロセッサにより制御されるタンク減衰回路によって、電気外科用エネルギーにおける電圧スパイクの振幅を減小させる段階を含むこともできる。また、直列ディジタル出力に接続されたパルス抑制回路を用いて直列ディジタル出力の部分部分を抑制する段階があってもよい。 この方法はまた、直列ディジタル出力を時間平均化すること、時間平均化直列ディジタル出力を安全性閾値と比較すること、及び時間平均化直列ディジタル出力が安全性閾値を越えたときには常に電気外科用エネルギーを実質上零に減小させること、の諸段階を含んでもよい。図面の簡単な説明 図1は、電気外科用ゼネレータの機能的ブロック図である。 図2は、マイクロプロセッサ及び波形を発生するための関連回路の概略的ブロック図である。発明の詳細な説明 図1は、能動電極12及び帰路電極13により患者11に接続された電気外科用ゼネレータ10の部分的ブロック図である。制御器14は、幾つかのマイクロコントローラ、論理回路、及びディジタル記憶装置で構成されている。好適な実施例においては、これらのマイクロコントローラは、フィリップス(Phillips)/シグネティックス(Signetics)モデル80C562である。マイクロプロセッサ15は直列ディジタル出力を発生するが、これはその後出力波形を発生するためのRFマスクとして使用される。出力増幅器16は電界効果トランジスタ(FET)を用いて直列ディジタル出力を電気外科用信号に変換する。出力増幅器16はまた、図1においては別のブロックとし示されているタンク回路18を含んでいる。 出力増幅器16はまた、電気外科用信号の振幅をもたらす可調整の高電圧電源17からの入力を有している。制御器14及びマイクロプロセッサ15にはそれぞれ可調整の高電圧電源17への出力がある。好適な実施例においては、マイクロプロセッサ15からの直列ディジタルラインは、このラインを時間平均化する低域フィルタ19を通して送られる。時間平均化された、すなわちフィルタされた信号は制御器14に送られる。各波形に関して、制御器14はフィルタされた信号の期待値に対する閾値を持っている。フィルタされた信号が閾値の外側にあるならば、制御器14におけるアルゴリズムは、電気外科用ゼネレータ10の出力を遮断する故障信号を発生する。 電気外科用ゼネレータ10に対するモードは、制御器14に信号を送るモードセレクタから選択される。フィルタされた信号に対する閾値は制御器14において設定され、そしてモード選択はマイクロプロセッサ15に送られる。マイクロプロセッサ15におけるアルゴリズムはモード選択に基づいて複数の指令順序の一つを実行する。各指令順序は異なった直列ディジタル出力を発生する。クロック21は、時間決めされたパルスをマイクロプロセッサ15に送って、マイクロプロセッサ15におけるアルゴリズムの実行を順序づけする。 図2はマイクロプロセッサ15及びその関連回路の若干のものの概略図を示している。好適な実施例においては、マイクロプロセッサ15は、28.322MHzで動作するクロックにより駆動されるフィリップス(Phillips)/シグネティックス(Signetics)87C750である。マイクロプロセッサ15は、オンボード記憶装置、及びクロック21に対する入力ポート、並びに他の論理信号を有している。直列ディジタル出力を可能化する制御器14からの入力は、図2において「TONEN」の標識を付されている。モードセレクタ20の出力は、図2において「MODE 0」ないし「MODE 3」の標識のあるポートの一つを通してマイクロプロセッサ15に入力される。 マイクロプロセッサ15は直列ディジタルライン及び他の論理信号を供給するための出力ポートを有している。図2において、直列ディジタルラインは「TONMICRO」と標識付けされている。高電圧電源17を制御する出力は「ECONGAIN」と標識付けされている。 好適な実施例においては、マイクロプロセッサ15におけるアルゴリズムは、マイクロプロセッサ15の出力ポート「TONMICRO」をトグルする一連の指令を繰り返し実行する。この開示においては、「トグル」の用語は、直列ディジタル出力を発生するために時間決めされた順序で論理的「オン」と論理的「オフ」との間で切換を行うことを意味する。一連の指令は外科医が選択するモードに依存して異なってくる。例えば、純粋な切断モードにおいては、アルゴリズムは方形波を発生することになる。混成モードにおいては、アルゴリズムは直列ディジタル出力により長い期間の論理的「オフ」を組み入れることによってデューティサイクルを低減することができる。一つのモード、すなわち電気外科的噴霧(スプレー)モードに対しては、256バイトの長い探索表がオンボード記憶装置に記憶されていて、それは指定の波形出力を発生するという効果を有している。 好適な実施例においてはまた、図1にブロック22として示されたタンク減衰回路がある。このタンク減衰回路の目的は、電気外科用出力における電圧スパイクの振幅を減小し且つ漏れ電流を減小することである。タンク減衰回路22は「TNKDMP」の標識のある出力ポートを通してマイクロプロセッサ15によって可能化される。出力は、NANDゲートUIOCおよびUIODを通して送られて、そこで「HIZ」の標識のある高インピーダンスフラグと論理的にNAND処理される。論理的出力は「TNKDMPOUT」と標識付けされていて、タンク減衰回路22に送られる。 好適な実施例においてはまた、図2においてUIOAと標識付けつれた論理的NANDとして示されたパルス抑制回路がある。これの目的は、直列ディジタルパルス列からの選択パルスを抑制することによって出力のデューティサイクルを低下させることである。パルス抑制回路は、選択されたモードと患者組織11のインピーダンスとに依存して、より低いデューティサイクルが望ましいときに制御器14によって可能化される。WARと標識付けされたディジタル信号は、UIOBによって直列ディジタルパルス列とNAND処理されて、図2に示されたように、出力増幅器16に送られる信号「TON」を生じる。 好適な実施例はまた、、フィルタ19及び制御器14のアルゴリズムで構成された適用量誤り監視回路を備えている。採択されたフィルタ19は、図2においては、抵抗R15及びコンデンサC16からなる低域フィルタとして示されている。「TONAVG」と標識付けされた、フィルタされた信号は、適当な波形が発生されているかどうかを決定するために、制御器14において閾値と比較される。フィルタされた信号が所望の信号に対する閾値に対して高すぎるか又は低すぎるならば、故障状態が存在し、従って電気外科用ゼネレータ10の出力は遮断される。 この発明の実施例についての前述の詳細な記述が単に例として与えられたことは理解されるべきである。設計及び構成の種々の細部は諸請求項において述べられたようなこの発明の真の精神及び範囲から逸脱することなく変更されることができる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONDigital Waveform Generation for Electrosurgical Generators A related application, which is incorporated herein by reference and which is incorporated by reference, is filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office on the same date as follows. "Power Control for an Electrosurgical Generator", U.S. Pat. S. S. N 08/471, 116; PC8826. "A Control System for Neurosurgery", U.S. Pat. S. S. N 08 / 470,533; PC9162. "Control Apparatus for Electrosurgical Generator Power Output", U.S. Pat. S. S. N 08 / 468,950; PC8827. "Exit Spark Control for an Electrosurgical Generator", U.S. Pat. S. S. N 08 / 479,424; PC9217. 1.FIELD OF THEINVENTION The present invention relates to the design of electrosurgical generators and, more particularly, to an improved design for generating electrosurgical output waveforms, monitoring these waveforms, and confirming specific operation. 2.Background of the Disclosure Electrosurgical generators are used to generate high frequency electrical energy for surgical use in patient tissue. This high frequency electrical energy is also referred to as radio frequency (RF) energy or electrosurgical energy. Electrosurgical energy flows through electrodes operated by the surgeon. This electrode can be used to cut, coagulate, and / or disrupt the tissue of a patient. Electrosurgical energy has a combined waveform. For example, the electrosurgical energy may be in the form of a sine wave. This waveform also has a duty cycle. For example, a sine wave may not be continuous, but instead may have cycles separated in time by a period of zero power. The importance of waveforms for electrosurgical generators is that different waveforms have different effects. For example, as is known in the art, a continuous sinusoid can have desirable tissue cutting characteristics. Other waveforms, such as high frequency white noise, can have desirable tissue electrical breakdown characteristics. One of the important capabilities of an electrosurgical generator is that the output waveform can be selected by the surgeon to achieve the desired surgical effect. Surgeons sometimes desire a combination of cutting and coagulation effects, which combination is sometimes referred to as a "blend" mode. To achieve these hybrid modes, electrosurgical generator designers can experiment with different waveforms and duty cycles to achieve the best possible tissue effect. Part of the commercial success of electrosurgical generators is based on the desirability and effectiveness of modes or waveforms. Digital technology has been used in conventional electrosurgical generators. For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,658,819 discloses an electrosurgical generator with a microprocessor controller that is used to reduce output power with increasing patient impedance. However, there is no disclosure of digital waveform generation. Some currently available electrosurgical generators utilize analog circuitry to generate the output waveform. Another currently available electrosurgical generator utilizes digital technology to generate output waveforms. U.S. Pat. No. 4,658,820 discloses a waveform generator that stores several waveforms in an M.times.N storage device. The storage is loaded in a parallel fashion and then a shift register is used to sequentially output each bit into a DC data stream. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 4,961,739 discloses another digital waveform generator wherein the storage device has M * N * P storage capacity and has improved memory access capabilities. The waveform generator allows for a greater variety of waveforms, waveform lengths, and waveform frequencies. The waveform generator also uses a shift register to convert a parallel data stream to a serial output. The aforementioned patents are incorporated herein by reference. Both of the above digital waveform generators require hardware and circuitry associated with a shift register. It would be desirable to have a microprocessor-based signal generator that can digitally generate commands for various waveforms without the added complexity and other constraints associated with shift registers. . It would also be desirable to have a fault detection circuit to ensure unique operation.Generation Summary The improved electrosurgical generator uses a microprocessor for waveform generation. The microprocessor has an algorithm that can toggle the output port of the microprocessor to generate many different waveforms. No shift register is required. The fault detection circuit can check the output of the waveform generator to ensure a unique operation. A summary of the elements of the present invention is provided below. Electrosurgical generators can be used to apply high frequency electrosurgical energy to patient tissues and fluids. A microprocessor in an electrosurgical generator can have storage capability, at least one output port, and at least one input port. A clock signal can be connected to one of the input ports of the microprocessor to provide a reference frequency. The algorithm in the microprocessor is designed to execute a command sequence to toggle the output port. A serial digital output from the output port can be generated thereby. The algorithm can be designed to run continuously until reset by one of the microprocessor's input ports. An output amplifier in an electrosurgical generator could convert the serial digital output to high frequency electrosurgical energy. A field effect transistor (FET) driver circuit and FET are most preferably included in the output amplifier. An adjustable high voltage DC power supply in electrical communication with the output amplifier can be used to adjust the amplitude of the high frequency electrosurgical energy. A patient circuit is connected to the electrosurgical generator. The patient circuit can include an active electrode in electrical communication with the high frequency electrosurgical energy, and a return electrode in electrical communication with the electrosurgical generator. A mode selector in an electrosurgical generator can be used to select one of a plurality of pulse patterns in the serial digital output. Each pattern will produce a different effect on the patient's tissues and fluids. More than one command order may be in the algorithm. Each command sequence is designed to generate one of a plurality of pulse patterns. The tank damping circuit can be connected to an output amplifier and can be controlled by a microprocessor to reduce the amplitude of voltage spikes in electrosurgical energy. A pulse suppression circuit can also be connected to suppress the serial digital portion. A dose error monitor circuit can be used to monitor the serial digital output. In general, the dose error monitor can time average the serial digital output and then compare this average to a security threshold. A low pass filter may be used to time average the output, but other filtering and averaging techniques may be used. Once the safety threshold is reached, the dose error monitoring circuit can be used to reduce the electrosurgical output to substantially zero. The method of using an electrosurgical generator includes the following steps: providing a microprocessor in an electrosurgical generator with storage capacity, at least one output port, and at least one input port, wherein the microprocessor includes: Generating a serial digital output from an output port of a microprocessor by executing a command sequence in an algorithm; converting the serial digital output to high frequency electrosurgical energy using an output amplifier in an electrosurgical generator; Adjusting the amplitude of the high frequency electrosurgical energy with an adjustable high voltage DC power supply in electrical connection and connecting the patient circuit to the electrosurgical generator. The patient circuit may include an active electrode in electrical communication with the high frequency electrosurgical energy and a return electrode in electrical communication with the electrosurgical generator. Some additional steps in using the electrosurgical generator include the use of one of a plurality of pulse patterns in the serial digital output in the electrosurgical generator, with each pattern producing a different effect on the tissue and fluid of the patient. The selection may be by using a mode selector, as well as providing a plurality of command sequences in the algorithm, each command sequence being designed to generate one of the plurality of patterns. The method may further include the step of continuously executing the command sequence until it is reset by one of the input ports of the microprocessor. The method may also include reducing the amplitude of the voltage spike in the electrosurgical energy by a tank damping circuit connected to the output amplifier and controlled by a microprocessor. There may also be a step of suppressing a portion of the serial digital output using a pulse suppression circuit connected to the serial digital output. The method also includes time averaging the serial digital output, comparing the time averaged serial digital output to a safety threshold, and electrosurgical energy whenever the time averaged serial digital output exceeds the safety threshold. May be reduced to substantially zero.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an electrosurgical generator. FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a microprocessor and related circuits for generating waveforms.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIG. 1 is a partial block diagram of an electrosurgical generator 10 connected to a patient 11 by an active electrode 12 and a return electrode 13. Controller 14 is comprised of several microcontrollers, logic circuits, and digital storage. In the preferred embodiment, these microcontrollers are a Phillips / Signetics model 80C562. Microprocessor 15 generates a serial digital output, which is then used as an RF mask to generate the output waveform. Output amplifier 16 uses a field effect transistor (FET) to convert the serial digital output to an electrosurgical signal. Output amplifier 16 also includes a tank circuit 18, shown as a separate block in FIG. Output amplifier 16 also has an input from an adjustable high voltage power supply 17 that provides the amplitude of the electrosurgical signal. Controller 14 and microprocessor 15 each have an output to an adjustable high voltage power supply 17. In the preferred embodiment, the serial digital line from microprocessor 15 is sent through a low pass filter 19 which time averages this line. The time averaged, or filtered, signal is sent to controller 14. For each waveform, controller 14 has a threshold for the expected value of the filtered signal. If the filtered signal is outside the threshold, the algorithm in controller 14 generates a fault signal that shuts off the output of electrosurgical generator 10. The mode for electrosurgical generator 10 is selected from a mode selector that signals controller 14. The threshold for the filtered signal is set in controller 14 and the mode selection is sent to microprocessor 15. The algorithm in microprocessor 15 executes one of a plurality of command sequences based on the mode selection. Each command sequence produces a different serial digital output. Clock 21 sends timed pulses to microprocessor 15 to sequence the execution of the algorithm in microprocessor 15. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the microprocessor 15 and some of its associated circuits. In the preferred embodiment, microprocessor 15 is a Philips / Signics 87C750 driven by a clock operating at 28.322 MHz. Microprocessor 15 has on-board storage, an input port for clock 21, and other logic signals. The input from controller 14 that enables serial digital output is "T ON EN ”. The output of mode selector 20 is input to microprocessor 15 through one of the ports labeled "MODE 0" through "MODE 3" in FIG. Microprocessor 15 has an output port for providing serial digital lines and other logic signals. In FIG. 2, the serial digital line is "TO N MICRO ". The output for controlling the high-voltage power supply 17 is “E CON GAIN ". In the preferred embodiment, the algorithm in microprocessor 15 is based on the output port "T ON MICRO ”is repeatedly executed. In this disclosure, the term "toggle" means to switch between logical "on" and logical "off" in a timed order to generate a serial digital output. The sequence of commands will differ depending on the mode selected by the surgeon. For example, in a pure cutting mode, the algorithm will generate a square wave. In the hybrid mode, the algorithm can reduce the duty cycle by incorporating a longer term logical "off" into the serial digital output. For one mode, the electrosurgical spray mode, a 256-byte long look-up table is stored in on-board storage, which has the effect of generating a designated waveform output. . In the preferred embodiment, there is also a tank damping circuit shown as block 22 in FIG. The purpose of this tank damping circuit is to reduce the amplitude of voltage spikes at the electrosurgical output and to reduce leakage current. Tank damping circuit 22 Enabled by microprocessor 15 through an output port labeled "DMP". The output is sent through NAND gates UIOC and UIOD, where "HI" It is logically ANDed with the high impedance flag labeled "Z". The logical output is "TNK DMP OUT "and sent to the tank damping circuit 22. Also in the preferred embodiment is a pulse suppression circuit shown in FIG. 2 as a logical NAND labeled UIOA. The purpose of this is to reduce the duty cycle of the output by suppressing selected pulses from the serial digital pulse train. The pulse suppression circuit is enabled by the controller 14 when a lower duty cycle is desired, depending on the mode selected and the impedance of the patient tissue 11. The digital signal labeled WAR is NANDed with the serial digital pulse train by the UIOB and the signal "T" sent to the output amplifier 16 as shown in FIG. ON ". The preferred embodiment also includes a dosage error monitoring circuit configured with a filter 19 and controller 14 algorithm. The adopted filter 19 is shown in FIG. 2 as a low-pass filter including a resistor R15 and a capacitor C16. "T ON The filtered signal, labeled "AVG", is compared to a threshold at controller 14 to determine if an appropriate waveform has been generated. If the filtered signal is too high or too low for a threshold for the desired signal, a fault condition exists and the output of electrosurgical generator 10 is shut off. It should be understood that the foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the invention has been given by way of example only. Various details of the design and construction may be changed without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.

【手続補正書】【提出日】1997年12月2日【補正内容】 請求の範囲 1. 患者11に高周波電気外科用エネルギーを印加するための電気外科用ゼネレータ10であって、 直列ディジタル出力を有する電気外科用ゼネレータ10におけるパルス発生器15、 前記の直列ディジタル出力を時間平均化するために接続されたフィルタ19、及びフィルタされた直列ディジタル出力を少なくとも一つの安全性閾値と比較するための比較器を含んでおり、且つ前記のフィルタされた直列ディジタル出力が前記の少なくとも一つの安全性閾値を越えたときには患者への高周波電気外科用エネルギーを終らせるように電気的に接続されている、前記の直列ディジタル出力に電気的に接続された適用量誤り監視回路、 前記の直列ディジタル出力を受けてこれを高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換することのできる、前記の電気外科用ゼネレータ内の前記の直列ディジタル出力に電気的に接続された出力増幅器16、 高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整するために前記の出力増幅器に電気的に接続している可調整の高電圧直流電源17、並びに 高周波電気外科用エネルギーに電気的に接続している能動電極12、及び前記の電気外科用ゼネレータに電気的に接続している帰路電極13を含んでいる、前記の電気外科用ゼネレータに接続された患者回路、を含んでいる電気外科用ゼネレータ10。 2. 振幅調整された高周波電気外科用エネルギーを患者に印加するための電気外科用ゼネレータ10であって、直列ディジタル出力を供給するためのパルス発生器15、前記の直列ディジタル出力を高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換するための出力増幅器16、高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整するための可調整の高電圧直流電源、並びに振幅調整された高周波電気外科用エネルギーを能動電極12に、且つこれにより患者に供給するための、及び前記の振幅調整された高周波電気外科用エネルギーを帰路電極13により患者から受けるための接続部を備えている前記の電気外科用ゼネレータ10において、 適用量誤り監視回路19もまた前記の直列ディジタル出力を受け、この適用量誤り監視回路が、前記の直列ディジタル出力を時間平均化するためのフィルタ、及び時間平均化された前記の直列ディジタル出力を少なくとも一つの安全性閾値と比較するための比較器を備えていて、前記の時間平均化された直列ディジタル出力が前記の少なくとも一つの安全性閾値を越えたときには前記の振幅調整された高周波電気外科用エネルギーを少なくとも実質的に終らせることを特徴とする電気外科用ゼネレータ10。 3. 高周波電気外科用エネルギーを患者11に印加するための電気外科用ゼネレータ10であって、 直列ディジタル出力を発生するための、電気外科用ゼネレータ10におけるパルス発生器、 前記の直列ディジタル出力を時間平均化するため接続されたフィルタ19、及びフィルタされた前記の直列ディジタル出力を安全性閾値と比較するための比較器、を含んでいる適用量誤り監視回路、 前記の直列ディジタル出力を受けてこれを高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換することのできる、電気外科用ゼネレータ10における出力増幅器16、 高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整するために出力増幅器16に電気的に接続している可調整の高電圧直流電源17、並びに 高周波電気外科用エネルギーに電気的に接続している能動電極12、及び電気外科用ゼネレータ10に電気的に接続している帰路電極13を含んでいる、電気外科用ゼネレータ10に接続された患者回路、を含んでいる電気外科用ゼネレータ10。』[Procedure amendment][Submission date] December 2, 1997[Correction contents]                                 The scope of the claims  1. An electrosurgical device for applying high-frequency electrosurgical energy to a patient 11.A Nerator 10,  Pulse generator in electrosurgical generator 10 with serial digital output15,  A filter 19 connected to time average the serial digital output,And comparing the filtered serial digital output with at least one safety threshold.And a filtered serial digital output.High frequency electrosurgical treatment of the patient when the at least one safety threshold is exceededSaid serial digital output, electrically connected to terminate energyA dose error monitoring circuit, electrically connected to the power,  Receive the serial digital output and convert it to high frequency electrosurgical energySaid serial digital output in said electrosurgical generator, which can beAn output amplifier 16 electrically connected to  Electric power is supplied to the output amplifier to adjust the amplitude of high frequency electrosurgical energy.Adjustable high-voltage DC power supply 17 connected  An active electrode 12 electrically connected to high frequency electrosurgical energy;A return electrode 13 electrically connected to the electrosurgical generator of theA patient circuit connected to the electrosurgical generator ofAn electrosurgical generator 10 comprising:  2. Electrode for applying amplitude-adjusted high-frequency electrosurgical energy to the patientA pulse generator for providing a serial digital output.Generator 15 converts the serial digital output to high frequency electrosurgical energyOutput amplifier 16 for adjusting the amplitude of high frequency electrosurgical energyAdjustable high-voltage DC power supply as well as amplitude-adjusted high-frequency electrosurgical energyAn amplitude-adjusted electrode for supplying to the active electrode 12, and thereby to the patient, andFor receiving the received high-frequency electrosurgical energy from the patient via the return electrode 13.In said electrosurgical generator 10 comprising a connection,  The application error monitor 19 also receives the serial digital output, andAn error monitoring circuit, a filter for time-averaging the serial digital output,And applying the time averaged serial digital output to at least one security threshold.A time-averaged serial digital device comprising a comparator for comparing withWhen the output exceeds the at least one safety threshold, the amplitude is adjusted.At least substantially ending high frequency electrosurgical energyElectrosurgical generator 10.  3. An electrosurgical device for applying high frequency electrosurgical energy to a patient 11.A Nerator 10,  A pulse generator in the electrosurgical generator 10 for generating a serial digital output.Lus generator,  A filter 19 connected for time averaging the serial digital output, andComparison for comparing the filtered and filtered serial digital output with a safety thresholdDetector, including a dose error monitoring circuit,  Receive the serial digital output and convert it to high frequency electrosurgical energyAn output amplifier 16 in the electrosurgical generator 10 that can  The output amplifier 16 is electrically connected to adjust the amplitude of the high frequency electrosurgical energy.Adjustable high-voltage DC power supply 17 connected to  An active electrode 12 electrically connected to high frequency electrosurgical energy;An electrical device including a return electrode 13 electrically connected to the surgical generator 10;A patient circuit connected to the surgical generator 10,An electrosurgical generator 10 comprising: 』

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────【要約の続き】圧スパイクの振幅を減小するためのタンク減衰回路(22)、及びパルス抑制回路があってもよい。監視回路は波形発生器の動作を確認するために低域フィルタ(19)及び比較器を含んでいる。────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───[Continuation of summary]Tank damping circuit to reduce the pressure spike amplitude (22) and there may be a pulse suppression circuit. The monitoring circuit isIn order to confirm the operation of the waveform generator, a low-pass filter (19) and a comparator.

Claims (1)

Translated fromJapanese
【特許請求の範囲】 1. 患者11の組織及び体液に高周波電気外科用エネルギーを印加するための電気外科用ゼネレータ10であって、 記憶能力、少なくとも一つの出力ポート、及び少なくとも一つの入力ポートを有している、電気外科用ゼネレータ10におけるマイクロプロセッサ15、 出力ポートをトグルするための指令順序を実行し且つこれにより直列ディジタル出力を生成するように設計された、マイクロプロセッサ15におけるアルゴリズム、 直列ディジタル出力を高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換することのできる、電気外科用ゼネレータ10における出力増幅器16、 高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整するために出力増幅器16に電気的に接続している可調整の高電圧直流電源17、並びに 高周波電気外科用エネルギーに電気的に接続している能動電極12、及び電気外科用ゼネレータ10に電気的に接続している帰路電極13を含んでいる、電気外科用ゼネレータ10に接続された患者回路、を含んでいる電気外科用ゼネレータ10。 2. 各パターンが患者11の組織及び体液における異なった効果を生じる結果になる、直列ディジタル出力における複数のパルスパターンの一つを選択するための電気外科用ゼネレータ10におけるモードセレクタ20、並びに 各指令順序が複数のパターンの少なくとも一つを発生するように設計されている、アルゴリズムにおける複数の指令順序、を更に含んでいる、請求項1の電気外科用ゼネレータ10。 3. タンク減衰回路22が出力増幅器16に接続されていて、電気外科用エネルギーにおける電圧スパイクの振幅を減小するためにマイクロプロセッサ15によって制御される、請求項1の電気外科用ゼネレータ10。 4. 直列ディジタル出力の部分部分を抑制するために出力増幅器16にパルス抑制回路が接続されている、請求項1の電気外科用ゼネレータ10。 5. 患者11に高周波電気外科用エネルギーを印加するための電気外科用ゼネレータ10であって、 直列ディジタル出力を発生するための、電気外科用ゼネレータ10におけるパルス発生器、 直列ディジタル出力を時間平均化するために接続されたフィルタ19、及びフィルタされた直列ディジタル出力を安全性閾値と比較するための比較器を含んでいる適用量誤り監視回路、 直列ディジタル出力を受けて、これを高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換することのできる、電気外科用ゼネレータ10における出力増幅器16、 高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整するために出力増幅器16に電気的に接続している可調整の高電圧直流電源17、並びに 高周波電気外科用エネルギーに電気的に接続している能動電極12、及び電気外科用ゼネレータ10に電気的に接続している帰路電極13を含んでいる、電気外科用ゼネレータ10に接続された患者回路、を含んでいる電気外科用ゼネレータ10。 6. 患者11の組織及び体液に高周波電気外科用エネルギーを印加するために電気外科用ゼネレータ10を使用する方法であって、 記憶能力、少なくとも一つの出力ポート、及び少なくとも一つの入力ポートを備えた電気外科用ゼネレータ10におけるマイクロプロセッサ15を準備すること、 マイクロプロセッサ15におけるアルゴリズムにおいて指令順序を実行することによってマイクロプロセッサ15の出力ポートから直列ディジタル出力を生成すること、 電気外科用ゼネレータ10における出力増幅器16を使用することによって直列ディジタル出力を高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換すること、 出力増幅器16に電気的に接続している可調整の高電圧直流電源17により高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整すること、並びに 高周波電気外科用エネルギーに電気的に接続している能動電極12、及び電気外科用ゼネレータ10に電気的に接続している帰路電極13を含んでいる患者回路を電気外科用ゼネレータに接続すること、の諸段階を含んでいる電気外科用ゼネレータ10を使用する方法。 7. 各パターンが患者11の組織及び体液における異なった効果を生じる結果になる、直列ディジタル出力における複数のパルスパターンの一つを電気外科用ゼネレータ10におけるモードセレクタ20を用いて選択すること、並びに 各指令順序が複数のパターンの一つを生成するように設計されている、アルゴリズムにおける複数の指令順序を準備すること、の諸段階を更に含んでいる、請求項6の電気外科用ゼネレータ10を使用する方法。 8. 出力増幅器16に接続されていてマイクロプロセッサ15により制御されるタンク減衰回路22によって電気外科用エネルギーにおける電圧スパイクの振幅を減小する段階を更に含んでいる、請求項6の電気外科用ゼネレータ10を使用する方法。 9. 直列ディジタル出力に接続されたパルス抑制回路を用いて直列ディジタル出力の部分部分を抑制する段階を更に含んでいる、請求項6の電気外科用ゼネレータ10を使用する方法。 10. 患者11の組織及び体液に高周波電気外科用エネルギーを印加するために電気外科用ゼネレータ10を使用する方法であって、 電気外科用ゼネレータ10におけるパルス発生器を用いて直列ディジタル出力を発生すること、 直列ディジタル出力を時間平均化すること、 時間平均化直列ディジタル出力を安全性閾値と比較すること、 直列ディジタル出力を高周波電気外科用エネルギーに変換すること、 出力増幅器16に電気的に接続している可調整の高電圧直流電源17により高周波電気外科用エネルギーの振幅を調整すること、並びに 高周波電気外科用エネルギーに電気的に接続している能動電極12、及び電気外科用ゼネレータ10に電気的に接続している帰路電極13を含んでいる、電気外科用ゼネレータ10に接続された患者回路を準備すること、の諸段階を含んでいる電気外科用ゼネレータ10を使用する方法。[Claims]  1. To apply high frequency electrosurgical energy to tissue and body fluids of patient 11An electrosurgical generator 10 of  Storage capacity, at least one output port, and at least one input portA microprocessor 15 in the electrosurgical generator 10,  Execute a command sequence to toggle the output port and thereby perform the serial digitalAlgorithm in the microprocessor 15 designed to produceZum,  Capable of converting serial digital output to high frequency electrosurgical energy,An output amplifier 16 in the electrosurgical generator 10,  The output amplifier 16 is electrically connected to adjust the amplitude of the high frequency electrosurgical energy.Adjustable high-voltage DC power supply 17 connected to  An active electrode 12 electrically connected to high frequency electrosurgical energy;An electrical device including a return electrode 13 electrically connected to the surgical generator 10;A patient circuit connected to the surgical generator 10,An electrosurgical generator 10 comprising:  2. Each pattern results in a different effect on the tissue and fluid of patient 11.Select one of multiple pulse patterns on serial digital outputMode selector 20 in electrosurgical generator 10 for  Each command sequence is designed to generate at least one of several patterns.Multiple command orders in the algorithm,The electrosurgical generator 10 of claim 1, further comprising:  3. A tank damping circuit 22 is connected to the output amplifier 16 for providing electrosurgical energy.Microprocessor 15 to reduce the amplitude of voltage spikes in energyThe electrosurgical generator 10 of claim 1, wherein the generator is controlled by:  4. The output amplifier 16 is pulsed to suppress a portion of the serial digital output.The electrosurgical generator (10) of claim 1, wherein a surge suppression circuit is connected.  5. An electrosurgical device for applying high-frequency electrosurgical energy to a patient 11.A Nerator 10,  A pulse generator in the electrosurgical generator 10 for generating a serial digital output.Lus generator,  A filter 19 connected to time average the serial digital output, andIncludes comparator for comparing filtered serial digital output with safety thresholdError monitoring circuit,  Receives serial digital output and converts it to high-frequency electrosurgical energyA power amplifier 16 in the electrosurgical generator 10,  The output amplifier 16 is electrically connected to adjust the amplitude of the high frequency electrosurgical energy.Adjustable high-voltage DC power supply 17 connected to  An active electrode 12 electrically connected to high frequency electrosurgical energy;An electrical device including a return electrode 13 electrically connected to the surgical generator 10;A patient circuit connected to the surgical generator 10,An electrosurgical generator 10 comprising:  6. To apply high frequency electrosurgical energy to tissue and body fluids of patient 11A method of using the electrosurgical generator 10 for  Storage capacity, at least one output port, and at least one input portTo prepare the microprocessor 15 in the electrosurgical generator 10 provided withWhen,  Executing the command order in the algorithm in the microprocessor 15Generates a serial digital output from the output port of the microprocessor 15.To do,  By using the power amplifier 16 in the electrosurgical generator 10,Converting the column digital output to high frequency electrosurgical energy;  An adjustable high voltage DC power supply 17 electrically connected to the output amplifier 16Adjusting the amplitude of the high frequency electrosurgical energy; and  An active electrode 12 electrically connected to high frequency electrosurgical energy;A patient patient including a return electrode 13 electrically connected to a surgical generator 10.Connecting the tract to an electrosurgical generator,A method of using an electrosurgical generator 10 that includes the steps of:  7. Each pattern results in a different effect on the tissue and fluid of patient 11.One of several pulse patterns in serial digital outputUsing the mode selector 20 in the generator 10 for  An algorithm in which each command sequence is designed to generate one of several patternsPreparing multiple command sequences in the rhythm,Using the electrosurgical generator 10 of claim 6 further comprising the steps of:Law.  8. Connected to the output amplifier 16 and controlled by the microprocessor 15The tank damping circuit 22 provides a voltage spike for electrosurgical energy.7. The electrosurgical generator of claim 6, further comprising the step of reducing the amplitude.How to use.  9. A series digital using a pulse suppression circuit connected to the series digital output.7. The electrosurgical generator of claim 6, further comprising the step of suppressing a portion of the power output.Method using the lator 10.  10. Apply high frequency electrosurgical energy to tissue and fluid of patient 11A method of using the electrosurgical generator 10 for:  Serial digital output using pulse generator in electrosurgical generator 10Causing the  Time-averaging the serial digital output,  Comparing the time-averaged serial digital output with a safety threshold;  Converting the serial digital output to high frequency electrosurgical energy;  An adjustable high voltage DC power supply 17 electrically connected to the output amplifier 16Adjusting the amplitude of the high frequency electrosurgical energy; and  An active electrode 12 electrically connected to high frequency electrosurgical energy;An electrical device including a return electrode 13 electrically connected to the surgical generator 10;Providing a patient circuit connected to the surgical generator 10;A method of using an electrosurgical generator 10 that includes the steps of:
JP9500260A1995-06-061996-06-03 Digital waveform generation for electrosurgical generatorsPendingJPH10506564A (en)

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US47134495A1995-06-061995-06-06
US08/471,3441995-06-06
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CA2220909C (en)2001-02-27
EP0836433A1 (en)1998-04-22
CA2220909A1 (en)1996-12-12
AU5700996A (en)1996-12-24
WO1996039088A1 (en)1996-12-12
AU710400B2 (en)1999-09-16

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