【発明の詳細な説明】［発明の目的コ〈産業上の利用分野〉本発明は、リーダライタにて情報の授受が行われる磁気
カード、ＩＣカード、光カード等の情報記憶カードが偽
造されることを防止するべく、リーダライタにて識別す
るための情報記憶カードの識別構造とその方法と情報記
憶カードに関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Purpose of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is directed to counterfeiting of information storage cards such as magnetic cards, IC cards, and optical cards in which information is exchanged by a reader/writer. In order to prevent this, the present invention relates to an identification structure and method of an information storage card for identification by a reader/writer, and an information storage card.
〈従来の技術〉従来から、例えば磁気カードが偽造されることを防止す
るべく磁気層を多層構造としたり、バーコード若しくは
磁気バーコードをカードの表面に設けたり、また再使用
しない磁気カードにあっては磁気記録面に使用後にノぐ
フチ孔を穿設する等の方法が実施されていた。<Prior art> For example, in order to prevent magnetic cards from being counterfeited, magnetic layers have been made to have a multilayer structure, barcodes or magnetic barcodes have been provided on the surface of the card, and magnetic cards that are not reused have been developed. In some cases, methods such as drilling edge holes in the magnetic recording surface after use have been implemented.
しかるに、上記各方法では偽造する側が比較的容易にそ
の構造を解析し得ると共に比較的安価な装置を用いてカ
ードを偽造することができると云う問題があった。また
、カード自体の内部構造を複雑化することが考えられる
が、カードに対して読取り／書込みを行うリーダライタ
が複雑化し、大型化する問題がある。However, each of the above methods has the problem that the counterfeiter can relatively easily analyze the structure of the card and can counterfeit the card using relatively inexpensive equipment. Furthermore, it is possible to complicate the internal structure of the card itself, but there is a problem in that the reader/writer that reads/writes to the card becomes complicated and larger.
〈発明が解決しようとする問題点〉このような従来技術の問題点に鑑み、本発明の主な目的
は、偽造することが困難であると共に正規のカードであ
ることを識別することが容易な情報記憶カードの識別構
造とその方法と情報記憶カードを提供することにある。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> In view of these problems of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a card that is difficult to forge and easy to identify as a genuine card. An object of the present invention is to provide an identification structure and method for an information storage card, and an information storage card.
［発明の構成］〈課題を解決するための手段〉このような目的は、本発明によれば、リーダライタにて
情報の授受を行う情報記憶カードの識別構造であって、
前記カードが、固有の反射特性の回折格子部を表面に有
し、前記リーダライタが、前記回折格子部に向けて照明
光を照射する手段と、前記回折格子部に向けて照射され
た照明光の反射光を受光する手段と、前記受光手段に受
光された前記反射光の強度を検知して前記カードが正規
のカードであることを識別する手段とを有することを特
徴とする情報記憶カードの識別構造及び固有の反射特性
の回折格子部を表面に有する情報記憶カードを、該カー
ドに対して情報の授受を行うリーダライタにて識別する
ための方法であって、前記回折格子部に向けて前記反射
特性に応じた照明光を照射し、前記回折格子部に向けて
照射された照明光の反射光を前記反射特性に応じた位置
にて受光し、前記受光手段に受光された前記反射光の強
度が所定の範囲にあるときに正規のカードであることを
識別することを特徴とする情報記憶カードの識別方法及
びリーダライタにて情報の授受を行う情報記憶カードで
あって、光学的識別手段をもって識別可能な固有の反射
特性の回折格子部を表面に有すること特徴とする情報記
憶カードを提供することにより遠戚される。[Structure of the Invention] <Means for Solving the Problems> According to the present invention, such an object is an identification structure of an information storage card that exchanges information with a reader/writer,
The card has a diffraction grating portion with unique reflection characteristics on its surface, and the reader/writer includes means for irradiating illumination light toward the diffraction grating portion, and illumination light irradiated toward the diffraction grating portion. and means for detecting the intensity of the reflected light received by the light receiving means to identify that the card is a regular card. A method for identifying an information storage card having a diffraction grating section with an identification structure and unique reflection characteristics on its surface using a reader/writer that sends and receives information to and from the card, the method comprising: pointing toward the diffraction grating section; irradiating the illumination light according to the reflection characteristic, receiving the reflected light of the illumination light irradiated toward the diffraction grating section at a position according to the reflection characteristic, and the reflected light received by the light receiving means. An identification method for an information storage card, characterized in that the card is identified as a legitimate card when the strength of the card is within a predetermined range, and an information storage card that sends and receives information using a reader/writer, the information storage card being an optical identification card. The present invention is further improved by providing an information storage card characterized by having on its surface a diffraction grating portion with unique reflection characteristics that can be identified by means.
〈作用〉このようにすれば、カードの識別が複雑化することがな
く、かつカードに設けられた回折格子部を解析しかつ、
偽造するのは困難であるため、カードの偽造を確実に防
止できる。<Operation> By doing this, card identification will not be complicated, and the diffraction grating section provided on the card can be analyzed, and
Since it is difficult to forge, counterfeiting of cards can be reliably prevented.
〈実施例〉以下、本発明の好適実施例を添付の図面について詳しく
説明する。<Embodiments> Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図は本発明に基づく第１の実施例であり、磁気カー
ド１及びカードリーダライタ内の要部構造を模式的に示
す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a first embodiment based on the present invention, and is a perspective view schematically showing the main structure of a magnetic card 1 and a card reader/writer.
カード１は、矢印の方向、即ち第１図に於ける略左右方
向に図示されない搬送ローラ等により駆動され、磁気ヘ
ッド３の位置にてカード１の主面１ａに設けられた磁気
ストライプ２に対して情報の書込み／読出しが行われる
ようになっている。The card 1 is driven by a conveyance roller (not shown) in the direction of the arrow, that is, approximately in the left-right direction in FIG. Writing/reading of information is performed using
一方、カード１の主面１ａの肩部近傍位置には回折格子
部４が設けられている。この回折格子部４は、数百本／
ｍｍ〜数千本／ｍｍの溝からなり、該回折格子部に角度
θ（をなす方向から照射された所定波長の照明光を、そ
の照射方向に対して角度θ２をなす方向に反射するよう
になっている。On the other hand, a diffraction grating section 4 is provided at a position near the shoulder of the main surface 1a of the card 1. This diffraction grating section 4 has several hundred lines/
mm to several thousand grooves/mm, and is configured to reflect illumination light of a predetermined wavelength irradiated onto the diffraction grating portion from a direction forming an angle θ (in a direction forming an angle θ2 with respect to the irradiation direction). It has become.
カードリーダライタ側には、カード１の回折格子部４に
レーザ光からなる照明光を照射する手段としての発光素
子５が設けられている。この発光素子５は、カード１が
第１図に実線に示す位置にあるときに上記回折格子部４
に角度θｉをなす方向から照明光を照射するようになっ
ている。また、回折格子部４と発光素子５との間には該
発光素子から回折格子部４に向けて照射された光を平行
光にするためのレンズ６が設けらている。更に、発光素
子５から照射された光が回折格子部４にて反射する方向
に該回折格子と所定の間隔をもって）オドダイオードか
らなる受光素子７が設けられている。受光素子７にはカ
ード１が正規のカードであるか否かを識別する回路８が
接続されている。On the card reader/writer side, a light emitting element 5 is provided as a means for irradiating the diffraction grating section 4 of the card 1 with illumination light consisting of a laser beam. This light emitting element 5 is connected to the diffraction grating section 4 when the card 1 is in the position shown by the solid line in FIG.
The illumination light is emitted from a direction forming an angle θi. Further, a lens 6 is provided between the diffraction grating section 4 and the light emitting element 5 to convert the light emitted from the light emitting element toward the diffraction grating section 4 into parallel light. Further, a light receiving element 7 made of an odd diode is provided in the direction in which the light emitted from the light emitting element 5 is reflected by the diffraction grating part 4, at a predetermined distance from the diffraction grating. A circuit 8 is connected to the light receiving element 7 for identifying whether or not the card 1 is a legitimate card.
実際にカード１の識別を行うには、カードリーダライタ
内に挿入されたカード１を発光素子５と直交する位置に
保持し、発光素子５から回折格子部４に向けて照明光を
照射する。そして、回折格子部４に反射された光が受光
素子７に向けて反射し、所定の強度となった場合にカー
ド１が正規のカードであると識別する。従って、例えば
カードを偽造する目的でこのカード１を入手しても、こ
の回折格子を解析することは困難であるばかりでなく、
同様の回折格子を作成するのに多大なコストを要するこ
とから偽造防止効果が極めて高くなる。To actually identify the card 1, the card 1 inserted into the card reader/writer is held at a position orthogonal to the light emitting element 5, and illumination light is irradiated from the light emitting element 5 toward the diffraction grating section 4. Then, when the light reflected by the diffraction grating section 4 is reflected toward the light receiving element 7 and reaches a predetermined intensity, the card 1 is identified as a legitimate card. Therefore, even if you obtain this card 1 for the purpose of forging a card, for example, it is not only difficult to analyze this diffraction grating, but also
Since it requires a great deal of cost to create a similar diffraction grating, the anti-counterfeiting effect is extremely high.
第２図は、本発明の基づく第２の実施例を示す第１図と
同様の図であり、第１の実施例と同様の部分には同一の
符号を付しその詳細な説明を省略する。尚、以下の第２
及び第３の実施例に対応する図面については磁気ヘッド
３及び識別回路８を省略する。FIG. 2 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1 showing a second embodiment based on the present invention, and parts similar to those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. . In addition, the following second
In the drawings corresponding to the third embodiment, the magnetic head 3 and identification circuit 8 are omitted.
本実施例では、発光素子１５に、例えば２波長レーザ等
複数のレーザチップを１パツケージ内に収納したもの等
、波長の異なる２つの光源を有する発光素子が用いられ
ている。また、各々の波長に対応して、照明光の光軸に
対して角度θ３、θ４をなす方向に回折格子部４と離間
する位置に受光素子１７．１８が設けられている。従っ
て、本実施例では、発光素子１５から回折格子部４に照
射された照明光を各受光素子１７．１８にて受光し、各
受光強度が所定値以上であった場合にカード１が正規の
カードであると識別する。それ以外の構成は第１の実施
例と同様である。In this embodiment, the light emitting element 15 is a light emitting element having two light sources with different wavelengths, such as one in which a plurality of laser chips such as a two-wavelength laser are housed in one package. Furthermore, light receiving elements 17 and 18 are provided at positions spaced apart from the diffraction grating section 4 in directions forming angles θ3 and θ4 with respect to the optical axis of the illumination light, corresponding to each wavelength. Therefore, in this embodiment, the illumination light irradiated from the light emitting element 15 to the diffraction grating section 4 is received by each of the light receiving elements 17 and 18, and if each received light intensity is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the card 1 is certified as a regular card. Identify it as a card. The rest of the configuration is the same as the first embodiment.
第３図は、本発明に基づく第３の実施例を示す第１図及
び第２図と同様の図である。本実施例では、カード２１
の主面２１ａに設けられた回折格子部２４が各々異なる
反射特性を有する回折格子２４ａ、２４ｂに２分割され
ている。また、カードリーダライタ内の各回折格子２４
ａ、２４ｂに対応する位置、即ち回折格子部２４と照明
光の光軸に対して角度θ５、θ６をなす方向に離間する
位置に受光素子２７．２８が設けられている。FIG. 3 is a diagram similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing a third embodiment based on the present invention. In this embodiment, the card 21
The diffraction grating portion 24 provided on the main surface 21a is divided into two diffraction gratings 24a and 24b each having different reflection characteristics. In addition, each diffraction grating 24 in the card reader/writer
Light-receiving elements 27 and 28 are provided at positions corresponding to a and 24b, that is, at positions spaced apart in directions forming angles θ5 and θ6 with respect to the diffraction grating portion 24 and the optical axis of the illumination light.
本実施例によれば、発光素子５から回折格子部２４に照
射された照明光を各受光素子２７．２８にて受光し、各
受光強度が所定値以上であった場合にカード２１が正規
のカードであると識別する。According to this embodiment, the illumination light irradiated from the light emitting element 5 to the diffraction grating section 24 is received by each of the light receiving elements 27, 28, and if the intensity of each received light is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the card 21 is authenticated. Identify it as a card.
従って、第１の実施例よりも一部カード偽造防止効果が
高くなっている。それ以外の構成は第１の実施例と同様
である。Therefore, the effect of preventing card counterfeiting is partially higher than that of the first embodiment. The rest of the configuration is the same as the first embodiment.
尚、本発明は上記実施例に限定されず様々な応用が可能
なであることは云うまでもなく、例えば互いに特性の異
なる回折格子部をカードの表面に複数設け、−層高度な
識別を行ったり、カードの使用状態に応じて異なる識別
部にて識別を行っても良い。また、上記各実施例では発
光素子から回折格子部にレンズを介して照明光を照射し
たが、その光路中にミラー、プリズム等を挿入し、光路
を変向しても良く、受光素子にフォトダイオード以外に
ポジショニング・センシング・デバイス（Ｐ Ｓ Ｄ）
等を用いても良い。更に、上記各実施例では回折格子部
をカードの主面側に設けたが、カードの背面側に設けた
り、カードの一部を透明にして照明光を透過させる回折
格子を用いても良い。It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and can be applied in various ways. Alternatively, the identification may be performed using different identification sections depending on the state of use of the card. Further, in each of the above embodiments, illumination light is irradiated from the light emitting element to the diffraction grating section through the lens, but a mirror, prism, etc. may be inserted in the optical path to change the optical path, and the light can be directed to the light receiving element. Positioning sensing devices (PSD) other than diodes
etc. may also be used. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the diffraction grating section is provided on the main surface of the card, but it may be provided on the back side of the card, or a diffraction grating may be provided on the back side of the card, or a portion of the card may be made transparent to allow illumination light to pass through.
し発明の効果］このように本発明によれば、固有の反射特性を有する回
折格子部をカードの表面に設け、リーダライタにてこの
回折格子部に照明光を照射し、反射された光を所定の位
置にて受光手段により受光し、その強度をもって正規の
カードであることを識別するようにすることで、カード
の偽造を目的として、上記回折格子を解析することが困
難となり、かつ回折格子を作成するのに多大なコストを
要することから実質的にカードの偽造が不可能となる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a diffraction grating portion having unique reflection characteristics is provided on the surface of the card, illumination light is irradiated onto the diffraction grating portion with a reader/writer, and the reflected light is reflected. By receiving light at a predetermined position by a light receiving means and identifying a genuine card based on its intensity, it becomes difficult to analyze the above-mentioned diffraction grating for the purpose of counterfeiting a card, and the diffraction grating It is virtually impossible to counterfeit cards because it costs a lot of money to create them.
また、カードを識別するのは、回折格子部に照明光を照
射し、受光手段に受光された光の強度を検知するのみで
あり、リーダライタに設けられる設備が大型化／複雑化
することがない。以上のことから本発明の効果は大であ
る。In addition, the only way to identify a card is to irradiate the diffraction grating with illumination light and detect the intensity of the light received by the light receiving means, which can increase the size and complexity of the equipment installed in the reader/writer. do not have. From the above, the effects of the present invention are significant.
第１図は、本発明に基づく第１の実施例を示す磁気カー
ド及びカードリーダライタの要部構成斜視図である。第２図は、本発明に基づく第２の実施例を示す第１図と
同様の図である。第３図は、本発明に基づく第３の実施例を示すす第１図
及び第２図と同様の図である。１・・・カード １ａ・・・主面２・・・磁気
ストライプ ３・・・磁気ヘッド４・・・回折格子部
５・・・発光素子６・・・レンズ ７・・
・受光素子８・・・識別回路 １４・・・回折格
子部１５・・・発光素子 １７．１８・・・受光素
子２１・・・カード ２１ａ・・・主面２４・・
・回折格子部 ２４ａ、２４ｂ・・・回折格子２７．
２８・・・受光素子FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part configuration of a magnetic card and a card reader/writer showing a first embodiment based on the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1 showing a second embodiment based on the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, showing a third embodiment based on the present invention. 1...Card 1a...Main surface 2...Magnetic stripe 3...Magnetic head 4...Diffraction grating section
5... Light emitting element 6... Lens 7...
- Light receiving element 8... Identification circuit 14... Diffraction grating section 15... Light emitting element 17.18... Light receiving element 21... Card 21a... Principal surface 24...
- Diffraction grating portions 24a, 24b...Diffraction grating 27.
28... Light receiving element
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1209066AJPH0371384A (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1989-08-11 | Information storage card and structure and method for identifying same card |
| EP19900113539EP0412316B1 (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1990-07-14 | Authenticity identifying system for information storage cards |
| DE1990627071DE69027071T2 (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1990-07-14 | Authenticity detection device for information memory cards |
| US07/782,976US5200794A (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1991-10-24 | Optical head for an optical authenticity identifing system |
| US07/788,569US5291006A (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1991-11-06 | Authenticity identifying system for information storage cards |
| US08/036,016US5442433A (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1993-03-23 | Identification system for an article having individually attached patches |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1209066AJPH0371384A (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1989-08-11 | Information storage card and structure and method for identifying same card |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0371384Atrue JPH0371384A (en) | 1991-03-27 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1209066APendingJPH0371384A (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1989-08-11 | Information storage card and structure and method for identifying same card |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0371384A (en) |
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| JPH0573738A (en)* | 1991-04-16 | 1993-03-26 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | Object discriminating structure |
| JPH05307633A (en)* | 1992-04-28 | 1993-11-19 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | Identification structure for object and its identifying method |
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