【発明の詳細な説明】〈産業上の利用分野〉本発明は、種々の薬剤を経皮的に投与する装置に間ずる
Ｊ）のである．〈従来の技術〉薬剤の投与法には、注射等による経血管、内服薬等の経
口、座薬等の経粘膜、外用薬や貼薬等の経皮による方法
等がある。これらの薬剤投与法の内、外用薬や貼り薬等
は薬剤投与のスピードが遅く、主として、皮膚や筋肉の
疾患を中心とした患部に直接塗布または貼付する使用法
が主流であった。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to devices for transdermally administering various drugs. <Prior Art> Methods for administering drugs include transvascular methods such as injections, oral methods such as internal medicine, transmucosal methods such as suppositories, and transdermal methods such as external medicines and patches. Among these drug administration methods, topical drugs and plasters are slow in administering drugs, and the main method of use has been to apply or paste them directly onto affected areas, mainly for skin and muscle diseases.
しかし近年は、インシュリンやニトログリセリン等のよ
うに長時間少量ずつ継続的に投与する方が望ましい薬剤
で、経皮的投与が行われている。However, in recent years, drugs such as insulin and nitroglycerin, which are preferably administered in small doses over a long period of time, have been administered transdermally.
これらの経皮的投与のスピードを上げるために、特にイ
オン性の薬剤では、イオン導入法（例えば、特開昭５４
−１０９２７９号公報、特開昭６０−１８８１７６号公
報等）や、超音波振動を利用する方法（例えば、特開昭
５２−１１５５９１号公報、特開昭６３−１３５１７９
号公報）等が考案されているが、イオン導入法はイオン
性の薬剤でないと使用できず、また、電極がはがれる等
の原因で、接触面積が小さくなると、局所的渦雷滓通雷
のために熱傷を４：しることがある．また、超音波振動
を利用する場合でも、効果がよう十分とは言えず、パワーを上げみとすると、発熱する等
の問題があった。In order to increase the speed of transdermal administration, especially for ionic drugs, iontophoresis (e.g., Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54
-109279, JP-A-60-188176, etc.), methods using ultrasonic vibrations (e.g., JP-A-52-115591, JP-A-63-135179, etc.);
However, iontophoresis can only be used with ionic agents, and if the contact area becomes small due to electrode peeling, etc., local vortex lightning strikes may occur. 4: May cause burns. Further, even when ultrasonic vibrations are used, the effect is not sufficient, and when trying to increase the power, there are problems such as heat generation.
〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉本発明は、使用電流が少なく、かつ超音波のパワーが少
なくても十分な導入効果が得られ、安全性の高い経皮的
薬剤投与器を提供することを目的とするものである。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention aims to provide a highly safe transdermal drug administration device that uses a small amount of current and can obtain a sufficient introduction effect even when the power of ultrasonic waves is small. This is the purpose.
〈課題を解決するための手段〉すなわち本発明は、経皮的に薬剤を投与する薬剤投与器
であって、少なくとも超音波振動体とイオン導入電極Ｉ
とを有し、薬剤を保持・浸透させる作用部、イオン導入
電極■と対をなすイオン導入電極ＩＩ、前記超音波振動
体に電力を供給するための超音波発振器、及びイオン導
入電極Ｉ．■間に電力を供給するための直流電源から構
成され、超音波振動とイオン導入との相乗作用によって
薬剤の経皮吸収を促進することを特徴とする薬剤投与器
である。<Means for Solving the Problem> That is, the present invention provides a drug administering device for percutaneously administering a drug, which comprises at least an ultrasonic vibrator and an iontophoresis electrode I.
an iontophoresis electrode II that is paired with the iontophoresis electrode (1), an ultrasonic oscillator for supplying power to the ultrasonic vibrator, and an iontophoresis electrode I. (2) This drug administration device is comprised of a DC power source for supplying power between the two, and is characterized by promoting transdermal absorption of drugs through the synergistic effect of ultrasonic vibration and iontophoresis.
以下、図面により本発明を詳しく説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.
第ｌ図は本発明の一実施例となる薬剤投与器の構戒を示
す図である。本発明による薬剤投与器は図示した通り、
作用部（１）、超音波発振器（２）、イオン導入電極■
（３）、及び直流電源（４）の４部分から基本的に構成
され、さらに、作用部（１）は両側に絶縁部（５）を配
設した超音波振動体（６）とイオン導入電極■（７）と
からなっている。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a drug administering device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the drug administering device according to the present invention includes:
Action part (1), ultrasonic oscillator (2), iontophoresis electrode■
(3), and a DC power supply (4), and furthermore, the action part (1) includes an ultrasonic vibrator (6) with insulating parts (5) on both sides and an iontophoresis electrode. ■It consists of (7).
作用部（１）は、そのイオン導入電極Ｉ（７）の面に薬
剤（８）を展着して患者の皮膚（９）に貼付されるもの
で、薬剤（８）が衣類等によってこすれて除去されない
ように保護する他に、イオン導入電極Ｉ（７）とその近
傍に貼付されたイオン導入電極■（３）との間に直流電
源（４）から電流を流すことによってイオン導入すると
共に、超音波発振器（２）からの電力を超音波振動体（
６） （ ｝ランスデューサー）によって機械的振動に
変換し、作用部（１）の全体もしくはその一部が超音波
振動するものである。イオン導入の作用と超音波振動の
相乗効果によって、薬剤（８）の皮膚（９）への浸透が
促進される。The action part (1) spreads the drug (8) on the surface of the iontophoresis electrode I (7) and attaches it to the patient's skin (9), and prevents the drug (8) from being rubbed by clothing, etc. In addition to protecting the ions from being removed, ions are introduced by passing a current from a DC power source (4) between the iontophoresis electrode I (7) and the iontophoresis electrode (3) attached near it, and The power from the ultrasonic oscillator (2) is transferred to the ultrasonic vibrator (
6) Transducer ( ) converts it into mechanical vibration, and the whole or a part of the working part (1) vibrates ultrasonically. The synergistic effect of iontophoresis and ultrasonic vibration promotes the penetration of the drug (8) into the skin (9).
イオン導入電極Ｉ（７）は、アルミニウム、銅等の錫、
または導電性フィルム等で構戒され、使用する薬剤（８
）が陽イオン性のものであれば、直流電源（４）の陽極
に、逆に陰イオン性のものであれば陰極に接続する。直
流電源（４）のもう一方の極は、イオン導入電極■（３
）に接続する。イオン導入電極■（３）１個に対して、
イオン導入電極Ｉ（７）の数（作用部（１）の数と同じ
）は１個に限定されるものではなく、複数個設けてもよ
い．絶縁部（５）は、イオン導入電極Ｉ（７）、超音波振動
体（６）、及び第２図に示した他の実施例における振幅
拡大子Ｑ２＋の相互間を電気的に絶縁して接続するもの
であり、超音波振動を吸収せずにイオン導入電極■（７
）や振幅拡大子６つまで伝える必要がある。The iontophoresis electrode I (7) is made of aluminum, tin such as copper,
Or drugs (8
) is cationic, connect it to the anode of the DC power source (4), and conversely, if it is anionic, connect it to the cathode. The other pole of the DC power supply (4) is the iontophoresis electrode (3).
). For one iontophoresis electrode (3),
The number of iontophoresis electrodes I (7) (same as the number of action parts (1)) is not limited to one, and a plurality may be provided. The insulating part (5) electrically insulates and connects the iontophoresis electrode I (7), the ultrasonic vibrator (6), and the amplitude expander Q2+ in the other embodiment shown in FIG. iontophoresis electrode (7) without absorbing ultrasonic vibrations.
) and up to six amplitude magnifiers.
従ってその材質としては、アルミナ、ジルコニア等のセ
ラミックス、フェノール樹脂、エボキシ柑脂等の硬質プ
ラスチックが使用出来るが、特に限定しない。また、極
薄いものであれば、ポリエステル樹脂等の軟質プラスチ
ックでも良い。Therefore, as the material, ceramics such as alumina and zirconia, hard plastics such as phenol resin, and epoxy citrus resin can be used, but there is no particular limitation. Moreover, a soft plastic such as polyester resin may be used as long as it is extremely thin.
超音波振動体（６）は、少なくとも圧電または磁歪木寸
灯冫− 雷洛ヰナーＬ±１イＪレ上わ成スー 匣雷杢六
−Ｌ士磁歪材料に２０〜５００Ｋｌｌｚの高周波を作用
させることによって、超音波の機械的振動に変換するも
ので、場合によっては第２図の例のように、圧電または
磁歪材料または絶縁部（５）に接続してその振幅を太き
《する振幅拡大子０２）を付属しても良い。The ultrasonic vibrating body (6) applies a high frequency of 20 to 500 Kllz to at least a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive material. In some cases, as in the example shown in Figure 2, an amplitude expander is used to increase the amplitude by connecting it to a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive material or an insulating part (5). 02) may be attached.
圧電材料としては、特に限定しないが、チタン酸ジルコ
ン酸鉛（ＰＺＴ）、チタン酸鉛（ＰｂＴｉＯユ）、タン
タル酸リチウム（ＬｉＴａ．Ｏｓ）、トリグリシンサル
フェート（ＴＧＳ）、ボリフン化ビニリデン（ＰＶＤＦ
）あるいはセラミック焼結体粉末とプラスチック材料の
複合体等が挙げられる。また、磁歪材料としては、ニッ
ケル、フエライト、ＰＺＴチタン酸バリウム（ＢａＴｉ
Ｏ＝）等が挙げられるが特に限定しない。Piezoelectric materials include, but are not limited to, lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead titanate (PbTiO), lithium tantalate (LiTa.Os), triglycine sulfate (TGS), and vinylidene polyfluoride (PVDF).
) or a composite of ceramic sintered body powder and plastic material. In addition, as magnetostrictive materials, nickel, ferrite, PZT barium titanate (BaTi
O=) etc., but are not particularly limited.
振幅拡大子０２）は、超音波振動の振幅を拡大するもの
で、適度な大きさの振動応力と機械的強度を持つ材質を
使用するのが良く、ニッケルクローム鋼、ステンレス鋼
、黄銅、モネルメタル、チタン合金等が例として挙げら
れるが特に限定しない。Amplitude expander 02) is used to expand the amplitude of ultrasonic vibration, and it is best to use a material with appropriate vibration stress and mechanical strength, such as nickel chrome steel, stainless steel, brass, monel metal, etc. Examples include titanium alloys, but are not particularly limited.
’ｉ ８１Ｉ （Ｒ）ｌ±，作田郎（１） 曲と吟畜
（Ｑｌとの間にあ一て皮膚（９）へ浸透して行くもので
あるから、超音波振動を皮膚（９）まで十分に伝達しう
る形状街なければならない。従って、ガーゼや脱脂綿等
に含浸させる方法は望ましいものではなく、例えば、ゼ
リー状の薬剤を薄＜塗布するか、薬液中で使用する方法
、さらには第２図の例のように、作用部（Ｉ１）の中を
通過してイオン導入電極（７）と皮膚（９）の間に薬剤
（８）を供給する等の方法が望ましい。'i 81I (R)l±, Sakutaro (1) Since there is something between the song and the music (Ql) that penetrates into the skin (9), ultrasonic vibrations are applied to the skin (9). Therefore, methods such as impregnating gauze or absorbent cotton are not desirable, but methods such as applying a thin layer of jelly-like drug or using it in a medicinal solution, or even As in the example shown in Figure 2, a method such as supplying the drug (8) between the iontophoresis electrode (7) and the skin (9) by passing through the action part (I1) is desirable.
本発明において使用する超音波発振器（２）は、一般に
帰還発振方式と呼ばれる周波数自動追尾方式のものが良
い。その回路構戒の一例を示すと第３図のブロックダイ
アダラムの通りで、位相補正回路（２１） 、制御電圧
検出回路（２２）、制御増幅回路（２３）及びフィルタ
ー回路（２４）からなる増幅回路（２０）と、電力増幅
回路（２６）及び振動電圧検出回路（２７）から超音波
振動体（２８）に入力すると共に、増幅回路（２０）に
フィードバックする帰還回路（２５）に、電源回路（２
９）を加えた３部分から戒っている。The ultrasonic oscillator (2) used in the present invention is preferably of an automatic frequency tracking type generally called a feedback oscillation type. An example of the circuit structure is shown in the block diagram in Figure 3, which consists of a phase correction circuit (21), a control voltage detection circuit (22), a control amplifier circuit (23), and a filter circuit (24). A power supply circuit is connected to the feedback circuit (25) that inputs input from the circuit (20), the power amplification circuit (26) and the oscillating voltage detection circuit (27) to the ultrasonic vibrator (28), and feeds back to the amplification circuit (20). (2
The precepts are based on three parts, including 9).
さらに、本発明の直流電＃（４）は、０〜１０ｖ程度の
もので良く、低周波治療器のようにパルスをかけたり、
開始時より徐々に電圧を上げて行き、また終了時まで徐
々に電圧を下げることも可能である。体内を流れる電流
は０．０１〜５ｍＡの範囲が望ましいが、勿論イオン導
入電極の面積や患者の個体差によって増減し、疼痛や熱
感を与えない程度に調節することが肝要である。Furthermore, the DC voltage #(4) of the present invention may be of the order of 0 to 10V, and may be applied with pulses like a low frequency treatment device.
It is also possible to gradually increase the voltage from the start and gradually lower the voltage until the end. The current flowing through the body is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5 mA, but of course it increases or decreases depending on the area of the iontophoresis electrode and individual differences between patients, and it is important to adjust it to an extent that does not cause pain or sensation of heat.
また、併用する超音波は、周波数２０〜５０Ｂｌ｛ｚで
、振幅０．５μｍ〜１０μｍ、好ましくは１〜３μｍ程
度のものが良い。勿論この場合でも、パルス発振や、治
療の開始または終了時に超音波の強さを増減することも
可能である。Further, the ultrasonic waves used in combination have a frequency of 20 to 50 Bl{z and an amplitude of 0.5 to 10 μm, preferably about 1 to 3 μm. Of course, even in this case, it is possible to increase or decrease the intensity of pulse oscillation or the ultrasound at the start or end of treatment.
実施例１第１図に示した構造の作用部（１）を製作するに当たっ
て、超音波振動体（６）としてシート状の複合圧電素子
を用い、その両側に絶縁部（５）としてポリエステルフ
ィルムを貼り付けた。また、イオン導入薬剤（８）はゼ
リー状とし、超音波振動が皮膚（９）に伝わるように、
適度な圧を加えて動かしイオン導入電極Ｉ（７）面を皮
膚（９）に密着させた。Example 1 In manufacturing the action part (1) having the structure shown in Fig. 1, a sheet-shaped composite piezoelectric element was used as the ultrasonic vibrator (6), and a polyester film was placed on both sides of the element as an insulating part (5). I pasted it. In addition, the iontophoretic agent (8) is in the form of a jelly, so that ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted to the skin (9).
The iontophoresis electrode I (7) surface was brought into close contact with the skin (9) by applying appropriate pressure and moving.
実施例２第２図に示したように、超音波振動体（６）で発生した
超音波振動を拡大させるために、超音波振動体（６）に
チタン合金の振幅拡大子（１２）を取り付けた。Example 2 As shown in Fig. 2, a titanium alloy amplitude magnifier (12) was attached to the ultrasonic vibrator (6) in order to magnify the ultrasonic vibrations generated by the ultrasonic vibrator (6). Ta.
また、作用部００にはその中心部を貫通する孔０３）を
設け、孔０３）を通して薬剤（８）を注入し、徐々に薬
剤を供給しながら、超音波振動と、イオン導入の併用に
よって経皮的に薬剤を投与する構造をとった。In addition, a hole 03) passing through the center of the action part 00 is provided, and the drug (8) is injected through the hole 03), and while gradually supplying the drug, a combination of ultrasonic vibration and iontophoresis is used. The structure was designed to administer drugs through the skin.
超音波発振器（２）は、３０Ｗ１００Ｋ｝ｌｚのタイプ
で、超音波振動体（６）はＰＺＴ振動子を用い、電歪型
の発振方弐を採用した．超音波振動体（６）の両端及び
振動拡大子Ｑ２１とイオン導入電極Ｉ（７）の間には絶
縁部（５）を設け、超音波振動体（６）の両端には、銅
製の電極を付けて、高周波電圧を印加した。また、イオ
ン導入電極（３．７）は、士側、一例共にアルミ板を用
い、直流電源（４）としてＭＡＸ９Ｖのものを使用した
。The ultrasonic oscillator (2) was a 30W100K}lz type, the ultrasonic vibrator (6) was a PZT vibrator, and an electrostrictive oscillation method was adopted. Insulating parts (5) are provided between both ends of the ultrasonic vibrator (6) and between the vibration magnifier Q21 and the iontophoresis electrode I (7), and copper electrodes are provided at both ends of the ultrasonic vibrator (6). A high-frequency voltage was applied. In addition, an aluminum plate was used for both the iontophoresis electrode (3.7) and one example, and a DC power source (4) of MAX 9V was used.
いずれの実施例においても、薬剤を単純に塗布した場合
に比し、２〜４倍の薬効を得ることができた。In all Examples, the drug efficacy was 2 to 4 times greater than when the drug was simply applied.
〈発明の効果〉本発明は、従来、投与効率の悪かった経皮的薬剤投与法
において、患者に痛みや不快感を与えることなく、安全
かつ効率的に経皮的薬剤投与を行うことができ、医療産
業上極めて有用である。<Effects of the Invention> The present invention enables transdermal drug administration to be carried out safely and efficiently without causing pain or discomfort to patients, in contrast to conventional transdermal drug administration methods that have had poor administration efficiency. , extremely useful in the medical industry.
第ｌ図は本発明の一実施例となる薬剤投与器の構戒を示
す図で、第２図は他の実施例の構戒を示す図である。ま
た、第３図は本発明において使用する超音波発振器の代
表的な回路構戒を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a drug administering device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of another embodiment. Further, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a typical circuit configuration of an ultrasonic oscillator used in the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30931589AJP2788307B2 (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Drug dosing device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30931589AJP2788307B2 (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Drug dosing device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03170172Atrue JPH03170172A (en) | 1991-07-23 |
| JP2788307B2 JP2788307B2 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30931589AExpired - LifetimeJP2788307B2 (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Drug dosing device |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2788307B2 (en) |
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