【発明の詳細な説明】〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、分散受信方式をとる移動体の位置情
報収集装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a position information collection device for a mobile body that uses a distributed reception method.
電波を利用して移動体の現在位置を検出する方
法には、車両位置自動表示（AVM）システムを
例にとると、分散送信方式、半自動方式、分散受
信方式がある。分散送信方式はサインポスト方式
とも呼ばれ、分散配置されたサインポストからの
位置情報信号（サインポスト信号）を移動局が受
信したら、その位置データを移動局から個別信号
と共に個別信号受信機に返送する方式である。こ
のときデータの衝突を避けるためにポーリング方
式を併用すると、分散配置される局にはサインポ
ストの他にポーリング信号送信機が必要となり、
また移動局にはサインポスト受信機、ポーリング
信号受信機および個別信号受信機が必要となる。 Methods for detecting the current location of a moving object using radio waves include a distributed transmission method, a semi-automatic method, and a distributed reception method, taking automatic vehicle position display (AVM) systems as an example. The distributed transmission method is also called the sign post method, and when a mobile station receives position information signals (sign post signals) from distributed sign posts, the mobile station sends the position data together with individual signals back to the individual signal receiver. This is a method to do so. If the polling method is used in conjunction with this to avoid data collisions, polling signal transmitters will be required in addition to signposts for distributed stations.
The mobile station also requires a signpost receiver, a polling signal receiver, and an individual signal receiver.
ところで、坑道内を例にとると特定地域で作業
する者もいれば、保安等のために複数の地域を巡
回して移動する者もおり、各作業者の現在位置を
把握しておくことは緊急事態の発生に備えて不可
欠である。しかし、このために作業者が携帯する
移動局が分散送信方式のように大型或いは重いも
のであると、この他にランプやバツテリ等を携行
する作業者の負担を増大させるので好しくない。 By the way, taking a mine shaft as an example, some workers work in a specific area, while others patrol multiple areas for security reasons, so it is important to know the current location of each worker. This is essential in case of emergencies. However, if the mobile station carried by the worker is large or heavy, such as a distributed transmission type mobile station, this increases the burden on the worker who also carries lamps, batteries, etc., which is undesirable.
そこで、他の２方式を検討すると、作業者が地
域を移動する毎に位置設定をしなければならない
半自動方式では操作が繁雑で確実性に難がある。
この点、移動局が個別信号送信機だけで済む分散
受信方式は、自動発信でもあるので好ましい。 Therefore, when considering the other two methods, the semi-automatic method, which requires the operator to set the position every time he or she moves from one area to another, is complicated to operate and is not reliable.
In this respect, the distributed reception method, in which the mobile station requires only an individual signal transmitter, is preferable because it also allows automatic transmission.
しかしながら、分散受信方式は移動範囲内に複
数の受信局を分散配置する一方で、移動局に送信
機能だけを備えさせるという構成の簡便さ故に、
２以上の移動局が同時に送信するとその一部また
は全てが受信されないケースが生ずる。本発明は
この点を改善しようとするものである。 However, the distributed reception method has a simple configuration in which multiple receiving stations are distributed within a mobile range, while the mobile station is equipped with only a transmitting function.
When two or more mobile stations transmit simultaneously, some or all of them may not be received. The present invention attempts to improve this point.
本発明は、予め限定された経路を移動する複数
の移動体に送信専用の移動局を付設して各移動局
から個有の識別信号を繰り返し送信させると共
に、該移動体の移動経路に沿つて複数の受信局を
分散配置し、さらに各受信局の受信信号を有線回
線を経由して共通の基地局で収集する移動体の位
置情報収集装置において、各受信局の受信領域が
重複しないように設定すると共に、各移動局の送
信間隔をランダムに変化させ、また該基地局では
各受信局によつて区分される地域とそこに存在す
る移動体との関係を表示もしくは記録するように
してなることを特徴とするものである。 The present invention attaches a transmission-only mobile station to a plurality of mobile bodies moving on a predefined route, causes each mobile station to repeatedly transmit a unique identification signal, and transmits a unique identification signal along the movement route of the mobile body. In a mobile location information collection device in which multiple receiving stations are distributed and the received signals of each receiving station are collected by a common base station via a wired line, the receiving area of each receiving station does not overlap. At the same time, the transmission interval of each mobile station is changed randomly, and the base station displays or records the relationship between the area divided by each receiving station and the mobile objects existing there. It is characterized by this.
分散受信方式の受信率は、各移動局が送信する
識別信号の長さを短くし、且つその送信間隔をラ
ンダムにすることで高めることができる。また、
この方式の移動局は構成が簡単であるので携帯に
便利であり、従つて坑道内の人員分布を把握する
システム等を実現するのに有利である。以下、図
示の実施例を参照しながらこれを詳細に説明す
る。 The reception rate of the distributed reception method can be increased by shortening the length of the identification signal transmitted by each mobile station and randomizing the transmission interval. Also,
This type of mobile station has a simple configuration and is therefore convenient to carry, and is therefore advantageous in realizing a system for grasping the distribution of personnel in a mine shaft. This will be explained in detail below with reference to illustrated embodiments.
第１図は本発明の一実施例で、ａはシステム全
体の構成図、ｂは坑道内の構成図である。図中、
１は移動体（本例では作業者）、２は携帯用移動
局、３Ａ〜３Ｔは分散配置された受信局、４Ａ〜
４Ｔは有線回線、５は監視センター設備（基地
局）である。受信局３Ａ〜３Ｔは坑道６内の移動
経路に沿つて、例えば入口から坑内奥に向けて３
Ａ，３Ｂ……の順に分散配置され、各受信局によ
つて区分される地域をＡ，Ｂ，……と呼ぶ。この
場合、受信機３Ａ，３Ｂ，……の設置場所を移動
体１が１列になつて通過するように通路を狭める
ゲート７Ａ，７Ｂ，……を設けると良い。 FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention, in which a is a block diagram of the entire system and b is a block diagram of the inside of a mine shaft. In the figure,
1 is a mobile object (in this example, a worker); 2 is a portable mobile station; 3A to 3T are distributed receiving stations; 4A to 3T are distributed receiving stations;
4T is a wired line, and 5 is a monitoring center facility (base station). The receiving stations 3A to 3T are arranged along the movement route in the mine shaft 6, for example, from the entrance to the back of the mine.
The areas that are distributed in the order of A, 3B, . . . and divided by each receiving station are called A, B, . In this case, it is preferable to provide gates 7A, 7B, . . . that narrow the passage so that the moving bodies 1 pass in a line through the installation locations of the receivers 3A, 3B, .
受信局３Ａ，３Ｂ，……の受信範囲８Ａ，８
Ｂ，……は狭く、相互に重ならないように設定す
る。これは移動局２の送信出力との兼ね合いであ
るが、受信範囲を3m位に限定すると送信出力も
電波法の規制を受けない微弱出力で済み、また消
費電力も低減できる。反面、移動体１が受信範囲
外にいるケースが増えるので、センター５ではゲ
ート７Ａ，７Ｂ，……の通過方向からどの地域に
入つたかを判別する必要がある。例えばゲート７
Ａを通過した移動体は地域Ａにいると判断し、ま
たゲート７Ｂを通過した移動体は地域Ｂにいると
判断する。また地域Ａ，Ｂを往復する移動体は、
ゲート７Ｂを奇数回通過すれば地域Ｂ、偶数回通
過すれば地域Ａと判断する。 Receiving ranges 8A, 8 of receiving stations 3A, 3B, ...
B, . . . are set narrowly so that they do not overlap each other. This is a balance with the transmission output of the mobile station 2, but if the reception range is limited to about 3 m, the transmission output can be a weak output that is not subject to the regulations of the Radio Law, and power consumption can also be reduced. On the other hand, since the number of cases in which the mobile object 1 is outside the reception range increases, the center 5 needs to determine which area the mobile object 1 has entered from the direction of passage through the gates 7A, 7B, . For example, gate 7
A mobile object that has passed through A is determined to be in area A, and a mobile object that has passed through gate 7B is determined to be in area B. In addition, moving objects that shuttle between areas A and B are
It is determined that if the vehicle passes through gate 7B an odd number of times, it is determined to be region B, and if it passes through gate 7B an even number of times, it is determined to be region A.
移動局２は送信専用であり、個有の識別信号
（個別信号）を自動的に且つ繰り返し送信する。
全ての移動局は同一周波数の搬送波を使用し、そ
の搬送波を直接FM変調するか、或いはサブキヤ
リアをFSK変調することで自己の識別信号（コ
ード）を送出する。各識別信号は例えば第２図に
示すように１回当り60msの長さとし、ここには
フレームおよびビツト各同期信号、或いは検査ビ
ツト等も含まれる。本例ではこの識別信号の繰り
返し間隔を、最低100msから最大2sまで100msき
ざみで20段階に、且つそれを乱数表を使用する等
してランダムに切替える。従つて、同時に２つの
移動局２が同じ受信局３の受信範囲８に入つたと
きに２つの識別信号が重なる１回目の確率は 60ms×３／2s／２＝18％とかなり高率であるが、続けて同じ識別信号が重
なる確率は 18％×１／20−２＝１％に低下する。従つて、移動体１の速度を1m／ｓ
とし、また受信範囲を4mとすれば、各移動局２
は少なくとも２回同一受信範囲内で送信を行うの
で、99％の受信率が得られる。このときゲート７
は多数の移動体が同時に同じ受信範囲に入るのを
防止するが、その機能は通行規制（チエツクポイ
ントの１列通過等）で代用することもできる。 The mobile station 2 is for transmission only, and automatically and repeatedly transmits a unique identification signal (individual signal).
All mobile stations use carrier waves of the same frequency and transmit their own identification signals (codes) by directly FM modulating the carrier waves or by FSK modulating the subcarriers. Each identification signal has a length of 60 ms at a time, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, and includes frame and bit synchronization signals, check bits, etc. In this example, the repetition interval of this identification signal is changed in 20 steps from a minimum of 100 ms to a maximum of 2 s in 100 ms increments, and it is randomly switched using a random number table or the like. Therefore, when two mobile stations 2 enter the reception range 8 of the same receiving station 3 at the same time, the first probability that the two identification signals overlap is 60ms x 3/2s/2 = 18%, which is quite high. However, the probability that the same identification signal will overlap one after another decreases to 18% x 1/20-2 = 1%. Therefore, the speed of moving object 1 is 1 m/s
And if the reception range is 4m, each mobile station 2
transmits within the same reception range at least twice, resulting in a 99% reception rate. At this time gate 7
prevents many moving objects from entering the same reception range at the same time, but this function can also be replaced by traffic regulation (passing one line of checkpoints, etc.).
実際の坑道（炭坑等）は落盤防止するために内
壁を金属で覆つているので反射が多く、低い周波
数では減衰が激しい。そこで、一般には通信距離
を伸ばすために例えば800MHz帯の電波を使用す
る。このような場合に、本発明のように受信範囲
７が狭ければ、移動局２の送信出力が微弱で済
み、また周波数が低くても（例えば400MHz）実
現できる。 In actual mine shafts (coal mines, etc.), the inner walls are covered with metal to prevent cave-ins, so there is a lot of reflection, and low frequencies are severely attenuated. Therefore, radio waves in the 800MHz band, for example, are generally used to extend the communication distance. In such a case, if the reception range 7 is narrow as in the present invention, the transmission output of the mobile station 2 can be weak, and it can be realized even at a low frequency (for example, 400 MHz).
監視センター設備５には受信局３Ａ〜３Ｔの受
信信号を有線回線４Ａ〜４Ｔを通して収集する有
線回線端末や、その信号を処理するCPU、その
他CPUの処理結果を表示するデイスプレイや印
字用のプリンタ等があり、これらでどの地域にど
の移動体がいるかを把握できるようにする。尚、
本発明はトンネル、地下街、ビル内等にも適用で
きる。 The monitoring center equipment 5 includes a wired line terminal that collects the received signals from the receiving stations 3A to 3T through wired lines 4A to 4T, a CPU that processes the signals, a display that displays the processing results of the CPU, a printer for printing, etc. These allow us to understand which moving objects are in which areas. still,
The present invention can also be applied to tunnels, underground malls, inside buildings, etc.
以上述べたように本発明によれば、分散受信方
式をとるので移動局に受信器を必要とせず、小
型、軽量化が図れ、また移動体による位置設定を
要しない利点がある。加えて、移動範囲の拡大、
変更に対応して分散受信局の設置位置を任意に変
更、新設することができる。更に、各移動局の識
別信号送信の１回当りの時間が短かく、また送信
間隔がランダムであるので、複数の移動局が同じ
受信範囲を通過しても高い受信率を確保できる。
また、受信局の設置個所をチエツクポイントとし
てその近傍を移動体が通過するので、受信範囲は
狭く、且つ送信距離も短かくて済む。そのため送
信出力は微弱でよく、また周波数も低くてよい。 As described above, according to the present invention, since a distributed reception method is adopted, there is no need for a receiver in the mobile station, and there are advantages that the mobile station can be made smaller and lighter, and does not require position setting by the mobile unit. In addition, expanding the range of movement,
In response to changes, the installation positions of distributed receiving stations can be changed or newly installed as desired. Furthermore, since the time required for each mobile station to transmit an identification signal is short and the transmission intervals are random, a high reception rate can be ensured even when a plurality of mobile stations pass through the same reception range.
Furthermore, since the mobile object passes near the reception station as a checkpoint, the reception range is narrow and the transmission distance is also short. Therefore, the transmission output may be weak and the frequency may be low.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す構成図、第２
図はその識別信号の説明図である。 図中、１は移動体、２は移動局、３は受信局、
４は有線回線、５は基地局、６は坑道、７はゲー
ト、８は受信範囲である。 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the identification signal. In the figure, 1 is a mobile body, 2 is a mobile station, 3 is a receiving station,
4 is a wired line, 5 is a base station, 6 is a mine shaft, 7 is a gate, and 8 is a reception range.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60121671AJPS61280129A (en) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-06-05 | Position information collecting device for mobile body |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60121671AJPS61280129A (en) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-06-05 | Position information collecting device for mobile body |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61280129A JPS61280129A (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| JPH0531970B2true JPH0531970B2 (en) | 1993-05-13 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60121671AGrantedJPS61280129A (en) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-06-05 | Position information collecting device for mobile body |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61280129A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6451600A (en)* | 1987-08-21 | 1989-02-27 | Shinsei Elec Ind | Building |
| JPH03266536A (en)* | 1990-03-16 | 1991-11-27 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | Mobile location registration system |
| US8041347B2 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2011-10-18 | Responsive Innovations, Llc | Transmitter controlled communication links |
| EP1847024B1 (en)* | 2005-01-21 | 2011-10-12 | Responsive Innovations, Llc | Transmitter controlled communication links |
| US7330716B2 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2008-02-12 | Responsive Innovations, Llc | Wireless communication system |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61280129A (en) | 1986-12-10 |
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