【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ディーゼルエンジ
ン等、内燃機関の排気中に含まれる微粒子をフィルタに
捕集して排気を浄化する内燃機関の排気微粒子浄化装置
に関し、特に、捕集した微粒子を燃焼除去してフィルタ
を再生する手段に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust particle purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine, which collects particles contained in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine on a filter to purify the exhaust gas, and more particularly, to collected particles. And means for regenerating the filter by burning and removing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ディーゼルエンジン等の内燃機関より排
出される排気中には、カーボン粒子等の可燃性の微粒子
が含まれており、これをフィルタに捕集して排気を浄化
する一方、捕集した微粒子を定期的に燃焼除去してフィ
ルタを再生することが行われている。このフィルタの再
生手段としては、例えば、フィルタに酸化触媒を担持さ
せておき、高温の排気によって触媒温度を活性化温度以
上に上昇させると同時に、フィルタに燃料を供給し、燃
料の酸化反応熱によって捕集した微粒子を加熱、燃焼さ
せる方法が知られている。Exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine contains combustible fine particles such as carbon particles, which are collected by a filter to purify the exhaust gas while being collected. The particulates are regularly burned and removed to regenerate the filter. As the regeneration means of this filter, for example, an oxidation catalyst is loaded on the filter, and the temperature of the catalyst is raised to an activation temperature or higher by high temperature exhaust gas, and at the same time, fuel is supplied to the filter and the heat of oxidation reaction of the fuel is used. A method of heating and burning the collected fine particles is known.
【０００３】しかしながら、上記方法では、内燃機関の
低回転、低負荷運転時のように、排気温度が低い運転条
件では、触媒を活性化温度以上に温度上昇させることが
難しい。このため、燃料を供給しても触媒が活性化して
いないため、燃料が酸化反応を起こさず、捕集した微粒
子を加熱燃焼させることができない。その結果、フィル
タが目詰まりを起こして排気圧力が増大し、内燃機関の
性能を低下させる懸念があった。However, with the above method, it is difficult to raise the temperature of the catalyst above the activation temperature under operating conditions where the exhaust gas temperature is low, such as when the internal combustion engine is operating at low speed and low load. For this reason, since the catalyst is not activated even when the fuel is supplied, the fuel does not cause an oxidation reaction and the collected fine particles cannot be heated and burned. As a result, the filter may become clogged, the exhaust pressure may increase, and the performance of the internal combustion engine may deteriorate.
【０００４】これに対し、本発明者等は先に、図６に示
すように、排気流路１途中に設けた触媒担持フィルタ３
の上流側に、周辺の触媒を部分的に加熱するための部分
加熱ヒータ２を設けた排気微粒子浄化装置を提案した
（特願平６−１７６６８４号）。部分加熱ヒータ２は、
例えばメタルハニカム型の触媒担体の一部を電気的に発
熱するように構成してなり、通電により触媒を部分的に
加熱して活性化することができる。On the other hand, the present inventors have previously shown that the catalyst-carrying filter 3 provided in the exhaust passage 1 as shown in FIG.
Has proposed an exhaust particulate purification device provided with a partial heating heater 2 for partially heating the surrounding catalyst on the upstream side (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-176868). The partial heater 2 is
For example, a part of the metal honeycomb type catalyst carrier is configured to generate heat electrically, and the catalyst can be partially heated and activated by energization.
【０００５】上記構成において、排気温度が触媒活性化
温度より低い運転条件でフィルタの再生を行う場合、ま
ず、部分加熱ヒータ２に電力を供給して触媒の一部を活
性化する（図６、７参照）。そして部分加熱ヒータ２に
対向する排気流路１壁に設けた燃料噴射弁４から、始め
は少量の燃料を噴射し、その後徐々に燃料供給量を増加
して、燃料の酸化反応熱によりフィルタ３の触媒全体を
活性化し、低回転、低負荷運転時のフィルタ３の再生を
可能にしようとするものである。In the above structure, when the filter is regenerated under an operating condition in which the exhaust temperature is lower than the catalyst activation temperature, first, electric power is supplied to the partial heater 2 to activate a part of the catalyst (FIG. 6, FIG. 6). 7). Then, a small amount of fuel is initially injected from the fuel injection valve 4 provided on the wall of the exhaust passage 1 facing the partial heater 2, and then the fuel supply amount is gradually increased, and the filter 3 is heated by the heat of oxidation reaction of the fuel. The above catalyst is activated to enable regeneration of the filter 3 during low rotation and low load operation.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
再生方法では、アイドリング時など排気温度が特に低い
運転条件において、燃料供給量を十分に少なくしないと
フィルタの再生ができないという問題がある。これは、
排気温度が低いとこれを昇温するために必要な燃料供給
量が多くなり、その分蒸発潜熱も大きくなるためで、部
分加熱ヒータ２の壁面温度が低下して触媒を活性化する
に必要な熱量が得られず、フィルタの再生を行うことが
困難となる（図８に（ａ）として示す）。However, the above-mentioned regeneration method has a problem that the filter cannot be regenerated unless the fuel supply amount is sufficiently reduced under operating conditions where the exhaust temperature is particularly low, such as during idling. this is,
When the exhaust gas temperature is low, the fuel supply amount required to raise the exhaust gas temperature is large, and the latent heat of vaporization is also correspondingly large. Therefore, the wall surface temperature of the partial heater 2 is lowered and it is necessary to activate the catalyst. The amount of heat cannot be obtained, which makes it difficult to regenerate the filter (shown as (a) in FIG. 8).
【０００７】そこで、部分加熱ヒータ２の壁面温度が低
下しないように、燃料供給量を十分に少なくし、さらに
供給量を増加させる場合も十分にゆっくり増加させるよ
うな設定としなければならないが（図８（ｂ））、再生
に長い時間がかかり、実用的ではない。これを避けるに
は、部分加熱ヒータ２への電力供給量を増大させる必要
があり、経済性に問題がある。Therefore, in order to prevent the wall surface temperature of the partial heater 2 from decreasing, it is necessary to set the fuel supply amount to a sufficiently small amount and to set the fuel amount to increase slowly even when the supply amount is increased (Fig. 8 (b)), it takes a long time for reproduction and is not practical. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to increase the amount of electric power supplied to the partial heating heater 2, which causes a problem in economy.
【０００８】しかして、本発明は、アイドリング時な
ど、排気温度が特に低い運転条件においても、再生に長
時間を要したり、電力供給量を増大させることなく、フ
ィルタの再生を良好に行うことのできる内燃機関の排気
微粒子浄化装置を提供することにある。Therefore, according to the present invention, even under an operating condition where the exhaust gas temperature is particularly low, such as during idling, the filter can be regenerated satisfactorily without requiring a long time for regeneration or increasing the power supply amount. It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine that can be realized.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１の構成におい
て、内燃機関の微粒子浄化装置は、内燃機関の排気流路
途中に設けられて排気中に含まれる微粒子を捕集する触
媒担持フィルタの、排気の流れに対して上流側に触媒コ
ンバータを有し、該触媒コンバータには排気温度が触媒
活性化温度よりも低い運転条件でフィルタの再生を行う
時に電気的に発熱して上記触媒コンバータの触媒を部分
的に活性化することのできる部分加熱ヒータが付設され
ている。また、浄化装置は、上記触媒コンバータより上
流側の排気流路中に未燃焼の燃料を供給する燃料供給手
段と、燃料供給量の制御手段を備え、制御手段は、上記
触媒コンバータの触媒活性状態に基づいて、燃料供給量
を、触媒の活性状態が安定するまでは活性化した触媒が
活性状態を維持できる程度の少量とし、その後、燃料供
給量を増加させるように制御するようになしてある（請
求項１）。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a particulate purification device for an internal combustion engine, comprising a catalyst-carrying filter provided in the exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine for collecting particulates contained in exhaust gas, A catalytic converter is provided upstream of the flow of exhaust gas, and the catalytic converter electrically generates heat when the filter is regenerated under operating conditions in which the exhaust gas temperature is lower than the catalyst activation temperature, and the catalytic converter has a catalytic converter. Is provided with a partial heating heater capable of partially activating. Further, the purification device includes a fuel supply means for supplying unburned fuel into the exhaust flow passage upstream of the catalytic converter, and a fuel supply amount control means, and the control means is a catalyst activation state of the catalytic converter. Based on the above, the fuel supply amount is set to a small amount such that the activated catalyst can maintain the activated state until the activated state of the catalyst stabilizes, and thereafter, the fuel supply amount is controlled to increase. (Claim 1).
【００１０】フィルタの再生は、内燃機関が高回転、高
負荷の運転条件にあるときのように、排気温度が触媒活
性化温度以上の場合には、燃料供給手段によって排気流
路中に未燃焼の燃料を供給すれば、燃料が触媒によって
酸化されるため、その酸化反応熱によってフィルタ上に
堆積した微粒子を加熱、燃焼させることができる。とこ
ろが、内燃機関が低回転、低負荷の運転条件にあるとき
のように、排気温度が触媒活性化温度よりも低い場合に
は、燃料を供給しても触媒が活性化していないため、燃
料が酸化されず、フィルタの再生ができない。When the exhaust gas temperature is higher than the catalyst activation temperature, such as when the internal combustion engine is operating under high rotation speed and high load, the filter is regenerated by the fuel supply means so as not to burn the exhaust gas. When the above fuel is supplied, the fuel is oxidized by the catalyst, and the heat of oxidation reaction can heat and burn the particulates deposited on the filter. However, when the exhaust gas temperature is lower than the catalyst activation temperature, such as when the internal combustion engine is operating at low rotation speed and low load, the catalyst is not activated even if the fuel is supplied, so the fuel is It is not oxidized and the filter cannot be regenerated.
【００１１】このようなとき、本発明請求項１の構成で
は、触媒担持フィルタ上流側の触媒コンバータに付設さ
れる部分加熱ヒータに電力を供給して、ヒータ近傍の触
媒を加熱し、触媒コンバータの触媒を部分的に活性化す
る。部分加熱ヒータの温度が安定したところで、燃料供
給手段によって、ヒータ近傍の触媒温度が活性化温度よ
りも低くならない程度の少量の燃料を供給すると、燃料
が部分的に活性化した触媒で酸化され、その反応熱を受
けて触媒活性化領域が次第に広がる。ここで、燃料供給
量は、一度活性化した触媒が活性状態を維持できる程度
の少量に制御されているので、部分加熱ヒータの壁面温
度を低下させることなく、活性化領域を徐々に広げて、
触媒コンバータからフィルタの一部にまで拡大すること
ができる。In such a case, in the structure of claim 1 of the present invention, electric power is supplied to the partial heating heater attached to the catalytic converter on the upstream side of the catalyst-carrying filter to heat the catalyst in the vicinity of the heater, and the catalytic converter is heated. Partially activate the catalyst. When the temperature of the partial heating heater is stable, the fuel supply means supplies a small amount of fuel to the extent that the catalyst temperature in the vicinity of the heater does not become lower than the activation temperature, and the fuel is oxidized by the partially activated catalyst, The catalyst activation region gradually expands in response to the reaction heat. Here, since the fuel supply amount is controlled to a small amount that the catalyst once activated can maintain the active state, the activation region is gradually widened without lowering the wall surface temperature of the partial heating heater,
It can be extended from the catalytic converter to part of the filter.
【００１２】触媒の活性状態が安定したところで、燃料
供給量を増加させていくと、燃料は広がった触媒活性化
領域で酸化され、その反応熱を受けてさらに触媒活性化
領域が広がり、最終的にはフィルタ全体の触媒が活性化
される。燃料は触媒コンバータとフィルタ全体の触媒で
酸化され、この反応熱によってフィルタ上に堆積した微
粒子を着火温度以上に昇温し、燃焼させてフィルタを再
生することができる。When the amount of fuel supplied is increased when the active state of the catalyst is stable, the fuel is oxidized in the expanded catalyst activation area, and the heat of reaction is received to further expand the catalyst activation area, and finally At this time, the catalyst of the entire filter is activated. The fuel is oxidized by the catalyst of the catalytic converter and the catalyst of the entire filter, and the heat of reaction raises the temperature of the particulates deposited on the filter to above the ignition temperature and burns them to regenerate the filter.
【００１３】より具体的には、上記触媒コンバータまた
は触媒担持フィルタの下流側に排気温度を検出する手段
を設け、上記制御手段が、その検出結果に基づいて、触
媒コンバータの触媒が活性状態を維持できる燃料供給量
および活性状態が安定するまでの時間を算出するように
構成すればよい（請求項２）。More specifically, a means for detecting the exhaust gas temperature is provided downstream of the catalytic converter or the catalyst-carrying filter, and the control means maintains the active state of the catalyst of the catalytic converter based on the detection result. The amount of fuel that can be supplied and the time until the active state stabilizes may be calculated (claim 2).
【００１４】さらに、上記制御手段が、触媒の活性状態
が安定したかどうかを上記検出手段で検出される排気温
度が上昇、安定したかどうかで判断し、排気温度の上昇
が安定した時点から燃料供給量を増加させるように設定
すれば（請求項３）、触媒の活性状態が安定するまでの
燃料供給時間をより適切な長さとすることができる。Further, the control means judges whether or not the activation state of the catalyst is stable, based on whether or not the exhaust temperature detected by the detecting means has risen and is stable. If the supply amount is set to be increased (claim 3), the fuel supply time until the active state of the catalyst stabilizes can be made more appropriate.
【００１５】また、上記触媒コンバータは触媒担持部分
が、供給される全燃料を燃焼するに十分な長さを有して
いる構成とすることもできる（請求項４）。このとき、
供給される燃料が全て触媒コンバータ内で燃焼するの
で、触媒担持フィルタ前後での温度差を小さくできる。
これにより、フィルタ内で燃料を燃焼させる構成に比
べ、微粒子の燃え残りを低減・防止でき、また、フィル
タ後方での異常高温などによるフィルタ損傷を防止でき
る利点がある。Further, the catalytic converter may have a structure in which the catalyst supporting portion has a length sufficient to burn all the supplied fuel (claim 4). At this time,
Since all the supplied fuel burns in the catalytic converter, the temperature difference before and after the catalyst-carrying filter can be reduced.
As a result, as compared with the configuration in which the fuel is burned in the filter, there are advantages that it is possible to reduce / prevent the unburned residue of the fine particles and prevent the filter from being damaged due to an abnormally high temperature behind the filter.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の一実施の形態を図
面を参照して説明する。図１において、内燃機関の排気
流路１は、途中に大径部を設けてあって、該大径部内に
排気の流れに対し上流側から触媒コンバータ２、触媒担
持フィルタ３が間隔をおいて配設してある。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, an exhaust passage 1 of an internal combustion engine is provided with a large-diameter portion in the middle thereof, and a catalyst converter 2 and a catalyst-carrying filter 3 are arranged in the large-diameter portion from the upstream side with respect to the flow of exhaust gas. It is provided.
【００１７】上記触媒担持フィルタ３は、例えばコージ
ェライト等の多孔質セラミックよりなり、これにγ−ア
ルミナ等をコーティングした上、ＰｔまたはＰｄ−Ｒｈ
等の酸化触媒を担持させてなる。該フィルタ３は、排気
の流れ方向に多数のセルを有し、これら各セルの、排ガ
ス導入側または導出側のいずれかの端部を千鳥格子状に
閉鎖した構造となしてある。そして、導入された排ガス
が多孔質の隔壁を通して各セル間を流通する間にカーボ
ン粒子等の微粒子を捕集するものである。The catalyst-carrying filter 3 is made of, for example, a porous ceramic such as cordierite, which is coated with γ-alumina or the like, and then Pt or Pd-Rh.
Etc. are supported by an oxidation catalyst. The filter 3 has a large number of cells in the exhaust flow direction, and has a structure in which either end of each of the cells on the exhaust gas introduction side or the exhaust side is closed in a zigzag pattern. Then, the introduced exhaust gas collects fine particles such as carbon particles while flowing between the cells through the porous partition walls.
【００１８】上記触媒コンバータ２は、例えばステンレ
ス鋼等の耐熱性金属箔よりなる帯状の平板と波板を積層
した後、棒状の中心電極周りに渦巻き状に巻き付けてな
るハニカム構造のメタル担体に、γ−アルミナ等をコー
ティングした上、ＰｔまたはＰｄ−Ｒｈ等の酸化触媒を
担持させて構成される。The catalytic converter 2 is constructed by stacking a flat plate and a corrugated plate made of a heat-resistant metal foil such as stainless steel, for example, and then spirally winding them around a rod-shaped center electrode on a metal carrier having a honeycomb structure. It is constituted by coating γ-alumina or the like and then carrying an oxidation catalyst such as Pt or Pd-Rh.
【００１９】上記触媒コンバータ２は、その上流側端部
に、通電により発熱して触媒を部分的に活性化するため
の部分加熱ヒータ２１を有している。上記触媒コンバー
タ２は、メタル担体を構成する平板と波板を、例えばろ
う付け等によって接合し、巻き重ねられた層間を短絡す
るようにした接合領域と、平板と波板を互いに絶縁を保
持するようにして巻き、電流が渦巻き状に流れるように
した非接合領域とからなり、このうち接合領域では電流
が短絡して流れるため電気抵抗が小さく、電気抵抗が大
きい非接合領域において集中的に発熱を生じる。従っ
て、部分加熱ヒータ２１を形成する部分が非接合領域と
なるように上記メタル担体を形成すれば、触媒コンバー
タ２の一部に容易に部分加熱ヒータ２１を設けることが
でき、中心電極から外周の環状電極の間に通電すること
により、部分加熱ヒータ２１が発熱して周辺の触媒を加
熱し、活性化することができる。The catalytic converter 2 has a partial heater 21 at its upstream end for generating heat by energization to partially activate the catalyst. The catalytic converter 2 maintains insulation between the flat plate and the corrugated plate, which form a metal carrier, by joining, for example, by brazing to short-circuit the stacked layers, and the flat plate and the corrugated plate. In this way, the non-junction area is formed so that the electric current flows in a spiral shape. The electric current is short-circuited in the non-junction area and the electric resistance is small. Cause Therefore, if the metal carrier is formed so that the portion where the partial heater 21 is formed is the non-bonding region, the partial heater 21 can be easily provided in a part of the catalytic converter 2, and the central electrode and the outer periphery can be provided. By energizing between the annular electrodes, the partial heater 21 generates heat to heat and activate the surrounding catalyst.
【００２０】ここで、部分加熱ヒータ２１は上記触媒コ
ンバータ２の上流側端面全面に設ける必要はなく、その
一部、例えば全体に斑点状に設置してもよく、少量の電
力でその周辺の触媒を部分的に活性化して早期に燃料の
酸化反応を行うことができる。Here, the partial heater 21 does not have to be provided on the entire upstream end surface of the catalytic converter 2, but may be provided in a spot form, for example, in a spot form, and the catalyst around the heater can be provided with a small amount of electric power. Can be partially activated and an oxidation reaction of fuel can be performed early.
【００２１】また、上記触媒コンバータ２の担体とし
て、コージェライト等の多孔質セラミックをハニカム状
に成形したセラミック担体を用い、その上流側端部の適
当箇所にカンタル線等を固定支持させて、上記部分加熱
ヒータ２１を形成することもできる。Further, as the carrier of the catalytic converter 2, a ceramic carrier formed by forming a porous ceramic such as cordierite into a honeycomb shape is used, and a kanthal wire or the like is fixedly supported at an appropriate position at the upstream end thereof, The partial heater 21 can also be formed.
【００２２】上記触媒コンバータ２よりさらに上流側の
排気流路１は、直角に屈曲せしめてあって、上記部分加
熱ヒータ２１に対向する上記直角部の排気流路１壁に、
燃料供給手段たる燃料噴射弁４が設けてある。該燃料噴
射弁４は図略の燃料供給系に接続されている。また、上
記触媒コンバータ２と、上記触媒担持フィルタ３の間に
は、サーミスタ等よりなる温度センサ５が設置されてお
り、上記触媒コンバータ２通過後の排気温度を測定でき
るようにしてある。なお、温度センサ５を上記触媒担持
フィルタ３の下流側に設置する構成としてもよい。The exhaust passage 1 upstream of the catalytic converter 2 is bent at a right angle, and the exhaust passage 1 wall of the right-angled portion facing the partial heater 21 is
A fuel injection valve 4 as a fuel supply means is provided. The fuel injection valve 4 is connected to a fuel supply system (not shown). Further, a temperature sensor 5 composed of a thermistor or the like is installed between the catalytic converter 2 and the catalyst carrying filter 3 so that the exhaust gas temperature after passing through the catalytic converter 2 can be measured. The temperature sensor 5 may be installed on the downstream side of the catalyst-carrying filter 3.
【００２３】上記部分加熱ヒータ２１、燃料噴射弁４、
温度センサ５は、制御手段たるコントローラ６に接続さ
れており、温度センサ５で測定される排気温度に基づい
て、部分加熱ヒータ２１への通電、燃料噴射弁４による
燃料の供給を制御できるようにしてある。The partial heating heater 21, the fuel injection valve 4,
The temperature sensor 5 is connected to a controller 6, which is a control means, so that energization of the partial heating heater 21 and supply of fuel by the fuel injection valve 4 can be controlled based on the exhaust gas temperature measured by the temperature sensor 5. There is.
【００２４】図２に、上記構成の微粒子浄化装置におけ
る燃料供給量の制御方法を示す。フィルタの再生開始
時、上記温度センサ５の測定結果から排気温度が触媒活
性化温度よりも低いと判断すると、コントローラ６から
の信号により、上記部分加熱ヒータ２１に電力を供給
し、上記触媒コンバータ２に担持された触媒を部分的に
活性化させる（図２（ａ））。FIG. 2 shows a method of controlling the fuel supply amount in the particulate purification apparatus having the above-mentioned structure. When it is judged from the measurement result of the temperature sensor 5 that the exhaust gas temperature is lower than the catalyst activation temperature at the start of regeneration of the filter, electric power is supplied to the partial heating heater 21 by the signal from the controller 6, and the catalytic converter 2 The catalyst supported on the substrate is partially activated (FIG. 2 (a)).
【００２５】次に、コントローラ６が排気流量またはエ
ンジン回転数、排気温度から、触媒コンバータ２の触媒
活性化領域の壁面温度が、供給した燃料の蒸発潜熱のた
めに触媒活性化温度以下とならない燃料供給量Ｆを算出
する。そして、この燃料供給量Ｆの燃料を、予め決めら
れた時間Ｔｓだけ燃料噴射弁４から排気流路１内に供給
する。ここで、燃料供給時間Ｔｓは、燃料供給量Ｆの燃
料が燃焼して発生する反応熱により、触媒コンバータ２
の温度が上昇、安定するまでの時間以上となるようにす
る。Next, the controller 6 determines that the wall temperature of the catalyst activation region of the catalytic converter 2 does not fall below the catalyst activation temperature due to the latent heat of vaporization of the supplied fuel from the exhaust flow rate, the engine speed, and the exhaust temperature. The supply amount F is calculated. Then, the fuel of the fuel supply amount F is supplied from the fuel injection valve 4 into the exhaust passage 1 for a predetermined time Ts. Here, the fuel supply time Ts depends on the reaction heat generated when the fuel of the fuel supply amount F burns.
It takes longer than the time until the temperature rises and stabilizes.
【００２６】触媒コンバータ２の温度が安定した後は、
さらに多くの燃料を供給しても、その温度を触媒活性化
温度以上に維持できるので、その後、徐々に燃料供給量
を増加させる。これにより、触媒活性化領域を触媒コン
バータ２の全体とフィルタ３の一部にまで拡大する（図
２（ｂ））。そしてさらに、燃料供給量を、触媒活性化
温度を維持できる程度の予め決められた割合で増加させ
ていくと、触媒活性化領域を、触媒コンバータ２とフィ
ルタ３の大部分に拡大することができる（図２
（ｃ））。After the temperature of the catalytic converter 2 is stabilized,
Even if more fuel is supplied, the temperature can be maintained above the catalyst activation temperature, so that the fuel supply amount is gradually increased thereafter. As a result, the catalyst activation area is expanded to the entire catalytic converter 2 and a part of the filter 3 (FIG. 2 (b)). Further, when the fuel supply amount is increased at a predetermined rate such that the catalyst activation temperature can be maintained, the catalyst activation area can be expanded to most of the catalytic converter 2 and the filter 3. (Fig. 2
(C)).
【００２７】これ以後は、燃料供給量を、排気微粒子の
燃焼温度に昇温できる量まで、それまでと同じ割合で増
しても、または直ちに増加しても、触媒活性化温度を下
回ることはない。そして、供給される燃料は、触媒コン
バータ２とフィルタ３内で酸化され、この反応熱により
フィルタ３上に堆積している排気微粒子を着火温度以上
にし、燃焼させてフィルタを再生することができる。After that, even if the fuel supply amount is increased to the amount capable of raising the combustion temperature of the exhaust particulates at the same rate as before, or immediately increases, it does not fall below the catalyst activation temperature. . Then, the supplied fuel is oxidized in the catalytic converter 2 and the filter 3, and the exhaust heat particulates deposited on the filter 3 are heated to the ignition temperature or higher by the reaction heat and burned to regenerate the filter.
【００２８】図３に本発明の第２の実施の形態における
燃料供給量の制御方法を示す。本実施の形態では、上記
図１の装置構成において、コントローラ６による燃料供
給量Ｆの供給時間の制御を、触媒コンバータ２の下流に
設置した温度センサ５の出力を利用して行うものであ
る。FIG. 3 shows a fuel supply amount control method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the controller 6 controls the supply time of the fuel supply amount F by using the output of the temperature sensor 5 installed downstream of the catalytic converter 2 in the device configuration of FIG.
【００２９】すなわち、上記第１の実施の形態同様にし
て燃料供給量Ｆの燃料供給を開始した後（図３
（ａ））、燃料供給により触媒活性化領域が広がってい
くが、ここで触媒コンバータ２の温度が安定したかどう
かを温度センサ５の出力が上昇、安定したかどうかによ
り推定する。そして、触媒コンバータ２の温度が安定、
すなわち触媒活性化領域の拡大が安定したと判断した
ら、その時点から、燃料供給量をさらに増加させる。以
後、上記第１の実施の形態と同様にフィルタの再生を行
うものである（図３（ｂ）、（ｃ））。That is, after the fuel supply of the fuel supply amount F is started in the same manner as in the first embodiment (FIG. 3).
(A)) The catalyst activation region expands due to the fuel supply, and it is estimated here whether the temperature of the catalytic converter 2 is stable or not based on whether the output of the temperature sensor 5 is increased or stabilized. And the temperature of the catalytic converter 2 is stable,
That is, if it is determined that the expansion of the catalyst activation region has stabilized, the fuel supply amount is further increased from that point. After that, the filter is regenerated similarly to the first embodiment (FIGS. 3B and 3C).
【００３０】このように制御することにより、上記第１
の実施の形態よりもさらに触媒コンバータ２の温度を安
定化させるまでの燃料供給時間ｔを適切な長さにでき、
むだに長い時間、燃料を供給することがなくなるという
利点がある。By controlling in this way, the first
The fuel supply time t until the temperature of the catalytic converter 2 is further stabilized can be set to an appropriate length as compared with the above embodiment,
There is an advantage that the fuel is not supplied for a long time.
【００３１】図４に本発明の第３の実施の形態における
微粒子浄化装置の構成を示す。本実施の形態では、部分
加熱ヒータ２１を有する触媒コンバータ２の長さをごく
短くし、その下流に燃料供給範囲において全燃料を燃焼
するに十分な長さを有する触媒コンバータ７を設けてお
り、主にこの触媒コンバータ７内で排気を昇温するよう
になしてある。なお、上記触媒コンバータ２と触媒コン
バータ７とは、必ずしも別体とする必要はなく、触媒コ
ンバータ２の触媒担持部が必要な十分な長さとなるよう
に構成してもよい。FIG. 4 shows the structure of a particle purifying apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the length of the catalytic converter 2 having the partial heater 21 is made extremely short, and the catalytic converter 7 having a length sufficient to burn all the fuel in the fuel supply range is provided downstream thereof. The temperature of the exhaust gas is mainly raised in the catalytic converter 7. The catalytic converter 2 and the catalytic converter 7 do not necessarily have to be separate bodies, and the catalyst supporting portion of the catalytic converter 2 may have a necessary and sufficient length.
【００３２】このような構成においても、触媒コンバー
タの活性状態に基づいた燃料供給量の制御が有効であ
り、図５にその燃料供給量の制御方法を示す。上記構成
において、フィルタ３の再生開始時、温度センサ５によ
り排気温度が触媒活性化温度よりも低いと判断すると、
コントローラ６からの信号により上記部分加熱ヒータ２
１に電力を供給し、担持される触媒を部分的に活性化さ
せる。Even in such a configuration, the control of the fuel supply amount based on the active state of the catalytic converter is effective, and FIG. 5 shows a method of controlling the fuel supply amount. In the above configuration, when the temperature sensor 5 determines that the exhaust temperature is lower than the catalyst activation temperature when the regeneration of the filter 3 is started,
Based on a signal from the controller 6, the partial heater 2
1 is powered to partially activate the supported catalyst.
【００３３】次に、コントローラ６が排気流量またはエ
ンジン回転数、排気温度から、触媒コンバータ２の触媒
活性化領域の壁面温度が、供給した燃料の蒸発潜熱のた
めに触媒活性化温度以下とならない燃料供給量Ｆを算出
し、燃料供給を開始する（図５（ａ））。そして、この
燃料供給量Ｆの燃料を予め決められた時間Ｔｓだけ燃料
供給装置から供給する。これにより触媒コンバータ２の
温度が上昇し、さらに多くの燃料を供給しても触媒コン
バータ２の温度は触媒活性化温度以上を維持できるよう
になる。Next, the controller 6 determines that the wall temperature of the catalyst activation area of the catalytic converter 2 does not fall below the catalyst activation temperature due to the latent heat of vaporization of the supplied fuel from the exhaust flow rate, the engine speed, and the exhaust temperature. The supply amount F is calculated and the fuel supply is started (FIG. 5 (a)). Then, the fuel of the fuel supply amount F is supplied from the fuel supply device for a predetermined time Ts. As a result, the temperature of the catalytic converter 2 rises, and even if more fuel is supplied, the temperature of the catalytic converter 2 can be maintained above the catalyst activation temperature.
【００３４】そこで、徐々に予め決められた勾配で燃料
供給量を増加させると、触媒コンバータ７の触媒が活性
化し、燃料供給量の増加とともに触媒活性化領域が広が
って（図５（ｂ））、最終的には、触媒コンバータ７全
体の触媒を活性化できる（図５（ｃ））。以後、さらに
燃料供給量をそれまでと同じ割合または直ちに排気微粒
子の燃焼温度に昇温できる量まで増加させると、触媒コ
ンバータ７内で燃料が酸化され、その反応熱によりフィ
ルタに流入する排気温度を煤の燃焼温度以上に昇温し、
フィルタを再生できる。Therefore, when the fuel supply amount is gradually increased with a predetermined gradient, the catalyst of the catalytic converter 7 is activated, and the catalyst activation area is widened as the fuel supply amount is increased (FIG. 5 (b)). Finally, the catalyst of the entire catalytic converter 7 can be activated (FIG. 5 (c)). After that, if the fuel supply amount is further increased to the same ratio as before or to an amount that can immediately raise the temperature to the combustion temperature of exhaust particulates, the fuel is oxidized in the catalytic converter 7 and the exhaust heat flowing into the filter is increased by the reaction heat. The temperature rises above the combustion temperature of soot,
You can play the filter.
【００３５】上記構成では、全燃料を燃焼するに十分な
長さを有する触媒コンバータ７を設けて、主にこの触媒
コンバータ７内で排気を昇温するようにしたので、触媒
担持フィルタ前後での温度差を小さくできる。これによ
り、フィルタ内で燃料を燃焼させる構成に比べ、微粒子
の燃え残りを低減・防止でき、また、フィルタ後方での
異常高温などによるフィルタ損傷を防止できる利点があ
る。In the above construction, the catalytic converter 7 having a sufficient length to burn all the fuel is provided, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is mainly raised in the catalytic converter 7. The temperature difference can be reduced. As a result, as compared with the configuration in which the fuel is burned in the filter, there are advantages that it is possible to reduce / prevent the unburned residue of the fine particles and prevent the filter from being damaged due to an abnormally high temperature behind the filter.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態を示す排気微粒子浄
化装置の全体概略断面図である。FIG. 1 is an overall schematic cross-sectional view of an exhaust particulate purifying apparatus showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】第１の実施の形態における燃料供給量の制御方
法を説明するための図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method of controlling a fuel supply amount according to the first embodiment.
【図３】本発明の第２の実施の形態における燃料供給量
の制御方法を説明するための図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method of controlling a fuel supply amount according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第３の実施の形態を示す排気微粒子浄
化装置の全体概略断面図である。FIG. 4 is an overall schematic cross-sectional view of an exhaust particulate purifying apparatus showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】第３の実施の形態における燃料供給量の制御方
法を説明するための図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method of controlling a fuel supply amount according to the third embodiment.
【図６】従来の排気微粒子浄化装置の全体概略断面図で
ある。FIG. 6 is an overall schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional exhaust particulate purification device.
【図７】従来の燃料供給量の制御方法を説明するための
図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a conventional fuel supply amount control method.
【図８】従来の燃料供給量制御における燃料供給量と時
間の関係を示す図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between a fuel supply amount and time in the conventional fuel supply amount control.
１ 排気流路 ２ 触媒コンバータ ２１ 部分加熱ヒータ ３ 触媒担持フィルタ ４ 燃料噴射弁（燃料供給手段） ５ 温度センサ（検出手段） ６ コントローラ ７ 触媒コンバータ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exhaust flow passage 2 Catalytic converter 21 Partial heater 3 Catalyst loading filter 4 Fuel injection valve (fuel supply means) 5 Temperature sensor (detection means) 6 Controller 7 Catalytic converter
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｆ０２Ｄ 43/00 ３０１ Ｆ０２Ｄ 43/00 ３０１ＴContinuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl.6 Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location F02D 43/00 301 F02D 43/00 301T
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8053913AJPH09222009A (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1996-02-15 | Exhaust particulate purifying device for internal combustion engine |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8053913AJPH09222009A (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1996-02-15 | Exhaust particulate purifying device for internal combustion engine |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09222009Atrue JPH09222009A (en) | 1997-08-26 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8053913AWithdrawnJPH09222009A (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1996-02-15 | Exhaust particulate purifying device for internal combustion engine |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination | Free format text:JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date:20030506 |