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JPH09143168A - Production of 2,3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative and 3,6-diamino-2,5-pyrazinedicarbonitrile - Google Patents

Production of 2,3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative and 3,6-diamino-2,5-pyrazinedicarbonitrile

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Publication number
JPH09143168A
JPH09143168AJP32799695AJP32799695AJPH09143168AJP H09143168 AJPH09143168 AJP H09143168AJP 32799695 AJP32799695 AJP 32799695AJP 32799695 AJP32799695 AJP 32799695AJP H09143168 AJPH09143168 AJP H09143168A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hydrogen cyanide
derivative
diamino
reaction
daan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP32799695A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Michinori Takebayashi
道典 武林
Atsushi Yanagisawa
篤 柳沢
Hiroshi Takahashi
弘 高橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Soda Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Soda Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Soda Co LtdfiledCriticalNippon Soda Co Ltd
Priority to JP32799695ApriorityCriticalpatent/JPH09143168A/en
Publication of JPH09143168ApublicationCriticalpatent/JPH09143168A/en
Pendinglegal-statusCriticalCurrent

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inexpensively and simply obtain a derivative useful as an intermediate for medicines, agrochemicals, etc., and the subject nitrile useful as a fluorochrome, etc., by reacting thiols with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a base. SOLUTION: Hydrogen cyanide is reacted with a compound of the formula, RSH (R is an aryl, an alkyl, an aralkyl or an alkenyl) to provide 2,3- diaminoacrylonitrile (DAAN) derivative of formula I. Then, the resultant derivative is reacted under acidic conditions without isolating the resultant derivative to provide 3,6-diamino-2,5-pyrazinedicarbonitrile (SDPK). The reaction for producing DAAN is carried out in the presence of a base and the base is used in an amount of preferably 0.1-2mol equivalent based on thiols. For example, hydrogen cyanide is added to thiophenol, acetonitrile or triethylamine to provide 2,3-diamino-3-(phenylthio)acrylonitrile, which can be then converted to SDPK.

Description

Translated fromJapanese
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、医薬、農薬等の中
間体として有用な、一般式〔1〕
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a compound represented by the general formula [1] which is useful as an intermediate for medicines, agricultural chemicals and the like.

【0002】[0002]

【化3】Embedded image

【0003】(式中、Rはアリール基、アルキル基、ア
ラルキル基またはアルケニル基を示す。)で表される
2,3−ジアミノアクリロニトリル誘導体(以下DAA
Nと言う)の製造方法および3,6−ジアミノ−2,5
−ピラジンジカルボニトリル(以下、SDPKと言う)
の製造方法に関する。SDPKは、医薬、農薬等の含窒
素化合物の中間体として有用なばかりではなく、それ自
身(蛍光)色素として有用であり、また、蛍光染料、光
変換材料及びプテリジン誘導体等の合成中間体としても
有用な化合物である。
(In the formula, R represents an aryl group, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group.) 2,3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative (hereinafter referred to as DAA)
N) and 3,6-diamino-2,5
-Pyrazine dicarbonitrile (hereinafter referred to as SDPK)
And a method for producing the same. SDPK is not only useful as an intermediate for nitrogen-containing compounds such as pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, but also as a (fluorescent) dye itself, and also as a synthetic intermediate for fluorescent dyes, photoconversion materials and pteridine derivatives. It is a useful compound.

【0004】[0004]

【従来の技術】従来一般式〔1〕2. Description of the Related Art Conventional general formula [1]

【0005】[0005]

【化4】Embedded image

【0006】(式中Rは前記と同一の意味を示す。)で
表される2,3−ジアミノアクリロニトリル誘導体(以
下、DAANと言う)は下記反応式に示される方法に従
って、製造されていた(WO88/01264)。
The 2,3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative represented by the formula (wherein R has the same meaning as described above) (hereinafter referred to as DAAN) was produced according to the method shown in the following reaction formula ( WO88 / 01264).

【0007】[0007]

【化5】Embedded image

【0008】[0008]

【化6】すなわち、シアン化水素とジスルフィド類とを反応させ
るか、又は高価な2−アミノマロノニトリルとジスルフ
ィド類、チオール類あるいはチオ酢酸エステル類との反
応により製造されていた。
[Chemical 6] That is, it is produced by reacting hydrogen cyanide with disulfides or by reacting expensive 2-aminomalononitrile with disulfides, thiols or thioacetic acid esters.

【0009】一方、SDPKはフリーのDAANに酸を
用いて処理することにより製造されていた(WO91/
03469、特開平7−258225)
On the other hand, SDPK was produced by treating free DAAN with an acid (WO91 /
03469, JP-A-7-258225).

【0010】[0010]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来、SDPKの製造
は、シアン化水素とジスルフィド類からDAANを製造
する第一工程、次いで二分子のDAANの酸化的二量化
反応によってSDPKを製造する第二工程から成り、2
つの反応は段階的あるいは連続的に行われていた。しか
しジスルフィド類は比較的高価なため、工業的な原料と
して不利であるという問題点を抱えていた。このような
問題点を解決するため、ジスルフィド類に代わる安価な
原料が望まれていた。
Conventionally, the production of SDPK comprises a first step for producing DAAN from hydrogen cyanide and disulfides, and then a second step for producing SDPK by oxidative dimerization reaction of two molecules of DAAN. Two
One reaction was carried out stepwise or continuously. However, since disulfides are relatively expensive, they are disadvantageous as industrial raw materials. In order to solve such a problem, an inexpensive raw material that replaces the disulfides has been desired.

【0011】[0011]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明はシアン化水素と
一般式RSH(Rは前記と同じ意味を示す。)で表され
るチオール類とを反応させることを特徴とするDAAN
の製造方法およびDAANを単離することなく酸性条件
下で反応させることを特徴とするSDPKの製造方法で
ある。
The present invention is characterized by reacting hydrogen cyanide with a thiol represented by the general formula RSH (R has the same meaning as described above).
And a method for producing SDPK, which comprises reacting DAAN under acidic conditions without isolation.

【0012】[0012]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の反応はチオール類とシア
ン化水素とを塩基の存在下有機溶媒中又は無溶媒で反応
させDAANを製造する。さらに、DAANを単離する
ことなく、塩基除去後、酸を添加し、空気雰囲気中反応
を行なうことによってSDPKを製造する。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the reaction of the present invention, DAAN is produced by reacting a thiol with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a base in an organic solvent or without a solvent. Further, without isolating DAAN, after removing the base, an acid is added and the reaction is carried out in an air atmosphere to produce SDPK.

【0013】第一工程の反応ではジスルフィド類の副生
を抑えるため、窒素ガス等の不活性ガス雰囲気中で行う
必要がある。反応溶媒は、条件によっては使用しなくて
もよいが、使用する場合には酢酸エチルや酢酸ブチル等
のエステル類、アセトニトリル等のニトリル類、ジメト
キシエタン(DME)やテトラヒドロフラン(THF)
等のエーテル類、ベンゼンやトルエンやキシレン等の炭
化水素類、ジクロロメタンやクロロホルム等のハロゲン
化炭化水素類、メタノールやエタノール等のアルコール
類、ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、ジメチルアセト
アミド(DMAC)、N−メチルピロリジノン(NM
P)あるいはジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)が使用
できる。塩基としてはトリメチルアミン、ジメチルエチ
ルアミン、トリエチルアミン、ピリジンあるいは1,8
−ジアザビシクロ〔5.4.0〕−7−ウンデセン(D
BU)等の有機塩基、ナトリウムまたはカリウムのシア
ン化物、水酸化物あるいは炭酸塩等の無機塩基が使用で
きる。
In the reaction of the first step, it is necessary to carry out the reaction in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen gas in order to suppress the by-production of disulfides. The reaction solvent may not be used depending on the conditions, but when it is used, esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, nitriles such as acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane (DME) and tetrahydrofuran (THF)
, Ethers such as benzene, hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAC), N-methyl Pyrrolidinone (NM
P) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can be used. As the base, trimethylamine, dimethylethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine or 1,8
-Diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (D
BU) and other organic bases, and sodium or potassium cyanide, inorganic bases such as hydroxides and carbonates can be used.

【0014】反応における塩基量は反応条件によって大
きく異なるが、チオール類に対し、0.1から2モル当
量の範囲で使用する。反応温度は0〜50℃好ましくは
20〜40℃の範囲が適しており、大気圧下で反応を行
なう。
The amount of base in the reaction varies greatly depending on the reaction conditions, but it is used in the range of 0.1 to 2 molar equivalents relative to the thiols. The reaction temperature is suitably in the range of 0 to 50 ° C, preferably 20 to 40 ° C, and the reaction is carried out under atmospheric pressure.

【0015】チオール類を完全に消費しDAANにする
にはシアン化水素は最低チオール類に対し3モル当量必
要となる。反応を円滑に進めるためには3モル当量以上
が必要で、3〜6モル当量の範囲が適している。
In order to completely consume the thiols and turn them into DAAN, hydrogen cyanide is required to be 3 molar equivalents with respect to the minimum thiols. In order to proceed the reaction smoothly, 3 molar equivalents or more are necessary, and the range of 3 to 6 molar equivalents is suitable.

【0016】塩基の除去は蒸留によって留去するか水洗
あるいは酸洗浄することにより行なう。塩基が残ってい
ると次のSDPK製造において収率低下をもたらすので
十分取除く必要がある。蒸留の場合、温度を上げ過ぎる
とDAANが分解する恐れがあるので、40℃以下の温
度で留去できるよう減圧下で行うのが望ましい。その際
用いた塩基と共沸する溶媒を加えて共沸留去すればさら
に効果的である。水洗の場合は1ないし数回行ない、酸
洗浄の場合は使用した塩基を中和するのに必要な量の酸
を用いて行なう。酸洗浄に用いる酸としては例えば塩酸
が使用でき、濃塩酸でも適当に薄めた希塩酸でも使用で
きる。酸洗浄の場合は中和熱が出るのでDAANの分解
を押さえるため40℃以下、好ましくは20℃以下で行
なう。又、反応溶媒が水溶性の場合は非水溶性の有機溶
媒を添加する必要がある。
The base is removed by distilling it off, or by washing with water or acid. If the base remains, it causes a decrease in yield in the next production of SDPK, and therefore needs to be sufficiently removed. In the case of distillation, if the temperature is raised too high, DAAN may be decomposed, so it is desirable to carry out the distillation under reduced pressure so that the distillation can be carried out at a temperature of 40 ° C. or lower. It is more effective to add an azeotropic solvent with the base used at that time and distill off azeotropically. The washing with water is carried out once or several times, and the washing with an acid is carried out using an amount of acid necessary for neutralizing the used base. As the acid used for the acid washing, for example, hydrochloric acid can be used, and either concentrated hydrochloric acid or appropriately diluted dilute hydrochloric acid can be used. In the case of acid washing, heat of neutralization is generated, and therefore it is carried out at 40 ° C. or lower, preferably 20 ° C. or lower to suppress decomposition of DAAN. When the reaction solvent is water-soluble, it is necessary to add a water-insoluble organic solvent.

【0017】DAANからSDPKを製造する際に用い
られる溶媒としては、前反応で用いた有機溶媒、もし水
溶性なら水洗あるいは酸洗浄したときに添加した非水溶
性の有機溶媒が基本溶媒となるが、以下の溶媒が使用で
きる。酢酸エチルや酢酸ブチル等のエステル類、アセト
ニトリル等のニトリル類、DMEやTHF等のエーテル
類、ベンゼンやトルエンやキシレン等の炭化水素類、ク
ロロホルムやジクロロメタン等のハロゲン化炭化水素
類、メタノールやエタノール等のアルコール類、DMF
やDMACやNMP等のアミド類、DMSOあるいは水
が使用でき、これらは混合して使ってもよい。
As the solvent used for producing SDPK from DAAN, the basic solvent is the organic solvent used in the previous reaction and, if water-soluble, the water-insoluble organic solvent added when washing with water or acid. The following solvents can be used. Esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, nitriles such as acetonitrile, ethers such as DME and THF, hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and dichloromethane, methanol and ethanol, etc. Alcohols, DMF
And amides such as DMAC and NMP, DMSO or water can be used, and these may be mixed and used.

【0018】酸としては無機酸、有機酸等たいていの酸
は使用可能だがピクリン酸、トリクロロ酢酸等を使用す
るのが好ましい。酸の量としては有機溶媒中ではDAA
Nに対し0.1から1モル当量好ましくは0.2から
0.6モル当量の範囲が適しており、水中の場合は酸性
度(pH)が2から5、好ましくは3から4の範囲が適
している。反応温度は室温付近の10〜40℃が適して
いる。また、本反応は酸化的二量化の縮合反応と考えら
れる。したがって、系を酸化的な雰囲気にする必要があ
る。空気と接触させるだけでよいが、積極的に空気や酸
素を吹き込んだほうが望ましい。
As the acid, most acids such as inorganic acids and organic acids can be used, but picric acid, trichloroacetic acid and the like are preferably used. The amount of acid is DAA in organic solvent.
A range of 0.1 to 1 molar equivalent, preferably 0.2 to 0.6 molar equivalent to N is suitable. In the case of water, the acidity (pH) is 2 to 5, preferably 3 to 4 Are suitable. The reaction temperature is preferably 10 to 40 ° C. near room temperature. Further, this reaction is considered to be a condensation reaction of oxidative dimerization. Therefore, it is necessary to make the system an oxidizing atmosphere. It is only necessary to bring it into contact with air, but it is preferable to actively blow air or oxygen.

【0019】本化合物の構造はNMR,IR,Mass
等のデーターや本化合物の誘導体を合成し、単結晶X線
構造解析等から決定した。以下、実施例によって本発明
を更に具体的に説明する。
The structure of this compound is NMR, IR, Mass.
The above data and derivatives of this compound were synthesized and determined by single crystal X-ray structural analysis and the like. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.

【0020】[0020]

【実施例】【Example】

実施例1 窒素雰囲気下、チオフェノール14.3g(130mm
ol)、アセトニトリル5ml、トリエチルアミン5.
1g(37mmol)をフラスコに仕込み、攪拌下約1
0℃に氷冷した。これにシアン化水素18ml(459
mmol)を一時に加えた。時々氷冷しながら25℃で
1時間攪拌した。反応液をHPLCで分析したところ、
2,3−ジアミノ−3−(フェニルチオ)アクリロニト
リルの収率は62.8%であった。
Example 1 14.3 g (130 mm) of thiophenol under a nitrogen atmosphere
ol), acetonitrile 5 ml, triethylamine 5.
Charge 1 g (37 mmol) into a flask and stir about 1
Ice cooled to 0 ° C. 18 ml of hydrogen cyanide (459
mmol) was added at one time. The mixture was stirred at 25 ° C for 1 hour with occasional ice cooling. When the reaction solution was analyzed by HPLC,
The yield of 2,3-diamino-3- (phenylthio) acrylonitrile was 62.8%.

【0021】実施例2 窒素雰囲気下、チオフェノール14.3g(130mm
ol)、トリエチルアミン20.2g(200mmo
l)をフラスコに仕込み、攪拌下約10℃に氷冷した。
これにシアン化水素16ml(408mmol)を一時
に加え、25℃で2時間反応させた後、実施例1と同様
に分析たところ、2,3−ジアミノ−3−(フェニルチ
オ)アクリロニトリルの収率は60.9%であった。
Example 2 14.3 g (130 mm) of thiophenol under a nitrogen atmosphere
ol), 20.2 g of triethylamine (200 mmo
1) was charged into a flask and ice-cooled to about 10 ° C. with stirring.
16 ml (408 mmol) of hydrogen cyanide was added thereto at once, and the mixture was reacted at 25 ° C. for 2 hours and then analyzed in the same manner as in Example 1. The yield of 2,3-diamino-3- (phenylthio) acrylonitrile was 60. It was 9%.

【0022】実施例3 窒素雰囲気下、チオフェノール14.3g(130mm
ol)、トリエチルアミン20.2g(200mmo
l)をフラスコに仕込み、攪拌下約10℃に氷冷した。
これにシアン化水素24ml(612mmol)を一時
に加え、30℃で2時間反応させた後、実施例1と同様
に分析たところ、2,3−ジアミノ−3−(フェニルチ
オ)アクリロニトリルの収率は67.4%であった。
Example 3 14.3 g (130 mm) of thiophenol under a nitrogen atmosphere
ol), 20.2 g of triethylamine (200 mmo
1) was charged into a flask and ice-cooled to about 10 ° C. with stirring.
24 ml (612 mmol) of hydrogen cyanide was added thereto at once, and the mixture was reacted at 30 ° C. for 2 hours, and then analyzed in the same manner as in Example 1, the yield of 2,3-diamino-3- (phenylthio) acrylonitrile was 67. It was 4%.

【0023】実施例4 上記実施例2と同操作でDAANを合成した後、50m
mHgに減圧下、15〜25℃でトリエチルアミンを留
去した。さらにアセトニトリル25mlを加え50mm
Hgに減圧下、15〜25℃でトリエチルアミンを共沸
留去という操作を5回繰り返した後、アセトニトリル2
00ml、トリクロロ酢酸8g(49mmol)を加
え、激しく攪拌しながら4時間反応を行った。析出した
結晶を濾過し、アセトニトリル20ml、ヘキサン10
mlで洗浄、乾燥しSDPK3.9g(24mmol)
を得た。2分子のDAANから1分子のSDPKが生成
することを考慮し、チオフェノールからの通し収率は3
7%。
Example 4 After synthesizing DAAN by the same procedure as in Example 2, 50 m
Triethylamine was distilled off at 15 to 25 ° C. under reduced pressure at mHg. Further add 25 ml of acetonitrile to 50 mm
After repeating the operation of azeotropically distilling off triethylamine at 15 to 25 ° C. under reduced pressure to Hg five times, acetonitrile 2
00 ml and trichloroacetic acid 8 g (49 mmol) were added, and the reaction was carried out for 4 hours with vigorous stirring. The precipitated crystal was filtered, and 20 ml of acetonitrile and 10 hexane were added.
Wash with mL, dry, and SDPK 3.9 g (24 mmol)
I got Considering that one molecule of SDPK is produced from two molecules of DAAN, the through yield from thiophenol is 3
7%.

【0024】実施例5 窒素雰囲気下、チオフェノール2.76g(25.0m
mol)、アセトニトリル10ml、トリエチルアミン
2.53g(25.0mmol)をフラスコに仕込み、
攪拌下約5℃に氷冷した。これにシアン化水素5.9m
l(150mmol)を一時に加えた。30℃に昇温
し、同温度で3.5時間反応した。10℃に冷却し、酢
酸エチル30mlを加え、さらに2規定塩酸13mlを
少しずつ20℃を越えないように加えた。3分間攪拌し
た後、水層を取り除いた。引き続き激しく攪拌しながら
トリクロロ酢酸1.0g(6mmol)を加え、2時間
反応を行なった。析出した結晶をろ取し、酢酸エチル5
mlで3回洗浄した。減圧乾燥後SDPK 0.43g
(2.7mmol)を得た。チオフェノールから通し収
率は22%。
Example 5 2.76 g (25.0 m) of thiophenol under a nitrogen atmosphere
mol), 10 ml of acetonitrile, and 2.53 g (25.0 mmol) of triethylamine were charged in a flask,
It was ice-cooled to about 5 ° C. with stirring. 5.9m of hydrogen cyanide
1 (150 mmol) was added at one time. The temperature was raised to 30 ° C. and the reaction was carried out at the same temperature for 3.5 hours. After cooling to 10 ° C, 30 ml of ethyl acetate was added, and 13 ml of 2N hydrochloric acid was added little by little so that the temperature did not exceed 20 ° C. After stirring for 3 minutes, the aqueous layer was removed. Then, 1.0 g (6 mmol) of trichloroacetic acid was added with vigorous stirring and the reaction was carried out for 2 hours. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, and ethyl acetate 5
Washed 3 times with ml. After drying under reduced pressure SDPK 0.43g
(2.7 mmol) was obtained. 22% yield from thiophenol.

【0025】[0025]

【発明の効果】本発明により、安価にかつ簡便にチオー
ル類からDAANおよびSDPKを工業的に製造するこ
とができる。
Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, DAAN and SDPK can be industrially produced from thiols inexpensively and conveniently.

Claims (2)

Translated fromJapanese
【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]【請求項1】 シアン化水素と一般式RSH(式中、R
はアリール基、アルキル基、アラルキル基またはアルケ
ニル基を示す。)で表される化合物とを反応させること
を特徴とする、一般式〔1〕 【化1】(式中Rは前記と同一の意味を示す。)で表される2,
3−ジアミノアクリロニトリル誘導体の製造方法。
1. Hydrogen cyanide and a general formula RSH (wherein R is
Represents an aryl group, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group. ), A compound represented by the general formula [1] (Wherein R has the same meaning as described above) 2,
Process for producing 3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative.
【請求項2】 シアン化水素と一般式RSH(式中、R
はアリール基、アルキル基、アラルキル基またはアルケ
ニル基を示す。)で表される化合物とを反応させた後、
生成する一般式〔1〕 【化2】(式中Rは前記と同一の意味を示す。)で表される2,
3−ジアミノアクリロニトリル誘導体を単離することな
く酸性条件下で反応させることを特徴とする3,6−ジ
アミノ−2,5−ピラジンジカルボニトリルの製造方
法。
2. Hydrogen cyanide and a general formula RSH (in the formula, R
Represents an aryl group, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group. ) After reacting with the compound represented by
Generated general formula [1] (Wherein R has the same meaning as described above) 2,
A method for producing 3,6-diamino-2,5-pyrazinedicarbonitrile, which comprises reacting a 3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative under acidic conditions without isolation.
JP32799695A1995-11-221995-11-22Production of 2,3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative and 3,6-diamino-2,5-pyrazinedicarbonitrilePendingJPH09143168A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application NumberPriority DateFiling DateTitle
JP32799695AJPH09143168A (en)1995-11-221995-11-22Production of 2,3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative and 3,6-diamino-2,5-pyrazinedicarbonitrile

Publications (1)

Publication NumberPublication Date
JPH09143168Atrue JPH09143168A (en)1997-06-03

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CountryLink
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US8115000B2 (en)2006-06-222012-02-14Mallinckrodt LlcPyrazine derivatives and uses thereof in renal monitoring
US8664392B2 (en)2004-12-232014-03-04Medibeacon, LLCPyrazine derivatives for bioconjugation
US8778309B2 (en)2004-12-232014-07-15Medibeacon LlcFluorescent pyrazine derivatives and methods of using the same in assessing renal function
US9216963B2 (en)2006-06-222015-12-22Medibeacon Inc.Pyrazine derivatives with extended conjugation and methods of using the same in optical applications
KR20230093541A (en)*2015-11-102023-06-27고쿠리쓰다이가쿠호진 규슈다이가쿠Dicyanopyrazine compound, luminescent material, light transmitter using same, and production method for 2,5-dicyano-3,6-dihalogenopyrazine

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US8664392B2 (en)2004-12-232014-03-04Medibeacon, LLCPyrazine derivatives for bioconjugation
US8778309B2 (en)2004-12-232014-07-15Medibeacon LlcFluorescent pyrazine derivatives and methods of using the same in assessing renal function
US9114160B2 (en)2004-12-232015-08-25Medibeacon, LLCPyrazine derivatives and uses thereof in renal monitoring
US9376399B2 (en)2004-12-232016-06-28Medibeacon LlcFluorescent pyrazine derivatives and methods of using the same in assessing renal function
US9480687B2 (en)2004-12-232016-11-01Medibeacon, Inc.Pyrazine derivatives and uses thereof in renal monitoring
USRE47255E1 (en)2004-12-232019-02-26Medibeacon, Inc.Pyrazine derivatives and uses thereof in renal monitoring
USRE47413E1 (en)2004-12-232019-06-04Medibeacon, Inc.Pyrazine derivatives and uses thereof in renal monitoring
US10617687B2 (en)2004-12-232020-04-14Medibeacon Inc.Fluorescent pyrazine derivatives and methods of using the same in assessing renal function
US8115000B2 (en)2006-06-222012-02-14Mallinckrodt LlcPyrazine derivatives and uses thereof in renal monitoring
US9216963B2 (en)2006-06-222015-12-22Medibeacon Inc.Pyrazine derivatives with extended conjugation and methods of using the same in optical applications
US10370362B2 (en)2006-06-222019-08-06Medibeacon Inc.Pyrazine derivatives with extended conjugation and methods of using the same in optical applications
KR20230093541A (en)*2015-11-102023-06-27고쿠리쓰다이가쿠호진 규슈다이가쿠Dicyanopyrazine compound, luminescent material, light transmitter using same, and production method for 2,5-dicyano-3,6-dihalogenopyrazine

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