【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、固体高分子電解質燃料
電池の加湿システムに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a humidification system for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】固体高分子を電解質として用いた燃料電
池は、他の燃料電池と異なり、加湿操作を行なわなけれ
ば、固体高分子が含水せず、イオン導伝性を示さない。
このため、従来の「リン酸型の燃料電池」等では考慮さ
れていなかった「加湿システム」を構成しなければなら
ない。2. Description of the Related Art Unlike other fuel cells, a fuel cell using a solid polymer as an electrolyte does not contain water and does not show ion conductivity unless a humidifying operation is performed.
Therefore, it is necessary to construct a "humidification system" that has not been considered in the conventional "phosphoric acid fuel cell" or the like.
【０００３】従来の「加湿システム」の構成を図４，５
を参照して説明する。図４は直列的に加湿部を配した
「加湿システム」の概略図である。同図中、符号０１は
アノード加湿部，０２はカソード加湿部，０３は燃料電
池，０４は加湿水受熱部，０５はポンプ，０６は放熱
器，０７は排気部、０９は蒸気、０１０は加湿用水の循
環パイプを各々図示する。上記構成において、循環パイ
プ０１０内を循環する加湿用水に、加湿水受熱部０４に
おいて燃料電池０３の反応により発生する熱を与えその
後、アノード加湿部０１とカソード加湿部０２に導くよ
うにして、当該加湿部０１，０２における加湿蒸気量を
増すようにしている。この結果、アノード加湿部０１で
は導入される水素（Ｈ2）に、また一方のカソード加湿
部０２では空気（Ａir）に各々十分に蒸気０９を与える
ようにしている。The structure of a conventional "humidification system" is shown in FIGS.
Will be described with reference to. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a "humidification system" in which humidification units are arranged in series. In the figure, reference numeral 01 is an anode humidifying unit, 02 is a cathode humidifying unit, 03 is a fuel cell, 04 is a humidifying water heat receiving unit, 05 is a pump, 06 is a radiator, 07 is an exhaust unit, 09 is steam, and 010 is humidifying. The circulation pipes for water are respectively shown. In the above-described configuration, heat generated by the reaction of the fuel cell 03 in the humidifying water heat receiving section 04 is applied to the humidifying water circulating in the circulation pipe 010, and then the humidifying water is guided to the anode humidifying section 01 and the cathode humidifying section 02. The amount of humidified steam in the humidifying units 01 and 02 is increased. As a result, the steam (09) is sufficiently supplied to the hydrogen (H2 ) introduced in the anode humidifying section 01 and to the air (Air) in the one cathode humidifying section 02.
【０００４】また、図５に示すように、加湿部０１，０
２を並列的に配した「加湿システム」とするものもあ
る。Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the humidifying section 01,0
There is also a "humidification system" in which two are arranged in parallel.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、加湿方法と
して燃料ガス，酸化剤ガスに蒸気水分に同伴させセルに
供給する方法や直接セルに水を注入する方法等がある
が、いずれも「セル」のアノードおよびカソードを単に
加湿する方法である。By the way, as a humidifying method, there are a method of supplying fuel cells and an oxidant gas with vapor moisture to supply the cells, a method of directly injecting water into the cells, etc. It is a method of simply humidifying the anode and the cathode.
【０００６】ここで、加湿用の水は燃料電池の発電体に
よって発生する反応熱を用いて加熱することによって温
度を維持することが可能となるが、この加熱する際、ア
ノード加湿部０１とカソード加湿部０２からアノード加
湿水，カソード加湿水を、一本の循環パイプ０１０にて
引き出し、燃料電池０３の加湿水受熱部０４にて加熱
し、その後、アノード加湿部０１，カソード加湿部０２
に送る方式とすると、加湿水に含まれる、例えば溶解
分、気泡状態等の燃料ガス、酸化剤ガスが、図４，５
中、Ａ部にて混合され、引火爆発の危険性を有すること
が考えられる。Here, it is possible to maintain the temperature of the humidifying water by heating it by using the reaction heat generated by the power generator of the fuel cell. At the time of heating, the anode humidifying part 01 and the cathode are heated. Anode humidifying water and cathode humidifying water are drawn out by one circulation pipe 010 and heated by the humidifying water heat receiving portion 04 of the fuel cell 03, and thereafter, the anode humidifying portion 01 and the cathode humidifying portion 02.
In the case of the method of sending the fuel gas into the humidification water, for example, dissolved gas, fuel gas such as bubbles, and oxidant gas contained in the humidification water are
It is considered that there is a risk of flammable explosion due to being mixed in the middle and part A.
【０００７】本発明は上記問題に鑑み、固体高分子電解
質燃料電池の加湿をするに際し、安全性が高く信頼の高
いシステム並びに制御の容易な固体高分子電解質燃料電
池の加湿システムを提供することを目的とする。In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a highly safe and reliable system for humidifying a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a humidifying system for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell which is easy to control. To aim.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成する本発
明に係る固体高分子電解質燃料電池の加湿システムの構
成は、固体高分子電解質燃料電池発電体とアノード及び
カソード加湿部と、発電体で発生する反応熱を冷却する
系を備え持つ燃料電池システムにおいて、 加湿部に供給する水が発電体の反応熱で加熱されたも
のであり、且つ アノード加湿部に導入された水と、カソード加湿部に
導入された水とを、混合することなく別々の系統にて制
御することを特徴とする。Means for Solving the Problems The constitution of a humidification system for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention which achieves the above-mentioned object is as follows: In a fuel cell system having a system for cooling the generated reaction heat, the water supplied to the humidification part is heated by the reaction heat of the power generator, and the water introduced into the anode humidification part and the cathode humidification part It is characterized in that the water introduced in the above is controlled by separate systems without being mixed.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】アノード加湿水とカソード加湿水とを混合する
ことなく発電体で発生する反応熱を受け取る系を設け制
御する。Function: A system for receiving reaction heat generated in the power generator without mixing the anode humidifying water and the cathode humidifying water is provided and controlled.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下、本発明の好適な一実施例を説明する。EXAMPLE A preferred example of the present invention will be described below.
【００１１】（実施例１）図１を用いて本発明の第１の
実施例を説明する。図１は加湿ポット（バブラ）を用
い、いわゆる「バブリング方式」により加湿を行うもの
である。(Embodiment 1) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, a humidifying pot (bubbler) is used to perform humidification by a so-called “bubbling method”.
【００１２】図１は本実施例に係る加湿システムの系統
図を示す。同図中、符号１１はアノード加湿部、１２は
カソード加湿部、１３は燃料電池、１４Ａ，１４Ｂは加
湿水受熱部、１５Ａ，１５Ｂはポンプ、１６Ａ，１６Ｂ
は放熱器、１７Ａ，１７Ｂは排気部を図示する。FIG. 1 shows a system diagram of a humidification system according to this embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 11 is an anode humidifying unit, 12 is a cathode humidifying unit, 13 is a fuel cell, 14A and 14B are humidifying water heat receiving units, 15A and 15B are pumps, and 16A and 16B.
Is a radiator, and 17A and 17B are exhaust parts.
【００１３】同図に示すように、本実施例では、加湿部
にて消費した水を供給する加湿用の水（Ｈ2Ｏ）を供給
する水供給管２１が、アノード加湿部１１，カソード加
湿部１２の導入前に途中で分岐され、アノード加湿部１
１とカソード加湿部１２とに各々連結している。この導
入された水は加湿部１１，１２から別々に燃料電池１３
に連結しているアノード用循環パイプ２２及びカソード
用循環パイプ２３より、燃料電池１３内に導かれ、ここ
で加熱された後、各々の循環用パイプ２２，２３を介し
て独立して加湿部１１，１２に導かれ、燃料ガスとして
の水素（Ｈ2）及び空気（Ａir）に蒸気１９を別々に与
えている。As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, the water supply pipe 21 for supplying the water (H2 O) for humidification for supplying the water consumed in the humidifying section has the anode humidifying section 11 and the cathode humidifying section Before the introduction of the section 12, the anode humidifying section 1 is branched in the middle.
1 and the cathode humidifier 12 are connected to each other. The introduced water is separately supplied from the humidifying sections 11 and 12 to the fuel cell 13
After being introduced into the fuel cell 13 from the anode circulation pipe 22 and the cathode circulation pipe 23 which are connected to each other and being heated therein, the humidification section 11 is independently provided via the respective circulation pipes 22 and 23. , 12 to supply the vapor 19 to hydrogen (H2 ) as fuel gas and air (Air) separately.
【００１４】本実施例においては、ガス等に加湿する方
法として「バブリング方式」を用いている。このバブリ
ング方式は図２に示すように、円筒体３１内に液体
（水）３２を充填しておき、この液体３２中に先端部に
例えば多孔質体３３を設けたガス導入管３４を介してガ
ス（Ｈ2orＡir）３５を導入し、該ガス３５が液体３２
内を拡散させることで加湿するようにしている。尚、従
来においては「バブリング方式」を用いて加湿する場合
では、液面管理により気体混合を防いでいたが、システ
ムとして信頼性に欠けていたが、本実施例のように各々
カソード，アノード用の独立の循環系を設けることによ
り、混合の危険性はなくシステムの安全性が強化され
た。In this embodiment, the "bubbling method" is used as a method for humidifying gas or the like. In this bubbling system, as shown in FIG. 2, a liquid (water) 32 is filled in a cylindrical body 31 and a gas introduction pipe 34 having a porous body 33 at the tip thereof is inserted into the liquid 32 via a gas introduction pipe 34. A gas (H2 or Air) 35 is introduced, and the gas 35 is a liquid 32.
We try to humidify by diffusing the inside. Incidentally, in the conventional case, when the "bubbling method" was used for humidification, gas level was prevented by liquid level control, but the system lacked reliability. By providing an independent circulation system in the system, there was no risk of mixing and the safety of the system was enhanced.
【００１５】次に、本システムの作用を説明する。Next, the operation of this system will be described.
【００１６】燃料電池アノードに流れる燃料ガス（水素
等）は、例えば改質器，ボンベ，水素吸蔵合金等から供
給されアノード加湿部（加湿ポット）１１に入り加湿さ
れた後、燃料電池１３に入り消費される。ここで燃料ガ
ス加湿用のアノード加湿水は燃料電池１３で加熱され、
アノード用循環パイプ２２を介してアノード加湿部１１
へ入る。水分の一部は燃料ガスに蒸気として同伴し、燃
料電池アノードの加湿を行う。残りの水はポンプ１５Ａ
にて循環し、再び燃料電池１３に入る。このアノード加
湿水循環系はカソード加湿水循環系とともに燃料電池１
３の冷却系の役割を担っており、加湿に際して余剰の熱
量は放熱器１６Ａによって放熱する。The fuel gas (hydrogen or the like) flowing to the fuel cell anode is supplied from, for example, a reformer, a cylinder, a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, enters the anode humidifying section (humidifying pot) 11 and is then humidified, and then enters the fuel cell 13. Consumed. Here, the anode humidifying water for humidifying the fuel gas is heated by the fuel cell 13,
Anode humidifying unit 11 via the circulation pipe 22 for the anode
Enter Part of the water content is entrained in the fuel gas as vapor to humidify the fuel cell anode. The remaining water is pump 15A
, And enters the fuel cell 13 again. This anode humidification water circulation system is used together with the cathode humidification water circulation system in the fuel cell 1
3 plays a role of a cooling system, and an excessive amount of heat is radiated by the radiator 16A when humidifying.
【００１７】一方、燃料電池カソードに流れる酸化剤ガ
ス（空気等）は、例えばブロワ，ボンベ，コンプレッ
サ，タービン等から供給され、カソード加湿部（加湿ポ
ット）１２に入り加湿された後、燃料電池１３に入る。
カソード加湿水はアノード加湿水と同様な系統でカソー
ドの加湿および燃料電池の冷却を行う。この間、カソー
ド加湿水とアノード加湿水は混合することなく燃料ガ
ス，酸化剤ガスの混合，引火，爆発の危険性は全くな
い。On the other hand, the oxidant gas (air, etc.) flowing to the cathode of the fuel cell is supplied from, for example, a blower, a cylinder, a compressor, a turbine, etc., enters a cathode humidification section (humidification pot) 12, is humidified, and then, is fuel cell 13. to go into.
The cathode humidifying water humidifies the cathode and cools the fuel cell in the same system as the anode humidifying water. During this time, there is no risk of mixing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas, ignition, and explosion without mixing the cathode humidifying water and the anode humidifying water.
【００１８】（実施例２）図３は直接水を注入すること
により加湿を行ういわゆる「直接加湿方式」の概略の系
統図を示す。同図中、符号１１はアノード加湿部、１２
はカソード加湿部、１３は燃料電池、１４Ａ，１４Ｂは
加湿水受熱部、１５Ａ，１５Ｂはポンプ、１６Ａ，１６
Ｂは放熱器、１７Ａ，１７Ｂは排気部、１８Ａ，１８Ｂ
は加湿水気液分離ポットを各々図示する。(Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 is a schematic system diagram of a so-called "direct humidification method" in which humidification is performed by directly injecting water. In the figure, reference numeral 11 is an anode humidifier, 12
Is a cathode humidifier, 13 is a fuel cell, 14A and 14B are humidifying water heat receiving parts, 15A and 15B are pumps, 16A and 16
B is a radiator, 17A and 17B are exhaust parts, 18A and 18B
Shows respective humidification water gas-liquid separation pots.
【００１９】上記構成にて、アノード加湿水，カソード
加湿水は、燃料電池１３内の加湿水受熱部１４Ａ，１４
Ｂにて受熱した後アノード，カソードに供給され、直接
アノード，カソードを加湿し、それぞれ燃料ガス，酸化
剤ガスとともに排出される。この排出された加湿水，ガ
スは、気液分離ポット１８Ａ，１８Ｂにより分離され
る。そして、加湿水はアノード循環用パイプ２２，アノ
ード循環用パイプ２３により別々にポンプ１５Ａ，１５
Ｂ、放熱器１６Ａ，１６Ｂを通り、再び燃料電池１３に
供給される。この間、アノード加湿水とカソード加湿水
はまったく別系統であるため混合する可能性はない。With the above structure, the humidifying water for anode and the humidifying water for cathode are heated by the humidifying water heat receiving portions 14A, 14 in the fuel cell 13.
After heat is received at B, it is supplied to the anode and cathode, directly humidifies the anode and cathode, and is discharged together with the fuel gas and the oxidant gas. The discharged humidifying water and gas are separated by the gas-liquid separation pots 18A and 18B. Then, the humidification water is pumped separately by the anode circulation pipe 22 and the anode circulation pipe 23.
B, the radiators 16A and 16B, and are again supplied to the fuel cell 13. During this time, there is no possibility of mixing the anode humidifying water and the cathode humidifying water because they are completely separate systems.
【００２０】以上説明したように、従来の加湿方法で
は、単にバブラを用いて液面管理だけをすることで気液
混合を防いでおり信頼性に欠けていたが、本方式にする
ことにより、信頼性が向上する。また、一方、膜による
加湿器では気体の圧力を水の膜に対する浸透圧より低く
することにより、気体が液体中に入り込むのを防いでお
り信頼性に欠けていたが、本方式にすることにより、信
頼性が向上するAs described above, in the conventional humidifying method, gas-liquid mixing is prevented by simply controlling the liquid level by using a bubbler, which lacks reliability. Improves reliability. On the other hand, in the membrane humidifier, the gas pressure is lower than the osmotic pressure to the water membrane, which prevents gas from entering the liquid and lacks reliability. , Reliability is improved
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明によれば、アノ
ード加湿水とカソード加湿水はまったく別系統であるた
め混合する可能性はなく安全な加湿システムが構成でき
る。As described above, according to the present invention, since the anode humidifying water and the cathode humidifying water are completely separate systems, there is no possibility of mixing and a safe humidifying system can be constructed.
【００２２】また、アノードとカソードとに各々の加湿
温度，加湿水分量の制御を容易にすることができる。Further, it is possible to easily control the humidifying temperature and the humidifying water content of the anode and the cathode.
【図１】第１実施例に係る加湿システム系統図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a humidification system according to a first embodiment.
【図２】バブラの概略図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bubbler.
【図３】第２実施例に係る加湿システム系統図である。FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a humidification system according to a second embodiment.
【図４】従来の加湿システム系統図である。FIG. 4 is a conventional humidification system system diagram.
【図５】従来の加湿システム系統図である。FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a conventional humidification system.
１１ アノード加湿部 １２ カソード加湿部 １３ 燃料電池 １４ 加湿水受熱部 １５Ａ，１５Ｂ ポンプ １６Ａ，１６Ｂ 放熱器 １７Ａ，１７Ｂ 排気部 １８Ａ，１８Ｂ 加湿水気液分離ポット １９ 蒸気 ２１ 水供給管 ２２ アノード用循環用パイプ ２３ カソード用循環用パイプ 11 Anode humidification part 12 Cathode humidification part 13 Fuel cell 14 Humidification water heat receiving part 15A, 15B Pump 16A, 16B Radiator 17A, 17B Exhaust part 18A, 18B Humidification water gas-liquid separation pot 19 Steam 21 Water supply pipe 22 Anode circulation pipe 23 Cathode circulation pipe
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 堀岡 竜治 東京都千代田区丸の内二丁目５番１号 三 菱重工業株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Ryuji Horioka 2-5-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sanryo Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01811194AJP3244912B2 (en) | 1994-02-15 | 1994-02-15 | Fuel cell system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01811194AJP3244912B2 (en) | 1994-02-15 | 1994-02-15 | Fuel cell system |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07226222Atrue JPH07226222A (en) | 1995-08-22 |
| JP3244912B2 JP3244912B2 (en) | 2002-01-07 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01811194AExpired - LifetimeJP3244912B2 (en) | 1994-02-15 | 1994-02-15 | Fuel cell system |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3244912B2 (en) |
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