【発明の詳細な説明】［産業上の利用分野］本発明は急速充電可能な二次電池を有する充電式電源装
置に関し、特に、過充電防止機能を備えた電源装置に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a rechargeable power supply device having a rapidly chargeable secondary battery, and particularly to a power supply device having an overcharge prevention function.
［従来の技術１ポータプル機器の発達に伴い、ラジオ、ラジオ付きカセ
ットテープレコーダ、ポータプルＶＴＲ、ポータプルコ
ンピュータ等の電子機器、携帯電話等の通信機器、ポー
タプル電動工具等の動力機器の電源に、−次電池および
二次電池が広く使われるようになっている。特に、近年
、二次電池の使用が著しく増加している。[Prior art 1] With the development of portable equipment, power supplies for electronic equipment such as radios, cassette tape recorders with radios, portable VTRs, portable computers, communication equipment such as mobile phones, and power equipment such as portable power tools are becoming increasingly popular. Batteries and secondary batteries are becoming widely used. In particular, the use of secondary batteries has increased significantly in recent years.
一般の二次電池においては、適正な充電条件を越えて過
充電を行うと電解液の分解に伴ってガスが発生する。In general secondary batteries, when overcharged beyond proper charging conditions, gas is generated as the electrolyte decomposes.
開放型または排出型の電池においては、発生したガスは
逃がすことができるが、この過充電の結果としてその電
極は多少の損傷を受ける。In open or drained cells, the gas generated is allowed to escape, but the electrodes suffer some damage as a result of this overcharging.
一方、密閉型の電池では内部でガス圧が高まって爆発事
故を起こす。このため、密閉型電池においては過充電に
対して安全弁を設けることによりガス圧の上昇に対処し
ているものがあるが、これらの安全弁を設けた電池にあ
ってはガス抜きを確実に行えない場合も生じるため信頼
性の面で問題があった。さらに、この安全弁の作動によ
り腐食性の高いガスが放出されたときには、電池が組み
込まれた機器を腐食させるという欠点もあった。On the other hand, in sealed batteries, the gas pressure builds up inside, causing an explosion. For this reason, some sealed batteries are equipped with safety valves to prevent overcharging in order to cope with the rise in gas pressure, but batteries with these safety valves cannot ensure gas release. There were problems in terms of reliability as this could occur in some cases. Furthermore, when highly corrosive gas is released due to the operation of this safety valve, there is also the drawback that it corrodes equipment in which the battery is installed.
また、過充電が酷い場合には、電池の内部で短絡が起こ
り、電池が破裂に至る場合もあった。In addition, if overcharging is severe, a short circuit may occur inside the battery, leading to the battery bursting.
それ故、電池が正常な充電条件を越えて、充電を継続さ
せるのを防止する装置が必要とされる。Therefore, there is a need for a device that prevents batteries from continuing to charge beyond normal charging conditions.
一般に市販されている二次電池では、サーモスタットも
しくは温度フユーズ等を電池に直列に接続し、適切な充
電条件を越えて過充電されたときにはその電池の発熱を
検知し、充電回路を遮断することにより以上のような問
題を解決しようとしでいる。Generally, with commercially available secondary batteries, a thermostat or temperature fuse is connected in series with the battery, and when the battery is overcharged beyond the appropriate charging conditions, it detects the heat generation of the battery and shuts off the charging circuit. I am trying to solve the above problems.
［発明が解決しようとする課題１しかしながら、サーモスタットもしくは温度フユーズの
ように過充電の際の発熱を検知し、充電回路を遮断する
ような装置では、その検知時には電池は既に適正な充電
条件を越えて過充電が進行しており、電池の性能の劣化
のみならず、漏液、破裂等の異常状態を発生している場
合が多々あった。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention 1] However, in devices such as thermostats or temperature fuses that detect heat generation during overcharging and shut off the charging circuit, the battery has already exceeded the proper charging condition by the time this is detected. As overcharging progressed, not only did battery performance deteriorate, but abnormal conditions such as leakage and rupture occurred in many cases.
本発明の目的は以上のような問題を解消するために、充
電式電源装置において、当該充電式電源装置の中の二次
電池を過充電から保護し、二次電池の性能の劣化を防止
するとともに、二次電池を過充電によって危険な状態に
至らしめない充電式電源装置を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to protect a secondary battery in a rechargeable power supply device from overcharging and prevent deterioration of performance of the secondary battery in a rechargeable power supply device. Another object of the present invention is to provide a rechargeable power supply device that does not cause a secondary battery to become dangerous due to overcharging.
［課題を解決するための手段１以上の目的を達成するために本発明は充電可能な電池と
、内部に寄生ダイオードを有するスイッチ素子と、前記
電池の両端電圧を検出して前記スイッチ素子を制御する
制御手段とを備え、前記スイッチ素子はその寄生ダイオ
ードの順方向が前記電池の放電方向となるように前記電
池に接続され、前記制御手段は、前記電池の電圧が充電
可能電圧の近傍の第１の電圧より下ったとき前記スイッ
チ素子を導通させ、前記電池の電圧が前記充電可能電圧
の近傍であって前言己第１の電圧より高い第２の電圧よ
り上った時前記スイッチ素子を非導通状態にすることを
特徴とするものである。[Means for Solving the Problems 1] In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention includes a rechargeable battery, a switch element having a parasitic diode inside, and a voltage across the battery to detect the voltage across the battery to control the switch element. The switching element is connected to the battery such that the forward direction of the parasitic diode is the discharging direction of the battery, and the control means is configured to control the switching element so that the voltage of the battery is near the chargeable voltage. When the voltage of the battery falls below a second voltage, the switch element is made conductive, and when the voltage of the battery rises above a second voltage, which is near the chargeable voltage and higher than the first voltage, the switch element is turned off. It is characterized by being in a conductive state.
［作 用１本発明によれば、電池の充電電圧が充電可能電圧以上に
なったことを、制御部が検出し、スイッチ素子を制御し
て充電回路を遮断する。また、このスイッチ素子は、内
部の寄生ダイオードによって電池の放電回路の一部をも
構成しており、回路の簡素化を図ることができる。[Function 1] According to the present invention, the control section detects that the charging voltage of the battery has become equal to or higher than the chargeable voltage, and controls the switch element to shut off the charging circuit. Further, this switch element also constitutes a part of the battery discharge circuit by an internal parasitic diode, and the circuit can be simplified.
［実施例１以下、本発明による電源装置の実施例を図面により説明
する。[Embodiment 1] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the power supply device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の基本構成を示すブロック図である。第
１図に示すように、負荷もしくは充電器ｌは、電源装置
２に接続される。電源装置２は、電池３、スイッチ素子
４および制御手段５から構成される。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic configuration of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a load or charger l is connected to a power supply device 2. As shown in FIG. The power supply device 2 includes a battery 3, a switch element 4, and a control means 5.
ここで、本発明でいう電池とは、単一の電池のみならず
、複数の電池を互いに接続した組電池、過放電、短絡等
にかかわる安全装置、残容量表示等の機能が付加された
電池および組電池をも包含する。Here, the term "battery" as used in the present invention refers not only to a single battery, but also to an assembled battery in which multiple batteries are connected to each other, and a battery with additional functions such as safety devices related to over-discharge, short circuit, etc., and remaining capacity display. It also includes assembled batteries.
また、本発明のスイッチ素子としては、電力損失が小さ
く、かつ、通常の使用状態での消費電力を小さくするた
めに、電圧駆動型のスイッチであることが好ましい。こ
の条件を満足するデバイスとして、電界効果型のトラン
ジスター（ＦＥＴ）が好ましい条件を備えているが、そ
の中でも、デバイスの内部に寄生ダイオードを有するＭ
ＯＳ ＦＥＴを使用すると回路を著しく簡略化、および
、小型化することができる。すなわち、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ
の内部の寄生ダイオードを電源装置の放電回路の一部と
して使用することで、電源装置内の放電回路を省略でき
、しかも、従来の電源装置と同じように２端子の部品と
して使用することができる。ここで、電源装置内の制御
手段を外部からコントロールするための第３の端子等は
必ずしも必要としない。Furthermore, the switch element of the present invention is preferably a voltage-driven switch in order to reduce power loss and reduce power consumption in normal usage conditions. As a device that satisfies this condition, field-effect transistors (FETs) have favorable conditions.
The use of OS FETs allows the circuit to be significantly simplified and miniaturized. That is, MOS FET
By using the internal parasitic diode as part of the power supply's discharge circuit, the discharge circuit within the power supply can be omitted, and it can also be used as a two-terminal component like a conventional power supply. . Here, a third terminal or the like for externally controlling the control means within the power supply device is not necessarily required.
次に、第２図に過充電防止機能を具備した電源装置の一
実施例を示す。第２図に示すようにスイッチ素子として
、内部寄生ダイオード４１Ａを有するＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ４
１を用いる。電池３は単電池もしくは、直列または並列
に接続された組電池からなる。Next, FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a power supply device equipped with an overcharge prevention function. As shown in FIG. 2, a MOS FET 4 having an internal parasitic diode 41A serves as a switching element.
1 is used. The battery 3 consists of a single cell or an assembled battery connected in series or parallel.
制御手段５は、コンパレータと基準電圧回路等から構成
することが可能であり、第２図に示す回路図のように電
源入力と信号入力を兼ねる反転入力端（Ｖ−）を電池３
の負極端子に、非反転入力端（Ｖ、）を電池３の正極端
子に接続する。制御手段５の出力端はＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ４
１のゲートに接続し、電ＩＯ！３の負極はＭＯＳ ＦＥ
Ｔ４１のドレインに接続し、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ４１のソー
スは、電源装置２の負極端子７に接続し、電池３の正極
は電源装置２の正極端子６に接続する。The control means 5 can be composed of a comparator, a reference voltage circuit, etc., and as shown in the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
The non-inverting input terminal (V, ) is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 3 and the positive terminal of the battery 3. The output end of the control means 5 is MOS FET4
Connect to the gate of 1 and power IO! The negative electrode of 3 is MOS FE
The source of the MOS FET 41 is connected to the negative terminal 7 of the power supply device 2, and the positive electrode of the battery 3 is connected to the positive terminal 6 of the power supply device 2.
割筒手段５の出カバターンの例を第３図に示す。第３図
の（ａ）および（ｂ）に示すように、制御手段５のオン
時の出力電圧（■。ｕｔｌ。ｎｌ）は、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ
４１のゲートカットオフ電圧（ＶＧｊ １Ｏｆｆ＋ ）
よりも高く、また制御手段５のオフ時の出力電圧（Ｖｏ
ｕｔ １ｏｆｆｌ ）は、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ４１のゲート
カットオフ電圧（Ｖａｓ Ｉｏｔ ｔ＋ ）よりも低い
ことが必要であるが、制御手段５のオン時の出力電圧（
■。ｕｔｌ。７．）は、第３図の（ａ）または（ｂ）ど
ちらの出力形式であっても差支えない。An example of the output pattern of the split tube means 5 is shown in FIG. As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 3, the output voltage (■.utl.nl) when the control means 5 is turned on is
41 gate cutoff voltage (VGj 1Off+)
, and the output voltage (Vo
ut 1offl ) needs to be lower than the gate cutoff voltage (Vas Iot t+ ) of the MOS FET 41, but the output voltage (Vas Iot t+ ) when the control means 5 is on is
■. utl. 7. ) may be output in either (a) or (b) in FIG.
以上の構成によれば、電池３の両端電圧が充電可能電圧
近傍のある一定の電圧（第３図におけるＶｏｒ ｒ）以
上になると、制御手段５の出力電圧が■。、。２，１以
上からＶａｓｔ。１．）以下になり、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ４
１が導通状態から遮断状態になり、電池３の充電回路を
遮断する。According to the above configuration, when the voltage across the battery 3 exceeds a certain voltage (Vor r in FIG. 3) near the chargeable voltage, the output voltage of the control means 5 becomes ■. ,. Vast from 2,1 or more. 1. ) and below, MOS FET4
1 changes from a conductive state to a cutoff state, and the charging circuit of the battery 3 is cut off.
そして、寄生ダイオード４１Ａを介した放電によって電
池３の両端電圧が前記■。、ｔよりも低い電圧（第３図
におけるＶ。１）以下なると、制御手段５の出力電圧ば
■。、（。２．）以下から■。５ｌｏｆｆ１以上になり
、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ４１が遮断状態から導通状態になり、
通常の（低損失の）放電が行われる。Then, due to discharge via the parasitic diode 41A, the voltage across the battery 3 increases to the above-mentioned (■). , t (V.1 in FIG. 3) or less, the output voltage of the control means 5 becomes {circle around (2)}. , (.2.) From the following ■. 5loff1 or more, MOS FET41 changes from cutoff state to conduction state,
A normal (low loss) discharge takes place.
なお、第２図および第３図に示したスイッチ素子の位置
と制御手段の出カバターンとは、Ｎ−チャンネル型のＭ
ＯＳ ＦＥＴに対応するものであって、他のスイッチ素
子を用いる場合には、そのスイッチ素子の特性に応じた
配置および制御手段の８カバターンを選ぶ必要がある。Note that the position of the switch element and the output turn of the control means shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are based on the N-channel type M
When using another switch element that corresponds to the OS FET, it is necessary to select the arrangement and eight cover patterns of the control means according to the characteristics of the switch element.
ここで、充電回路の遮断スイッチとして使用するＭＯＳ
ＦＥＴを検討した結果、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴとしては、ド
レイン・ソース間のオン抵抗（ＲＤ□。ｎｌ）が小さい
ものほど好ましく、ドレイン・ソース間のオン抵抗（Ｒ
１）＝＋。。１）は電源装置内の電池の内部抵抗と同程
度、もしくは、それよりも小さいことが必要であること
がわかった。もちろん、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴは並列に使用し
ても差し支えなく、この場合は、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴのドレ
イン・ソース間のオン抵抗（Ｒｏ、。。、）の合成抵抗
値が電源装置内の電池の内部抵抗と同程度、もしくは、
それよりも小さいことが必要である。Here, the MOS used as a cutoff switch for the charging circuit
As a result of examining FETs, we found that for MOS FETs, the smaller the on-resistance (RD□.nl) between the drain and source, the better;
1)=+. . It has been found that 1) needs to be equal to or smaller than the internal resistance of the battery in the power supply device. Of course, MOS FETs can be used in parallel, and in this case, the combined resistance value of the on-resistance (Ro,...) between the drain and source of the MOS FETs is the same as the internal resistance of the battery in the power supply. degree or
It needs to be smaller than that.
ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴのドレイン・ソース間のオン抵抗（Ｒｏ
ｓ ｉｏｎ＋ ）が電源装置内の電池の内部抵抗に比べ
て大きい場合は、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴによる電力損失が大き
くなるばかりではな（、その結果、電源装置内の温度偏
差が著しく大きくなり好ましくない。On-resistance between drain and source of MOS FET (Ro
If s ion+ ) is larger than the internal resistance of the battery in the power supply, not only will the power loss due to the MOS FET become large (as a result, the temperature deviation within the power supply will become significantly large, which is undesirable).
なお、スイッチ素子としてはで内部に寄生ダイオードを
有するデバイスであれば、内部に寄生ダイオードを有す
るＭＯＳ ＦＥＴと同じように寄生ダイオードを放電回
路の一部として使用することによってＭＯＳ ＦＥＴと
同様に電源装置内の回路を簡略化することができる。Note that if the switch element is a device that has a parasitic diode inside, it can be used in a power supply device like a MOS FET by using the parasitic diode as part of the discharge circuit, just like a MOS FET that has an internal parasitic diode. The internal circuit can be simplified.
ところで、制御手段として使用する電子回路は、バイポ
ーラＩＣ，ＭＯＳ ＩＣ，、ＣＭＯＳ ＩＣ，Ｂｉ−Ｍ
ＯＳＩＣ５および、ハイブリッドＩＣ等で構成すること
ができるが、消費電流が小さいほうが好ましく、少なく
とも、充電式電源装置内の二次電池の自己放電電流より
も小さいことが望ましい。特に、脱着可能な充電式電源
装置としては、充電した状態で電池を保存した場合、使
用しないで放置しているだけで、充電式電源装置の残存
容量が著しく短期間になくなってしまうのでは実用には
堪え難い。By the way, electronic circuits used as control means include bipolar IC, MOS IC, CMOS IC, Bi-M
Although it can be configured with an OSIC 5, a hybrid IC, etc., it is preferable that the current consumption is small, and it is desirable that the current consumption is at least smaller than the self-discharge current of the secondary battery in the rechargeable power supply device. In particular, as a removable rechargeable power supply device, if the battery is stored in a charged state, the remaining capacity of the rechargeable power supply device will run out in a very short period of time if the battery is left unused. It's unbearable.
さらに、制御手段はスイッチ素子をオフする検知電圧（
■。１．）よりも低いリセット電圧（Ｖｏｎ）を有する
ことが必要であり、そのヒステリシスの大きす（ｖ、ｒ
ｅ−ｖ、、）は０．０５Ｖ 〜５．０Ｖ程度あることが
好ましい。Further, the control means includes a detection voltage (
■. 1. ), and the magnitude of its hysteresis (v, r
e−v, , ) is preferably about 0.05V to 5.0V.
０．０５Ｖよりも小さなヒステリシスでは、充電電流の
遮断による電池端子間電圧の低下によって、再び、リセ
ット電圧（Ｖ、、、）を下回ってしまい、その結果、ス
イッチ素子がオンして、電池は断続的に充電が継続され
てしまうことになるので、ヒステリシスが小さすぎるの
は好ましくない。If the hysteresis is smaller than 0.05V, the voltage between the battery terminals decreases due to the cutoff of the charging current, which causes the voltage to drop below the reset voltage (V,...) again, and as a result, the switch element turns on, causing the battery to run intermittently. It is undesirable for the hysteresis to be too small because charging may continue.
一方、ヒステリシスが５．Ｏｖよりも大きな場合は、電
源装置が充電遮断状態から放電に入った場合、電源装置
内の電池の電圧がリセット電圧（Ｖｏ、）を下回らず、
制御手段の出力電圧が上らないのでスイッチ素子がオフ
状態のままとなり、放電電流はスイッチ素子の寄生ダイ
オードのみを流れるので、スイッチ素子での電力損失が
大きい状態が続いてしまう。すなわち、ヒステリシスが
大きすぎるのは好ましくなく、放電開始による電池電圧
の低下によって、ただちに電圧検知手段がリセットされ
る程度のヒステリシスの大きさでなければならない。し
たがって、ヒステリシスの大きさは０．０５Ｖ〜５．０
Ｖ程度あることが好ましい。On the other hand, hysteresis is 5. If it is larger than Ov, the voltage of the battery in the power supply does not fall below the reset voltage (Vo, ) when the power supply enters discharge from the charging cutoff state;
Since the output voltage of the control means does not rise, the switch element remains in the off state, and the discharge current flows only through the parasitic diode of the switch element, resulting in a state where the power loss in the switch element continues to be large. That is, it is not preferable for the hysteresis to be too large, and the hysteresis must be large enough to immediately reset the voltage detection means when the battery voltage drops due to the start of discharge. Therefore, the magnitude of hysteresis is 0.05V to 5.0
It is preferable to have about V.
つぎに、電池３として特開昭６２−９０．８６３号の二
次電池を使用した場合について具体的に説明する。以下
は、電池３として二次電池を２個直列に組み合わせた場
合について詳述する。Next, a case where the secondary battery disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-90.863 is used as the battery 3 will be specifically explained. Below, a case where two secondary batteries are combined in series as the battery 3 will be explained in detail.
電池３の標準的な動作電圧範囲は、ｌセルあたり２．７
５Ｖ〜４．２Ｖであり、電池３を２個直列に組み合わせ
た場合は、 ５．５Ｖ〜８．４■になる。Typical operating voltage range for battery 3 is 2.7 per cell
The voltage is 5V to 4.2V, and when two batteries 3 are combined in series, the voltage is 5.5V to 8.4V.
本例ではビデオムービーの電源用として２．０Ａｈの容
量を有する電源装置を試作した。試作した電源装置は９
０ｍｍＸ ４６ｍｍＸ ２６ｍｍの大きさを有し、０．
１５Ω〜０．３０Ωの内部抵抗を持つ。なお、電池３の
単セルの内部抵抗は、０．０２Ω〜０．０８Ωであり、
２５℃での自己放電電流は２００μｍ程度ある。In this example, a power supply device having a capacity of 2.0 Ah was prototyped as a power source for a video movie. The prototype power supply device is 9
It has a size of 0mm x 46mm x 26mm, and 0.
It has an internal resistance of 15Ω to 0.30Ω. In addition, the internal resistance of the single cell of the battery 3 is 0.02Ω to 0.08Ω,
The self-discharge current at 25° C. is about 200 μm.
ここで、電池３は単セルの端子間の電圧が約４．５Ｖ以
上になると、通常のサイクル劣化より大きな性能の低下
を引き起こすばかりではなく、安全上好ましくない。さ
らに、単セルの端子間の電圧が約４．８■を越えると異
常発熱を引き起こし、危険な状態になる。したがって、
電池を２個を直列に組み合わせた場合は、充電時に電源
装置の電圧が少なくとも充電可能電圧である９、０Ｖ以
上にならないようにすることが安全上必要である。Here, in the battery 3, when the voltage between the terminals of the single cell becomes about 4.5 V or more, not only does the performance deteriorate more than normal cycle deterioration, but it is also not desirable for safety. Furthermore, if the voltage between the terminals of a single cell exceeds about 4.8 µ, abnormal heat generation will occur, resulting in a dangerous situation. therefore,
When two batteries are combined in series, it is necessary for safety to ensure that the voltage of the power supply device does not exceed at least the chargeable voltage of 9.0 V during charging.
ここで使用するスイッチ素子４としては例えば、２３に
１２８６ （ＮＥＣ）、２３に１１３６（三菱） 、２
３に１１３７（三菱） 、２ＳＫ１１１４（東芝）等の
ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴを使用すれば、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴのドレイ
ン・ソース間のオン抵抗（ＲＤｓ １ａｎｌ ）は、０
．０４Ω〜０．１２Ωにすることができる。もちろん、
より定格の大きなＭＯＳ ＦＥＴを使用すれば、さらに
、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴのドレイン・ソース間のオン抵抗（Ｒ
Ｉ、−＋。。、）を小さ（することが可能である。The switch elements 4 used here are, for example, 1286 (NEC) for 23, 1136 (Mitsubishi) for 23, 2
If you use a MOS FET such as 1137 (Mitsubishi) or 2SK1114 (Toshiba) for 3, the on-resistance (RDs 1anl) between the drain and source of the MOS FET will be 0.
．． 0.04Ω to 0.12Ω. of course,
If a MOS FET with a higher rating is used, the on-resistance between the drain and source of the MOS FET (R
I, -+. . ,) can be made small (.
また、制御手段５はコンパレータと基準電圧回路等を用
い、シュミット回路を構成すればよい。Further, the control means 5 may constitute a Schmitt circuit using a comparator, a reference voltage circuit, etc.
このような回路で、充電遮断電圧（■。１．）を８．５
Ｖ〜８．８■に設定する。さらに、制御手段５をＣＭＯ
Ｓ１、Ｃ，等で構成すれば、制御手段５の平均消費電流
を、１００μ八以下に押さえるのは容易である。With this kind of circuit, the charging cutoff voltage (■.1.) can be set to 8.5.
Set to V~8.8■. Furthermore, the control means 5 is
If configured with S1, C, etc., it is easy to suppress the average current consumption of the control means 5 to 100μ8 or less.
以上このような構成にすれば、この電源装置の動作電圧
域（５，５Ｖ〜８．４Ｖ）では、単に、電池３を２個直
列に接続した場合と全く同じように使用することが可能
であり、ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴにおける電力損失は、電源装置
の電力容量の３％以下程度に抑えることができる。With this configuration, within the operating voltage range of this power supply (5.5V to 8.4V), it can be used in exactly the same way as simply connecting two batteries 3 in series. Therefore, the power loss in the MOS FET can be suppressed to about 3% or less of the power capacity of the power supply device.
ここで、電源装置２が正常な充電条件（充電電流は２Ａ
以下で、かつ、電源装置２の端子間電圧が８．４Ｖ以下
の定電圧充電）を越えて充電が行われた場合、電源装置
２内の電池３の端子間電圧が充電遮断電圧（■。２．）
を越えれば、ただちに、充電回路が遮断され、電源装置
２内の電池３が危険な状態に至るのを未然に防止できる
。Here, the power supply device 2 is under normal charging conditions (charging current is 2A
If charging is performed at a constant voltage charge of 8.4 V or less and the voltage between the terminals of the power supply device 2 is 8.4 V or less, the voltage between the terminals of the battery 3 in the power supply device 2 is the charging cutoff voltage (■). 2.)
If it exceeds this, the charging circuit is immediately cut off, and it is possible to prevent the battery 3 in the power supply device 2 from reaching a dangerous state.
例えば、二次電池を２個直列に接続した組電池とこの電
源装置２を、２．ＯＡの定電流充電を行った場合で比較
を行えば、電池を２個直列に接続した組電池では、端子
間の電圧が９．６ｖを越えたあたりから異常発熱を始め
、ついには破裂に至る。ところが、この電源装置２では
電源装置２内の電池３の端子間電圧が充電遮断電圧（■
。□）を越えれば、ただちに、充電回路が遮断される。For example, if a battery pack in which two secondary batteries are connected in series and this power supply device 2 are used, 2. Comparing the case with constant current charging of OA, a battery with two batteries connected in series starts to generate abnormal heat when the voltage between the terminals exceeds 9.6V, and eventually explodes. . However, in this power supply device 2, the voltage between the terminals of the battery 3 in the power supply device 2 is the charging cutoff voltage (■
. □), the charging circuit is immediately cut off.
すなわち、通常の充電に比べれば、特性の劣化は数％大
きくなる場合もあるが、破裂等の危険な状態は回避され
、その後も安全に使用できる。That is, compared to normal charging, the deterioration of characteristics may be several percent greater, but dangerous conditions such as explosion are avoided, and the battery can be used safely thereafter.
［発明の効果１以上説明したように、本発明によれば、非常に簡単な構
成で、通常の二次電池と全く同じように使用でき、しか
も正常な充電条件を越えて電池が過充電される以前に、
電源装置の充電回路を遮断し、電源装置内の電池を過充
電から保護することができ、過充電による危険や特性の
劣化の虞れをな（することができる。[Advantageous Effects of the Invention 1] As explained above, according to the present invention, the structure is very simple and can be used in exactly the same way as a normal secondary battery. Before
It is possible to cut off the charging circuit of the power supply device and protect the battery in the power supply device from overcharging, thereby eliminating the risk of danger and deterioration of characteristics due to overcharging.
第１図は本発明の基本的構成を示すブロック図、第２図は本発明の一実施例の回路図、第３図（ａ） 、 （ｂ）は制御手段の出カバターンの
例を示す図である。１・・・負荷または充電器、２・・・電源装置、３・・・電池、４・・・スイッチ素子、５・・・制御手段、６・・・正極端子、７・・・負極端子、４１・・・ＭＯＳ ＦＥＴ、４１Ａ・・・寄生ダイオード。（Ｑ）Ｖｏｎ Ｖｏｆｆ （Ｖ＋−Ｖ−）（ｂ）第３図FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3(a) and (b) are diagrams showing an example of the output pattern of the control means. It is. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Load or charger, 2... Power supply device, 3... Battery, 4... Switch element, 5... Control means, 6... Positive electrode terminal, 7... Negative electrode terminal, 41...MOS FET, 41A...parasitic diode. (Q) Von Voff (V+-V-) (b) Figure 3
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2187991AJP3031969B2 (en) | 1990-07-18 | 1990-07-18 | Rechargeable power supply |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2187991AJP3031969B2 (en) | 1990-07-18 | 1990-07-18 | Rechargeable power supply |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0475431Atrue JPH0475431A (en) | 1992-03-10 |
| JP3031969B2 JP3031969B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2187991AExpired - LifetimeJP3031969B2 (en) | 1990-07-18 | 1990-07-18 | Rechargeable power supply |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3031969B2 (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0837302A (en)* | 1993-11-30 | 1996-02-06 | Siliconix Inc | Bidirectional current blocking switch using MOSFET, switch circuit using the same and power supply selecting method |
| US5789900A (en)* | 1994-12-05 | 1998-08-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Device for protecting a secondary battery from overcharge and overdischarge |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0837302A (en)* | 1993-11-30 | 1996-02-06 | Siliconix Inc | Bidirectional current blocking switch using MOSFET, switch circuit using the same and power supply selecting method |
| US5789900A (en)* | 1994-12-05 | 1998-08-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Device for protecting a secondary battery from overcharge and overdischarge |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3031969B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
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