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JP7704333B1 - Science learning materials that mimic microstructures - Google Patents

Science learning materials that mimic microstructures
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JP7704333B1
JP7704333B1JP2024067810AJP2024067810AJP7704333B1JP 7704333 B1JP7704333 B1JP 7704333B1JP 2024067810 AJP2024067810 AJP 2024067810AJP 2024067810 AJP2024067810 AJP 2024067810AJP 7704333 B1JP7704333 B1JP 7704333B1
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visible light
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structural analysis
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JP2025158051A (en
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誠大 島野
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Abstract

Translated fromJapanese

【課題】中等教育の理科において、最先端の科学技術であるX線構造解析を模した可視光の回折像を、中高生が任意に構造を決めて実験できる学習教材がなかった。
【解決手段】可視光線を通すための透光孔の周囲に、ワイヤーを通すための規則的に並んだ複数の孔を設けることで、ワイヤーの通し方を任意に変えることができる。これにより、中高生が任意に決めた構造で、X線構造解析を模した可視光での回折実験が可能となる。
【選択図】図1

[Problem] In secondary education science classes, there were no learning materials that allowed junior and senior high school students to experiment with visible light diffraction patterns that mimic X-ray structural analysis, a cutting-edge scientific technology, by arbitrarily determining the structure.
[Solution] By providing a number of regularly-spaced holes for passing wires around a transparent hole for passing visible light, the way in which the wires are passed can be changed as desired. This allows junior and senior high school students to carry out diffraction experiments using visible light that mimic X-ray structural analysis, with structures that they decide on as they wish.
[Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

Translated fromJapanese

本発明は、X線構造解析で可能なDNAなどの規則的な微細構造の回折像を模擬的に可視光で再現することができ、かつ中高生が定量的に実験することのできる理科の学習教材である。The present invention is a science learning material that can simulate, with visible light, the diffraction image of regular fine structures such as DNA that is possible with X-ray structural analysis, and allows junior and senior high school students to conduct quantitative experiments.

中等教育の理科では、X線や電子線による構造解析や、X線によるDNAの回折像などについて紹介されているが、中高生がそれらについて定量的に実験することのできる学習教材が少ない。In secondary school science classes, students are introduced to structural analysis using X-rays and electron beams, and X-ray diffraction images of DNA, but there are few learning materials that allow junior and senior high school students to conduct quantitative experiments on these topics.

近年、中高生が扱えるX線構造解析を模した実験として、DNAに模した巻きばねに可視光線を当てる回折実験教材が開発されている。しかし、巻きばねでは特に1重らせん構造を模擬的に扱えるのみで、2重らせん構造やその他の任意の構造について扱うことができない。In recent years, a diffraction experiment teaching material has been developed that simulates X-ray structural analysis for junior and senior high school students by shining visible light onto a helical spring that resembles DNA. However, the helical spring can only simulate a single helix structure, and cannot handle a double helix structure or any other arbitrary structure.

本発明では、透光孔(1)の周囲に規則的に並んだ複数の孔(2)を設けることで、その孔に通すワイヤーの通し方を任意に変えることができ、そのため巻きばねのような1重らせん構造も含め任意に構造の条件を変えることができる。In the present invention, by providing a plurality of holes (2) arranged regularly around the light-transmitting hole (1), the way in which the wire is passed through the holes can be changed as desired, and therefore the structural conditions can be changed as desired, including a single-helix structure like a coiled spring.

本発明によって、中等教育において最先端の科学技術であるX線構造解析を模した可視光での回折実験を、任意の構造に対して展開できるようになった。また、中高生が任意にワイヤーの通し方を工夫し構造を決定することができるので、個別に探究課題を設定し探究活動を進めることが可能になっている。This invention has made it possible to carry out visible light diffraction experiments, which mimic the cutting-edge science and technology of X-ray structure analysis, for any structure in secondary education. In addition, since junior and senior high school students can arbitrarily devise ways to thread the wires and determine the structure, it is possible to set individual research themes and advance research activities.

発明した教材の模式図である。This is a schematic diagram of the teaching material we invented.発明した教材にワイヤーを通したときの模式図である。This is a schematic diagram of the teaching material we invented with a wire threaded through it.発明した教材で実演する様子を表した模式図である。This is a schematic diagram showing a demonstration using the invented teaching material.発明した教材の実演で得られた回折像である。This is a diffraction image obtained during a demonstration of the teaching material I invented.

図2のようにワイヤーを通して構造の決められた教材を図3のように設置し、教材の透光孔に可視光領域のレーザー光線を入射させることで、スクリーン上に図4のような回折像を得ることができる。By placing a teaching material with a determined structure through a wire as shown in Figure 2, and shining a laser beam in the visible light range through the transparent hole in the teaching material, a diffraction image as shown in Figure 4 can be obtained on the screen.

中高生が図4の回折像で見られる明帯の間隔や、明帯同士が交差している角度などを解析することで、X線構造解析と同様の解析を体験することができる。さらに、解析結果について図2の条件と比較することができ、誤差解析まで考慮した考察を中高生に促すことができる。Junior and senior high school students can experience analysis similar to X-ray structure analysis by analyzing the intervals between the bright bands and the angles at which the bright bands cross each other in the diffraction image in Figure 4. Furthermore, the analysis results can be compared with the conditions in Figure 2, encouraging students to consider error analysis.

図1(A)のように透光孔を軸にして線対称に孔を並べたものと、図1(B)のように透光孔の左右の孔を交互にずらして並べたものに対して、図2のようにそれぞれ等間隔にワイヤーを通していくと、図2(A)は2重らせん構造に、図2(B)は1重らせん構造になる。これらのように、透光孔の周囲に規則的に並べた孔に任意にワイヤーを通して構造を決定することができるので、個別に探究課題を設定し、探究活動を進めることができる。If the holes are arranged symmetrically around the light-transmitting hole as in Figure 1(A) and arranged with the left and right holes shifted alternately as in Figure 1(B), and wires are passed through each at equal intervals as in Figure 2, then Figure 2(A) will result in a double helix structure, and Figure 2(B) will result in a single helix structure. As in these cases, the structure can be determined by passing wires arbitrarily through holes regularly arranged around the light-transmitting hole, so that individual research topics can be set and research activities can be carried out.

1 透光孔
2 規則的に並んだ複数の孔
3 ワイヤー
4 レーザー光源
5 スタンド
6 スクリーン
1 Light-transmitting hole 2 Regularly arranged holes 3 Wire 4 Laser light source 5 Stand 6 Screen

Claims (1)

Translated fromJapanese
透光孔(1)を有し、それの周囲に細いワイヤーを通すための規則的に並んだ複数の孔(2)を有する板状の実験器具で、X線構造解析で見られるDNAの規則的な微細構造の回折像を可視光で再現することのできる中等教育向けの理科学習教材。This is a plate-like laboratory tool with a light-transmitting hole (1) and a number of regularly-spaced holes (2) around it for passing thin wires through. It is a science learning material aimed at secondary education that can reproduce, with visible light, the diffraction image of the regular fine structure ofDNA seen in X-ray structural analysis.
JP2024067810A2024-04-032024-04-03 Science learning materials that mimic microstructuresActiveJP7704333B1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication numberPriority datePublication dateAssigneeTitle
US4126789A (en)*1977-06-061978-11-21Vogl Thomas MX-ray phantom
JP2007061158A (en)*2005-08-292007-03-15Fumiko ShimomuraNecktie hanging tool
CN202563791U (en)*2012-02-202012-11-28华北电力大学(保定)Demonstration teaching instrument of laser-measurement silicon single crystal orientations
CN209265806U (en)*2018-10-312019-08-16湖北汽车工业学院 Demonstration setup for grating diffraction experiments

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication numberPriority datePublication dateAssigneeTitle
US4126789A (en)*1977-06-061978-11-21Vogl Thomas MX-ray phantom
JP2007061158A (en)*2005-08-292007-03-15Fumiko ShimomuraNecktie hanging tool
CN202563791U (en)*2012-02-202012-11-28华北电力大学(保定)Demonstration teaching instrument of laser-measurement silicon single crystal orientations
CN209265806U (en)*2018-10-312019-08-16湖北汽车工业学院 Demonstration setup for grating diffraction experiments

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