【発明の詳細な説明】〈産業上の利用分野〉本発明は、人工歯根に関するものであり、特に人工歯根
が歯肉と接する部分から細菌が侵入し、歯肉部が炎症を
起こすことなく、かつ歯肉から腔内に出た部分に虫歯や
歯肉炎症の原因となる菌が付着しないようにした構造の
人工歯根に関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an artificial tooth root, and in particular, it prevents bacteria from entering from the part where the artificial tooth root contacts the gingiva and causes inflammation in the gingival area. This relates to an artificial tooth root that has a structure that prevents bacteria that cause cavities and gingival inflammation from adhering to the part that protrudes into the cavity.
〈従来の技術とその課題〉従来から知られているように、人工歯根にはアルミナ、
サファイア、チタン等の１ピースタイプ、２ピースタイ
プ、３ピースタイプのものがある。しかしながら、これ
らのタイプの人工歯根は歯肉に接する部分が、人工歯根
のポスト部、歯根部など同一の生体不活性な材質で作ら
れているために、人工歯根が歯肉と接する部分と結合し
なかった。そのために、人工歯根と歯肉との隙間から細
菌が侵入して、歯肉部が炎症を起こして、折角人工歯根
を入れても、再度抜かなければならないという問題点が
あった。<Conventional technology and its challenges> As has been known for a long time, artificial tooth roots contain alumina,
There are one-piece, two-piece, and three-piece types made of sapphire, titanium, etc. However, in these types of artificial tooth roots, the part that comes in contact with the gums is made of the same bioinert material as the post part and tooth root part of the artificial tooth root, so the artificial tooth root does not bond with the part that comes in contact with the gums. Ta. Therefore, there was a problem in that bacteria invaded through the gap between the artificial tooth root and the gingiva, causing inflammation in the gingival area, and even if an artificial tooth root was inserted, it had to be removed again.
そこで、この問題点を解消するために、′１ピースタイ
プのサファイア製の人工歯根で、歯頚部を鏡面状態に仕
上げたり、３ピースタイプのチタン製人工歯根の該部を
鏡面状態に仕上げたものがある。これらの人工歯根は歯
頚部を鏡面状態に仕上げることにより、人工歯根と歯肉
との隙間を無くすことを目的としている。しかし、人工
歯根を数本人れると、そのうち−本は人工歯根が歯肉と
接する部分に隙間が生じて、そこから細菌が侵入して歯
根部まで侵入してしまい、炎症などを起こして人工歯根
を抜かなければならないという問題点があった。Therefore, in order to solve this problem, we created a one-piece sapphire artificial tooth root with a mirror-like finish on the tooth neck, and a three-piece titanium artificial tooth root with a mirror-like finish on the neck. There is. The purpose of these artificial tooth roots is to eliminate the gap between the artificial tooth root and the gingiva by finishing the neck of the tooth in a mirror-like state. However, when several artificial tooth roots are inserted, a gap is created where the artificial tooth root contacts the gums, and bacteria can enter from there and invade the tooth root, causing inflammation and causing the artificial tooth root to become damaged. There was a problem that it had to be removed.
以上に述べた問題点を解消するために、歯頚部と歯肉と
が良く結合するように、この歯頚部にバイオガラス、Ｈ
ＡＰ、ＴＣＰなどの生体活性な材料を採用して歯肉との
結合を良くして、細菌が侵入しないようにすることが考
えられる。しかしながら、本発明者の研究によれば、人
工歯根をこのような構造にすると、歯肉から腔内に出て
いる生体活性材料を設けた人工歯根部分に細菌が付着し
て、歯肉の炎症や虫歯などの原因となることが判明した
。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, bioglass, H
It is conceivable to use bioactive materials such as AP and TCP to improve bonding with the gums and prevent bacteria from entering. However, according to the research of the present inventor, if the artificial tooth root is constructed in this way, bacteria will adhere to the artificial tooth root part containing the bioactive material that comes out from the gingiva into the cavity, leading to gingival inflammation and tooth decay. It has been found that this may be the cause.
本発明の目的は、前述した諸問題点を解決して、人工歯
根が歯肉と接する部分が良く歯肉と結合して、歯肉と人
工歯根との間に隙間が生じないようにするとともに、人
工歯根の歯頚部に細菌が付着して歯肉の炎症や虫歯など
が起こらないような構造の人工歯根を提供することにあ
る。It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, so that the part of the artificial tooth root that comes in contact with the gingiva is well bonded to the gingiva, so that no gap is created between the gingiva and the artificial tooth root, and the artificial tooth root is To provide an artificial tooth root having a structure that prevents bacteria from adhering to the tooth neck and causing inflammation of the gums and cavities.
〈問題点を解決するための手段〉本発明は、前述した従来の技術の問題点を解決して、前
記目的を達成するために、「人工歯根の歯頚部の歯肉と
接する部分を生体活性材料で構成し、かつ歯肉のうえに
出る部分の外表面を生体不活性材料で構成した人工歯根
」とすることにより、従来の技術の問題点を解決して、
前記目的を達成した。<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the problems of the conventional techniques described above and to achieve the above object, the present invention aims to ``incorporate bioactive material into the part of the tooth neck of an artificial tooth root that comes in contact with the gingiva. The problem with conventional technology has been solved by creating an artificial tooth root consisting of
The above objective was achieved.
更に、本発明を第１図を基にして詳細に説明する。第１
図の１は歯肉であり、ポスト部２、歯頚部３および歯根
部４とからなる人工歯根が歯肉１に埋設されており、人
工歯根が歯肉１と接していて、歯根部４に近い歯頚部下
部の少なくとも外表面は生体活性材料部５とする。この
生体活性材料としては、バイオガラス、ＨＡＰ、ＴＣＰ
、ウオラストナイト（ＷＯＬＬＡＳＴＯＮＩ ＴＥ）
、ディオプサイド（Ｄ Ｉ ＯＰＳ Ｉ ＤＥ） 、ア
ケルマナイト（ＡＫＥＲＭＡＮＩＴＥ） 、フォラスト
ナイト（ＦＯＲ８ＴＥＲＩＴＥ） 、等が挙げられる。Further, the present invention will be explained in detail based on FIG. 1st
1 in the figure is the gingiva, and an artificial tooth root consisting of a post part 2, a tooth neck part 3, and a tooth root part 4 is embedded in the gingiva 1, and the artificial tooth root is in contact with the gingiva 1, and the tooth neck part near the tooth root part 4 is At least the outer surface of the lower portion is made of bioactive material portion 5 . These bioactive materials include bioglass, HAP, and TCP.
, WOLLASTONI TE
, diopside (DIOPSIDE), AKERMANITE (AKERMANITE), FORASTONITE (FOR8TERITE), and the like.
一方、人工歯根の歯頚部３で、歯肉１より上の部分の少
なくとも外表面は生体不活性材料部６とする。この生体
不活性材料としては、アルミナ、サファイア、ジルコニ
ア、炭化珪素（Ｓ ｉ Ｃ）などのセラミックス、チタ
ン、ステンレスなどの金属材料を使用し、人体に無害な
材料とする。On the other hand, at least the outer surface of the portion above the gum 1 of the tooth neck 3 of the artificial tooth root is made of a bioinert material portion 6. As this bioinert material, ceramics such as alumina, sapphire, zirconia, and silicon carbide (S i C), and metal materials such as titanium and stainless steel are used, and these materials are harmless to the human body.
なお、ポスト部２には、クラウンが付けられるようにな
っている。Note that a crown can be attached to the post portion 2.
また、第１図に図示した人工歯根は、１ピースタイプ、
２ピースタイプ、３ピ一スタイ性材料部６と、生体活性
材料部５と、歯根部および生体不活性材料部６と、生体
活性材料部５と、歯根部４とに分割したり、ポスト部２
と、生体不活性材料部６および生体活性材料部５と、歯
根部４とに分割したり、ポスト部２および生体不活性材
料部６と、生体活性材料部５と、歯根部４とに分割した
３ピースタイプ、ポスト部２および生体活性材料部６と
、歯根部４および生体活性材料部５とに分割したりなど
する２ピースタイプが挙げられる。人工歯根を２〜４ピ
ースタイプにした場合には、各ピースはネジ結合、接着
剤などの材料部５および歯根部４が一体となっている１
ピースタイプのものも含む。In addition, the artificial tooth root shown in Figure 1 is a one-piece type,
2-piece type, 3-piece type, divided into 3-piece tying material part 6, bioactive material part 5, tooth root part and bioinert material part 6, bioactive material part 5, and tooth root part 4, or post part. 2
and the bioinert material part 6, the bioactive material part 5, and the tooth root part 4, or the post part 2, the bioinert material part 6, the bioactive material part 5, and the tooth root part 4. Examples include a three-piece type, which is divided into a post part 2 and a bioactive material part 6, and a tooth root part 4 and a bioactive material part 5, and a two-piece type. When the artificial tooth root is made into a 2- to 4-piece type, each piece has a material part 5 such as a screw connection, adhesive, etc., and a tooth root part 4 integrated into 1.
Including peace type ones.
また、歯頚部３の生体不活性材料部６および生体活性材
料部５は、前述した生体活性材料、生体不活性材料のみ
から、それぞれを構成してもよいし、歯頚部３の生体活
性材料部５および生体不活性材料部６の対応部分に、前
述した生体活性材料、生体不活性材料をスパッタ、溶射
、接着などにより、被覆層として形成してもよい。Further, the bioinactive material portion 6 and the bioactive material portion 5 of the tooth neck portion 3 may each be composed of only the above-mentioned bioactive material and bioinactive material, or the bioactive material portion of the tooth neck portion 3 The above-mentioned bioactive material or bioinert material may be formed as a coating layer on the corresponding portions of the bioactive material portion 5 and the bioinactive material portion 6 by sputtering, thermal spraying, adhesion, or the like.
尚、生体活性材料５の寸法は植設すべき歯の位置にもよ
るが、一般に２〜５ｍｍ程度であり 、歯肉部より下の
部分は全て生体活性材料で設ける事もできる。また歯頚
部３の生体不活性材料部６は、一般に１〜３ ｍ ｍ程
度の範囲である。The size of the bioactive material 5 depends on the position of the tooth to be implanted, but is generally about 2 to 5 mm, and the entire portion below the gingival region may be made of bioactive material. Furthermore, the bioinert material portion 6 of the tooth neck 3 generally ranges from about 1 to 3 mm.
また、歯頚部３のうち、歯肉と接する部分を生体活性材
料部５とし、歯肉より上の部分を生体活性材料部６が対
応するよう埋入するには、歯肉の厚みに対応して、人工
歯根の埋入深さを調整する事により行う事ができる。In addition, in order to implant the tooth neck 3 so that the bioactive material part 5 corresponds to the part in contact with the gingiva and the bioactive material part 6 corresponds to the part above the gingiva, it is necessary to This can be done by adjusting the implantation depth of the tooth root.
しかし、歯の位置によっては埋入量を調整しずらい場合
もあるので、その場合には、歯頚部３、生体活性材料部
５、生体不活性材料部６の寸法を種々変えた人工歯根を
複数用意しておき、適合する人工歯根を選択して用いる
事が好ましい。However, depending on the position of the tooth, it may be difficult to adjust the amount of implantation, so in that case, an artificial tooth root with various dimensions of the tooth neck 3, bioactive material section 5, and bioinert material section 6 may be used. It is preferable to prepare multiple artificial tooth roots and select a suitable artificial tooth root for use.
顎骨形状、歯肉部は、Ｘ線等で測定する事ができる。The shape of the jawbone and gums can be measured using X-rays, etc.
特に第１図に示すごとく人工骨板の形状を、顎骨のち畜
骨部８に対応する人工歯根部を大径部９にして、咬合時
の応力緩和を図る形状とした場合には、埋入量を大きく
調整する事ができないので寸法を変えた人工歯根を種々
用意する事が特に好ましい。In particular, when the shape of the artificial bone plate is such that the artificial tooth root part corresponding to the jawbone bone part 8 is made into a large diameter part 9 to relieve stress during occlusion, as shown in FIG. Since the amount cannot be greatly adjusted, it is particularly preferable to prepare various artificial tooth roots with different dimensions.
′ く作用〉本発明では、人工歯根の歯頚部３の歯肉１内に埋まる部
分が生体活性材料部５となっているので、歯肉１と良く
結合して人工歯根と歯肉１との間に隙間が生じに＜＜、
歯肉１内に細菌が侵入しなくなる。また、人工歯 根の
歯頚部３で歯肉１に埋まらないル告＾４チ？部分は生体
不活性材料部６となっているので、細菌が付着しに＜＜
、付着してもブラッシング等で簡単にとれるため、歯肉
が炎症を起こしたり虫歯などの原因となりにくい。In the present invention, the bioactive material part 5 is the part of the tooth neck 3 of the artificial tooth root that is buried in the gingiva 1, so it bonds well with the gingiva 1 and reduces the gap between the artificial tooth root and the gingiva 1. <<,
Bacteria will no longer invade the gums 1. Also, are there any complaints about the artificial tooth root not being buried in the gum 1 at the neck 3? The part is made of bioinert material 6, so bacteria can't attach to it.
Even if it sticks, it can be easily removed by brushing, etc., so it is less likely to cause inflammation of the gums or cavities.
〈実施例〉次に、本発明の一実施例を第２図ぬいし第４図に基づい
て、詳細に述べる。<Example> Next, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on FIG. 2 to FIG. 4.
まず、本発明の人工歯根のサンプルを５本性材料部に当
たる個所に、長さ１．５ｍｍにわたりＲＡＰをスパッタ
したものである。つぎに、アルミナ製の人工歯根で、１
ピースタイプのもので、生体活性材料部に当たる個所に
長さ２．Ｏｍｍにわたりディオプサイド（ＤＩＯＰＳＩ
ＤＥ）をスパッタしたものである。つぎに、
−” 歯頚部３をディオプサイドとチタンとし、そ
の長さを３．Ｏｍｍとしたディオプサイドの生体活性材
料部５と、その長さを２．０ｍｍとしたチタンの生体不
活性材料部６を１１５０℃の温度で溶着した人工歯根の
サンプルを用意した。つぎに、チタン製の人工歯根で、
チタンの歯頚部の生体活性材料部に当たる個所に、長さ
３．０ｍｍにわたり、ディオプサイドをスパッタしたサ
ンプルを用意した。第３図に図示したように、チタン製
のポスト部２下部の生体不活性材料部６の下にＨＡＰ製
の生体活性材料部５をバナビアと呼ばれる接着剤にて接
着した人工歯根のサンプルを用意した。最後に、第４図
に図示したように、チタン製の人工歯根で歯根部にディ
オプサイド（ＤＩＯＰＳＥＤＥ）を溶射したもので、歯
頚部の生体活性材料部に当たる個所に長さ２、Ｏｍｍに
わたり、ディオプサイド（ＤＩＯＰＳＩＤＥ）をスパッ
タしたサンプルを用意した。First, a sample of the artificial tooth root of the present invention was sputtered with RAP over a length of 1.5 mm on the five-pronged material portion. Next, with an artificial tooth root made of alumina, 1
It is a piece type and has a length of 2. Omm Diopside (DIOPSI)
DE) was sputtered. next,
-” The tooth neck part 3 is made of diopside and titanium, the diopside bioactive material part 5 has a length of 3.0 mm, and the titanium bioinactive material part 6 has a length of 2.0 mm. We prepared a sample of an artificial tooth root that was welded at a temperature of 1150°C.Next, we prepared a sample of an artificial tooth root made of titanium.
A sample was prepared in which diopside was sputtered over a length of 3.0 mm at a location corresponding to the bioactive material part of the titanium tooth neck. As shown in Fig. 3, a sample of an artificial tooth root is prepared in which a bioactive material part 5 made of HAP is adhered with an adhesive called Vanavia under a bioinert material part 6 at the bottom of a post part 2 made of titanium. did. Finally, as shown in Figure 4, an artificial tooth root made of titanium was sprayed with diopside (DIOPSEDE) over a length of 20 mm at the location corresponding to the bioactive material part of the tooth neck. A sample sputtered with diopside was prepared.
次に、比較のために、３ピースタイプのチタン製人工歯
根で歯頚部がチタンであるサンプルと、アルミナ製の人
工歯根で１ピースタイプのもので、歯頚部がアルミナの
サンプルと、ＨＡＰ製人工歯根で１ピースタイプのもの
で、歯頚部がＨＡＰであるサンプルを用意した。Next, for comparison, a sample of a 3-piece type artificial tooth root made of titanium with a tooth neck made of titanium, a sample of a 1-piece type artificial tooth root made of alumina with a tooth neck made of alumina, and a sample of a HAP artificial tooth root with a tooth neck made of alumina. A sample with a one-piece tooth root and a HAP tooth neck was prepared.
計８本の人工歯根を犬の顎に植立して歯冠を装着し、３
ケ月後に殺した。本発明の実施例の５本の人工歯根サン
プルにおいては、歯肉は歯頚部下部と結合するとともに
、歯頚部上部に細菌が着くことはなかった。しかし、比
較のために用いたサンプルにおいては、前二本の人工歯
根は歯肉と結合せずに歯根部が炎症を起こしているもの
があった。また後者の人工歯根については細菌が付着し
、そのため歯肉が炎症を起こしはじめていた。A total of 8 artificial tooth roots were implanted in the dog's jaw, a dental crown was attached, and 3
I killed him a few months later. In the five artificial tooth root samples of Examples of the present invention, the gingiva was bonded to the lower part of the tooth neck, and bacteria did not adhere to the upper part of the tooth neck. However, in the samples used for comparison, the two front artificial tooth roots did not connect with the gingiva and the roots of the teeth were inflamed. In addition, bacteria had adhered to the latter artificial tooth root, and the gums had begun to become inflamed.
〈発明の効果〉以上詳細に述べたように、本発明によれば、人工歯根は
生体活性材料部を有しているので、歯肉が人工歯根に良
く結合して細菌が歯肉内に侵入して歯根、歯肉の炎症が
起こりにくい。<Effects of the Invention> As described in detail above, according to the present invention, since the artificial tooth root has a bioactive material part, the gingiva is well bonded to the artificial tooth root, and bacteria cannot invade into the gingiva. Inflammation of tooth roots and gums is less likely to occur.
さらに、本発明の人工歯根は生体不活性材料部を有して
いるので、歯頚部の腔内に出た部分に細菌が付着しない
ので、歯肉が炎症を起こしたり虫歯が発生することを防
止する事ができる。Furthermore, since the artificial tooth root of the present invention has a biologically inert material part, bacteria will not adhere to the part that comes out into the cavity of the tooth neck, thereby preventing inflammation of the gums and the occurrence of cavities. I can do things.
第１図は、本発明の人工歯根の基本的な構造を示す図で
ある。□ 第２図および第３図は、本発明の一実施例の人工歯
根を示す図である。第４図は、本発明の他の実施例の人工歯根を示す図であ
る。符号の説明１・・・歯肉２・・・ポスト部３・・・歯頚部４・・・歯根部５・・・生体活性材料部６・・・生体不活性材料部７・・・歯冠８・・・顎骨のち畜骨部９・・・人工歯根太径部第１図宅４図第３図FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the basic structure of the artificial tooth root of the present invention. □ FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an artificial tooth root according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an artificial tooth root according to another embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of symbols 1...Gingiva 2...Post part 3...Tooth neck part 4...Tooth root part 5...Bioactive material part 6...Bioinactive material part 7...Tooth crown 8 ... Jaw bone, bone part 9 ... Artificial tooth root diameter part Fig. 1 House 4 Fig. 3
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2312505AJPH04183463A (en) | 1990-11-16 | 1990-11-16 | Artificial tooth root |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2312505AJPH04183463A (en) | 1990-11-16 | 1990-11-16 | Artificial tooth root |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04183463Atrue JPH04183463A (en) | 1992-06-30 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2312505APendingJPH04183463A (en) | 1990-11-16 | 1990-11-16 | Artificial tooth root |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04183463A (en) |
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| Muller | The use of magnets in orthodontics: an alternative means to produce tooth movement | |
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| Nordland et al. | A Connective Tissue Graft as a Biologic Alternative to Class V Restorations in Miller Class I and II Recession Defects: Case Series. | |
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| Deporter et al. | A possible “rescue” procedure for dental implants with a textured surface geometry: a case report | |
| Happe et al. | Biologic interfaces in esthetic dentistry. Part II: the peri-implant/restorative interface | |
| Kanca 3rd | Adhesion to enamel, dentin, metal, and porcelain | |
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