【発明の詳細な説明】〔産業上の利用分野〕本発明は９、液晶デイスプレィ、プロジェクタ、コピア
、及び光プリンタなどの光学機器に使用される液晶ライ
トバルブ及びそれを備えたプロジェクタに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal light valve used in optical equipment such as a liquid crystal display, a projector, a copier, and an optical printer, and a projector equipped with the same.
従来の液晶ライトバルブは液晶ライトバルブの入射光側
の近傍にはレンズアレイは無かった。Conventional liquid crystal light valves do not have a lens array near the incident light side of the liquid crystal light valve.
（ＳＩＤ ８７ＤＩＧＥＳＴ・７５ｐ、画＠電子学会
予稿８７ ０１ ０３ １３ρ）。(SID 87DIGEST, 75p, picture @ IEEJ Proceedings 87 01 03 13ρ).
したかって、従来の液晶ライ１−バルブを用いたプロジ
ェクタ−には、レンズアレイの無い液晶ライトバルブが
用いられていた。Therefore, a conventional projector using a liquid crystal light bulb uses a liquid crystal light valve without a lens array.
しかし、前述の従来技術では、液晶ライトバルブの各液
晶の開口部周辺の光は、配線部材や遮光体等により吸収
され、有効に使用されないので、みかけの透過率が小さ
いという課題を有していた。However, the above-mentioned conventional technology has the problem that the light around the opening of each liquid crystal in the liquid crystal light valve is absorbed by wiring members, light shields, etc. and is not used effectively, resulting in a low apparent transmittance. Ta.
また上記熱吸収により液晶付近の温度上昇が生じ、入射
光量を増やすとライトバルブが正常に動作しなくなると
いう課題を有していた。またそのような液晶ライトバル
ブプを備えたグロジェクターでは４−記理由により、も
ともと液晶ライトバルブ部分の透過率が低いうえに、明
るい光源を使えず、そのため画面が暗いという課題を有
していた。Further, the temperature in the vicinity of the liquid crystal increases due to the heat absorption, and when the amount of incident light is increased, the light valve does not operate normally. In addition, for the reason stated in 4-4, in a glow projector equipped with such a liquid crystal light valve, the transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve part was originally low, and a bright light source could not be used, resulting in a dark screen. .
そこで本発明は、このような課題を解決するため液晶ラ
イトバルブの各液晶開口部周辺の光を各液晶開口部に導
き、有効に利用することで、みかけの透過率が大きく、
入射光量を増やしても正常に動作する液晶ライトバルブ
を提供することにある。Therefore, in order to solve such problems, the present invention guides the light around each liquid crystal opening of the liquid crystal light valve to each liquid crystal opening and uses it effectively, thereby increasing the apparent transmittance.
To provide a liquid crystal light valve that operates normally even when the amount of incident light is increased.
また本発明の他の目的は、そのような液晶ライトバルブ
を使うことにより、液晶ライトバルブ部分の透過率が大
きく、しかもより明るい光源を使えるため、明るい画面
をもったプロジェクタ−を提供する点にある。Another object of the present invention is to provide a projector with a bright screen because the transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve is high and a brighter light source can be used by using such a liquid crystal light valve. be.
本発明のライ１−バルブは、各液晶開口部に略光軸合わ
せされた複数のレンズを該液晶開口部の前に設置したこ
とを特徴とする。また、かかる液晶ライトバルブを光源
で照らし、その像をレンズ系で投映できるようにすると
、プロジェクタ−が構成される。（第６図）〔作 用〕上記のように構成された液晶ライトバルブでは、各液晶
開口部列周辺の光も、藺々のマイクロレンズによって各
液晶開口部に導かれ、有効に利用できる。従ってみかけ
の透過率が増加するとともに、各液晶開口部周辺での熱
吸収も少ないため液晶付近の温度上昇も小さく、入射光
量を増やしても正常に動作する。The light bulb of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of lenses whose optical axes are substantially aligned with each liquid crystal opening are installed in front of the liquid crystal opening. Furthermore, a projector is constructed by illuminating such a liquid crystal light valve with a light source and projecting the image using a lens system. (FIG. 6) [Function] In the liquid crystal light valve configured as described above, light around each liquid crystal aperture row is also guided to each liquid crystal aperture by the individual microlenses and can be used effectively. Therefore, the apparent transmittance increases, and since there is little heat absorption around each liquid crystal opening, the temperature rise near the liquid crystal is also small, and normal operation is possible even when the amount of incident light is increased.
また、そのような液晶ライトバルブを使うことにより、
液晶ライトバルブ部分の透過率が大きく、しかもより明
るい光源を使えるため、明るい画面をもったグロジェク
ターが実現できる。Also, by using such a liquid crystal light valve,
The LCD light valve has a high transmittance and can use a brighter light source, making it possible to create a glow projector with a bright screen.
以下、実施例にもとづき本発明の詳細な説明する。ただ
し、本発明は以下の実施例に限定さるものではない。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on Examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
〔実 施 例１〕表面を光学研磨したガラス基板（’４０ａｗｍＸ３０ｒ
ｍ Ｘ １ ｍ ＞の表面に、イオン交換法を用いて、
短径７２μｍ、長径８０μｍの長円状の分布屈折率平板
マイクロレンズを、ＴＰＴの画素配列に合わせてトライ
アングル状に形成した。（第１図）このマイクロレンズ
アレイを、ＴＰＴを用いた従来の液晶ライトバルブに、
おのおののレンズが各液晶開口部に対応するように位置
合わせをしながら接着した。そうして得られた液晶ライ
トバルブに平行光を入射したところ、従来のレンズを用
いない液晶ライトバルブに比べて、みかけの透過率が９
０％以上アップした。（従来の透過率４０％が７７％）
また、従来のレンズを使わない液晶ライトバルブに比べ
て、液晶ライトバルブが正常に動作する最大入射光量が
平均で３倍以上になった。[Example 1] A glass substrate with an optically polished surface ('40awm x 30r
m X 1 m > using an ion exchange method,
An elongated distributed index flat plate microlens with a minor axis of 72 μm and a major axis of 80 μm was formed in a triangular shape in accordance with the pixel arrangement of the TPT. (Figure 1) This microlens array can be used in a conventional liquid crystal light valve using TPT.
Each lens was glued while being aligned so that it corresponded to each liquid crystal aperture. When parallel light was incident on the liquid crystal light valve obtained in this way, the apparent transmittance was 99% compared to a conventional liquid crystal light valve that does not use a lens.
It increased by more than 0%. (Conventional transmittance of 40% is now 77%)
Additionally, compared to conventional liquid crystal light valves that do not use lenses, the maximum amount of incident light required for normal operation of the liquid crystal light valve is more than three times as large on average.
〔実 施 例２〕表面を光学所書したガラス基板＜４０ｍＸ３０噛Ｘ １
ｍ ）の表面に、イオン交換法を用いて、短径７２μ
ｍ、長径８０μｍの長円状の分布屈折率平板マイクロレ
ンズを、ＴＰＴの画素配列に合わせてハチの巣状に形成
した。（第２図）このマイクロレンズアレイを、ＴＰＴ
を用いた従来の液晶ライトバルブに、おのおののレンズ
が各液晶開口部に対応するように位置合わせをしながら
接着した。そうして得られた液晶ライトバルブに平行光
を入射したところ、従来のレンズを用いない液晶ライト
バルブに比べて、みかけの透過率が９０％以上アップし
た。（従来の透過率４０％が７７％）また、従来のレン
ズを使わない液晶ライトバルブに比べて、液晶ライトバ
ルブが正常に動作する最大入射光ｌが平均で３倍以Ｅに
なった。[Example 2] Glass substrate with optical markings on the surface <40m x 30mm x 1
m) using the ion exchange method, a short diameter of 72μ
An oblong distributed index flat plate microlens with a length of 80 μm and a major diameter of 80 μm was formed into a honeycomb shape in accordance with the pixel arrangement of the TPT. (Fig. 2) This microlens array is
We glued each lens to a conventional liquid crystal light valve using a 300-degree lens, aligning each lens to correspond to each liquid crystal aperture. When parallel light was incident on the liquid crystal light valve thus obtained, the apparent transmittance increased by more than 90% compared to a conventional liquid crystal light valve that does not use lenses. (Conventional transmittance of 40% is 77%) Furthermore, compared to conventional liquid crystal light valves that do not use lenses, the maximum incident light L for which liquid crystal light valves operate normally has become more than three times E on average.
〔実 施 例３〕表面を光学研増したガラス基板（４０ｍＸ３Ｑｒｍ Ｘ
１ ｃｍ ＞の表面に、熱変形樹脂を材料として、圧
着押圧形成法を用いて、短径７２μｍ、長径８０μｍの
長円状の凹凸状のマイクロレンズを、ＴＰＴの画素配列
に合わせてトライアングル状に形成した。（第１Ｕ２１
）このマイクロレンズアレイを、ＴＰＴを用いた従来の
液晶ライトバルブに、おのおののレンズが各液晶開口部
に対応するように位置合わせをしながら接着した。そう
して得られた液晶ライトバルブに平行光を入射したとこ
ろ、従来のレンズを用いない液晶ライトバルブに比べて
、みかけの透過率が９０？≦以上アップした。（従来の
透過率４０％が７７％）また、従来のｌ／ンズを使わな
い液晶ライトバルブに比べて、液晶ライトバルブが正常
に動作する最大入射光量が平均で３倍以上になった。[Example 3] Glass substrate with optically polished surface (40m x 3Qrm
On a surface of >1 cm, an elongated concave-convex microlens with a minor axis of 72 μm and a major axis of 80 μm is formed into a triangular shape according to the pixel arrangement of the TPT using a pressure bonding method using heat deformable resin as the material. Formed. (1st U21
) This microlens array was bonded to a conventional liquid crystal light valve using TPT while being aligned so that each lens corresponded to each liquid crystal opening. When parallel light was incident on the liquid crystal light valve obtained in this way, the apparent transmittance was 90? compared to a conventional liquid crystal light valve that does not use a lens. ≦Uploaded more than ≦. (77% compared to the conventional transmittance of 40%) Furthermore, compared to conventional liquid crystal light valves that do not use l/lens, the maximum amount of incident light required for normal operation of the liquid crystal light valve has become more than three times as large on average.
本実施例で作製した樹脂製の凹凸状のマ・ｆりロレンズ
は製法が極めて簡便であるため、・上記効果を低コスト
で実現できる。Since the resin-made convex-convex MAFF lens manufactured in this example is extremely simple to manufacture, the above-mentioned effects can be achieved at low cost.
またレンズの成型法としては圧着押圧成型法に限定され
るものではなく、例えば特開昭６０−６０７５６に示さ
れたような熱変形による成型法でもよいし、その他の方
法でもよい。Furthermore, the lens molding method is not limited to the pressure bonding molding method, but may also be a molding method using thermal deformation as disclosed in JP-A No. 60-60756, or other methods.
〔実 施 ｒｌｑ４）表面を光学研磨した感光性ガラス基板（４０ｍＸ３０＋
＋＋ｍＸ１０ｅｍ＞に選択的に光を照射し、短径６５μ
ｍ、長径７２μｍの凹凸状のマイクロレンズを、ＴＰＴ
の画素配列に合わせてトライアングル状に形成した。（
第３図）このマイクロレンズアレイを、ＴＰＴを用いた
従来の液晶ライトバルブに、おのおののレンズか各液晶
開口部に対応するように位置合わせをしながら接着しな
。そうＬ７て得られた液晶ライトバルブに平行光を入射
したところ、従来のレンズを用いない液晶ライトバルブ
に比べて、みかけの透過率が５０％以上アップした。（
従来の透過率４０％が６３％）また、従来のレンズを使
わない液晶ライトバルブに比べて、液晶ライトバルブが
正常に動作する姓大入射光澁が平均で２倍以上になった
。[Implementation rlq4] Photosensitive glass substrate with optically polished surface (40m x 30+
++mX10em> selectively irradiated with light, short diameter 65μ
m, a concave-convex microlens with a major axis of 72 μm, was made using TPT.
It was formed into a triangle shape to match the pixel arrangement. (
(Figure 3) This microlens array is glued onto a conventional liquid crystal light valve using TPT, aligning each lens to correspond to each liquid crystal aperture. When parallel light was incident on the liquid crystal light valve obtained by L7, the apparent transmittance increased by more than 50% compared to a conventional liquid crystal light valve that did not use a lens. (
In addition, compared to conventional liquid crystal light valves that do not use lenses, the amount of incident light required for normal operation of liquid crystal light valves has been more than doubled on average.
本実施例で用いた、感光性ガラスから製造したマイクロ
レンズでも、製法が極めて簡便であるため、上記効果を
低コストで実現できた。Even with the microlens manufactured from photosensitive glass used in this example, since the manufacturing method is extremely simple, the above effects could be achieved at low cost.
〔実 施 例５〕表面を光学研磨したガラス基板（４０ｗｘ３Ｑ■Ｘ １
１１１１ ＞の表面に、熱変形樹脂を材料として、圧着
押圧成型法を用いて、たて７２μｍ、よこ８０μｍの凹
凸状のマイクロレンズをＴＰＴの画素配列に合わせてト
ライアングル状に形成した。この表面形状は、曲面レン
ズを光軸方向からみて長方形にみえるように切った形状
である。（第４図）このマイクロレンズアレイを、ＴＰ
Ｔを用いた従来の液晶ライトバルブに、おのおののレン
ズが各液晶開口部に対応するように位置合わせをしなが
ら接着した。そうして得られた液晶ライトバルブに平行
光を入射したところ、従来のレンズを用いない液晶ライ
トバルブに比べて、みかけの透過率が１２０％以上アッ
プした。（従来の透過率４０？≦が９０％）また、従来
のレンズを使わない液晶ライトバルブに比べて、液晶ラ
イトバルブが正常に動作する最大入射光量が平均で１０
倍以上になった。[Example 5] Glass substrate with optically polished surface (40w x 3Q x 1
1111>, a triangular microlens with a concavo-convex shape of 72 μm in length and 80 μm in width was formed using heat deformable resin as a material using a compression molding method in accordance with the pixel arrangement of the TPT. This surface shape is a shape obtained by cutting a curved lens so that it appears rectangular when viewed from the optical axis direction. (Figure 4) This microlens array is
Each lens was adhered to a conventional liquid crystal light valve using a T-type lens while being aligned so that it corresponded to each liquid crystal aperture. When parallel light was incident on the liquid crystal light valve thus obtained, the apparent transmittance increased by more than 120% compared to a conventional liquid crystal light valve that does not use a lens. (Conventional transmittance is 40?≦90%) Also, compared to conventional liquid crystal light valves that do not use lenses, the maximum amount of incident light for liquid crystal light valves to operate normally is 10% on average.
It has more than doubled.
本実施例で得られた液晶ライトバルブは、レンズの大き
さが、実施例１〜４に比べてさらに大きく、それらの液
晶ライトバルブに比べてより入射光を有効に利用するこ
とができる。The liquid crystal light valve obtained in this example has a larger lens size than those in Examples 1 to 4, and can utilize incident light more effectively than those liquid crystal light valves.
〔実 施 四６〕表面を光学研磨したガラス基板（４０ｍＸ３０ｗｒ Ｘ
１ ａｍ ）の表面に、イオン交換法を用いて、短径
６５μｍ、長径８０μｍの長円状の分布屈折率平板マイ
クロレンズを、ＭＩＭの画素配列に合わせてトライアン
グル状に形成した。（第１図）このマイクロレンズアレ
イを、ＭＩＭを用いた従来の液晶ライトバルブに、おの
おののレンズが各液晶開口部に対応するように位置合わ
せをしながら接着した。そうして得られた液晶ライトバ
ルブに平行光を入射したところ、従来のレンズを用いな
い液晶ライトバルブに比べて、みかけの透過率が５０％
以上アップした。（従来の透過率５０％が７７％）また
、従来のレンズを使わない液晶ライトバルブに比べて、
液晶ライトバルブが正常に動作する最大入射光量が平均
で２倍以上になった。[Implementation 46] Glass substrate with optically polished surface (40m x 30wr
1 am), an elliptical distributed index flat microlens with a minor axis of 65 μm and a major axis of 80 μm was formed in a triangular shape according to the pixel arrangement of the MIM using an ion exchange method. (FIG. 1) This microlens array was bonded to a conventional liquid crystal light valve using MIM while being aligned so that each lens corresponded to each liquid crystal opening. When parallel light was incident on the liquid crystal light valve obtained in this way, the apparent transmittance was 50% compared to a conventional liquid crystal light valve that does not use a lens.
I have uploaded the above. (Transmittance of 77% compared to 50% of conventional) Also, compared to conventional liquid crystal light valves that do not use lenses,
The maximum amount of incident light for a liquid crystal light valve to operate normally has more than doubled on average.
本発明のようにＭＩＭ駆動方式の液晶ライトバルブでも
本発明の効果は大きかった。The effect of the present invention was great even in the case of a liquid crystal light valve using an MIM driving method as in the present invention.
〔実 施 例７〕表面を光学研磨したガラス基板（４０ＩＩＩＩＸ３０甫
゛＼１ ａｍ ）のに面に、イオン交換法を用いて、冑
径６５μｍ、長径８０μｍの長円状の分布屈折率平板マ
イクロレンズを、単純マトリクス液晶ライトバルブの画
素配列に合わせて格子状に形成しな。[Example 7] An elliptical distributed index flat microlens with a diameter of 65 μm and a major axis of 80 μm was fabricated on the surface of a glass substrate (40III are formed in a grid pattern to match the pixel arrangement of a simple matrix liquid crystal light valve.
（第１図）このマイクロレンズアレイを、単純マトリク
ス方式の従来の液晶ライトバルブに、おの」５ののレン
ズが各液晶開口部に対応するように位置合わせをしなが
ら接着した。そうして得られた液晶ライトバルブに平行
光を入射したところ、従来のレンズを甲いない液晶ライ
トバルブに比べ、みかけの透過率が１５％以上アップし
た。（従来の透過率６０％が７０％）本発明のように単純マトリクス方式の液晶ライトバルブ
でも本発明の効果は有った。(FIG. 1) This microlens array was bonded to a conventional simple matrix type liquid crystal light valve while being aligned so that each of the five lenses corresponded to each liquid crystal aperture. When collimated light was incident on the resulting liquid crystal light valve, the apparent transmittance increased by more than 15% compared to a liquid crystal light valve that did not use conventional lenses. (Conventional transmittance of 60% is 70%) Even a simple matrix type liquid crystal light valve like the present invention had the effect of the present invention.
〔実 施 例８〕実施例１〜７で得られた液晶ライトバルブを用いて、第
・１図に示した構成でビデオプロジェクタ−（画素数４
４０ｘ４８０）を作製した０本実施例のビデオプロジェ
クタ−は液晶ライトバルブに入射する光の平行度が高い
ため、前記の効果がストレートに出て、当初の期待通り
明るい画面を得ることができた。下表に、得られた画面
の明るさを、全光束の光量で示しな、（用いた光源は同
一のもの）本従来の液晶ライトバルブはＴＦＴ方式のものを記載し
た。[Example 8] Using the liquid crystal light valves obtained in Examples 1 to 7, a video projector (number of pixels: 4) was constructed with the configuration shown in Figure 1.
40x480), the light incident on the liquid crystal light valve had a high degree of parallelism, so the above effect was directly produced and a bright screen could be obtained as originally expected. In the table below, the brightness of the obtained screen is shown in terms of the amount of total luminous flux (the light sources used are the same).The conventional liquid crystal light valve is of the TFT type.
しかも。本実施例のビデオプロジェクタ−は、より明る
い光源を使えるため、更に明るい画面らも可能である。Moreover. Since the video projector of this embodiment can use a brighter light source, an even brighter screen is possible.
また、実施例においては、プロジェクタ−のうちで、ビ
デオプロジェクタ−の例しか示さなかったが、他の種類
のプロジェクタ−（例えば、スチルカメラで得られた１
ｉｌｊ像を投映するためのプロジェクタ−、スキャナー
で得られた画像やコンピュータの画面上で合成された画
像を投映するためのプロジェクタ−１電子黒板として使
われるプロジェクタ−２その他）でも、液晶ライトバル
ブを用いたプロジェクタ−なら同様の効果があることは
明らかである。In addition, although only a video projector is shown as an example of projectors in the embodiment, other types of projectors (for example, one obtained with a still camera) are shown.
A projector for projecting ilj images, a projector for projecting an image obtained by a scanner or an image synthesized on a computer screen - 1 A projector used as an electronic blackboard - 2 Others) also uses liquid crystal light valves. It is clear that the projector used has similar effects.
本発明の液晶ライトバルブは、各液晶開口部に略光軸合
わせさらに複数のレンズを該液晶開口部の前に設置した
という簡単な構成によって、みかけの透過率が増加する
とともに、入射光量を増や［７ても正常に動作するとい
う効果を有する。The liquid crystal light valve of the present invention has a simple configuration in which the optical axis is approximately aligned with each liquid crystal opening, and a plurality of lenses are installed in front of the liquid crystal opening, thereby increasing the apparent transmittance and increasing the amount of incident light. or [7] also has the effect of operating normally.
また、かかる液晶ライトバルブを使うことにより、明る
い画面をもったプロジェクタ−を実現できるという効果
がある。Furthermore, by using such a liquid crystal light valve, it is possible to realize a projector with a bright screen.
第１図は、本発明の液晶ライトバルブのレンズ部分の表
面図。第２図は、本発明の液晶ライトバルブのレンズ部分の表
面図。第３図は、本発明の液晶ライトバルブのレンズ部分の表
面図。第４図は、本発明の液晶ライトバルブのレンズ部分の表
面図。第５図は、本発明の液晶ライトバルブのレンズ部分の表
面図。第６図は、本発明のグロジェクターの構成図。１・・・マイクロレンズ部分（実施例１．３６２・・・
マイクロレンズ部分（実施例２）３・・・マイクロレン
ズ部分（実施例４）４・・・マイクロレンズ部分（実施
例５）５・・・マイクロレンズ部分（実施ＰＡ７）６・
・・ランプ７・・・リフレクタ８・・・干渉フィルター０・・・ダイクロイ・ツクミラー１０・・・ライ１〜ガイド１１・・・ミラー１２・ ・ ・本発明の液晶ライトノ＜ルブ１３・・・
ダイクロイックプリズム１４・・・グロジエクションレンズ１５・・・スクリーン以 上出願人 セイコーエプソン株式会社代理人 弁理士 上 柳 雅 誉（他１名）第２図、−／′第６図FIG. 1 is a surface view of the lens portion of the liquid crystal light valve of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a surface view of the lens portion of the liquid crystal light valve of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a surface view of the lens portion of the liquid crystal light valve of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a surface view of the lens portion of the liquid crystal light valve of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a surface view of the lens portion of the liquid crystal light valve of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the glow projector of the present invention. 1... Microlens part (Example 1.362...
Microlens part (Example 2) 3... Microlens part (Example 4) 4... Microlens part (Example 5) 5... Microlens part (Example PA7) 6.
... Lamp 7 ... Reflector 8 ... Interference filter 0 ... Dichroic mirror 10 ... Light 1 to guide 11 ... Mirror 12 ... Liquid crystal light nozzle of the present invention 13 ...
Dichroic prism 14...Glogeection lens 15...Screen or above Applicant: Seiko Epson Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney: Masahiro Kamiyanagi (and 1 other person) Figure 2, -/' Figure 6
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63111042AJPH01281426A (en) | 1988-05-07 | 1988-05-07 | Liquid crystal light valve and projector having liquid crystal light valve |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63111042AJPH01281426A (en) | 1988-05-07 | 1988-05-07 | Liquid crystal light valve and projector having liquid crystal light valve |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01281426Atrue JPH01281426A (en) | 1989-11-13 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63111042APendingJPH01281426A (en) | 1988-05-07 | 1988-05-07 | Liquid crystal light valve and projector having liquid crystal light valve |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01281426A (en) |
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