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JP4242491B2 - Endoscopic treatment device - Google Patents

Endoscopic treatment device
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Publication number
JP4242491B2
JP4242491B2JP34957498AJP34957498AJP4242491B2JP 4242491 B2JP4242491 B2JP 4242491B2JP 34957498 AJP34957498 AJP 34957498AJP 34957498 AJP34957498 AJP 34957498AJP 4242491 B2JP4242491 B2JP 4242491B2
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treatment
endoscope
guide tube
instrument
distal end
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JP34957498A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000166936A (en
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敬一 荒井
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Olympus Corp
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Olympus Corp
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Translated fromJapanese

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、体腔内に生じた病変部を経内視鏡的に治療する内視鏡治療装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
胃や大腸などの消化器系臓器の体腔内壁に生じた病変部を治療する場合、まず経内視鏡的に治療する方法が考えられる。これは体腔内に内視鏡を挿入し、その内視鏡の処置具挿通用チャンネルを通じて手術用処置具を体腔内まで挿入して体腔内から外科的に手術を行うものである。
【0003】
しかし、この経内視鏡的外科手術を行う場合には病変部が大きかったり、病変部が壁部内深くまで浸潤していたりすると手に負えないことが多い。このような場合には体腔の外から処置する外科手術に移行し、腹腔鏡下手術や開腹手術を行うことになる。
【0004】
ところで、従来の内視鏡的外科手術において用いられる内視鏡の挿入部1は図11で示すように、可撓管部2の先端に湾曲管3を介して先端部4を連結した構成のものであり、この挿入部1内には処置具挿通用チャンネル5が全長にわたり形成されている。先端部4の先端面には処置具挿通用チャンネル5の先端が開口すると共に、この開口に並んで、観察窓6及び照明窓7が配設されている。
【0005】
そして、胃8の内壁に生じた病変部9を治療する場合、まず胃8内に挿入した挿入部1の処置具挿通用チャンネル5を通じて把持鉗子11と高周波スネア切開具12を導入し、胃8の内側から内視鏡下で病変部9を外科的に処置する。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、内視鏡の挿入部1は柔らかいものであるため、膨らませた胃8の中で空中に浮かせた状態で挿入部1を保持しようとしても先端部4がふらついてしまい、不安定な状態になってしまう。従って、挿入部1を胃の内壁面に沿わせて押し進め、胃壁で挿入部1を位置決め保持しながら先端部4を病変部9に近づけ、処置作業を行う方法が採られる。
このため、胃の壁面沿いの横から病変部9の部分を観ることになり、その結果、病変部9の全体像を把握することは困難な状況にあるため、病変部9の処置作業を難しくしていた。しかも、観察系と処置系が近くなるので、病変部9の全体を観察しようとして、内視鏡の先端部4を病変部9から離すと、処置具の先端が遠くなり、処置具の先端がふらついてしまい、病変部9がつかめなくなるなどの不都合が生じる。逆に処置具がふらつかないようにしようとして挿入部1の先端を病変部9に近づけると、画角が狭くなるので病変部9の一部しか見えないことになる。
【0007】
加えて、ここで使用する処置具は内視鏡に具備する処置具挿通用チャンネル5に挿通してのみ使用するものであるため、処置具全体が細いものである必要があり、その結果、処置具は腰がなくなる。このため、大きい範囲の腫瘍や、大きいポリープなどを処置するには能力不足になる。
【0008】
そこで、観察用内視鏡と処置具を別々に体腔内に挿入すれば良いように考えられるが、そうすると、内視鏡の視野範囲から処置具が外れてしまい思うような処置操作ができないという重大な不都合が起きる。
【0009】
また、オーバーチューブやスライディングチューブのような案内管を用いて、処置具と内視鏡が離れてしまうことのないようにすると、1本の案内管内に2本のものを挿入することになる結果、いわゆるブタ鼻の状態になり、内視鏡の外径と処置具の外径の外接円以上の内径がある太い案内管が要ることになる。
しかし、実際には体腔には自ずとその内径に制限が有るので、案内管の方の外径は太くすることが出来ず、内視鏡も処置具も細い外径のものしか使用できないので、観察能力と処置能力が落ちてしまうという不都合が起きる。特に大掛かりな手術を要する大きい病変部9や深く浸潤した病変部9を処置することが難しくなる。
【0010】
一方、後述する図12で示すように、1本の処置具挿通用チャンネル18を通じて2本の処置具、例えば把持鉗子11と高周波スネア切開具12を導入し、体腔内に突き出すようにした場合、内視鏡の先端部4から突き出した2本の処置具の間隔が狭くなり、内視鏡の先端部4の前方に位置する病変部9を処置することが非常に難しいものとなる。
【0011】
また、図11で示すように、内視鏡に2本の処置具挿通用チャンネル5を設けて、その別々のチャンネル5を通じて2つの処置具を個別に挿通する形式の場合であっても内視鏡の先端部4に設けた2本のチャンネル5の間隔が元々狭いことから突き出す処置具の間隔が狭くなることには本質的に変わりはなく、特に大掛かりな手術を要する大きい病変部9や深く浸潤した病変部9を処置することが難しい。
【0012】
さらに、内視鏡の処置具挿通用チャンネル5,18に処置具を挿通して病変部9を処置しようとすれば、必然的に病変部9と先端部4の間の狭い領域に処置具が突き出されることになる結果、その処置具が観察しようとする病変部9の視野を妨げることになる。しかも、2つの照明窓7から出射する照明光が処置具の表面に当り光ってしまい、病変部9を見にくくする。逆に1つの照明窓7から一つの照明光を出射させるようにすると、処置具の影ができて影側の画像が見にくくなる。
【0013】
図12は腸管15の内壁に生じた病変部9を処置する例を示すものであり、この場合に使用される内視鏡は観察方向が直視のものであり、その挿入部1には径の大きい1本の処置具挿通用チャンネル18を有する。この場合でも、病変部9を正面視し難くく、処置がやりにくい。また、1本の処置具挿通用チャンネル18を通じて複数の処置具を挿通するため、各処置具の先端部を小さくする必要があり、また、その後方部位のシース部分も細いものが必要である。このため、一般に腰が弱くなり、特に大掛かりな手術を要する大きい病変部9や深く浸潤した病変部9を処置することが難くなる。
【0014】
尚、特願昭53−43875号では内視鏡の挿入案内用主管に処置具挿通用チャンネルと、可撓性の光学視管の先端部を挿入案内用主管の軸外側方に偏倚せしめる手段を設け、処置性能を向上したものが記されている。
【0015】
しかしながら、この特願昭53−43875号のものでは内視鏡の挿入部の外径に近い、大型の処置具を通すことができない。また、内視鏡の鉗子挿通チャンネルを通過する処置具の柄の部分は細かったり、柔らかかったりして、処置をする大きな力を先端に伝えることができず、処置性能をより向上させるには不十分であった。
【0016】
また、実開昭51−149985号公報には内視鏡の外壁に誘導路を付設し、その誘導路を通じて外筒管を体内に挿入し、この外筒管内に縫合器を挿通するようにしたものが提案されている。
しかしながら、この実開昭51−149985号公報のものにあっては、内視鏡と外筒管が誘導路によって連結されているので、外形が太く複雑な形のものとなり、内視鏡の挿入性が劣るものであった。
【0017】
本発明は上記各事情に着目してなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、内視鏡による臓器内側から処置することができる対象を拡大し、腹腔鏡下手術や開腹手術による臓器外側からの処置を極力避け得ると共に、従来、特に難しかった、体腔の奥の壁の大きい範囲の病変部や深く浸潤した病変部の処置についても容易に行うことが可能であり、その結果、患者の入院期間及び費用、苦痛、傷痕、ガン細胞の拡散などの負担やリスクを軽減することにある。
【0018】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、体腔内に挿入される器具誘導用案内管と、上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔に挿入されるとともに処置具を挿通する挿通用チャンネルを有した少なくとも一つの第1の処置用内視鏡と、上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔に挿入されるとともに処置具を挿通する挿通用チャンネルを有した少なくとも一つの第2の処置用内視鏡と、を具備し、上記第1の処置用内視鏡の挿通用チャンネルを通じて体腔内に挿入した処置具と、上記第2の処置用内視鏡の挿通用チャンネルを通じて体腔内に挿入した処置具とを用いて体腔内の患部を処置する内視鏡治療装置であって、上記第1の処置用内視鏡は、観察手段と照明手段と上記処置具挿通チャンネルの出口とを有した第1先端部と、上記第1先端部の位置を変える湾曲機能を有する第1湾曲部とを有した、上記案内管内に挿入可能な第1挿入部を備え、かつ上記第1先端部及び上記第1湾曲部は上記案内管の先端から突き出し可能であり、上記第1挿入部はその横断面の外形状が上記案内管の内孔の径寸法よりも小さい径の弧の部分を持ち、更に上記第1先端部および上記第1湾曲部を残して上記第1湾曲部の後端に続く上記第1挿入部の部分における周面には切除形状の収納用空間を形成してなり、上記第2の処置用内視鏡は、観察手段と処置具挿通チャンネル出口とを有した第2先端部と、上記第2先端部の位置を変える湾曲機能を有する第2湾曲部とを有した、上記収納用空間に収納可能な第2挿入部を備え、かつ上記第2先端部及び上記第2湾曲部は上記収納用空間から突き出し可能であり、上記収納用空間内に上記第2挿入部を収納して上記第1の処置用内視鏡と上記第2の処置用内視鏡とを組み合わせて該第1の処置用内視鏡と該第2の処置用内視鏡とを上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔に上記第2の処置用内視鏡の第2先端部が上記案内管の先端から突き出す位置まで進退自在に挿入可能であることを特徴とする内視鏡治療装置である。
【0019】
そこで、本発明の内視鏡治療装置を使用する場合、例えば予め体腔内に挿入した内視鏡挿入部の外周に上記器具誘導用案内管を被嵌し、この後、体腔内にその内視鏡挿入部を挿入し、続けて、その内視鏡挿入部に沿わせて器具誘導用案内管を体腔内に挿入する。次に、内視鏡を一旦引き抜き、以下の処置用内視鏡と処置具ユニットを挿入して手術を行う。
【0020】
【発明の実施の形態】
[第1実施形態]
図1を参照して本発明の第1実施形態を説明する。
【0021】
(構成)
図1中、21は略円筒形状に形成された器具誘導用案内管であり、この器具誘導用案内管21は図示しない内視鏡の挿入部の外周に被嵌してその内視鏡の挿入部をガイドとして体腔内に誘導される。器具誘導用案内管21は可撓性のある長尺な管状部材によって形成されている。器具誘導用案内管21の先端には硬質の補強管22が取着されている。また、器具誘導用案内管21はその補強管22を含めて内外の径が全長にわたり等しく形成されている。
【0022】
上記器具誘導用案内管21の内孔には処置操作の観察を目的として特別に作られた1本の処置専用内視鏡23(以下、処置用内視鏡と呼ぶ)と、2本の処置具用案内管24がそれぞれ独立的に挿入されるようになっている。これら3つの器具は一緒または個別的に器具誘導用案内管21内に進退自在に挿入配置される。また、3つの器具の横断面の外形状(横断面形状とも呼ぶ)はその総和の横断面形状が略円形になり、それらの器具の直線部が、近接(接触する場合を含む)するように密集して配置される充填した関係で組み合わされるように構成されている。そして、上記3つの器具のうち少なくとも一つのものの横断面の外形状が上記器具誘導用案内管21の内孔の寸法よりもわずかに小さい径の弧の部分を持ち上記3つの器具を組み合わせて上記器具誘導用案内管21に入れる際にその組み合わせた全体の横断面の最長寸法が上記器具誘導用案内管21の内孔の径よりわずかに小さい寸法を有する形状になるように構成されている。
【0023】
上記処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25は先端部26と湾曲部27と可撓管部28とからなり、この挿入部25の横断面形状はその略全長にわたり同じく半円形に形成されている。挿入部25の横断面形状における円弧部の半径は上記器具誘導用案内管21の内孔の半径よりも僅かに小さく形成され、上記挿入部25は器具誘導用案内管21の内孔の半円の領域に略密に配置され、前後に進退自在に挿入される。
【0024】
処置用内視鏡23の先端部26には一般的な内視鏡と同様に観察手段と照明手段が組み込まれ(共に図示せず)、先端部26の先端面にはその観察手段の観察レンズ29と、その照明手段の照明レンズ30が配設されている。
【0025】
各処置具用案内管24は全長にわたりその横断面形状が円の1/4の扇形である可撓性のある長尺な管状部材によって形成されており、これらの処置具用案内管24の先端には硬質の補強管24aが取着されている。また、処置具用案内管24はその補強管24aを含めて略全長にわたり内外の径が等しく形成されている。各処置具用案内管24の横断面形状における円弧部の半径は上記器具誘導用案内管21の内孔の半径より僅かに小さい。そして、2つの処置具用案内管24を組み合わせることによりその組み合わせた全体の横断面形状が略半円形になり、上記器具誘導用案内管21の内孔の半円の領域に略密に配置され、かつ上記器具誘導用案内管21内に全体及び個別的に前後に進退自在に挿入される。
【0026】
以上のようにして、上記器具誘導用案内管21の内孔に配置される1本の処置用内視鏡23と2本の処置具用案内管24はその3本のものの総和の横断面形状が略円形になり、それらの接合する内側の直線部が近接して比較的密に組み合わせられて上記器具誘導用案内管21内に全体及び個別的に進退自在に配置されるようになっている。
【0027】
各処置具用案内管24はいずれも左右方向の2方向または上下左右方向の4方向に湾曲させる湾曲機能を有する湾曲部31を備えてなり、その湾曲部31は手元側での操作により強制的に湾曲させられることによって処置具用案内管24の先端部分を上下左右に移動したり処置具用案内管24の先端の向きを変えたりすることができるようになっている。
【0028】
また、処置具用案内管24の湾曲部31は種々の偏倚または変向を得るために複数の湾曲部分を組み合わせて構成しても良い。例えば手元側部分を左右に広がる向きに湾曲し、先端側部分を内側に向ける湾曲を行うようにすると、図1で示すように病変部39を処置する上で都合が良い。
【0029】
各処置具用案内管24には把持鉗子32や高周波スネア切開具36等の治療等に必要な処置具が個別的に挿通されるようになっている。本実施形態では、左側の処置具用案内管24に把持鉗子32を挿入して1つの処置具ユニット(処置装置)35を構成し、右側の処置具用案内管24に高周波スネア切開具36を挿入して別の処置具ユニット(処置装置)37を構成している。
【0030】
尚、上記各処置具ユニットは把持鉗子32や高周波スネア切開具36等の処置具が単独の場合も含むものとする。
【0031】
(作用・効果)
この第1実施形態の内視鏡治療装置を用いて胃38の内壁に生じた病変部39を切除する内視鏡的外科手術を行う場合について説明する。まず、胃38内に比較的太径の図示しない、例えば軟性内視鏡を挿入し、この内視鏡の挿入部に予め外装しておいた器具誘導用案内管21を、その軟性内視鏡の挿入部に沿ってスライドしながらその先端部分が病変部39の近くになるまで誘導する。この後、器具誘導用案内管21の挿入した後の姿勢を維持しながら上記内視鏡のみを抜き取る。
【0032】
次に、平面部分が互いに合うようにして1本の処置用内視鏡23と2本の処置具用案内管24を円柱状に束ね、これらを一緒に器具誘導用案内管21の内孔に挿入する。そして、器具誘導用案内管21の先端開口から処置用内視鏡23と処置具用案内管24の先端部分を突き出すようにする。この後、右側の処置具用案内管24には把持鉗子32を挿通し、左側の処置具用案内管24には高周波スネア切開具36を挿入する。
【0033】
ついで、図1で示すように、右側の処置具用案内管24と左側の処置具用案内管24に挿入した把持鉗子32と高周波スネア切開具36を進退操作し、また、各処置具用案内管24の湾曲機能を利用し、その案内管24の湾曲部31を適宜湾曲操作することにより、把持鉗子32と高周波スネア切開具36の先端の位置決め操作を行う。
【0034】
このような操作を行うことにより病変部39に高周波スネア切開具36のスネアワイヤ36aのループ部分を掛けると共に、把持鉗子32により病変部39を把持して隆起させながら高周波スネア切開具36のスネアワイヤ36aで病変部39の根元部分を絞り込み、そのスネアワイヤ36aに高周波を通電して病変部39を切除する。
【0035】
この際、処置具ユニット35,37から独立した処置用内視鏡23により病変部39の状態と把持鉗子32及び高周波スネア切開具36の位置や動きを観察しながら操作を行うことができるため、処置作業が容易であり、かつ迅速に処置することができる。
【0036】
以上の如く、処置用内視鏡23による観察機能及び湾曲機能と、処置具ユニット35,37による処置機能及び湾曲機能とが独立しているために、処置用内視鏡23の先端部26を病変部39に対して斜め上に位置させることができる。また、病変部39と処置具ユニット35,37の動きや位置等を観察して処置操作の全体像を確実に把握することができる。しかも、器具誘導用案内管21によって各器具の位置が安定的に保持されるので、病変部39の処置作業を確実かつ迅速に行うことができる。
【0037】
勿論、処置具ユニット35,37の位置が自由に選べ、不必要に近接させることがないので、処置用内視鏡23の観察視野を妨げることがない。また、観察しようとする視野が処置具ユニット35,37の影に入ったりすることを極力避け得るので、明瞭な画像で観察することができる。
【0038】
また、処置具ユニット35,37の案内管24の方にも湾曲機能が付いているので、2本の処置具の距離を十分に離して使用することができる。従って、操作性が良いと共に、特に大掛かりな手術となる大きい病変部39や深く浸潤した病変部39であっても容易に対処することが可能である。
【0039】
さらに、左右横方向に処置具を動かせるので、例えば、体壁を横方向に伸ばして、伸びた箇所を電気メスで切開するなどの様々な処置にも適用が可能なものである。
【0040】
[第2実施形態]
図2を参照して本発明の第2実施形態を説明する。
【0041】
(構成)
本実施形態では上記器具誘導用案内管21内に挿通される処置用内視鏡23の先端部26の横断面形状が円形であり、一方、挿入部25の湾曲部27及び可撓管部28の横断面形状が上側のみを半円形状にしたものである。挿入部25の湾曲部27及び可撓管部28はその下側半分が切除された形状であり、この切除後の空間部分によって、後述する1本の処置具用案内管24を嵌め込む収納用空間41を形成する。
【0042】
上記処置用内視鏡23の先端部26における先端面には、観察手段の観察レンズ29と照明手段の照明レンズ30の他に挿通用チャンネル(処置具挿通管路)42の先端が開口している。この挿通用チャンネル42は挿入部25の全長にわたり形成されるものである。ここで、観察レンズ29は先端部26の先端面における比較的下側部位に位置して配置され、照明レンズ30はその近くの左右に位置して配置されている。さらに挿通用チャンネル42の先端開口は比較的上側に位置する部位に配置されている。つまり、挿通用チャンネル42の先端開口は観察レンズ29及び収納用空間41よりも上側に位置して配置されている。
【0043】
上記処置具用案内管24は全長にわたりその断面形状が半円扇形の断面形状を有した可撓性のある長尺な管状部材によって形成されており、上記処置用内視鏡23の収納用空間41内に適合して嵌め込まれる形状に構成されている。つまり収納用空間41内に処置具用案内管24を抱き込むように嵌め込んで収納したときの総和の横断面形状が略円形になり、両器具の直線部が接する状態で密に配置される関係で両器具が組み合わされ、上記器具誘導用案内管21内に纏めて一緒に挿通可能なように構成されている。
【0044】
しかして、処置具用案内管24の横断面形状は半円形であり、この半円形と、処置用内視鏡23の湾曲部27及び可撓管部28の部分の横断面形状の半円形とを合わせた横断面形状が略円形となり、この総和の円形の外径が上記器具誘導用案内管21の内径よりも小さくなるように、各器具は円弧と直線を組み合わせた横断面形状にて構成されている。
【0045】
また、処置具用案内管24は前述した第1実施形態と同様に湾曲機能を有する湾曲部31を有しており、その湾曲部31は手元側での操作により強制的に湾曲させられるようになっている。
【0046】
(作用)
本実施形態では1本の処置用内視鏡23の収納用空間41に処置具用案内管24が抱き込むようにした形に組み合わせられ、そして、両器具を器具誘導用案内管21内にまとめて挿入するようにしたものである。
【0047】
そこで、第1実施形態で述べたと同様に器具誘導用案内管21を体腔内に導入し、器具誘導用案内管21の先端から処置用内視鏡23及び処置具用案内管24の先端部分を突き出し、さらに処置具用案内管24を下側に湾曲して収納用空間41から離脱させて前方へ進める。
【0048】
そして、図2で示すように、処置用内視鏡23の挿通用チャンネル42を通じて把持鉗子32を挿通し、処置具用案内管24には鋏鉗子44を挿通して、病変部39を切除する手技を行う。
【0049】
また、処置用内視鏡23の挿通用チャンネル42を通じて把持鉗子32を挿通すると共に、第1実施形態で述べた如く、処置具用案内管24に高周波スネア切開具36を挿通して病変部39の高周波切除を行うこともできる。
【0050】
(効果)
本実施形態では処置具用案内管24に処置用内視鏡23と処置具用案内管24を後入れする際、それらの先端部が分かれていないので、複数の器具を挿入するにも拘らず、複数の器具がバラバラになり難く、また、引っ掛かりや挿入抵抗が少なく、複数の器具を器具誘導用案内管21に挿入しやすい。
【0051】
処置具用案内管24としては1本のみ用いるので、その占有空間を大きくすることが可能であり、案内管24の内部空間を第1実施形態のものに比べ大きくすることができる。従って、大きい処置具を挿入して使用することができる。
【0052】
また、第1実施形態の場合では主に横方向から処置操作を行うようにしたが、本実施形態では縦方向から処置操作ができるので、腫瘍のできた粘膜を把持鉗子32で引っ張り上げて大きく隆起させてから鋏鉗子44で剥離するなどの手技が容易である。
【0053】
さらに、処置用内視鏡23の先端部26を大きくすることができるため、大きな観察光学系及び照明光学系を組み込むことができ、それらの能力を高めることが容易である。
【0054】
[第3実施形態]
図3を参照して本発明の第3実施形態を説明する。
【0055】
(構成)
本実施形態では上記器具誘導用案内管21内に挿通される処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25が先端部26を含めてその横断面形状が上側のみの半円形である。また、湾曲機能付きの処置具用案内管24の横断面形状は前述した第2実施形態と同様に下側のみの半円形であり、その挿入部25と処置具用案内管24の直線部分が互いに接合されたときの総和の横断面形状が略円形になり、両器具の平面部分が接合した組み合わせの状態で、上記処置具用案内管24内に挿通可能なように構成されている。
【0056】
上記処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25における先端部26の下側面部(処置具用案内管24との境界面側に向く部分)には観察手段の観察レンズ29と照明手段の照明レンズ30が前後に並べて配設してなり、この処置用内視鏡23は側方視観察と側方視照明を行う側視型形式のものとなっている。
【0057】
上記観察レンズ29の内側には図示しない固体撮像素子などの撮像手段が設けられ、また照明レンズ30の内側には図示しないライトガイドファイバの先端が配置されている。上記ライトガイドファイバはその手元側遠位端から同じく図示しない光源装置からの光を受け、その光を側方へ向けた照明レンズ30に伝達して体腔内を照明するようになっている。
【0058】
また、処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25における先端部26の下面部には挿通用チャンネル42の出口42aが形成され、この出口42aには処置具を曲げる処置具起上台43が具備されている。処置具起上台43は先端部26に所定の角度の範囲内で回転自在に枢着されている。そして、通常、処置具起上台43は倒伏して出口42a内に収納された姿勢にあるが、処置用内視鏡23の図示しない操作部に設けた起上操作レバーを回転させると、これに連動する起上ワイヤー(図示せず)の牽引により起上するようになっている。
その他の構成については、前述した第1実施形態または第2実施形態のものと同様の構成である。
【0059】
(作用)
これまでの例と同様に、予め、図示しない内視鏡を用いて、病変部39の近くに先端がくるように器具誘導用案内管21を体腔内に挿入して留置する。処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25と処置具用案内管24を抱き合わせると共に、処置用内視鏡23の観察レンズ29よりも先端が後方に位置するように処置具用器具誘導用案内管21をずらす。この状態のまま、処置用内視鏡23により器具誘導用案内管21の内壁を観察しながら処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25と処置具用案内管24の両方を一緒に器具誘導用案内管21内に挿入していく。
【0060】
処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25の先端部26が器具誘導用案内管21の先端から突き出し、処置用内視鏡23により体腔壁が見え、その先端部26が器具誘導用案内管21の先端から突き出したことを確認したら、処置用内視鏡23の湾曲部27を湾曲させつつ、その挿入部25を適宜回転させて、病変部39を真上から観察するようにする。このとき、処置具用案内管24も挿入部25と一緒に回転させる。
【0061】
次に、処置具用案内管24に高周波スネア切開具36を挿通し、その処置具案内管24を湾曲させたり進退させたりし、さらには高周波スネア切開具36を適宜進退させながら、病変部39に高周波スネア切開具36のループワイヤ36aを掛ける。続いて、処置具、例えば把持鉗子32を処置用内視鏡23の挿通用チャンネル42に挿通し、その出口42aから体腔内に先端部を突き出す。さらに起上台43を適宜起上して把持鉗子32のシース先端部分を側方へ曲げるように押しながら把持鉗子32により、病変部39を掴み、病変部39を引っ張り上げる。この後、高周波スネア切開具36のループワイヤ36aを引き締めて、通電し、病変部39を切除する。
【0062】
(効果)
ここでの処置用内視鏡23は側方を観察する側視型のものを用いているため、病変部39を真上から観察することが可能であり、高周波スネア切開具36のループワイヤ36aが病変部39の周囲に来ることが容易に分かる。また、病変部39を掴む操作も、病変部39を引っ張り上げる操作も、ループワイヤ36aを締める操作のいずれも観察しながら確実に行うことができ、処置の確実性を向上することが出来る。さらに2本の処置具を独立して操作することができるので、失敗によるやり直しが少ない。
【0063】
尚、本実施形態では処置用内視鏡23の観察方向がその内視鏡23の長手方向の軸に対して90度の角度にしたが、病変部39の部位によっては後方斜視にしたり、前方斜視にしても良い。組み合わせて使用する処置具の種類も、クリップと電気メス、T字形状のタグで引き上げてレーザ−プローブでカットするとか色々のものが考えられる。また、上述した第1実施形態の場合のように、2本の処置具用案内管24を使用するようにしても良い。
【0064】
[第4実施形態]
図4を参照して本発明の第4実施形態を説明する。
(構成)
本実施形態では処置具用案内管24の代わりに先端が斜めにカットされた透明で柔軟なウレタン樹脂製のキャップ50を先端に設けた湾曲機能付きの吸引チューブ51を用いるようにした処置具ユニットの例である。また、処置用内視鏡23はその先端部26の所の横断面の外形状が略円形な外形であり、湾曲部27と可撓管部の所には横断面の外形状が三日月形状の収納用凹溝部52を形成した。上記吸引チューブ51はその収納用凹溝部52内に嵌め込まれて収納されるようになっている。
【0065】
処置用内視鏡23の先端部26においての上記収納用凹溝部52を配置する側に位置する下面部には観察手段の観察レンズ29と照明手段の照明レンズ30が前後方向に並べて配設され、これにより前述した第3実施形態の場合と同様、側方視観察と側方視照明を行う側視型の内視鏡を構成している。
【0066】
先端部26の下面部には、挿通用チャンネル42の出口42aが形成されており、この出口42aには前述した第3実施形態の場合と同様、処置具の突き出し方向を調節する処置具起上台43が備えられている。上記先端部26にはさらに洗浄水や空気を吹き付けて観察レンズ29の外表面を洗浄する洗浄ノズル53が配設されている。また、この実施形態での照明手段の光源は先端部26に内蔵される白色LEDである。
【0067】
(作用)
まず、前述したように、図示しない内視鏡挿入部を用いて、病変部39の近くに先端がくるように器具誘導用案内管21を体腔内に挿入して留置する。次に、処置用内視鏡23の収納用凹溝部52内に吸引チューブ51を嵌め込むことにより両者を抱き合わせて両方の器具を一緒に纏め、このように組み合わされた処置用内視鏡23と吸引チューブ51の両者を器具誘導用案内管21内に挿通し、その先端部分が体腔内の病変部39の近傍に位置する場所まで導く。
【0068】
そして、病変部39の近傍に導いたところで、処置用内視鏡23の湾曲部27を吸引チューブ51から離れる向きに湾曲し、その処置用内視鏡23から吸引チューブ51を分離する。例えば静脈瘤のような病変部39の場合、病変部39を視野内に捉えたら病変部39の周囲に挿通用チャンネル42を通じて挿入したループ留置具54のループワイヤ55を押し付けて位置決めさせる。この後、病変部39に吸引キャップ50の先端部分を被せる。
【0069】
そして、吸引ポンプのスイッチをオンとし、吸引キャップ50内に病変部39を吸い込む。吸引キャップ50内に病変部39が十分に吸い込まれたところで、その病変部39の周囲に配置した上記ループワイヤ55を絞り込み、その後、ループワイヤ55の部分を切り離し、病変部39を把束した状態で、ループワイヤ55を放出してそのまま留置する。
【0070】
(効果)
本実施形態によれば、把持鉗子やクリップで病変部39を引き上げる場合に比べて、大きな病変部39を十分に引き上げることができる。また、吸引キャップ50内に病変部39を吸引する力を十分に強くすることができるので、病変部39の引き締め時、または病変部39を引き上げる時、処置具の方が病変部39側に引き込まれてしまう不具合がない。加えて、吸引力をコントロールすることにより、広範な病変部39や深い病変部39であっても的確な処置が可能になる。
【0071】
本実施形態では処置用内視鏡23の湾曲部27の部分から手元側にわたりその横断面形状が三日月形状の収納用凹溝部52を形成しているが、湾曲部27も先端部26と同様、横断面形状が円形なものとしてその湾曲部27の後端に続く可撓管部28の部分から収納用凹溝部52を形成するようにしても良い。
【0072】
また、上記吸引チューブ51の横断面形状も円形のものに限るものではなく、半円、扇状、三日月状などの形状として、相手の処置用内視鏡23の横断面形状と組み合わせたときに略円形になるようにしてもかまわない。
【0073】
さらには処置用内視鏡23の先端部26の横断面形状も円形のものに限るものではなく、前述した図3で示した第3実施形態のもののように半円形状にしたものでも良い。
【0074】
また、ループ留置具54の代わりに前述したような高周波スネア切開具36を用いて病変部39を焼灼して切除するようにしても良い。
粘膜下の腫瘍や陥凹型の病変部について処置する場合には、予め、処置用内視鏡23を用いて注射器を挿入し、病変部39の下に生理食塩水を注入し、筋層から病変部39を剥離し、病変部39を隆起させておくようにしても良い。また、病変部39が判別し難い揚合は目印をつけておいて病変部39を処置するようにしても良い。
【0075】
[第5実施形態]
図5を参照して本発明の第5実施形態を説明する。
【0076】
(構成)
本実施形態では、体腔内の病変部39を引き上げる手段として、上述した第4実施形態の吸引チューブ51の代わりに2番目の処置用内視鏡60を用い、これを一つの処置具ユニットとして上述した第4実施形態の処置用内視鏡23に組み合わせるようにしたものである。
【0077】
この2番目の処置用内視鏡60は先端部61と湾曲部62を有する挿入部63を備えてなり、その先端部61の先端面には観察手段の観察レンズ64と照明手段の照明レンズ65とを設け、その観察レンズ64の後ろの部分には観察手段としてイメージガイドファイバを設け、照明レンズ65の後ろの部分には照明手段としてライトガイドファイバを設ける。上記先端部61の先端面には挿通用チャンネル66の先端を開口し、これにより処置具を突き出すようになっている。つまり、この2番目の処置用内視鏡60も第2実施形態での処置用内視鏡23と同様の直視型内視鏡を構成している。
【0078】
(作用)
処置用内視鏡23で真上から体腔内の病変部39を観察しつつ、2番目の処置用内視鏡60で、病変部39を横方向から観察しつつ、両方の処置用内視鏡23,60を用いて各種の処置を行うことができる。
【0079】
例えば、処置用内視鏡23の挿通用チャンネル42を通じて導入したループ留置具54のループワイヤ55を病変部39のまわりにおき、2番目の処置用内視鏡60の挿通用チャンネル66を通じて挿入したT字形のタグ67を病変部39の壁に貫通させてその病変部39を引き上げ、上記ループ留置具54のループワイヤ55にて病変部39を結紮し、この後、ループワイヤ55を放出してループ留置具54を留置する。
【0080】
(効果)
以上の如く、2つの処置用内視鏡23,60により病変部39を観察しつつ引き上げ具としての第2の処置用内視鏡60を使用するので処置がし易い。
【0081】
もちろん、処置方法は反対の組み合わせ、つまり、処置用内視鏡23側で引き上げ、2番目の処置用内視鏡60側で結紮して留置するようにしても良い。また、処置部位によっては処置用内視鏡23の観察方向は側方でなくて直視でも良いし、また、2番目の処置用内視鏡60には照明手段を設けなくても内視鏡23の照明手段でカバーできる症例もある。2番目の処置用内視鏡60は観察手段に固体撮像素子を用いた電子内視鏡としても良い。これらの横断面形状も上記の形状に限るものではない。
【0082】
[第6実施形態]
図6を参照して本発明の第6実施形態を説明する。
【0083】
(構成)
本実施形態では処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25の横断面形状が略半円形であり、その先端部26における先端面が45度の斜めにカットされており、この処置用内視鏡23はその観察方向が前方に45度の斜めになっている斜視型のものとなっている。先端部26の斜めの先端面には2つの照明レンズ30と、1つの観察レンズ29と、1つの処置具挿通用チャンネル(処置具挿通管路)42の出口が設けられている。照明レンズ30にはライトガイドファイバー束からなる照明光伝達手段がそれぞれ接続されている。また、挿通用チャンネル42の先端の出口の内部には処置具起上台43が配設されている。
【0084】
また、本実施形態では上記処置用内視鏡23と対を成す湾曲機能付きの自動縫合器70が設けられ、この自動縫合器70の挿入部71は上記処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25の略半円形の横断面形状と対を成す略半円形の横断面形状を持ち、上記器具誘導用案内管21内にまとめて挿入されるようになっている。つまり、処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25と自動縫合器70の挿入部71を組み合わせたときの総和の横断面形状は略円形になり、それらの接合する内側の直線部が近接して比較的密に組み合わせられて上記器具誘導用案内管21内に進退自在に配置され得るようになっている。しかして、処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25と自動縫合器70の挿入部71を組み合わせたときの総和の円形な横断面形状の外径は上記器具誘導用案内管21の内孔の内径よりも僅かに小さく形成されている。
【0085】
上記自動縫合器70の挿入部71における先端部には開閉自在な一対のジョー72を有した縫合部73が設けられている。一対のジョー72はその内側に縫合用ステープル74を装着し、一対のジョー72を閉じて組織部分を挟み込むことにより組織部分をステープル74で縫合するようになっている。また、一対のジョー72は閉じておくことにより処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25と一緒に上記器具誘導用案内管21内に進退自在に挿入配置することができる。
【0086】
(作用)
処置用内視鏡23により斜め上から体腔内を観察するとき、その視野内に病変部39を捉えたら挿通用チャンネル42を通じて把持鉗子32を挿入し、この把持鉗子32で病変部39を掴む。この際、必要に応じて処置具起上台43を上げ下げ回動して、把持鉗子32による把持位置を調整する。把持鉗子32で病変部39を掴んだらその把持鉗子32を処置用内視鏡23の先端部26近くまで引き込み、その状態で処置用内視鏡23の湾曲部27を湾曲させることにより病変部39を持ち上げる。
【0087】
この際、自動縫合器71の縫合部73の一対のジョー72を開いてその間の位置に病変部39の根元部分を位置させる。この後、一対のジョー72の間で病変部39を挟み込み、ステープル74により縫合する。
【0088】
(効果)
本実施形態では、斜め上から病変部39の全体像を捉えることができるので、病変部39の根元部分を縫合する処置の操作がしやすい。また、前述したような処置具用案内管24を介さず、直接に器具誘導用案内管21内に自動縫合器70を挿入するようにしたので、比較的大型の自動縫合器70を使用することができる。さらに、自動縫合器70は異形な大型の横断面形状に形成した湾曲機能付きの処置具であるのが普通であるが、器具誘導用案内管21内に直接挿入するようにしたので、余裕をもって使用することができる。その結果、処置範囲を拡大することができる。
【0089】
尚、処置用内視鏡23の挿入部25における先端面が45度の斜めにカットしたが、そのカットする角度は45度に限るものではない。また、自動縫合器70の代わりに超音波振動切開具、高周波切開ハサミ鉗子、前述した高周波ワイヤ切開具または後述する図10に示すような高周波切開具などを用いれば、より広範囲な粘膜の切除が容易である。さらに、縫合器の縫合方向は軸に平行な上記の例に限るものではなく、直角な方向であっても良い。
【0090】
[第7実施形態]
図7を参照して本発明の第7実施形態を説明する。
【0091】
(構成)
本実施形態の処置用内視鏡23はその先端部26のみが比較的径の大きな円形の横断面形状を有するものである。先端部26の側方部位には観察光学系の観察レンズ29と照明光学系の照明レンズ30が設けられており、この観察レンズ29と照明レンズ30とは円筒形のアクリル樹脂製の透明カバー75によって覆われている。
【0092】
処置用内視鏡23の先端部26には湾曲部27及び可撓管部28を有してなる細管76が接続されている。この細管76は先端部26の径よりも小さい径を有し、その先端は先端部26の中心軸から外れ、先端部26の上周面に一杯の上側にずれて位置し、先端部26の後端に接続されている。
【0093】
また、処置用内視鏡23の先端部26の後端から細管76を避けた領域には上記同様に湾曲機能を有する処置具用案内管80が配置されるようになっている。処置具用案内管80の上側周面部分には上記細管76を嵌め込み配置するための凹溝部81を処置具用案内管80の長手方向に沿って長く形成してなり、その凹溝部81を含む部分の横断面形状の外形状は、いわゆるそら豆みたいな形になっている。
【0094】
上記凹溝部81内に細管76を配置するようにして処置用内視鏡23と処置具用案内管80を密に組み合わせたときの総和の横断面形状は略円形になり、両者は上記処置用案内管80内に進退自在に配置される。
上記処置具用案内管80内には同じくそら豆形状の横断面形状を有する2本の処置具挿通用チャンネル82が貫通して設けられている。
【0095】
(作用)
処置用内視鏡23の先端部26の後端から細管76を避けた領域に上記処置具用案内管80を抱き合わせるようにして両者を組み合わせる。そして、両者を器具誘導用案内管21内に挿入して体腔内まで導き入れる。両者の先端が器具誘導用案内管21の先端から体腔内に突き出したところで、処置具用案内管80の湾曲部83に湾曲をかけて処置用内視鏡23から分離する。
【0096】
そして、図7で示すように処置用内視鏡23によって病変部39を真上から観察しながら処置具用案内管80の2本の処置具挿通用チャンネル82を通じてそれぞれ挿入した対の処置具で病変部39を処置する。例えば、把持鉗子32で病変部39を摘まんで引っ張り上げながら高周波スネア切開具36によって病変部39を切除する。
【0097】
(効果)
処置用内視鏡23の先端部26の横断面形状が太い径の円形なものであり、湾曲部27及び可撓管部28を有する細管76はそれよりも細い径の円形のものであるため、先端部26に観察光学系と照明光学系の主要部を組み込み、細管76には他の部材を組み込むことにより、特に細管76の構造を簡単にすることができる。また、細管76の部分の横断面形状が円形なので、その細管76を湾曲する際に偏るなどの乱れた動きを招かない。
【0098】
尚、本実施形態での処置具用案内管80は一本のみを用いる場合として説明したが、2本の処置具用案内管80を用いて処置用内視鏡23の先端部26の後ろに配置するようにしても良い。この場合、各処置具用案内管80には1本の処置具挿通用チャンネル82を形成するようにしても良い。また、使用する各処置具の組み合わせもこの例に限るものではなく、例えば、上述したような各種の組み合わせが考えられる。
【0099】
[第8実施形態]
図8を参照して本発明の第8実施形態を説明する。
【0100】
(構成)
本実施形態では前述した第1実施形態のものと類似するものであるが、その処置機能のある器具が、湾曲機能付きの把持鉗子85と、湾曲機能付きの処置具用案内管86に挿通される処置具、例えば高周波処置具87としたものである。上記把持鉗子85のシース88の部分における横断面形状は中心近くの角が鋭角な扇型であり、上記処置具用案内管86の横断面形状は中心近くの角の角度が鈍角な扇型であり、以上の2つの角度を合わせると180度になり、両者を合わせた総和の横断面形状が略半円になるようになっている。
【0101】
一方、処置用内視鏡23の横断面形状は略半円であり、この半円と上記処置機能側の半円の両者を合わせると、略円形になり、その円形の外径は上記処置機能部材を挿通する器具誘導用案内管21の内径よりも僅かに小さくなるように形成してある。つまり、把持鉗子85と、処置具用案内管86と、処置用内視鏡23の3者を接合して纏めると、器具誘導用案内管21の内孔内に挿通できるように組立てられるように構成されている。
【0102】
(作用)
第1実施形態とは異なり、処置操作はシース88の横断面形状が異形の処置具と、処置具用案内管86に挿通した処置具の組み合わせにより処置する。
【0103】
(効果)
本実施形態によれば、処置具用案内管を利用して処置具を用いる場合に比べ、大きい処置具を用いて処置することができる。従って、大きいポリープ等の処置を容易に行うことが可能になる。
【0104】
尚、処置機能を有する側の各部材の抱き合わせたときの総和の横断面形状、及びこれらを挿通する器具誘導用案内管21の横断面形状を真円ではなく、楕円などの非円形(異形)に形成しても良い。
【0105】
[第9実施形態]
図9を参照して本発明の第9実施形態を説明する。
【0106】
(構成)
本実施形態がこれまでの各実施形態のものと異なる点は器具誘導用案内管21の壁部の一部に簡易式の照明手段を組み込むようにしたところにある。この照明手段の照明レンズ90はその器具誘導用案内管21の先端面に設けられている。また、照明手段のライトガイドファイバーと小型のハロゲンランプと電池とからなるバッテリーは器具誘導用案内管21の壁部内に内蔵されている。また、処置用内視鏡23と湾曲機能付きの処置具用案内管24の横断面形状はそれぞれ半円である。
【0107】
(作用・効果)
このように構成したので、内視鏡の挿入部に沿って体腔内の病変部39近くまで先端を導入された器具誘導用案内管21の照明手段を点灯して病変部39を照明することができる。また、処置用内視鏡23と湾曲機能付きの処置具用案内管24を抱き合わせて器具誘導用案内管21内に挿入し、その処置用内視鏡23に設けられた挿通用チャンネル42を通して挿入した把持鉗子32で、病変部39を含む体腔壁を引っ張り上げて自動縫合器70で縫合する。また、処置用内視鏡23と処置具用案内管24を通じて種々の処置具を挿入し、種々の処置を行うことができる。
【0108】
また、器具誘導用案内管21に照明手段を組み込んだので、処置用内視鏡23の照明手段のライトガイドの本数を削減することが可能になり、処置用内視鏡23の外径を細くすることができる、これにより、間接的且つ相対的に同時に用いる処置具用案内管24自体を太くすることが可能になり、大型の処置具、自動縫合器や超音波振動熱焼灼カッタとかを用いることができるようになる。
【0109】
本実施形態では器具誘導用案内管21の壁の全てにライトガイドを埋め込むとか、白色のLEDを先端に内蔵するとかして照明手段を構成するようにしても良い。この照明手段の照明光量を上げれば、処置用内視鏡23は観察手段だけでもよく、これによって処置用内視鏡23や処置具用案内管24の更なる細径化やその処置具挿通用チャンネルの径を太くすることができる。
【0110】
[第10実施形態]
図10を参照して本発明の第10実施形態を説明する。
【0111】
(構成)
本実施形態では器具誘導用案内管21に挿入して使用される処置用内視鏡23の先端部26の形状が、砲弾型形状のものの先端途中から後方部分を斜め45度の角度に切り取って除き、その開いた部分に砲弾型形状の外径より小さい外径を有する円筒状部91を中心を片側に寄せ付けた形に形成したものである。先端部26の最大外径は器具誘導用案内管21の内径より僅かに小さく、上記円筒状部91はその最大外径の外形領域内に入り込むように構成されている。2つの外径の差の部分に形成される三日月状の段差面92には観察手段の観察レンズ29と照明手段の照明レンズ30とが後方斜めに向けて配設されている。
【0112】
この段差に対向する窪み位置にはその段差の三日月形状に近い断面形状のシース93を有する湾曲機能付きの高周波レゼクト処置具94が配置されるようになっている。高周波レゼクト処置具94はシース93の先端に円弧状の高周波ワイヤ95を進退自在に設けられている。また、先端部26は合成樹脂などの絶縁材料で作られている。
【0113】
(作用)
処置用内視鏡23に高周波レゼクト処置具94を抱き合わせてこれらを一緒に上記器具誘導用案内管21内に挿入して使用される。例えば、図示しない内視鏡を利用して食道96に器具誘導用案内管21を挿入し、続いて処置用内視鏡23と高周波レゼクト処置具94を抱き合わせてこれらを一緒に上記器具誘導用案内管21内に挿入し、体腔内に突き出して病変部39を確認する。病変部39を確認したら処置用内視鏡23で後方を観察しながら食道96と胃97の境界の噴門部98に生じた病変部39(例えばバレット上皮や腫瘍)に対して円弧状の高周波ワイヤ95に通電しながら当てて引き上げることで、病変部39の組織を削ぎ落とす。
【0114】
(効果)
もともと、噴門部98の所は狭まっているために観察が難しく、病変部39を見落としがちであった。また、逆流性食道炎やバレット上皮という、噴門部98の内面の粘膜の病気が増えているが、その観察/処置が難かった。従来、内視鏡先端を胃97内に挿入し、内視鏡先端に湾曲を180度以上かけた状態で噴門部98の胃97側から見上げる状態で観察していたが、この方法では胃97側しか見えないし、処置をするにも内視鏡挿入部が邪魔になる。湾曲を180度以上にすると、先端部26がふらつくため、処置具が狙い通りに病変部39を捉えられないなどの欠点があった。
【0115】
また、食道96側から観察方向が前方の、いわゆる直視型内視鏡で、観察/処置をしようとすると、噴門部98が閉じているので、押し広げながらの観察になる。内壁と先端が密着しているので、俗に言うところの赤玉状態になり、狭い範囲の観察しかできない。噴門部98の近くにおいても、内壁は横からの観察と処置になるので病変部39を確実に捉えることができず、処置がやりにくかった。また、斜視型や側視型の内視鏡では観察は容易になるのであるが、内視鏡の処置具挿通用チャンネルの出口に設けた鉗子起上台を操作して、処置具を観察方向に曲げることになり、処置具の動きは内壁に沿って病変部39を削ぎ取るような動きにはならなかった。また、処置具挿通用チャンネルを通じて挿入することができる処置具は細く腰がないため、内壁を十分に捉えることは難しかった。
【0116】
しかし、本実施形態では、観察方向をこれまでにない後方斜視にし、処置用内視鏡23の先端部26と上記器具誘導用案内管21を用いて噴門部98を押し広げることによって、これまで、観察や処置が難かった噴門部98の胃97側から食道96側を一度に観察と処置ができる。また、処置具と処置用内視鏡23を同時に引きながら徐々に処置することで、病変部39を近くで観察しながら確実に処置することができるようになった。
【0117】
また、処置具と処置用内視鏡23が独立しているので、処置用内視鏡23の先端は固定して、病変部39を定点観察しつつ、処置具を曲げて食道96の内壁に沿うように引き動かすことができる。
【0118】
バレット上皮の場合、治療は全周を削ぎ落とすことになるが、内視鏡の処置具挿通用チャンネルを通しての処置具であると、シースが細いので腰が弱く、先端が大きくできないので、処置する面積が少なくなり、全周を処置するには何回も繰り返して、処置をする必要があり、面倒であった。
しかし、本実施形態では処置具、特に高周波ワイヤ95の部分を長くできるので、全周を処置する回数が少なくできる。
【0119】
この他に、同様に狭まっている幽門部の観察/処置も可能である。十二指腸の狭窄部なども考えられる。
【0120】
尚、本実施形態の段差面92の部分のカットの角度を変えるか、光学系を変えることによって、後方斜視の角度を30度や60度などしても良い。また、器具誘導用案内管21の先端を斜めにカットし、短い側を処置操作に用いるようにしても良い。さらに、使用する処置具としては上述したものの他に、アルゴンプラズマレーザーや、ローラーによる高周波焼灼具等であっても良い。
【0121】
さらには器具誘導用案内管21に挿入する処置用内視鏡は固体撮像素子が大きく、観察能力に優れた内視鏡が適しているので、固体撮像素子を内蔵する先端部分については大きな円形の横断面形状とし、これに比べて湾曲部や挿入部は非円形の小さな横断面形状のものとしても良い。
【0122】
また、前述した実施形態では上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔及びこれに入れる器具の組み合わせた全体の横断面形状が略円形であったが、本発明ではそれに限らず、楕円や長円または他の形状のものであっても良い。
【0123】
処置用内視鏡と処置ユニットの個別の進退をより円滑にするために、それぞれを滑り性に優れる材料を用いるとか、外表面に滑り性の良いコートをするようにしてもよい。また、処置用内視鏡と処置ユニット器具を挿入する案内管の内面に同様のコートを施しても良い。
【0124】
<付記>
1.体腔内に挿入される器具誘導用案内管と、
上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔に進退自在に挿入される少なくとも一つの処置用内視鏡と、
上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔に進退自在に挿入される少なくとも一つの処置具ユニットとを具備してなり、
上記内視鏡と上記処置具ユニットのうち少なくとも一つのものの横断面の外形状が上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔の径よりもわずかに小さい径の弧の部分を持ち、上記内視鏡と上記処置具ユニットを組み合わせて上記器具誘導用案内管に入れる際にその組み合わせた全体の横断面の外形状が上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔の径よりわずかに小さい径を有する形状になるように構成したことを特徴とする内視鏡治療装置。
【0125】
2.体腔内に上記器具誘導用案内管を誘導するための第2の内視鏡を備えた第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
3.内視鏡と処置具ユニットの少なくとも一方における一部の横断面形状を、一部に円弧を有する非円形の形状にすると共に、この円弧の径を器具誘導用案内管の内孔の半径より僅かに小さくし、かつその円弧の部分を外側になるようにして上記内視鏡と処置具ユニットを組み合わせたときの全体の横断面形状が略円形になることを特徴とする内視鏡治療装置。
【0126】
4.内視鏡と処置具ユニットの少なくとも一方における一部の横断面形状の非円形の形状は円弧と別の曲線との組み合わせた形であることを特徴とする第3項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
5.非円形の形状が、円弧と直線との組み合わせた略扇形状であることを特徴とする第3項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
【0127】
6.内視鏡と処置具ユニットの断面形状が共に略半円であり、内視鏡と処置具ユニットを組み合わせたときの全体の断面形状が共に略円であることを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
7.内視鏡と処置具ユニットの断面形状が共に略扇形であることを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
8.処置具ユニットは湾曲機能を具備してなることを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
【0128】
9.処置具ユニットは湾曲機能を具備してなる処置具用案内管を有するものであることを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
10.処置具ユニットが少なくとも2本以上のものからなることを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
11.処置具用案内管の少なくとも一部に湾曲機能を設けたことを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
【0129】
12.少なくとも処置具ユニットの一本が処置具であり、もう一本が処置具挿通案内管であることを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
13.内視鏡が処置具挿通管路を具備することを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
14.処置具用案内管は少なくとも一つ以上の処置具挿通管路を有することを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
【0130】
15.器具誘導用案内管は照明手段を有することを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
16.器具誘導用案内管の内面、その器具誘導用案内管に挿入する部分の処置具ユニットの外面、器具誘導用案内管に挿通する第2の内視鏡の外面に潤滑処理を施したことを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
17.器具誘導用案内管の先端と、器具誘導用案内管に挿通される内視鏡の先端が斜めに切断された形状に形成されていることを特徴とする第1項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
【0131】
18.器具誘導用案内管に挿通される内視鏡の観察方向が側視であることを特徴とする第1,2項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
19.器具誘導用案内管に挿通される内視鏡の観察方向は後方斜視であることを特徴とする第2項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
20.器具誘導用案内管に挿通される内視鏡の観察方向は前方斜視であることを特徴とする第2項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
21.器具誘導用案内管に挿通される内視鏡は処置具挿通用チャンネルを具備し、その内視鏡の先端部の処置具挿通用チャンネルの先端開口部に処置具の起上手段を有することを特徴とする第2項に記載の内視鏡治療装置。
【0132】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、体腔内の病変部近くまで導き入れた器具誘導用案内管内に少なくとも一つの内視鏡と少なくとも一つの処置具ユニットを抱き合わせて後入れして用いることができるので、従来の場合よりも処置がし易くなる。すなわち、処置用内視鏡と処置具ユニットを独立させて、別個に操作可能とすることで、広範な病変部を遠目から観察しつつ、必要ならば大型の処置具でもって処置することが可能である。大型の処置具を用いることにより大きな病変を一括して切除できるし、広域な病変部や深く浸潤した病変部の切除を少ない回数で短時間で実施できるなどの利点がある。部分切除でないと、切断面が少ない標本が得られ、切除標本の病理検査がやり易い。その上に、出血が少なく、ガンなどの腫瘍の場合、拡散転移を防ぐことができる。
【0133】
また、器具誘導用案内管とこれに挿通する処置用内視鏡と各種の処置具ユニットを様々な形態で組み合わせて構成することにより、体腔内で、従来よりも、広範な病変部の処置状況の全体を観察しながら適切な手術を容易かつ迅速に行うことができるようになる。
【0134】
さらに、本発明では少なくともどちらかの器具の横断面形状を円形以外のものにして複数の器具を組み合わせるので、双方の器具を極力細くしないように構成することができる。
【0135】
また、器具誘導用案内管の端部を病変部近くに保持するようにすれば、これまで、直視の内視鏡では側方からのアプローチしか出来なかった部位についても、例えば、後入れの内視鏡の観察方向を側視にするなどにより、病変部の上からのアプローチができるようになり処置がし易くなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】第1実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図2】第2実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図3】第3実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図4】第4実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図5】第5実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図6】第6実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図7】第7実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図8】第8実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図9】第9実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図10】第10実施形態に係る内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図11】従来の内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【図12】従来の内視鏡治療装置の使用状態を示す斜視図。
【符号の説明】
21…器具誘導用案内管、23…処置用内視鏡、24…処置具用案内管、
39…病変部、32…把持鉗子、36…高周波スネア切開具、
35…処置具ユニット、37…処置具ユニット、38…胃、39…病変部。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an endoscopic treatment apparatus that treats a lesioned part in a body cavity endoscopically.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the case of treating a lesion occurring on the inner wall of a body cavity of a digestive system organ such as the stomach or the large intestine, a method of treating it endoscopically can be considered. In this method, an endoscope is inserted into a body cavity, and a surgical instrument is inserted into the body cavity through a treatment instrument insertion channel of the endoscope, and surgery is performed from within the body cavity.
[0003]
However, when performing this endoscopic surgical operation, it is often uncontrollable if the lesion is large or the lesion is deeply infiltrated into the wall. In such a case, it shifts to the surgical operation which treats from the outside of a body cavity, and performs a laparoscopic operation and a laparotomy.
[0004]
By the way, the insertion part 1 of the endoscope used in the conventional endoscopic surgical operation has a configuration in which the distal end portion 4 is connected to the distal end of theflexible tube portion 2 via the bending tube 3 as shown in FIG. In this insertion portion 1, a treatmentinstrument insertion channel 5 is formed over the entire length. The distal end surface of the distal end portion 4 has an opening at the distal end of the treatmentinstrument insertion channel 5, and an observation window 6 and an illumination window 7 are arranged along the opening.
[0005]
When the lesioned part 9 generated on the inner wall of thestomach 8 is treated, first, the grasping forceps 11 and the high-frequencysnare incising tool 12 are introduced through the treatmentinstrument insertion channel 5 of the insertion section 1 inserted into thestomach 8. The lesioned part 9 is surgically treated under the endoscope from the inside.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the insertion portion 1 of the endoscope is soft, even if the insertion portion 1 is held in the inflatedstomach 8 while floating in the air, the distal end portion 4 fluctuates and becomes unstable. turn into. Accordingly, a method is adopted in which the insertion portion 1 is pushed along the inner wall surface of the stomach, the distal end portion 4 is brought close to the lesioned portion 9 while the insertion portion 1 is positioned and held by the stomach wall, and a treatment operation is performed.
For this reason, since the part of the lesioned part 9 is viewed from the side along the wall of the stomach, and as a result, it is difficult to grasp the whole image of the lesioned part 9, the treatment of the lesioned part 9 is difficult. Was. Moreover, since the observation system and the treatment system are close to each other, if the distal end portion 4 of the endoscope is moved away from the lesioned portion 9 in an attempt to observe the entire lesioned portion 9, the distal end of the treatment tool becomes far and the distal end of the treatment tool is This causes inconveniences such as the fact that the lesioned part 9 cannot be grasped. Conversely, when the distal end of the insertion portion 1 is brought close to the lesioned portion 9 so as to prevent the treatment tool from wobbling, only a part of the lesioned portion 9 can be seen because the angle of view becomes narrow.
[0007]
In addition, since the treatment instrument used here is used only by being inserted into the treatmentinstrument insertion channel 5 provided in the endoscope, the entire treatment instrument needs to be thin. Ingredients lose their waist. For this reason, the ability to treat a large range of tumors or large polyps is insufficient.
[0008]
Therefore, it is considered that the observation endoscope and the treatment tool may be inserted into the body cavity separately. However, if this is done, the treatment tool will be out of the field of view of the endoscope, and the treatment operation as expected cannot be performed. Cause inconvenience.
[0009]
In addition, if a guide tube such as an overtube or a sliding tube is used so that the treatment tool and the endoscope are not separated from each other, two objects are inserted into one guide tube. Thus, a so-called swine nose state is required, and a thick guide tube having an inner diameter equal to or larger than a circumscribed circle of the outer diameter of the endoscope and the outer diameter of the treatment instrument is required.
In reality, however, the body cavity naturally has a limited inner diameter, so the outer diameter of the guide tube cannot be increased, and only endoscopes and treatment instruments with a smaller outer diameter can be used. The inconvenience that the ability and the treatment ability fall. In particular, it becomes difficult to treat a large lesion 9 that requires a large operation or a deeply infiltrated lesion 9.
[0010]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12 to be described later, when two treatment tools, for example, the grasping forceps 11 and the high-frequencysnare incision tool 12 are introduced through one treatmenttool insertion channel 18 and protruded into the body cavity, The interval between the two treatment tools protruding from the distal end portion 4 of the endoscope becomes narrow, and it becomes very difficult to treat the lesioned portion 9 located in front of the distal end portion 4 of the endoscope.
[0011]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, even when the endoscope is provided with two treatmentinstrument insertion channels 5 and the two treatment instruments are individually inserted through theseparate channels 5, Since the interval between the twochannels 5 provided at the tip 4 of the mirror is originally narrow, there is essentially no change in the interval between the protruding treatment tools. It is difficult to treat the infiltrated lesion 9.
[0012]
Furthermore, if a treatment tool is inserted into the endoscope treatmenttool insertion channels 5 and 18 to treat the lesioned part 9, the treatment tool is inevitably disposed in a narrow region between the lesioned part 9 and the distal end part 4. As a result, the treatment tool obstructs the visual field of the lesioned part 9 to be observed. Moreover, the illumination light emitted from the two illumination windows 7 strikes the surface of the treatment instrument, making it difficult to see the lesioned part 9. On the other hand, if one illumination light is emitted from one illumination window 7, a shadow of the treatment tool is produced, and it becomes difficult to see the image on the shadow side.
[0013]
FIG. 12 shows an example of treating a lesioned part 9 generated on the inner wall of theintestinal tract 15, and the endoscope used in this case has a direct viewing direction, and the insertion part 1 has a diameter. One large treatmentinstrument insertion channel 18 is provided. Even in this case, it is difficult to view the lesioned part 9 from the front, and it is difficult to perform the treatment. Further, in order to insert a plurality of treatment tools through one treatmenttool insertion channel 18, it is necessary to make the distal end portion of each treatment tool small, and the sheath portion at the rear part thereof is also thin. For this reason, generally, a waist becomes weak and it becomes difficult to treat the large lesion part 9 which requires especially large-scale surgery, and the lesion part 9 which infiltrated deeply.
[0014]
In Japanese Patent Application No. 53-43875, a treatment instrument insertion channel is provided in the insertion guide main tube of the endoscope, and means for biasing the distal end portion of the flexible optical tube toward the outer side of the axis of the insertion guide main tube. It is provided and the treatment performance is improved.
[0015]
However, Japanese Patent Application No. 53-43875 cannot pass a large treatment instrument close to the outer diameter of the insertion portion of the endoscope. In addition, the handle portion of the treatment instrument that passes through the forceps insertion channel of the endoscope is thin or soft, so that a large force for treatment cannot be transmitted to the tip, and this is inconvenient for improving treatment performance. It was enough.
[0016]
In Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-149985, a guide path is attached to the outer wall of the endoscope, and an outer tube is inserted into the body through the guide path, and a suture device is inserted into the outer tube. Things have been proposed.
However, in this Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-149985, the endoscope and the outer tube are connected by a guide path, so that the outer shape is thick and complicated, and the insertion of the endoscope is difficult. The property was inferior.
[0017]
The present invention has been made paying attention to each of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to enlarge the target that can be treated from the inside of the organ by an endoscope, and to outside the organ by laparoscopic surgery or open surgery. As a result, it is possible to easily treat a lesion in a large area or a deeply infiltrated lesion on the inner wall of the body cavity, which has been particularly difficult in the past. To reduce the burden and risk of hospitalization period and cost, pain, scars, and spread of cancer cells.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is an instrument guiding guide tube inserted into a body cavity and inserted into an inner hole of the instrument guiding guide tube.And a channel for inserting the treatment tool Inserted into at least one first treatment endoscope and an inner hole of the instrument guide tubeAnd a channel for inserting the treatment tool At least oneSecond treatment endoscope And comprisingUsing the treatment tool inserted into the body cavity through the insertion channel of the first treatment endoscope and the treatment tool inserted into the body cavity through the insertion channel of the second treatment endoscope An endoscopic treatment apparatus for treating an affected area of The first treatment endoscope is:A first unit having an observation unit, an illumination unit, and an outlet of the treatment instrument insertion channel; Tip and aboveFirst Has a bending function to change the position of the tipFirst And can be inserted into the guide tube.First With an insertion part,And the aboveFirst Tip and aboveFirst The bending portion can protrude from the tip of the guide tube, andFirst The insertion portion has an arc portion whose outer cross-sectional shape is smaller in diameter than the diameter of the inner hole of the guide tube.First Tip and aboveFirst Leave the curved part aboveFirst Above the back end of the bendFirst Forming a cut-out storage space on the peripheral surface of the insertion portion,the above Second treatment endoscopeHas a second distal end portion having an observation means and a treatment instrument insertion channel outlet, and a second curved portion having a bending function for changing the position of the second distal end portion, Can be stored in storage spaceA second insertion portion, and the second tip portion and the second bending portion can protrude from the storage space; In the storage spaceSecond insertion part A combination of the first treatment endoscope and the second treatment endoscopeThe first treatment endoscope and the second treatment endoscope Of the second treatment endoscope in the inner hole of the instrument guide tube.Second An endoscope treatment apparatus, characterized in that the distal end portion can be inserted so as to freely advance and retract to a position protruding from the distal end of the guide tube.
[0019]
Therefore, when using the endoscope treatment apparatus of the present invention, for example, the instrument guide tube is fitted on the outer periphery of an endoscope insertion portion that has been previously inserted into a body cavity, and then the endoscope is inserted into the body cavity. The mirror insertion portion is inserted, and then the instrument guiding guide tube is inserted into the body cavity along the endoscope insertion portion. Next, the endoscope is once pulled out, and a surgery is performed by inserting the following treatment endoscope and treatment tool unit.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[First Embodiment]
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0021]
(Constitution)
In FIG. 1, 21 is a guide tube for guiding an instrument formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and theguide tube 21 for guiding the instrument is fitted on the outer periphery of an insertion portion of an endoscope (not shown) to insert the endoscope. It is guided into the body cavity using the part as a guide. The instrument guidingguide tube 21 is formed of a long flexible tubular member. A rigid reinforcingtube 22 is attached to the tip of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. Further, theguide pipe 21 for guiding the instrument is formed so that the inner and outer diameters including the reinforcingpipe 22 are the same over the entire length.
[0022]
One treatment-dedicated endoscope 23 (hereinafter referred to as a treatment endoscope) specially made for the purpose of observing a treatment operation and two treatments are provided in the inner hole of theinstrument guide tube 21. Thetool guide tubes 24 are inserted independently. These three instruments are inserted and arranged in theinstrument guide tube 21 together or individually so as to be movable forward and backward. Also, the outer shape (also referred to as the cross-sectional shape) of the cross-section of the three instruments is such that the total cross-sectional shape is substantially circular, and the straight portions of these instruments are close (including the case of contact). It is configured to be combined in a packed relationship that is closely packed. And the outer shape of the cross section of at least one of the three instruments has an arc portion whose diameter is slightly smaller than the dimension of the inner hole of the instrument guidingguide tube 21, and the three instruments are combined to When theinstrument guide tube 21 is inserted, the longest dimension of the combined cross section is configured to have a shape slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner hole of theinstrument guide guide 21.
[0023]
Theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 includes adistal end portion 26, a bendingportion 27, and aflexible tube portion 28. The cross-sectional shape of theinsertion portion 25 is also formed in a semicircular shape over substantially the entire length thereof. . The radius of the circular arc portion in the cross-sectional shape of theinsertion portion 25 is formed slightly smaller than the radius of the inner hole of the instrument guidingguide tube 21, and theinsertion portion 25 is a semicircle of the inner hole of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. It is arranged almost densely in this area, and is inserted so as to be able to move forward and backward.
[0024]
Thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 incorporates observation means and illumination means (both not shown) as in a general endoscope, and the distal end surface of thedistal end portion 26 has an observation lens of the observation means. 29 and anillumination lens 30 of the illumination means are provided.
[0025]
Each of the treatmentinstrument guide tubes 24 is formed of a flexible long tubular member having a cross-sectional shape that is a quarter of a circle over the entire length, and the distal ends of these treatmentinstrument guide tubes 24. A hard reinforcing tube 24a is attached to the housing. The treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is formed to have the same inner and outer diameters over substantially the entire length including the reinforcing tube 24a. The radius of the arc portion in the cross-sectional shape of each treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is slightly smaller than the radius of the inner hole of theinstrument guide tube 21. Then, by combining the two treatmentinstrument guide tubes 24, the combined cross-sectional shape becomes a substantially semicircular shape, and is arranged substantially densely in the semicircular region of the inner hole of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. And, it is inserted into the instrument guidingguide tube 21 so as to be able to move forward and backward as a whole and individually.
[0026]
As described above, onetreatment endoscope 23 and two treatmentinstrument guide tubes 24 arranged in the inner hole of the instrument guidingguide tube 21 have a total cross-sectional shape of the three. Are substantially circular, and the inner straight portions to be joined are closely and relatively closely combined to be arranged in the instrument guidingguide tube 21 so as to be able to advance and retract individually as a whole. .
[0027]
Each of the treatmentinstrument guide tubes 24 includes a bendingportion 31 having a bending function of bending in two directions in the left-right direction or four directions in the up-down, left-right directions, and the bendingportion 31 is forced by an operation on the hand side. Thus, the distal end portion of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 can be moved up and down, left and right, or the direction of the distal end of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 can be changed.
[0028]
Further, the bendingportion 31 of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 may be configured by combining a plurality of bending portions in order to obtain various deviations or directions. For example, it is convenient to treat thelesioned part 39 as shown in FIG. 1 if the proximal side part is curved in a direction that spreads left and right and the distal side part is curved inward.
[0029]
Each treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is individually inserted with a treatment instrument necessary for treatment such as the graspingforceps 32 and the high-frequencysnare incision instrument 36. In the present embodiment, the graspingforceps 32 is inserted into the left treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 to constitute one treatment instrument unit (treatment device) 35, and the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36 is disposed in the right treatmentinstrument guide tube 24. Another treatment tool unit (treatment device) 37 is configured by being inserted.
[0030]
In addition, each said treatment tool unit shall include the case where treatment tools, such as the graspingforceps 32 and the high frequencysnare cutting tool 36, are independent.
[0031]
(Action / Effect)
A case will be described in which an endoscopic surgical operation is performed in which thelesioned part 39 generated on the inner wall of thestomach 38 is excised using the endoscopic treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment. First, for example, a soft endoscope (not shown) having a relatively large diameter is inserted into thestomach 38, and theguide tube 21 for guiding an instrument previously sheathed at the insertion portion of the endoscope is used as the soft endoscope. While sliding along the insertion part, the guide part is guided until the tip part is close to thelesioned part 39. Thereafter, only the endoscope is extracted while maintaining the posture after theinstrument guide tube 21 is inserted.
[0032]
Next, onetreatment endoscope 23 and two treatmentinstrument guide tubes 24 are bundled in a columnar shape so that the plane portions are aligned with each other, and these are bundled together in the inner hole of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. insert. Then, the distal end portions of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 are projected from the distal end opening of theinstrument guide tube 21. Thereafter, the graspingforceps 32 is inserted into the right treatmentinstrument guide tube 24, and the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36 is inserted into the left treatmentinstrument guide tube 24.
[0033]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the graspingforceps 32 and the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36 inserted into the right treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 and the left treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 are advanced and retracted, and each treatment instrument guide is operated. By using the bending function of thetube 24 and appropriately bending the bendingportion 31 of theguide tube 24, the grippingforceps 32 and the tip of the high-frequencysnare incising tool 36 are positioned.
[0034]
By performing such an operation, the loop portion of the snare wire 36a of the high-frequencysnare incising tool 36 is hung on thelesioned portion 39 and the snare wire 36a of the high-frequencysnare cutting tool 36 is gripped and raised by the graspingforceps 32. The root portion of thelesioned part 39 is narrowed down, and a high frequency is applied to the snare wire 36a to excise thelesioned part 39.
[0035]
At this time, since thetreatment endoscope 23 independent of the treatment tool units 35 and 37 can be operated while observing the state of thelesioned part 39 and the positions and movements of the graspingforceps 32 and the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36, Treatment work is easy and treatment can be performed quickly.
[0036]
As described above, since the observation function and the bending function by thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatment function and the bending function by the treatment instrument units 35 and 37 are independent, thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 is provided. Thelesioned part 39 can be positioned obliquely above. In addition, it is possible to reliably grasp the entire image of the treatment operation by observing the movement and position of thelesioned part 39 and the treatment tool units 35 and 37. In addition, since the position of each instrument is stably held by the instrument guidingguide tube 21, the treatment of thelesioned part 39 can be performed reliably and quickly.
[0037]
Of course, the positions of the treatment instrument units 35 and 37 can be freely selected and are not unnecessarily close to each other, so that the observation visual field of thetreatment endoscope 23 is not hindered. Further, since it is possible to avoid the view field to be observed from entering the shadow of the treatment instrument units 35 and 37 as much as possible, a clear image can be observed.
[0038]
Further, since theguide tube 24 of the treatment instrument units 35 and 37 also has a bending function, the two treatment instruments can be used with a sufficient distance. Therefore, the operability is good, and even alarge lesion 39 or a deeply infiltratedlesion 39 that is a particularly large-scale operation can be easily dealt with.
[0039]
Furthermore, since the treatment tool can be moved in the lateral direction, it can be applied to various treatments such as extending the body wall in the lateral direction and incising the extended portion with an electric knife.
[0040]
[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0041]
(Constitution)
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 inserted into the instrument guidingguide tube 21 is circular, while thecurved portion 27 and theflexible tube portion 28 of theinsertion portion 25 are used. The cross-sectional shape of this is a semicircular shape only on the upper side. The bendingportion 27 and theflexible tube portion 28 of theinsertion portion 25 have a shape in which the lower half is cut off, and the space portion after the cutting cuts into a single treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 to be described later. Aspace 41 is formed.
[0042]
In addition to theobservation lens 29 of the observation means and theillumination lens 30 of the illumination means, the distal end of the insertion channel (treatment instrument insertion conduit) 42 opens at the distal end surface of thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23. Yes. Theinsertion channel 42 is formed over the entire length of theinsertion portion 25. Here, theobservation lens 29 is disposed at a relatively lower part of the distal end surface of thedistal end portion 26, and theillumination lens 30 is disposed at the left and right in the vicinity thereof. Further, the distal end opening of theinsertion channel 42 is disposed at a portion located relatively on the upper side. That is, the distal end opening of theinsertion channel 42 is located above theobservation lens 29 and thestorage space 41.
[0043]
The treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is formed by a flexible long tubular member having a semicircular fan-like cross-sectional shape over its entire length, and a storage space for thetreatment endoscope 23. It is comprised in the shape fitted in 41 and fits. That is, when the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is fitted and stored in thestorage space 41, the total cross-sectional shape is substantially circular, and the two instruments are arranged densely in contact with each other. Therefore, the two instruments are combined so that they can be inserted together in theinstrument guide tube 21.
[0044]
Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is semicircular, and this semicircular shape and the semicircular shape of the cross-sectional shape of thecurved portion 27 and theflexible tube portion 28 of thetreatment endoscope 23 Each instrument is configured with a cross-sectional shape combining a circular arc and a straight line so that the total cross-sectional shape becomes a substantially circular shape, and the outer diameter of the total circular shape is smaller than the inner diameter of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. Has been.
[0045]
Further, the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 has a bendingportion 31 having a bending function as in the first embodiment, and the bendingportion 31 is forcibly bent by an operation on the hand side. It has become.
[0046]
(Function)
In the present embodiment, the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is combined into astorage space 41 of onetreatment endoscope 23, and the two instruments are combined in the instrument guidingguide tube 21. Is to be inserted.
[0047]
Therefore, theinstrument guide tube 21 is introduced into the body cavity in the same manner as described in the first embodiment, and the distal end portions of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 are inserted from the distal end of the instrumentguide guide tube 21. Further, the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is bent downward and separated from thestorage space 41 to advance forward.
[0048]
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the graspingforceps 32 is inserted through theinsertion channel 42 of thetreatment endoscope 23, and the scissors forceps 44 is inserted into the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 to excise thelesioned part 39. Perform the procedure.
[0049]
Further, the graspingforceps 32 is inserted through theinsertion channel 42 of thetreatment endoscope 23, and as described in the first embodiment, the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36 is inserted into the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24, thereby causing alesion 39. High-frequency ablation can also be performed.
[0050]
(effect)
In this embodiment, when thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 are inserted later into the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24, the distal ends thereof are not separated, so that a plurality of instruments are inserted. The plurality of instruments are unlikely to fall apart, and there is little catching or insertion resistance, so that the plurality of instruments can be easily inserted into the instrument guidingguide tube 21.
[0051]
Since only one treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is used, the occupied space can be increased, and the internal space of theguide tube 24 can be made larger than that of the first embodiment. Therefore, a large treatment instrument can be inserted and used.
[0052]
Further, in the case of the first embodiment, the treatment operation is mainly performed from the lateral direction. However, in this embodiment, the treatment operation can be performed from the vertical direction, so that the tumor-formed mucous membrane is pulled up by the graspingforceps 32 to be greatly raised. Then, a procedure such as peeling with the scissors forceps 44 is easy.
[0053]
Furthermore, since thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 can be enlarged, a large observation optical system and illumination optical system can be incorporated, and it is easy to enhance their capabilities.
[0054]
[Third Embodiment]
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0055]
(Constitution)
In the present embodiment, theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 inserted into the instrument guidingguide tube 21 has a semicircular shape in which the cross-sectional shape including thedistal end portion 26 is only on the upper side. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 with a bending function is a semicircular shape only on the lower side as in the second embodiment described above, and the straight portion of theinsertion portion 25 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is The cross-sectional shape of the sum when they are joined to each other is substantially circular, and is configured to be able to be inserted into the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 in a combined state in which the planar portions of both instruments are joined.
[0056]
Anobservation lens 29 of the observation means and anillumination lens 30 of the illumination means are provided on the lower side surface portion of theinsertion portion 25 of the treatment endoscope 23 (the portion facing the boundary surface with the treatment instrument guide tube 24). Are arranged side by side, and thetreatment endoscope 23 is of a side-view type that performs side-view observation and side-view illumination.
[0057]
An imaging means such as a solid-state imaging device (not shown) is provided inside theobservation lens 29, and a light guide fiber tip (not shown) is arranged inside theillumination lens 30. The light guide fiber receives light from a light source device (not shown) from the distal end on the proximal side, and transmits the light to theillumination lens 30 facing sideways to illuminate the body cavity.
[0058]
Further, an outlet 42a of theinsertion channel 42 is formed on the lower surface portion of thedistal end portion 26 of theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23, and a treatmentinstrument raising base 43 for bending the treatment instrument is provided at the outlet 42a. Yes. The treatmentinstrument raising base 43 is pivotally attached to thedistal end portion 26 within a predetermined angle range. Usually, the treatmentinstrument raising base 43 is in a posture of being laid down and housed in the outlet 42a, but when a raising operation lever provided in an operation portion (not shown) of thetreatment endoscope 23 is rotated, It is designed to be raised by pulling a linked raising wire (not shown).
About another structure, it is the same structure as the thing of 1st Embodiment or 2nd Embodiment mentioned above.
[0059]
(Function)
As in the previous examples, theinstrument guide tube 21 is inserted into the body cavity and placed in advance so that the distal end comes near thelesioned part 39 using an endoscope (not shown). Theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 are entangled, and the distal end of thetreatment endoscope 23 is positioned behind theobservation lens 29 of thetreatment endoscope 23. 21 is shifted. In this state, while observing the inner wall of the instrument guidingguide tube 21 with thetreatment endoscope 23, both theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 are guided together. Insert into thetube 21.
[0060]
Thedistal end portion 26 of theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 protrudes from the distal end of the instrument guidingguide tube 21, and the body cavity wall can be seen by thetreatment endoscope 23, and thedistal end portion 26 of the instrument guidingguide tube 21 can be seen. If it confirms that it protruded from the front-end | tip, it will rotate theinsertion part 25 suitably, curving the bendingpart 27 of theendoscope 23 for treatment, and will observe thelesioned part 39 from right above. At this time, the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is also rotated together with theinsertion portion 25.
[0061]
Next, the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36 is inserted into the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24, the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 is bent or advanced, and further, the high-frequencysnare incision instrument 36 is advanced or retracted as appropriate, thereby causing alesion 39 The loop wire 36a of the high-frequencysnare incising tool 36 is hung on. Subsequently, a treatment tool, for example, graspingforceps 32 is inserted into theinsertion channel 42 of thetreatment endoscope 23, and a distal end portion is projected into the body cavity from the outlet 42a. Furthermore, thelesioned part 39 is grasped by the graspingforceps 32 while the raisingbase 43 is appropriately raised and the sheath distal end portion of the graspingforceps 32 is pushed to be bent sideways, and thelesioned part 39 is pulled up. Thereafter, the loop wire 36a of the high-frequencysnare incising tool 36 is tightened and energized, and thelesioned part 39 is excised.
[0062]
(effect)
Since thetreatment endoscope 23 used here is a side-viewing type that observes the side, thelesioned part 39 can be observed from directly above, and the loop wire 36a of the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36 can be observed. Can easily be seen around thelesion 39. In addition, the operation of grasping thelesioned part 39, the operation of pulling up thelesioned part 39, and the operation of tightening the loop wire 36a can be reliably performed while observing, and the reliability of the treatment can be improved. Furthermore, since two treatment tools can be operated independently, there is little redo due to failure.
[0063]
In this embodiment, the observation direction of thetreatment endoscope 23 is set at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal axis of theendoscope 23. It may be perspective. Various types of treatment tools can be used in combination, such as a clip, an electric knife, and a T-shaped tag, and a laser-probe cut. Further, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, two treatmentinstrument guide tubes 24 may be used.
[0064]
[Fourth Embodiment]
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
(Constitution)
In the present embodiment, instead of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24, a treatment instrument unit is used in which asuction tube 51 with a bending function is used, which is provided with acap 50 made of a transparent and flexible urethane resin having a distal end cut obliquely. It is an example. Thetreatment endoscope 23 has a substantially circular outer shape in the cross section at thedistal end portion 26, and the outer shape in the cross section is in a crescent shape at thecurved portion 27 and the flexible tube portion. Astorage groove 52 was formed. Thesuction tube 51 is inserted into the storageconcave groove 52 and stored.
[0065]
Anobservation lens 29 of the observation means and anillumination lens 30 of the illumination means are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction on the lower surface portion of thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 located on the side where the above-describedstorage groove portion 52 is disposed. Thus, as in the case of the third embodiment described above, a side-view type endoscope that performs side-view observation and side-view illumination is configured.
[0066]
An outlet 42a of theinsertion channel 42 is formed on the lower surface portion of thedistal end portion 26. The outlet 42a has a treatment instrument raising base for adjusting the protruding direction of the treatment instrument, as in the third embodiment described above. 43 is provided. Further, a cleaningnozzle 53 for cleaning the outer surface of theobservation lens 29 by spraying cleaning water or air is disposed on thetip portion 26. Moreover, the light source of the illumination means in this embodiment is a white LED built in thefront end portion 26.
[0067]
(Function)
First, as described above, using an endoscope insertion portion (not shown), the instrument guidingguide tube 21 is inserted into the body cavity so that the distal end comes close to thelesioned portion 39 and is placed. Next, thesuction tube 51 is fitted into the storage recessedgroove portion 52 of thetreatment endoscope 23 to tie them together so that both instruments are combined together, and thetreatment endoscope 23 combined in this way Both of thesuction tubes 51 are inserted into theinstrument guide tube 21 and guided to a position where the tip portion is located near thelesioned part 39 in the body cavity.
[0068]
Then, when led to the vicinity of thelesioned part 39, the bendingpart 27 of thetreatment endoscope 23 is bent away from thesuction tube 51, and thesuction tube 51 is separated from thetreatment endoscope 23. For example, in the case of alesion 39 such as a varicose vein, when thelesion 39 is caught in the field of view, theloop wire 55 of theloop indwelling device 54 inserted through theinsertion channel 42 is pressed around thelesion 39 and positioned. Thereafter, the distal end portion of thesuction cap 50 is put on thelesioned portion 39.
[0069]
Then, the suction pump is turned on, and thelesioned part 39 is sucked into thesuction cap 50. When thelesioned part 39 is sufficiently sucked into thesuction cap 50, theloop wire 55 arranged around thelesioned part 39 is narrowed down, and then the part of theloop wire 55 is separated and thelesioned part 39 is bundled Then, theloop wire 55 is discharged and left as it is.
[0070]
(effect)
According to this embodiment, the largelesioned part 39 can be sufficiently pulled up compared to the case where thelesioned part 39 is pulled up with grasping forceps or a clip. Further, since the force for sucking thelesioned part 39 into thesuction cap 50 can be sufficiently increased, the treatment instrument is pulled toward thelesioned part 39 when thelesioned part 39 is tightened or when thelesioned part 39 is pulled up. There is no problem that will be lost. In addition, by controlling the suction force, an accurate treatment can be performed even for awide lesion 39 or adeep lesion 39.
[0071]
In the present embodiment, a storageconcave groove 52 having a crescent cross-sectional shape is formed from thecurved portion 27 of thetreatment endoscope 23 to the proximal side, but thecurved portion 27 is also similar to thedistal end portion 26. The storinggroove portion 52 may be formed from the portion of theflexible tube portion 28 that follows the rear end of thecurved portion 27, assuming that the cross-sectional shape is circular.
[0072]
Further, the cross-sectional shape of thesuction tube 51 is not limited to a circular shape, but is substantially semicircular, fan-shaped, crescent-shaped, etc. when combined with the cross-sectional shape of thecounterpart treatment endoscope 23. You may make it circular.
[0073]
Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 is not limited to a circular shape, but may be a semicircular shape as in the third embodiment shown in FIG.
[0074]
Further, thelesioned part 39 may be cauterized and excised using the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36 as described above instead of theloop indwelling instrument 54.
When treating a submucosal tumor or a depressed lesion, a syringe is inserted in advance using thetreatment endoscope 23, physiological saline is injected under thelesion 39, and the lesion is introduced from the muscle layer. Thepart 39 may be peeled off and thelesioned part 39 may be raised. In addition, if thelesioned part 39 is difficult to distinguish, thelesioned part 39 may be treated with a mark.
[0075]
[Fifth Embodiment]
A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0076]
(Constitution)
In the present embodiment, as a means for pulling up thelesioned part 39 in the body cavity, thesecond treatment endoscope 60 is used instead of thesuction tube 51 of the fourth embodiment described above, and this is used as one treatment tool unit. This is combined with thetreatment endoscope 23 of the fourth embodiment.
[0077]
Thesecond treatment endoscope 60 includes aninsertion portion 63 having adistal end portion 61 and a bendingportion 62, and anobservation lens 64 of observation means and anillumination lens 65 of illumination means are provided on the distal end surface of thedistal end portion 61. The image guide fiber is provided as the observation means at the rear part of theobservation lens 64, and the light guide fiber is provided as the illumination means at the rear part of theillumination lens 65. The distal end surface of thedistal end portion 61 is opened at the distal end of theinsertion channel 66, thereby projecting the treatment instrument. That is, thesecond treatment endoscope 60 also constitutes a direct-view endoscope similar to thetreatment endoscope 23 in the second embodiment.
[0078]
(Function)
While observing thelesioned part 39 in the body cavity from directly above with thetreatment endoscope 23 and observing thelesioned part 39 from the lateral direction with thesecond treatment endoscope 60, both treatment endoscopes are used. 23, 60 can be used to perform various treatments.
[0079]
For example, theloop wire 55 of theloop placement device 54 introduced through theinsertion channel 42 of thetreatment endoscope 23 is placed around thelesioned part 39 and inserted through theinsertion channel 66 of thesecond treatment endoscope 60. A T-shapedtag 67 is passed through the wall of thelesion 39 to raise thelesion 39, thelesion 39 is ligated by theloop wire 55 of theloop detainer 54, and then theloop wire 55 is released. Theloop detainer 54 is detained.
[0080]
(effect)
As described above, since thesecond treatment endoscope 60 as the lifting tool is used while observing thelesioned part 39 with the twotreatment endoscopes 23 and 60, the treatment is easy.
[0081]
Of course, the treatment methods may be in the opposite combination, that is, pulled up on thetreatment endoscope 23 side and ligated on thesecond treatment endoscope 60 side and placed. In addition, depending on the treatment site, the observation direction of thetreatment endoscope 23 may not be lateral, but may be direct view, and thesecond treatment endoscope 60 may be provided with no illumination means. There are cases that can be covered by the lighting means. Thesecond treatment endoscope 60 may be an electronic endoscope using a solid-state imaging device as an observation means. These cross-sectional shapes are not limited to the above shapes.
[0082]
[Sixth Embodiment]
A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0083]
(Constitution)
In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 is substantially semicircular, and the distal end surface of thedistal end portion 26 is cut obliquely by 45 degrees. Is a perspective type whose viewing direction is inclined 45 degrees forward. The oblique distal end surface of thedistal end portion 26 is provided with twoillumination lenses 30, oneobservation lens 29, and one treatment instrument insertion channel (treatment instrument insertion conduit) 42 outlet. Theillumination lens 30 is connected to illumination light transmission means composed of a bundle of light guide fibers. In addition, a treatmentinstrument raising base 43 is disposed inside the outlet at the tip of theinsertion channel 42.
[0084]
In the present embodiment, anautomatic suturing device 70 having a bending function that is paired with thetreatment endoscope 23 is provided, and an insertion portion 71 of theautomatic suturing device 70 is aninsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23. The substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape that forms a pair with the substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape is inserted into the instrument guidingguide tube 21 together. That is, when theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the insertion portion 71 of theautomatic suturing device 70 are combined, the total cross-sectional shape is substantially circular, and the inner straight portions to be joined are close to each other for comparison. It can be placed in theinstrument guide tube 21 so that it can be moved forward and backward. Thus, when theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the insertion portion 71 of theautomatic suturing device 70 are combined, the outer diameter of the total circular cross-sectional shape is the inner diameter of the inner hole of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. It is formed slightly smaller than.
[0085]
A suturingportion 73 having a pair of openable andclosable jaws 72 is provided at the distal end portion of the insertion portion 71 of theautomatic suturing device 70. A pair ofjaws 72 are fitted withsuture staples 74 inside, and the tissue portions are stitched with thestaples 74 by closing the pair ofjaws 72 and sandwiching the tissue portions. Further, by closing the pair ofjaws 72, thejaw 72 can be inserted and arranged in the instrument guidingguide tube 21 together with theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 so as to freely advance and retract.
[0086]
(Function)
When the inside of the body cavity is observed obliquely from above with thetreatment endoscope 23, when thelesioned part 39 is caught in the visual field, the graspingforceps 32 is inserted through theinsertion channel 42, and thelesioned part 39 is grasped by the graspingforceps 32. At this time, the treatmenttool raising base 43 is raised and lowered as necessary to adjust the gripping position by the grippingforceps 32. When thelesioned part 39 is grasped by the graspingforceps 32, the graspedforceps 32 is pulled to the vicinity of thedistal end part 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23, and thecurved part 27 of thetreatment endoscope 23 is bent in this state, thereby causing thelesioned part 39. Lift up.
[0087]
At this time, the pair ofjaws 72 of the suturingportion 73 of the automatic suturing device 71 are opened, and the root portion of thelesioned portion 39 is positioned between thejaws 72. Thereafter, thelesioned part 39 is sandwiched between the pair ofjaws 72 and sutured by thestaple 74.
[0088]
(effect)
In the present embodiment, since the entire image of thelesioned part 39 can be captured obliquely from above, it is easy to perform a procedure for suturing the root part of thelesioned part 39. Further, since theautomatic suturing device 70 is inserted directly into the instrument guidingguide tube 21 without using the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 as described above, a relatively largeautomatic suturing device 70 should be used. Can do. Further, theautomatic suturing device 70 is usually a treatment tool with a bending function formed in an irregular large cross-sectional shape. However, since theautomatic suturing device 70 is directly inserted into theguide tube 21 for guiding an instrument, it has a margin. Can be used. As a result, the treatment range can be expanded.
[0089]
Although the distal end surface of theinsertion portion 25 of thetreatment endoscope 23 is cut obliquely by 45 degrees, the cut angle is not limited to 45 degrees. If an ultrasonic vibration incision tool, high-frequency incision scissors forceps, the above-described high-frequency wire incision tool, or a high-frequency incision tool as shown in FIG. Easy. Further, the suturing direction of the suturing device is not limited to the above example parallel to the axis, and may be a right angle direction.
[0090]
[Seventh Embodiment]
A seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0091]
(Constitution)
Thetreatment endoscope 23 of the present embodiment has only adistal end portion 26 having a circular cross-sectional shape having a relatively large diameter. Anobservation lens 29 of the observation optical system and anillumination lens 30 of the illumination optical system are provided on a side portion of thedistal end portion 26. Theobservation lens 29 and theillumination lens 30 are cylindrical acrylic resintransparent cover 75. Covered by.
[0092]
Athin tube 76 having a bendingportion 27 and aflexible tube portion 28 is connected to thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23. Thenarrow tube 76 has a diameter smaller than the diameter of thedistal end portion 26, and the distal end thereof deviates from the central axis of thedistal end portion 26, and is located on the upper peripheral surface of thedistal end portion 26 so as to be shifted fully upward. Connected to the rear end.
[0093]
In addition, a treatmentinstrument guide tube 80 having a bending function is arranged in the same manner as described above in a region avoiding thethin tube 76 from the rear end of thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23. A concave groove 81 for fitting and arranging thethin tube 76 is formed in the upper peripheral surface portion of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 80 along the longitudinal direction of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 80, and includes the concave groove 81. The outer shape of the cross-sectional shape of the part is a so-called broad bean shape.
[0094]
When thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 80 are closely combined so that thenarrow tube 76 is disposed in the concave groove portion 81, the total cross-sectional shape becomes a substantially circular shape, both of which are for the treatment. It is arranged in theguide tube 80 so as to freely advance and retract.
The treatmentinstrument guide tube 80 is provided with two treatmentinstrument insertion channels 82 having the same bean-shaped cross-sectional shape.
[0095]
(Function)
The treatmentinstrument guide tube 80 is entangled with the region where thethin tube 76 is avoided from the rear end of thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23, and the two are combined. Then, both are inserted into theinstrument guide tube 21 and guided into the body cavity. When the distal ends of both protrude from the distal end of theinstrument guide tube 21 into the body cavity, thecurved portion 83 of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 80 is bent and separated from thetreatment endoscope 23.
[0096]
Then, as shown in FIG. 7, a pair of treatment tools respectively inserted through the two treatmentinstrument insertion channels 82 of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 80 while observing thelesioned portion 39 from directly above with thetreatment endoscope 23. Thelesioned part 39 is treated. For example, thelesioned part 39 is removed by the high-frequencysnare incision tool 36 while thelesioned part 39 is picked up by the graspingforceps 32 and pulled up.
[0097]
(effect)
Since the cross-sectional shape of thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 is a circular shape having a large diameter, and thethin tube 76 having thecurved portion 27 and theflexible tube portion 28 is a circular shape having a smaller diameter. The main portion of the observation optical system and the illumination optical system is incorporated in thedistal end portion 26, and another member is incorporated in thethin tube 76, so that the structure of thethin tube 76 can be particularly simplified. Further, since the cross-sectional shape of thethin tube 76 is circular, it does not cause turbulent movement such as bias when thethin tube 76 is bent.
[0098]
Although only one treatmentinstrument guide tube 80 is used in the present embodiment, the two treatmentinstrument guide tubes 80 are used behind thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23. It may be arranged. In this case, one treatmentinstrument insertion channel 82 may be formed in each treatmentinstrument guide tube 80. Moreover, the combination of each treatment tool to use is not restricted to this example, For example, the various combinations as mentioned above are considered.
[0099]
[Eighth Embodiment]
The eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0100]
(Constitution)
This embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment described above, but an instrument having a treatment function is inserted into a graspingforceps 85 with a bending function and a treatmentinstrument guide tube 86 with a bending function. A treatment instrument such as a high-frequency treatment instrument 87. The cross-sectional shape of thesheath 88 of the graspingforceps 85 is a fan shape with an acute angle near the center, and the cross-sectional shape of the treatmentinstrument guide tube 86 is a fan shape with an obtuse angle near the center. Yes, when the above two angles are combined, it becomes 180 degrees, and the total cross-sectional shape of the combined two is substantially semicircular.
[0101]
On the other hand, the cross-sectional shape of thetreatment endoscope 23 is a substantially semicircle, and when both the semicircle and the semicircle on the treatment function side are combined, it becomes a substantially circular shape, and the outer diameter of the circle is the treatment function. It is formed so as to be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the instrument guidingguide tube 21 through which the member is inserted. That is, when the graspingforceps 85, the treatmentinstrument guide tube 86, and thetreatment endoscope 23 are joined together and assembled, the assembly can be inserted into the inner hole of theinstrument guide tube 21. It is configured.
[0102]
(Function)
Unlike the first embodiment, the treatment operation is performed by a combination of a treatment tool having a deformed cross-sectional shape of thesheath 88 and a treatment tool inserted through the treatmenttool guide tube 86.
[0103]
(effect)
According to the present embodiment, it is possible to perform treatment using a larger treatment tool as compared with the case where the treatment tool is used using the treatment tool guide tube. Accordingly, it is possible to easily perform a treatment such as a large polyp.
[0104]
Note that the total cross-sectional shape when the members having the treatment function are joined together and the cross-sectional shape of the instrument guidingguide tube 21 inserted therethrough are not a perfect circle but a non-circular shape such as an ellipse. You may form in.
[0105]
[Ninth Embodiment]
A ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0106]
(Constitution)
This embodiment is different from the previous embodiments in that a simple illumination means is incorporated in a part of the wall portion of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. The illumination lens 90 of the illumination means is provided on the distal end surface of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. A battery composed of a light guide fiber of the illumination means, a small halogen lamp, and a battery is built in the wall portion of the instrument guidingguide tube 21. Moreover, the cross-sectional shapes of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 with a bending function are semicircular, respectively.
[0107]
(Action / Effect)
With this configuration, it is possible to illuminate thelesioned part 39 by turning on the illumination means of theinstrument guide tube 21 whose tip is introduced to the vicinity of thelesioned part 39 in the body cavity along the insertion part of the endoscope. it can. Further, thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 having a bending function are joined together and inserted into the instrument guidingguide tube 21 and inserted through theinsertion channel 42 provided in thetreatment endoscope 23. The body cavity wall including thelesioned part 39 is pulled up by the graspingforceps 32 and sutured by theautomatic suturing device 70. Various treatment tools can be inserted through thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmenttool guide tube 24 to perform various treatments.
[0108]
Further, since the illumination means is incorporated in the instrument guidingguide tube 21, the number of light guides of the illumination means of thetreatment endoscope 23 can be reduced, and the outer diameter of thetreatment endoscope 23 is reduced. This makes it possible to thicken the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 itself that is used indirectly and relatively simultaneously, and uses a large treatment instrument, an automatic suturing device, an ultrasonic vibration thermal ablation cutter, or the like. Will be able to.
[0109]
In the present embodiment, the illumination means may be configured by embedding a light guide in the entire wall of the instrument guidingguide tube 21 or incorporating a white LED at the tip. If the illumination light quantity of the illumination means is increased, thetreatment endoscope 23 may be only the observation means, thereby further reducing the diameter of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the treatmentinstrument guide tube 24 and inserting the treatment instrument. The diameter of the channel can be increased.
[0110]
[Tenth embodiment]
A tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0111]
(Constitution)
In this embodiment, the shape of thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 used by being inserted into the instrument guidingguide tube 21 is cut off from the middle of the distal end of a bullet-shaped one at an oblique angle of 45 degrees. Except for this, acylindrical portion 91 having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the shell-shaped shape is formed in the open portion so that the center is brought close to one side. The maximum outer diameter of thedistal end portion 26 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of theguide tube 21 for guiding the instrument, and thecylindrical portion 91 is configured to enter the outer area of the maximum outer diameter. Anobservation lens 29 of the observation means and anillumination lens 30 of the illumination means are disposed obliquely rearward on a crescent-shaped step surface 92 formed at the difference between the two outer diameters.
[0112]
A high-frequencyreject treatment instrument 94 having a bending function and having a sheath 93 having a cross-sectional shape close to the crescent shape of the step is arranged at the position of the recess facing the step. The high-frequencyreject treatment tool 94 is provided with an arc-shaped high-frequency wire 95 at the distal end of a sheath 93 so as to be able to advance and retreat. Thetip 26 is made of an insulating material such as synthetic resin.
[0113]
(Function)
A high-frequencyreject treatment tool 94 is entangled with thetreatment endoscope 23 and these are inserted together into theinstrument guide tube 21 for use. For example, aninstrument guide tube 21 is inserted into theesophagus 96 using an endoscope (not shown), and then thetreatment endoscope 23 and the high-frequencyreject treatment tool 94 are tangled together and these are guided together. It inserts in the pipe |tube 21, protrudes in a body cavity, and thelesioned part 39 is confirmed. When thelesioned part 39 is confirmed, an arc-shaped high-frequency wire is connected to the lesioned part 39 (for example, Barrett epithelium or tumor) generated in thecardia part 98 at the boundary between theesophagus 96 and thestomach 97 while observing the back with thetreatment endoscope 23 The tissue of thelesioned part 39 is scraped off by applying and pulling up the current 95.
[0114]
(effect)
Originally, it was difficult to observe because the portion of thecardia part 98 was narrow, and thelesioned part 39 tended to be overlooked. In addition, diseases of the mucous membrane on the inner surface of thecardia 98, such as reflux esophagitis and Barrett's epithelium, are increasing, but observation / treatment is difficult. Conventionally, the distal end of the endoscope is inserted into thestomach 97, and the observation is performed while looking up from thestomach 97 side of thecardia portion 98 in a state where the curvature is applied to the distal end of the endoscope by 180 degrees or more. Only the side can be seen, and the endoscope insertion part gets in the way for treatment. When the curvature is set to 180 degrees or more, thedistal end portion 26 fluctuates, so that there is a drawback that the treatment tool cannot catch thelesioned portion 39 as intended.
[0115]
In addition, when an observation / treatment is performed with a so-called direct-viewing endoscope whose observation direction is forward from theesophagus 96 side, since thecardia 98 is closed, observation is performed while spreading. Since the inner wall and the tip are in close contact, it is in the reddish state of what is commonly called, and only a narrow range of observation is possible. Even in the vicinity of thecardia 98, the inner wall is observed and treated from the side, so that thelesioned part 39 cannot be reliably captured, and the treatment is difficult. In addition, observation with a perspective or side view endoscope is easy, but the treatment tool is moved in the observation direction by operating a forceps raising base provided at the outlet of the treatment tool insertion channel of the endoscope. As a result, the treatment tool did not move so as to scrape away thelesion 39 along the inner wall. In addition, since the treatment instrument that can be inserted through the treatment instrument insertion channel is thin and has no waist, it is difficult to sufficiently capture the inner wall.
[0116]
However, in the present embodiment, the observation direction is set to an unprecedented rear perspective, and thecardus portion 98 is expanded by using thedistal end portion 26 of thetreatment endoscope 23 and the instrument guidingguide tube 21 so far. Theesophagus 96 side can be observed and treated at a time from thestomach 97 side of thecardia 98, which was difficult to observe and treat. Further, by gradually treating the treatment tool and thetreatment endoscope 23 while pulling them simultaneously, it is possible to reliably perform the treatment while observing thelesioned part 39 nearby.
[0117]
In addition, since the treatment tool and thetreatment endoscope 23 are independent, the distal end of thetreatment endoscope 23 is fixed and the treatment tool is bent to the inner wall of theesophagus 96 while observing thelesioned part 39 at a fixed point. It can be pulled along.
[0118]
In the case of Barrett's epithelium, the entire circumference will be scraped off. However, if the treatment tool is passed through the treatment tool insertion channel of the endoscope, the sheath is thin and the waist is weak and the tip cannot be enlarged. The area was reduced, and it was necessary to repeat the treatment many times to treat the entire circumference, which was troublesome.
However, in this embodiment, since the treatment tool, in particular, the portion of the high-frequency wire 95 can be lengthened, the number of treatments for the entire circumference can be reduced.
[0119]
In addition, observation / treatment of a narrowed pylorus is also possible. A constriction of the duodenum is also conceivable.
[0120]
Note that the angle of the rear perspective may be set to 30 degrees or 60 degrees by changing the cut angle of the stepped surface 92 portion of the present embodiment or changing the optical system. Alternatively, the distal end of the instrument guidingguide tube 21 may be cut obliquely and the shorter side used for the treatment operation. Furthermore, as a treatment tool to be used, in addition to the above-described treatment tools, an argon plasma laser, a high-frequency cautery tool using a roller, or the like may be used.
[0121]
Furthermore, since the treatment endoscope inserted into the instrument guidingguide tube 21 has a large solid-state image sensor and is suitable for an endoscope having excellent observation capability, the distal end portion incorporating the solid-state image sensor has a large circular shape. It is good also as a cross-sectional shape and a curved part and an insertion part are good also as a thing of a small non-circular cross-sectional shape compared with this.
[0122]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the overall cross-sectional shape of the combination of the inner hole of the instrument guiding guide tube and the instrument inserted therein is substantially circular. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and is not limited to this. It may be of the shape.
[0123]
In order to make the advancement and retreat of the treatment endoscope and the treatment unit smoother, each of them may be made of a material having excellent slipperiness or may be coated with good slipperiness on the outer surface. Further, the same coating may be applied to the inner surface of the guide tube into which the treatment endoscope and the treatment unit instrument are inserted.
[0124]
<Appendix>
1. An instrument guide tube inserted into the body cavity;
At least one treatment endoscope inserted into the inner hole of the instrument guiding guide tube so as to freely advance and retract;
Comprising at least one treatment instrument unit which is inserted into the inner hole of the instrument guiding guide tube so as to freely advance and retract,
The outer shape of the cross section of at least one of the endoscope and the treatment instrument unit has an arc portion whose diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner hole of the instrument guiding guide tube. When the treatment instrument unit is combined and placed in the instrument guiding guide tube, the outer shape of the combined cross-section is such that the diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner hole of the instrument guiding guide tube. An endoscopic treatment device characterized by comprising:
[0125]
2. 2. The endoscopic treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a second endoscope for guiding the instrument guiding guide tube into a body cavity.
3. At least one of the endoscope and the treatment instrument unit has a partial cross-sectional shape that is a non-circular shape having a circular arc in part, and the diameter of the circular arc is slightly smaller than the radius of the inner hole of the instrument guide tube An endoscope treatment apparatus characterized in that the overall cross-sectional shape of the endoscope and the treatment instrument unit is substantially circular when the endoscope and the treatment instrument unit are combined so that the arc portion is outside.
[0126]
4). Endoscopic treatment according to item 3, wherein the non-circular shape of a partial cross-sectional shape in at least one of the endoscope and the treatment instrument unit is a combination of an arc and another curve. apparatus.
5. The endoscopic treatment device according to item 3, wherein the non-circular shape is a substantially fan shape in which an arc and a straight line are combined.
[0127]
6). Item 1. The cross-sectional shape of the endoscope and the treatment tool unit are both substantially semicircular, and the overall cross-sectional shape when the endoscope and the treatment tool unit are combined is substantially a circle. Endoscopic treatment device.
7). 2. The endoscope treatment apparatus according to item 1, wherein both the endoscope and the treatment instrument unit have substantially fan-shaped cross sections.
8). The endoscope treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the treatment instrument unit has a bending function.
[0128]
9. 2. The endoscopic treatment apparatus according to item 1, wherein the treatment instrument unit has a treatment instrument guide tube having a bending function.
10. 2. The endoscopic treatment apparatus according to item 1, wherein the treatment instrument unit includes at least two treatment instrument units.
11. 2. The endoscope treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a bending function is provided in at least a part of the treatment instrument guide tube.
[0129]
12 At least one treatment tool unit is a treatment tool, and the other is a treatment tool insertion guide tube.
13. The endoscope treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the endoscope includes a treatment instrument insertion conduit.
14 The endoscopic treatment device according to item 1, wherein the treatment instrument guide tube has at least one treatment instrument insertion conduit.
[0130]
15. 2. The endoscopic treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the instrument guiding guide tube has illumination means.
16. Lubricating treatment is performed on the inner surface of the instrument guiding guide tube, the outer surface of the treatment instrument unit at the portion inserted into the instrument guiding guide tube, and the outer surface of the second endoscope inserted into the instrument guiding guide tube. The endoscope treatment apparatus according to item 1.
17. Endoscopic treatment according to item 1, characterized in that the distal end of the instrument guiding guide tube and the distal end of the endoscope that is inserted through the instrument guiding guide tube are formed into an obliquely cut shape. apparatus.
[0131]
18. The endoscope treatment apparatus according to any one ofItems 1 and 2, wherein an observation direction of the endoscope inserted through the instrument guiding guide tube is a side view.
19. The endoscopic treatment device according toitem 2, wherein the observation direction of the endoscope inserted through the instrument guiding guide tube is a rear perspective view.
20. The endoscopic treatment device according toitem 2, wherein the observation direction of the endoscope inserted through the instrument guiding guide tube is a front perspective view.
21. The endoscope inserted through the instrument guiding guide tube has a treatment instrument insertion channel, and has a treatment instrument raising means at the distal end opening of the treatment instrument insertion channel at the distal end of the endoscope. The endoscopic treatment device according toitem 2, wherein
[0132]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, at least one endoscope and at least one treatment instrument unit are entangled and used after being inserted into a guide tube for guiding an instrument that is introduced to the vicinity of a lesion in a body cavity. Since it is possible, treatment becomes easier than in the conventional case. In other words, the treatment endoscope and the treatment tool unit are made independent and can be operated separately, so that a wide range of lesions can be observed from a distance and treated with a large treatment tool if necessary. It is. By using a large treatment tool, large lesions can be excised at once, and there are advantages such as excision of a wide lesion area or a deeply infiltrated lesion area in a short number of times. If it is not partial excision, a specimen with few cut surfaces is obtained, and pathological examination of the excised specimen is easy. In addition, there is less bleeding and in the case of tumors such as cancer, diffusion metastasis can be prevented.
[0133]
In addition, by configuring the instrument guide tube, the treatment endoscope inserted through it, and various treatment tool units in various forms, the treatment status of a wide range of lesions in the body cavity can be increased. Appropriate surgery can be performed easily and quickly while observing the whole.
[0134]
Furthermore, in the present invention, since at least one of the instruments has a cross-sectional shape other than a circle and a plurality of instruments are combined, both instruments can be configured to be as thin as possible.
[0135]
In addition, if the end of the guide tube for guiding the instrument is held near the lesioned part, a part that could only be approached from the side with a direct-view endoscope until now, for example, By making the viewing direction of the endoscope side view, it becomes possible to approach from the top of the lesioned part, and the treatment becomes easy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to a sixth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to a seventh embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to an eighth embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a usage state of an endoscope treatment apparatus according to a ninth embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a usage state of the endoscope treatment apparatus according to the tenth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a use state of a conventional endoscope treatment apparatus.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a use state of a conventional endoscopic treatment apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
21 ... Guide tube for guiding aninstrument 23 ... Endoscope fortreatment 24
39 ... lesion, 32 ... grasping forceps, 36 ... high frequency snare incision tool,
35 ... treatment tool unit, 37 ... treatment tool unit, 38 ... stomach, 39 ... lesion.

Claims (2)

Translated fromJapanese
体腔内に挿入される器具誘導用案内管と、
上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔に挿入されるとともに処置具を挿通する挿通用チャンネルを有した少なくとも一つの第1の処置用内視鏡と、
上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔に挿入されるとともに処置具を挿通する挿通用チャンネルを有した少なくとも一つの第2の処置用内視鏡と、
を具備し、上記第1の処置用内視鏡の挿通用チャンネルを通じて体腔内に挿入した処置具と、上記第2の処置用内視鏡の挿通用チャンネルを通じて体腔内に挿入した処置具とを用いて体腔内の患部を処置する内視鏡治療装置であって、
上記第1の処置用内視鏡は、観察手段と照明手段と上記処置具挿通チャンネルの出口とを有した第1先端部と、上記第1先端部の位置を変える湾曲機能を有する第1湾曲部とを有した、上記案内管内に挿入可能な第1挿入部を備え、かつ上記第1先端部及び上記第1湾曲部は上記案内管の先端から突き出し可能であり、上記第1挿入部はその横断面の外形状が上記案内管の内孔の径寸法よりも小さい径の弧の部分を持ち、更に上記第1先端部および上記第1湾曲部を残して上記第1湾曲部の後端に続く上記第1挿入部の部分における周面には切除形状の収納用空間を形成してなり、
上記第2の処置用内視鏡は、観察手段と処置具挿通チャンネル出口とを有した第2先端部と、上記第2先端部の位置を変える湾曲機能を有する第2湾曲部とを有した、上記収納用空間に収納可能な第2挿入部を備え、かつ上記第2先端部及び上記第2湾曲部は上記収納用空間から突き出し可能であり、
上記収納用空間内に上記第2挿入部を収納して上記第1の処置用内視鏡と上記第2の処置用内視鏡とを組み合わせて該第1の処置用内視鏡と該第2の処置用内視鏡とを上記器具誘導用案内管の内孔に上記第2の処置用内視鏡の第2先端部が上記案内管の先端から突き出す位置まで進退自在に挿入可能であることを特徴とする内視鏡治療装置。
An instrument guide tube inserted into the body cavity;
At least one first treatment endoscopehaving an insertion channel that is inserted into the inner hole of the instrument guide tubeand through which a treatment tool is inserted ;
At least onesecond treatment endoscopehaving an insertion channel that is inserted into the inner hole of the instrument guide tubeand through which a treatment tool is inserted ;
A treatment instrument inserted into the body cavity through the insertion channel of the first treatment endoscope, and a treatment instrument inserted into the body cavity through the insertion channel of the second treatment endoscope. An endoscopic treatment device for treating an affected part in a body cavity using,
The first treatment endoscopehas a first distal end portionhaving observation means, illumination means, and an outlet of the treatment instrument insertion channel, and afirst curvature having a bending function for changing the position ofthe first distal end portion. Afirst insertion portion that can be inserted into the guide tube,andthe first tip portion andthe first bending portion can protrude from the tip of the guide tube, andthe first insertion portion is the outer shape of the cross section has a portion of the arc of smaller diameter than the diameter of the inner hole of the guide tube, further rear end of thefirst curved portion, leaving thefirst distal portion and thefirst bending portion A space for cutting-out storage is formed on the peripheral surface ofthe first insertion portion that follows,
The second of the medical treatment endoscopehad a second distal portion having a treatment instrument insertion channel outlet and the observation unit, and a second curved portion having a bending function of changing the position of the second tip portion Asecond insertion portion that can be stored in the storage space, and the second tip portion and the second bending portion can protrude from the storage space.
The second insertion portion is stored in the storage space, and the first treatment endoscope and the second treatment endoscope are combined to combine thefirst treatment endoscope and the first treatment endoscope. The second treatment endoscope can be inserted into the inner hole of the instrument guiding guide tube so thatthe second distal end portion ofthe second treatment endoscope protrudes from the distal end of the guide tube. An endoscopic treatment device characterized by the above.
上記第1の処置用内視鏡の観察手段は、上記第1先端部の側方を観察する観察手段であり、上記第1の処置用内視鏡の上記処置具挿通チャンネルの出口に、上記観察手段の観察領域に処置具を導く起上台を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内視鏡治療装置。The observation means of the first treatment endoscope is an observation means for observing the side of the first distal end portion, and is provided at the outlet of the treatment instrument insertion channel of the first treatment endoscope. The endoscopic treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an elevator that guides the treatment tool to an observation region of the observation means.
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