【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ビデオカメラ,スチル
ビデオカメラ等の撮像装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image pickup device such as a video camera or a still video camera.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、ビデオカメラ,スチルビデオ
カメラを始めとする撮像装置においては、その露出を最
適値に自動設定する自動露出制御装置が設けられてい
る。図6は、民生用ビデオカメラ等に用いられている自
動露出制御装置の構成を示すブロック図である。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an image pickup apparatus such as a video camera or a still video camera is provided with an automatic exposure control apparatus for automatically setting its exposure to an optimum value. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an automatic exposure control device used in a consumer video camera or the like.
【0003】同図において、1は撮像レンズ、2は入射
光量を規制する絞り、3はCCD等の撮像素子、4はサ
ンプルホールド(S/H)回路、5は測光回路、6は絞
り駆動回路、8はAGC(オートゲインコントロール)
・γ回路、9はAGC・γ回路8のゲインを検出するゲ
イン検出回路、10はローパスフィルタ(LPF)、1
2はエンコーダ(ENC)回路、16は複合映像信号出
力端子、14は色信号処理回路を示す。In the figure, 1 is an image pickup lens, 2 is an aperture for regulating the amount of incident light, 3 is an image pickup device such as CCD, 4 is a sample hold (S / H) circuit, 5 is a photometric circuit, and 6 is a diaphragm drive circuit. , 8 are AGC (auto gain control)
Γ circuit, 9 is a gain detection circuit for detecting the gain of the AGC / γ circuit 8, 10 is a low-pass filter (LPF), 1
Reference numeral 2 is an encoder (ENC) circuit, 16 is a composite video signal output terminal, and 14 is a color signal processing circuit.
【0004】以上の構成によりレンズ1及び絞り2を通
って、撮像素子3に入射した光は、光電変換され電気信
号となり、サンプルホールド回路4を経てAGC・γ回
路8でゲインコントロール及びガンマ処理等の信号処理
を施された後、輝度信号と色差信号に分離されて輝度信
号はLPF10で帯域制限された後、ENC回路12に
入力される。また、色差信号も、色信号処理回路14で
信号処理された後、ENC回路12に入力される。さら
にENC回路12から出力された信号は複合映像信号と
して出力される。またサンプルホールド回路4から出力
された信号によって測光回路5で常に被写体が最適な信
号レベルになるように、絞り駆動回路6によって絞り2
を駆動する。With the above structure, the light incident on the image pickup device 3 through the lens 1 and the diaphragm 2 is photoelectrically converted into an electric signal, which passes through the sample hold circuit 4 and the AGC / γ circuit 8 for gain control and gamma processing. After being subjected to the signal processing of, the luminance signal and the color difference signal are separated, and the luminance signal is band-limited by the LPF 10 and then input to the ENC circuit 12. The color difference signal is also processed by the color signal processing circuit 14 and then input to the ENC circuit 12. Further, the signal output from the ENC circuit 12 is output as a composite video signal. In addition, the diaphragm drive circuit 6 stops the diaphragm 2 so that the photometer circuit 5 always outputs an optimum signal level by the signal output from the sample hold circuit 4.
To drive.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記自
動露出制御装置においては、夜景撮影時等では、被写体
と背景との輝度差が大きいため、適切な測光値が得られ
ず、被写体のネオンなどの色とびが生じ、不自然な画像
になるという欠点があった。However, in the above-mentioned automatic exposure control device, at the time of shooting a night scene, since the brightness difference between the subject and the background is large, an appropriate photometric value cannot be obtained, and neon or the like of the subject cannot be obtained. There is a drawback that an unnatural image is produced due to color skipping.
【0006】そこで本発明の目的は以上のような問題を
解消した撮像装置を提供することにある。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an image pickup apparatus which solves the above problems.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
本発明は撮像素子からの撮像信号にもとづいて測光する
測光手段と、該測光手段の測光値に基づいて前記撮像素
子に入射する光を調節する絞りを駆動する手段と、前記
撮像信号から撮像画面内の輝度信号レベルを検出する検
出手段と、前記検出手段より出力された撮像画面内の輝
度状態および前記撮像信号のレベルを制御する増幅手段
の増幅量または前記絞りの情報に応じて前記測光手段の
補正および前記撮像信号から得られる輝度信号の圧縮の
少なくとも1つを実行する手段とを具えたことを特徴と
する。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photometric means for photometry based on an image pickup signal from an image pickup element, and a light incident on the image pickup element based on a photometric value of the photometric means. Means for driving a diaphragm to be adjusted, detection means for detecting a luminance signal level in the image pickup screen from the image pickup signal, and amplification for controlling the luminance state in the image pickup screen output from the detection means and the level of the image pickup signal And a means for executing at least one of correction of the photometric means and compression of a luminance signal obtained from the image pickup signal in accordance with an amplification amount of the means or information of the diaphragm.
【0008】[0008]
【作用】本発明によれば、被写体と背景との輝度差の大
きい夜景撮影時等でも測光の最適化、高輝度部分のラチ
ュードの改善、高輝度部分の色付の改善等がなされる。According to the present invention, even at the time of photographing a night scene where the brightness difference between the subject and the background is large, the photometry is optimized, the latitude of the high brightness part is improved, and the coloring of the high brightness part is improved.
【0009】[0009]
【実施例】以下本発明の実施例における撮像装置を各図
を参照しながら詳述する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An image pickup apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
【0010】図1は本発明の第1の実施例における撮像
装置を示すものである。レンズ1を通り、絞り2を通っ
て撮像素子3に入射した光は、ここで光電変換され電気
信号となり、サンプルホールド回路4を経て、A/D変
換回路7に入力される。A/D変換回路7では撮像信号
のアナログ信号を高速にデジタル信号化し、AGC・γ
回路8に入力され、ここでゲインコントロール及びガン
マ処理され、輝度信号と色差信号を出力する。デジタル
化された輝度信号は、LPF10で帯域制限され、輝度
レベル検出回路11に入力される。ここでは撮像画面内
の輝度レベルをヒストグラム化し、どのような撮影状態
か推測する。図2の実線は、夜景撮影時における輝度レ
ベルのヒストグラムを表わしたものである(点線は一般
撮影)。図2で示すように、夜景の場合は極端に輝度の
高いレベルと極端に輝度の低いレベルのみで分布されて
いることが多い。そこで、図2の実線のようなヒストグ
ラムの時は夜景として判定する。また、夜景状態をより
正確に判定するために、夜景判別回路15では、前記の
条件にさらにAGCのためのゲイン検出回路9の出力信
号で、ゲインが非常に高い時または、絞りエンコーダ1
8の情報が、絞り開放近くの時のみ夜景状態と判定し、
夜景判定回路15から夜景判定信号が出力され測光回路
5に入力される。測光回路5では、夜景判定信号が入力
されると絞りを、絞る方向に制御信号を絞り駆動回路6
に与え、同回路6を経て、絞り2をある所定の値だけ絞
る。FIG. 1 shows an image pickup apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The light that has passed through the lens 1 and the diaphragm 2 and is incident on the image pickup device 3 is photoelectrically converted into an electric signal, and is input to the A / D conversion circuit 7 through the sample hold circuit 4. In the A / D conversion circuit 7, the analog signal of the image pickup signal is converted into a digital signal at high speed, and AGC / γ
It is input to the circuit 8, where gain control and gamma processing are performed, and a luminance signal and a color difference signal are output. The digitized luminance signal is band-limited by the LPF 10 and input to the luminance level detection circuit 11. Here, the brightness level in the image pickup screen is made into a histogram to estimate what kind of shooting state. The solid line in FIG. 2 represents a histogram of the brightness level at the time of night scene shooting (the dotted line is general shooting). As shown in FIG. 2, in the case of a night view, it is often distributed only at the extremely high brightness level and the extremely low brightness level. Therefore, when the histogram has a solid line in FIG. 2, it is determined as a night view. In order to more accurately determine the night view state, the night view determination circuit 15 uses the output signal of the gain detection circuit 9 for AGC in addition to the above conditions when the gain is very high or the aperture encoder 1
The information of 8 is determined to be a night view state only when the aperture is close to open,
A night view determination signal is output from the night view determination circuit 15 and input to the photometric circuit 5. In the photometry circuit 5, when the night-scene determination signal is input, the diaphragm is driven, and the control signal is sent to the diaphragm driving circuit 6 in the direction of narrowing.
And the diaphragm 2 is narrowed by a predetermined value through the circuit 6.
【0011】ここで以上の構成における露出制御動作を
図5のフローチャートを用いて説明する。フローをスタ
ートすると、まず1画面分の走査を終了(S1)した時
点で前述のように画面の輝度分布を表わすヒストグラム
が作成される(S2)。続いてヒストグラムより高輝度
側しきい値TH以上の輝度を示す点の数Hが取り込まれ
(S3)るとともに、低輝度側しきい値TL以下の輝度
を示す点の数Lが取り込まれ(S4)、さらに中間輝度
を示す点の数Mが取り込まれる(S5)。これらの値か
ら、高輝度点H,低輝度点Lがそれぞれ所定値以上で、
中間輝度点Mが所定値以下という条件を満たしているか
否かの判定が行われ(S6)、満たしていれば絞りが開
放となっているか否かを絞りエンコーダ18によって検
出し(S7)、絞りが開放となっている場合には、AG
C回路5のゲインをゲイン検出回路9によって検出し、
ゲインがアップされているか否かが判別される(S
8)。ここでゲインアップされていれば、夜景を撮影し
ていると判断し、強制的に絞りを所定量絞って撮影を行
う(S9)。S6,S7,S8のいずれかの条件を満足
しない場合には、通常の撮影モードを設定し、測光回路
5の出力にもとづく露出制御が行われる(S10)。The exposure control operation in the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the flow is started, first, when scanning for one screen is completed (S1), a histogram representing the brightness distribution of the screen is created as described above (S2). Subsequently, from the histogram, the number H of points showing the luminance equal to or higher than the high luminance side threshold TH is taken in (S3), and the number L of points showing the luminance less than the low luminance side threshold TL is taken in (S4). ), And the number M of points indicating the intermediate brightness is captured (S5). From these values, the high-luminance point H and the low-luminance point L are above a predetermined value, respectively,
It is determined whether or not the condition that the intermediate luminance point M is equal to or less than a predetermined value is satisfied (S6). If the condition is satisfied, the aperture encoder 18 detects whether the aperture is open (S7), and the aperture is stopped. Is open, AG
The gain of the C circuit 5 is detected by the gain detection circuit 9,
It is determined whether or not the gain is increased (S
8). If the gain is increased, it is determined that the night view is being photographed, and the aperture is forcibly reduced by a predetermined amount to perform the photographing (S9). If any of the conditions of S6, S7 and S8 is not satisfied, the normal photographing mode is set and the exposure control is performed based on the output of the photometric circuit 5 (S10).
【0012】次にLPF10で帯域制限された輝度信号
は、ENC(エンコーダ)回路12に入力され、また、
AGC・γ回路5から出力された色差信号は、色信号処
理回路14を経てENC回路12に入力され、ここで複
合映像信号として出力されて、D/A変換回路13でデ
ジタル信号がアナログ信号に変換され複合映像出力端子
16より出力される。Next, the luminance signal whose band is limited by the LPF 10 is input to the ENC (encoder) circuit 12, and
The color difference signal output from the AGC / γ circuit 5 is input to the ENC circuit 12 via the color signal processing circuit 14, is output as a composite video signal here, and the digital signal is converted to an analog signal in the D / A conversion circuit 13. It is converted and output from the composite video output terminal 16.
【0013】以上のように本発明の第1の実施例によっ
て、夜景撮影の場合でも、撮像装置が自動的に夜景撮影
であることを判別し、絞りを、ある任意の値だけ絞るこ
とにより、色とびのない最適な撮像画像を得ることがで
きる。As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, even in the case of shooting a night view, the image pickup apparatus automatically determines that the shooting is a night view, and the aperture is stopped by a certain arbitrary value. It is possible to obtain an optimum picked-up image without color saturation.
【0014】(他の実施例)図3は本発明の第2の実施
例の構成を示すブロック図である。同図において、図1
の第1実施例と同一構成部分については同一の符号を付
し、その説明を省略する。(Other Embodiments) FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG.
The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
【0015】第1の実施例同様、夜景判別回路15で、
夜景判定されると、夜景判定信号は測光回路5とともに
高輝度圧縮回路17に入力され、この回路17で高輝度
部分の圧縮が行なわれる。なお、判定信号は測光回路5
に入力しなくてもよい。図4に高輝度圧縮回路17の圧
縮特性を示す。同図において、aは輝度圧縮もしくはク
リップのない場合、bは高輝度部分を圧縮した場合、c
はbに対し圧縮率及びその圧縮開始点を変え、高輝度部
分のラチュードを改善したものである。As in the first embodiment, in the night view discrimination circuit 15,
When the night scene is determined, the night scene determination signal is input to the high brightness compression circuit 17 together with the photometric circuit 5, and the circuit 17 compresses the high brightness portion. The determination signal is the photometric circuit 5
You do not have to enter in. FIG. 4 shows the compression characteristic of the high luminance compression circuit 17. In the figure, a is luminance compression or no clipping, b is high luminance portion compression, and c is
Shows that the compression ratio and the compression start point thereof are changed with respect to b to improve the latitude of the high brightness portion.
【0016】図4の特性は例えば次のようにして選択さ
れる。夜景判別回路15から、夜景判定信号が入力され
ない時、即ち一般撮影に対しては、aまたはbの特性と
するが、夜景撮影のように高輝度の被写体が多い場合
は、夜景判別回路15から夜景判別信号が入力され、そ
の時は、cの特性を選択し、高輝度部分のラチュードを
改善する。また、輝度信号に色信号が重畳された場合、
輝度信号が圧縮されることにより、視感上高輝度部分の
色が濃く見えるため、色飽和を上げることなく同等の効
果を得ることができる効果もある。このため視感上色ダ
イナミックレンジが拡大されたことになる。The characteristics shown in FIG. 4 are selected as follows, for example. When the night scene determination signal is not input from the night scene determination circuit 15, that is, the characteristic is a or b for general shooting, but when there are many high-luminance subjects such as night scene shooting, the night scene determination circuit 15 outputs A night scene discrimination signal is input, and at that time, the characteristic of c is selected to improve the latitude of the high brightness portion. Also, when a color signal is superimposed on the luminance signal,
Since the luminance signal is compressed, the color of the high-luminance portion visually appears dark, so that the same effect can be obtained without increasing the color saturation. As a result, the color dynamic range is visually expanded.
【0017】以上のように、本発明の撮像装置によれ
ば、夜景撮影において、高輝度のラチュードの改善をは
かることができ、画質を劣化させることがなく、自然で
高品位の撮像画像が得られる。As described above, according to the image pickup apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to improve the high-brightness latitude in the night view shooting, and obtain a natural and high-quality picked-up image without degrading the image quality. Be done.
【0018】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば夜
景撮影のような被写体と背景との輝度差が大きい場合で
も、最適な測光を得ることができ、高輝度部分のラチュ
ードの改善、高輝度部分の色付の改善が可能となる。As described above, according to the present invention, optimum photometry can be obtained even in the case where there is a large difference in luminance between the subject and the background such as night scene photography, and the latitude of the high luminance portion is improved. It is possible to improve the coloring of the high brightness portion.
【図1】本発明の第1実施例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】撮像画面内の輝度レベルのヒストグラムを示す
図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a histogram of brightness levels in an image pickup screen.
【図3】本発明の第2実施例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図4】本発明による圧縮回路の特性を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing characteristics of a compression circuit according to the present invention.
【図5】露出制御動作のフローチャートである。FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an exposure control operation.
【図6】一般的な撮像装置のブロック図である。FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a general imaging device.
1 レンズ 2 絞り 3 撮像素子 4 サンプルホールド回路 5 測光回路 6 絞り駆動回路 7 A/D変換器 8 AGC・γ回路 9 ゲイン検出回路 10 LPF 11 輝度レベル検出回路 12 ENC回路 13 D/A変換回路 14 画信号処理回路 15 夜景判別回路 16 復号映像信号出力端子 17 高輝度圧縮回路 18 絞りエンコーダ 1 Lens 2 Aperture 3 Image Sensor 4 Sample and Hold Circuit 5 Photometric Circuit 6 Aperture Drive Circuit 7 A / D Converter 8 AGC / γ Circuit 9 Gain Detection Circuit 10 LPF 11 Luminance Level Detection Circuit 12 ENC Circuit 13 D / A Conversion Circuit 14 Image signal processing circuit 15 Night scene discrimination circuit 16 Decoded video signal output terminal 17 High brightness compression circuit 18 Aperture encoder
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3263870AJPH05103256A (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Image pickup device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3263870AJPH05103256A (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Image pickup device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05103256Atrue JPH05103256A (en) | 1993-04-23 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3263870APendingJPH05103256A (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Image pickup device |
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| JP (1) | JPH05103256A (en) |
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