【発明の詳細な説明】〔産業上の利用分野〕本発明は使用者の皮膚電位を検出する皮膚電位検出装置
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a skin potential detection device for detecting skin potential of a user.
〔従来の技術）皮膚電位水準は、覚醒状態の変化に敏感に反応するもの
で、覚醒時は高く、入眠時に急激に低下し、睡眠中は低
いことが知られている。[Prior Art] It is known that the skin potential level sensitively responds to changes in the state of wakefulness, and is high when awake, rapidly decreases when falling asleep, and low during sleep.
この皮膚電位水準を検出することにより、覚醒状態にあ
るか否かを特徴とする請求がある。There is a claim that detects this skin potential level to determine whether or not the patient is awake.
この要求の解決に関連して、特開昭６０−１３９５３９
号や、特開昭６０−２５０２８７号が公知である。In connection with solving this request, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-139539
No. 60-250287 is well known.
特開昭６０−１３９５３９号によれば、手袋の手首の部
分に第１の電極を設け、手袋の指軍部または手掌部に第
２の電極を設け、手袋に装着された検出回路により皮膚
電位水準を検出する手袋が提案されている。According to JP-A-60-139539, a first electrode is provided on the wrist of the glove, a second electrode is provided on the finger or palm of the glove, and a detection circuit attached to the glove detects the skin potential level. Gloves have been proposed that detect
一方、特開昭６０−２５０２８７号によれば、時計バン
ドの内部に第１の電極を設け、指軍部または手掌部に接
触する第２の電極を装着し、時計内部に設けられた検出
回路により皮膚電位水準を検出する腕時計が提案されて
いる。On the other hand, according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-250287, a first electrode is provided inside the watch band, a second electrode that contacts the finger or palm part is attached, and a detection circuit provided inside the watch is used to detect A wristwatch that detects skin potential levels has been proposed.
しかしながら、特開昭６０−１３９５３９号や、特開昭
６０−２５０２８７号の公知技術においては、それぞれ
の電極と皮膚との固定が困難であるため電極と皮膚との
密着性が低く、手首や指を動かすことにより電極と皮膚
とが離れるなどして、皮膚電位水準が太き（変動してし
まう問題点がある。However, in the known techniques of JP-A-60-139539 and JP-A-60-250287, it is difficult to fix each electrode to the skin, so the adhesion between the electrode and the skin is low, and the wrist and finger There is a problem in that moving the electrode causes the electrode to separate from the skin, causing the skin potential level to increase (fluctuate).
また、公知技術に示すものは１、第１の電極と第２の電
極が離れているため、手袋により手を覆ったり、第１の
電極および第２の電極から検出回路に通ずるリード線を
手に這わせなければならず、使用者に違和感を与えると
いう問題点があった。In addition, in the known art, 1. Because the first electrode and the second electrode are separated, it is necessary to cover the hands with gloves or to touch the lead wires leading from the first and second electrodes to the detection circuit. There was a problem in that the user had to make the user crawl over the body, giving a sense of discomfort to the user.
また、皮膚電位を良好に検出するためには、生体用電極
と皮膚との間に液状やペースト状の導電剤を使用するこ
とが好ましいが、上記の公知技術においては、その使用
については何ら考慮されていない。In addition, in order to detect skin potential well, it is preferable to use a liquid or paste conductive agent between the biological electrode and the skin, but in the above-mentioned known technology, no consideration is given to its use. It has not been.
本発明は、体動による皮膚電極の変動を少なくするとと
もに使用者に与える違和感を少なくし、さらに導電剤の
使用による良好な皮膚電位検出を行なうことができる皮
膚電位検出装置を提供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a skin potential detection device that can reduce fluctuations in skin electrodes due to body movements, reduce the sense of discomfort given to the user, and further perform good skin potential detection by using a conductive agent. shall be.
〔課題を解決するための手段］本発明は上記目的を達成するため、指に装着され前記上の腹に接触される位置に設けられた
開口部を除いて前記上に電気的に絶縁接触される指輪状
の装着部材と、この装着部材の内部周囲方向に設けられた導電剤と、前記装着部材内の前記開口部に設けられて前記装着部材
の前記上への装着時に前記上の腹に接触するとともに、
前記導電剤を浸透させてその導電剤を前記上の腹に電気
的に接触させる多孔質材料と、前記装着部材に設けられ前記導電剤に接触する第１の電
極と、前記上の背側に設けられた第２の電極と、前記第１．第
２電極からの電気信号に基づいて皮膚電位を検出する検
出回路と、を備えたことを特徴としている。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electrically insulating contact with the upper portion except for an opening provided at a position where the finger is attached and comes into contact with the upper belly. a ring-shaped attachment member; a conductive agent provided in the inner circumferential direction of the attachment member; and a conductive agent provided in the opening in the attachment member so as to be attached to the upper abdomen when the attachment member is attached to the upper side. Along with contacting
a porous material into which the conductive agent is permeated and electrically contacts the conductive agent with the upper belly; a first electrode provided on the mounting member and in contact with the conductive agent; a second electrode provided; It is characterized by comprising: a detection circuit that detects skin potential based on the electrical signal from the second electrode.
次に本発明の皮膚電位検出装置を自動車の居眠り防止に
適用した実施例を図面に基づき説明する。Next, an embodiment in which the skin potential detection device of the present invention is applied to preventing falling asleep in a car will be described based on the drawings.
第１図から第３図は、本発明の第１実施例を示す。1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the invention.
第１図は、本発明の皮膚電位検出装置の指装着部ｌの断
面図、第２図は皮膚電位検出装置を車両の居眠り防止に
用いたもののブロック図、第３図は指装着部１を指に装
着した状態を示す斜視図である。この指装着部１は、指
の外周に装着する装着部材で、部方向に短い円筒形状を
呈する指輪２を備える。この指輪２は、樹脂等の中空の
絶縁体で形成されており、指との接触部分に開口部３が
設けられている。開口部３には多孔質材料４が指の形状
に対応して設けられている。多孔質材料４は、指輪２の
中空部分と外部とをふさぐ形状となっており、指輪２を
第３図に示すように指に装着した時に指の腹８と接触す
るようになっている。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the finger attachment part 1 of the skin potential detection device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the skin potential detection device used to prevent falling asleep in a vehicle, and FIG. It is a perspective view showing a state where it is worn on a finger. The finger attachment part 1 is an attachment member to be attached to the outer periphery of a finger, and includes a ring 2 having a cylindrical shape that is short in the direction of the finger. The ring 2 is made of a hollow insulator such as resin, and has an opening 3 at the part that comes into contact with the finger. A porous material 4 is provided in the opening 3 to correspond to the shape of the finger. The porous material 4 is shaped to close the hollow part and the outside of the ring 2, and comes into contact with the pad 8 of the finger when the ring 2 is worn on the finger as shown in FIG.
この多孔質材料４は、セラミック等の多孔体であり、材
料自体には電気伝導性があってもなくても良い。また、
指輪２の中空部分には導電剤５が設けられており、導電
剤５は多孔質材料４に浸透し、多孔質材料４の開口側に
おいて指の腹８の表面と接触する。また、導電剤５は指
輪２に設置された電極６と接触している。この電極６は
銀塩化銀等の電気伝導性を有する材料にて構成されてい
る。This porous material 4 is a porous body such as ceramic, and the material itself may or may not have electrical conductivity. Also,
A conductive agent 5 is provided in the hollow portion of the ring 2, and the conductive agent 5 penetrates into the porous material 4 and comes into contact with the surface of the pad 8 of the finger on the open side of the porous material 4. Further, the conductive agent 5 is in contact with an electrode 6 installed on the ring 2. This electrode 6 is made of an electrically conductive material such as silver silver chloride.
電極６に接続されたリード線７は手の甲側に配置され、
本体回路部１１に内蔵された検出回路ｌ３に接続されて
いる。この本体回路部１１は、検出回路Ｉ３及び送信部
１４を内蔵し、手首にリストバンド１２により固定され
ている。また、本体回路部１１において手首中側９の接
する部位に比較電極１０が設置されており、この比較電
極１０は検出回路１３に接続されている。検出回路１３
は電極６及び比較電極１０からの生体電力を受けて皮膚
電位水準を検出する。また、検出回路１３により処理さ
れた皮膚電位水準を電波により送信する送信する送信部
１４が設けられている。A lead wire 7 connected to the electrode 6 is placed on the back of the hand,
It is connected to a detection circuit l3 built in the main circuit section 11. This main body circuit section 11 includes a detection circuit I3 and a transmitting section 14, and is fixed to the wrist with a wristband 12. Further, a comparison electrode 10 is installed in the main body circuit section 11 at a portion that contacts the middle side 9 of the wrist, and this comparison electrode 10 is connected to the detection circuit 13 . Detection circuit 13
receives bioelectrical power from the electrode 6 and the reference electrode 10 to detect the skin potential level. Further, a transmitter 14 is provided which transmits the skin potential level processed by the detection circuit 13 using radio waves.
送信部１４により送られた電波はインストルメントパネ
ル内に設けられた受信部１５により受信される。受信部
１５により受信された電波は皮膚電位水準に再び変換さ
れ、基準電圧発生回路工６の発生する基準電圧と比較回
路Ｉ７により比較される。比較回路１７は基準電圧より
皮膚電位水準のほうが大きい場合はＬｏｗの出力を発生
し、皮膚電位水準が基準電圧以下になるとＨｉの出力を
発生するものである。なお、基準電圧発生回路１６の発
生する基準電圧は、可変低抗Ｉ８によって覚醒時の皮膚
電位水準と睡眠時の皮膚電位水準のほぼ中間の電圧を生
じるように設けられている。The radio waves sent by the transmitter 14 are received by the receiver 15 provided within the instrument panel. The radio wave received by the receiving section 15 is converted back to the skin potential level, and compared with the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation circuit 6 by the comparison circuit I7. The comparator circuit 17 generates a Low output when the skin potential level is higher than the reference voltage, and generates a Hi output when the skin potential level becomes less than the reference voltage. Note that the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generating circuit 16 is set to a voltage approximately intermediate between the skin potential level during wakefulness and the skin potential level during sleep using variable resistor I8.
比較回路１７の出力は、タイマー回路１９に接続されて
いる。タイマー回路１９は、比較回路１７から１分以上
継続してＨｉの人力がある時にＨｉの出力を生じるもの
である。これは、皮膚電位水準は覚醒時においても短い
時間、睡眠時の水準まで低下することがあり、これによ
る誤作動をなくすためである。The output of the comparison circuit 17 is connected to a timer circuit 19. The timer circuit 19 generates a Hi output when the comparator circuit 17 has a Hi human power continuously for one minute or more. This is to prevent malfunctions due to the fact that the skin potential level may drop for a short time to the level during sleep even when awake.
タイマー回路１９の出力は、クーラー制御回路２０に接
続されている。クーラー制御回路２０はタイマー回路１
９がＨｉの出力を生じると作動し、図示しない車両用空
気調和装置の冷媒圧縮機、送風機等を作動させて、車室
内の冷房を行うものである。The output of the timer circuit 19 is connected to a cooler control circuit 20. Cooler control circuit 20 is timer circuit 1
9 generates a Hi output, the refrigerant compressor, blower, etc. of the vehicle air conditioner (not shown) are operated to cool the interior of the vehicle.
次に、上記実施例の作動を説明する。Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.
指輪２に設けられた多孔質材料４が指の腹８に接する位
置で指輪２を使用者の指に装着することにより、第３図
に示すように、皮膚電位検出装置の指装着部１が使用者
の指に装着される。また、同じく第３図に示すように、
手首中側９に比較電極１０が配置されるようにリストバ
ンド１２を用いて本体回路部１１が使用者の手首に装着
される。By wearing the ring 2 on the user's finger at a position where the porous material 4 provided on the ring 2 contacts the pad 8 of the finger, the finger attachment portion 1 of the skin potential detection device is activated as shown in FIG. It is attached to the user's finger. Also, as shown in Figure 3,
The main circuit section 11 is attached to the user's wrist using the wristband 12 so that the reference electrode 10 is placed on the middle side 9 of the wrist.
この状態において、多孔質材料４の内部に浸透された導
電剤５は、多孔質材料４と指の腹８の接触部分で指の腹
８と接触し、指の腹８に表れる生体電力を受け、その電
力は、電極６．リード線７を介して検出回路１３に印加
される。一方、手首の中側９に接した比較電極１０は手
首の中側９に表れる生体電極を受け、その電力は検出回
路１３に印加される。検出回路１３は電極６と比較電極
１０との電圧差を皮膚電位水準として送信部１４に出力
する。送信部Ｉ４は、検出回路１３の発生した皮膚電位
水準を電波に変換して発生している。In this state, the conductive agent 5 that has penetrated into the inside of the porous material 4 comes into contact with the pad of the finger 8 at the contact area between the porous material 4 and the pad of the finger 8, and receives the bioelectrical power appearing on the pad of the finger 8. , the power is applied to electrode 6. It is applied to the detection circuit 13 via the lead wire 7. On the other hand, the comparison electrode 10 in contact with the middle side 9 of the wrist receives the bioelectrode appearing on the middle side 9 of the wrist, and its power is applied to the detection circuit 13. The detection circuit 13 outputs the voltage difference between the electrode 6 and the comparison electrode 10 to the transmitter 14 as a skin potential level. The transmitter I4 converts the skin potential level generated by the detection circuit 13 into radio waves.
送信部１４の発生した電波は、受信部１４により受信さ
れ、受信した電波を再び皮膚電位水準に変換して比較回
路１７の反転入力端子に出力する。The radio waves generated by the transmitting section 14 are received by the receiving section 14, and the received radio waves are again converted into a skin potential level and outputted to the inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit 17.
比較回路１７は、非反転入力端子に印加される基準電圧
発生回路１Ｇより発生した基準電圧と皮膚電位水準とを
比較し、皮膚電位水準が基準電圧よりも低下することに
より、Ｈｉの信号をタイマー回路１９に出力する。タイ
マー回路１９は、比較回路１７の発生するＨｉの信号が
１分以上連続して発生するとクーラー制御回路２０にＨ
ｉの信号を出力し、比較回路Ｉ７の出力がＬｏｗに反転
するまで空気調和装置の送風機および冷凍サイクルの冷
媒圧縮機を作動させ、車室内を冷房する。The comparison circuit 17 compares the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation circuit 1G applied to the non-inverting input terminal with the skin potential level, and when the skin potential level becomes lower than the reference voltage, a Hi signal is output to the timer. Output to circuit 19. The timer circuit 19 sends a high signal to the cooler control circuit 20 when the high signal generated by the comparator circuit 17 occurs continuously for one minute or more.
i is output, and the air blower of the air conditioner and the refrigerant compressor of the refrigeration cycle are operated to cool the interior of the vehicle until the output of the comparison circuit I7 is reversed to Low.
このため、例えば使用者が車両運転中に眠気を催し、指
の１１１８と手首中側９の間の皮膚電位水準が、基準電
圧よりも１分以上に亘って低下すると、車両のクーラー
が作動し、車室内が冷房される。For this reason, for example, if the user becomes drowsy while driving a vehicle and the skin potential level between the finger 1118 and the middle wrist 9 drops below the reference voltage for more than one minute, the vehicle cooler will be activated. , the interior of the vehicle is cooled.
あるいは使用者に直接冷風が吹き付けられる。このため
、使用者は車室内の冷却、あるいは冷風によって覚醒し
、安全な運転を続行することができる。Alternatively, cold air is blown directly at the user. Therefore, the user is awakened by the cooling in the vehicle interior or by the cold air, and is able to continue driving safely.
上記実施例に示すように、多孔質材料４の中に導電剤５
を含浸させる構造であるため、指の腹８にはゲル状のペ
ースト等が残留せず、しかもペースト等を使用したのと
同等の電気伝導性が得られ、良好な検出を行なうことが
できる。また、導電剤５保持用のスペースは、指の周囲
に設置できるため、多孔質材料４部分の導電剤５の保持
は微量ですみ、指の腹８に接する部分を薄くすることが
でき、装着性を向上させることができる。さらに、導電
剤５が外にはみ出すのを防止するとともに不純物の混入
を防止するようにしているから、導電剤５の乾燥・特性
劣化等を起こさずに長時間使用することができる。また
、指の腹８にはハンドリングやシフトチェンジ等の操作
時に大きな圧力がかかるが、圧力は多孔質材料４と指輪
２にかかるので導電剤５のはみ出しを防止することがで
きる。As shown in the above embodiment, a conductive agent 5 is placed in the porous material 4.
Since the structure is impregnated with gel, no gel-like paste or the like remains on the finger pad 8, and electrical conductivity equivalent to that obtained using paste or the like can be obtained, and good detection can be performed. In addition, since the space for holding the conductive agent 5 can be provided around the finger, only a small amount of the conductive agent 5 is retained in the porous material 4 portion, and the portion in contact with the pad 8 of the finger can be made thinner. can improve sex. Furthermore, since the conductive agent 5 is prevented from protruding outside and impurities are prevented from being mixed in, the conductive agent 5 can be used for a long time without drying out or deteriorating its characteristics. Further, although a large pressure is applied to the pad of the finger 8 during handling, shift change, and other operations, the pressure is applied to the porous material 4 and the ring 2, so that the conductive agent 5 can be prevented from protruding.
第４図に、本発明の第２実施例を示す。FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
本実施例は、指輪２の一部にベローズ２１を設けて指輪
２の指の周囲方向に伸縮力を持たせることにより、多孔
質材料４を指の腹８に密着させるものである。In this embodiment, a bellows 21 is provided in a part of the ring 2 to give the ring 2 elasticity in the circumferential direction of the finger, thereby bringing the porous material 4 into close contact with the pad 8 of the finger.
なお、上記実施例では車両用空気調和装置のクーラーを
作動させることにより、使用者の眠気を覚醒させたが、
ブザー、チャイム、合成音声など聴覚的に使用者を覚醒
させたり、使用者の視覚範囲内にランプ、デイスプレィ
を設け、視覚的に使用者を覚醒させたり、あるいは上記
を組み合わせるなどしても良い。In addition, in the above example, the drowsiness of the user was roused by operating the cooler of the vehicle air conditioner; however,
The user may be woken up audibly using a buzzer, chime, synthesized voice, etc., a lamp or display may be provided within the visual range of the user to visually wake the user, or a combination of the above may be used.
検出回路１３で検出された皮膚電位水準を無線により比
較回路１７へ出力していたが、検出回路１３と比較回路
１７をリード線を用いて直接接続しても良い。Although the skin potential level detected by the detection circuit 13 is wirelessly output to the comparison circuit 17, the detection circuit 13 and the comparison circuit 17 may be directly connected using a lead wire.
また、車両運転者に用いたが、学習中や勤務時間中に皮
膚電位水準が低下した場合に使用者を覚醒させるように
設けても良い。Further, although the device is used for a vehicle driver, it may be provided to wake up the user when the skin potential level decreases during learning or working hours.
さらに指輪２の中空部分を多孔質材料や連泡性発泡材と
し、導電材を含浸させて用いるようにしてもよい。また
、指輪２の材料はゴム等の伸縮性を有するものを用いて
もよい。Furthermore, the hollow part of the ring 2 may be made of a porous material or an open-cell foam material and impregnated with a conductive material. Further, the ring 2 may be made of a material having elasticity such as rubber.
さらに、比較電極１０を手首中側に設けるものを示した
が、指輪２における指の背の接触位置に設けるようにし
てもよい。Furthermore, although the comparison electrode 10 is shown as being provided on the middle side of the wrist, it may be provided at a contact position on the back of the finger in the ring 2.
以上述べたように本発明によれば、指輪状の装着部材を
指に装着して皮膚電位を検出するようにしているから、
体動による皮膚電位の変動を少なくして皮膚電位検出を
行なうことができ、しかもその場合の使用者に与える違
和感を少なくすることができ、さらに装着部材の内部周
囲方向に導電剤を設けるとともにこの導電剤を多孔質材
料に浸透させて指の腹に接触させるようにしているから
、導電剤を指の腹と電極との間に介在させた良好な皮膚
電位検出を行なうことができるという優れた効果がある
。As described above, according to the present invention, since the ring-shaped attachment member is attached to the finger to detect the skin potential,
It is possible to perform skin potential detection by reducing fluctuations in skin potential due to body movements, and in this case, it is possible to reduce the sense of discomfort given to the user. Since the conductive agent is infiltrated into the porous material and brought into contact with the pad of the finger, it is possible to perform good skin potential detection with the conductive agent interposed between the pad of the finger and the electrode. effective.
第１図は本発明の第１実施例における指装着部の断面図
、第２図は本発明の皮膚電位検出装置を用いた居眠り防
止装置のブロック図、第３図は指装着部を指に装着した
状態を示す斜視図、第４図は本発明の第２実施例を示す
指装着部の断面図である。１・・・指装着部、２・・・指輪、４・・・多孔質材料
、５・・・導電剤、１３・・・検出回路。第１図第図FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the finger attachment part in the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a dozing prevention device using the skin potential detection device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the finger attachment part in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the finger is attached, and a cross-sectional view of the finger attachment section showing a second embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Finger attachment part, 2... Ring, 4... Porous material, 5... Conductive agent, 13... Detection circuit. Figure 1 Figure
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1002191AJP2712464B2 (en) | 1989-01-08 | 1989-01-08 | Skin potential detector |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1002191AJP2712464B2 (en) | 1989-01-08 | 1989-01-08 | Skin potential detector |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02182545Atrue JPH02182545A (en) | 1990-07-17 |
| JP2712464B2 JP2712464B2 (en) | 1998-02-10 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1002191AExpired - LifetimeJP2712464B2 (en) | 1989-01-08 | 1989-01-08 | Skin potential detector |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2712464B2 (en) |
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| US12013725B2 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2024-06-18 | Ouraring, Inc. | Wearable computing device |
| US12346160B2 (en) | 2025-01-27 | 2025-07-01 | Ouraring, Inc. | Wearable computing device |
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| US12013725B2 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2024-06-18 | Ouraring, Inc. | Wearable computing device |
| US12210381B2 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2025-01-28 | Ouraring, Inc. | Wearable computing device |
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| US12228968B2 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2025-02-18 | Ouraring, Inc. | Wearable computing device |
| US12235679B2 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2025-02-25 | Ouraring, Inc. | Wearable computing device |
| US12332688B2 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2025-06-17 | Ouraring, Inc. | Wearable computing device |
| US12332689B1 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2025-06-17 | Ouraring Inc. | Wearable computing device |
| US12346160B2 (en) | 2025-01-27 | 2025-07-01 | Ouraring, Inc. | Wearable computing device |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2712464B2 (en) | 1998-02-10 |
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