【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、靭性に優れる鋼系または鉄系材料からなる内層の外周に、高硬度の超硬合金からなる外層を形成した圧延用複合ロールの製造方法及びそれにより得られたロールに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
特許文献１には超硬合金と鋼材を金属的に接合した複合ロールが提案されている。これは鋼材からなる内層を形成するスリーブの外周に、周期律表のＩＶａ〜ＶＩａ族元素の炭化物、窒化物および炭窒化物の硬質粒子の少なくとも１種または２種以上を６０〜９０重量％と、残部実質的にＦｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ及びＷの少なくとも１種または２種以上の金属粉末とからなる混合粉末を焼結すると同時に拡散接合させた超硬合金製の外層を有し、外層表面に１００ＭＰａ以上の円周方向の圧縮残留応力を付与した複合スリーブを、ロール軸材に嵌合固定したものである。また、特許文献２には超硬合金と鋼製の中実軸材を金属的に接合した中実構造の複合ロールも提案されている。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開平１０−８２１２号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平１０−８２１３号公報
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この種の超硬合金製複合ロールは、従来の組立て式超硬ロールにおける固定リング、皿バネ、ナットなどが不要であり、ロール胴部長さの全表面を外層で構成するため圧延に使用できる部分を拡大できる利点を有する。
【０００５】
このような超硬合金製複合ロールでは、超硬合金の外層と鉄系あるいは鋼系の内層を接合させる必要があり、通常、外層形成用の超硬合金素材（超硬合金の原料粉末、成形体、仮焼結体、焼結体）と内層とを鋼系材料からなるＨＩＰ缶に封入し、ＨＩＰ炉中で高温高圧を作用させて接合させる方法が採られてきた。
【０００６】
ＨＩＰ処理の際、超硬合金の少なくとも一部が液相となる温度以上まで温度を上げると、ＨＩＰ缶の内面と超硬合金が接する界面にて、炭素量の高い超硬合金から炭素量の低いＨＩＰ缶に炭素が拡散移動する。その結果、ＨＩＰ缶の炭素含有量が増加しそれに応じて融点が低下する。このＨＩＰ缶の融点低下によって、ＨＩＰ処理中にＨＩＰ缶が溶損し、封入したロールに圧力がかからず、外層と内層の接合が不完全となることがあった。
【０００７】
そこで、従来はＨＩＰ処理によって内層と超硬合金の外層とを接合する際には、ＨＩＰ缶の溶融破損を防止するため、超硬合金の液相が発生しない、低温で固相接合せざるを得なかった。
【０００８】
一方、超硬合金が本来の特性を発揮するためには、超硬合金の少なくとも一部が液相となる温度で焼結するいわゆる液相焼結をしなければ、健全な焼結体が得られず、組織ムラや強度不足をもたらす。
【０００９】
超硬合金製複合ロールをＨＩＰ処理で接合する際には、前述したようにＨＩＰ缶の溶融破損を防止するため、超硬合金の液相温度以下でＨＩＰ接合を施さなければならないので、本来の超硬合金を有する外層特性を有するロールを得るには、ＨＩＰ接合前に液相温度以上での焼結を施さなければならなかった。
【００１０】
しかしながら、焼結済みの超硬合金素材をＨＩＰ処理する工程をとると、ＨＩＰ缶に挿入するための外層スリーブを焼結硬化した難削状態で所定の寸法に加工しなければならず、焼結前の粉末状態やプレス成形体あるいは、１０００℃以下程度で処理する仮焼結体に比べ、加工に工数、コストを要する。
【００１１】
さらに、超硬合金素材を短尺に分割したスリーブで複数個製作し、内層の周囲にこれらの分割スリーブを複数個積み重ねておき、内層とのＨＩＰ接合時にこれらの分割スリーブを同時にロール軸方向に接合する場合、焼結後に液相温度以下でＨＩＰ接合すると、分割スリーブ同士の接合部にコバルト等のバインダー相が富化した偏析が発生する。このためこの部分を圧延に使用すると、バインダーが富化した部分の摩耗が大きく、これに対応する線状の凹み疵が発生し、これが圧延材に転写されるという不具合が発生する。
【００１２】
本発明はこのような問題に鑑み、超硬合金製複合ロールの製造時に超硬合金の液相温度以上でＨＩＰすることにより、外層形成用超硬合金素材として、焼結をしていない粉末、プレス成形体あるいは仮焼結体を用いても、本来の液相焼結を施した超硬合金と同様の特性を持つ複合ロールを得ることのできる製造方法を提供することを目的とする。さらに、このようなＨＩＰ条件を採用することにより、外層形成用超硬合金素材が液相焼結された分割スリーブであって、それらをロール軸方向に接合する場合でも、分割スリーブ同士の接合部に偏析が発生しない製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の超硬合金製圧延用複合ロールの製造方法は、鋼系または鉄系材料からなる内層の外周に、外層形成用の超硬合金素材である複数個の分割スリーブを同軸上に積み重ねて配置して、鋼系材料からなるＨＩＰ缶の内面と外層形成用超硬合金素材の外面との間に、外層形成用超硬合金素材より融点の高い材料からなる拡散防止層を設けて、外層形成用超硬合金素材の液相が発生する温度以上でＨＩＰ処理を行うことにより、前記内層と分割スリーブおよび分割スリーブ同士を接合させ、分割スリーブ同士の接合部に偏析が発生しないことを特徴とする。
【００１４】
前記拡散防止層が、４ａ族、５ａ族および６ａ族の金属あるいはそれらの合金のうちいずれかからなることを特徴とする。また、前記拡散防止層が、ニオブ、ニオブ系合金、タンタル、タンタル系合金、クロム、クロム系合金、モリブデン、モリブデン系合金のうちいずれかからなることを特徴とする。また、前記拡散防止層が、酸化物または窒化物からなることを特徴とする
【００１５】
また、前記拡散防止層を箔材または板状材により形成したことを特徴とする。さらに、前記拡散防止層をめっき等の表面処理により形成する、あるいは溶射または塗布により形成したことを特徴とする。
【００１６】
【作用】
ＨＩＰプロセスで製造する超硬合金製複合ロールにおいて、外層材質が通常の超硬合金と同様、液相焼結プロセス材と同様の特性を持つためには、ＨＩＰ処理において、液相焼結で製造できなければならない。また、そのような液相温度以上でＨＩＰ処理することにより、焼結後の超硬合金の分割スリーブ同士を接合したときの接合部の偏析防止も可能となる。
【００１７】
そのために、ＨＩＰでの液相発生温度以上での超硬合金と鋼系材料からなるＨＩＰ缶との反応を防止することが不可欠であり、具体的な方法として、ＨＩＰ缶の内面と外層形成用超硬合金素材の外面との間に、両者の直接接触を防止するため、外層形成用超硬合金素材より融点の高い材料からなる拡散防止層を設ける。
【００１８】
拡散防止層は、４ａ族、５ａ族および６ａ族の金属あるいはそれらの合金が望ましい。例えば、ニオブ、ニオブ系合金、タンタル、タンタル系合金、クロム、クロム系合金、モリブデン、モリブデン系合金などが望ましい。なかでもニオブ、ニオブ系合金、タンタル、タンタル系合金がより好ましい。具体的な形成方法としては、ＨＩＰ缶の内面にニオブの箔材を配置したり、ＨＩＰ缶の内面にクロムめっきの表面処理を施すことがよい。
【００１９】
また拡散防止層は、前記のような金属材料だけでなく、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＺｒＯ２、Ｙ２Ｏ３、などの酸化物や、ＡｌＮ、ＢＮなどの窒化物を用いても差し支えない。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
（実施例１）
まず、外層形成用の超硬合金原料粉末として、平均粒径が５μｍのＷＣ原料粉末、平均粒径が１μｍのＣｏ原料粉末を用意し、それぞれを重量％でＷＣ原料粉末８０％、Ｃｏ原料粉末２０％の割合で配合し、ボールミルで２０時間湿式混合した後、乾燥した。
【００２１】
この混合粉末を用いて、外径φ３００ｍｍ、内径φ２４０ｍｍ、長さ１００ｍｍの超硬合金製の仮焼結体からなる短尺な中空スリーブを複数個作製した。これを外層形成用の超硬合金素材とした。
【００２２】
また、外層と内層の間に配置する中間層形成用の超硬合金原料粉末として、平均粒径が３μｍのＷＣ原料粉末、平均粒径が１μｍのＣｏ粉末を用意し、重量％でＷＣ原料粉末３０％、Ｃｏ原料粉末７０％の割合で配合し、それをボールミルで２０時間湿式混合した後、乾燥し、中間層形成用素材とした。
【００２３】
また、内径φ３１０ｍｍ、長さ５５０ｍｍの鋼系材料からなるＨＩＰ缶の中央に、内層として、外径φ２２０ｍｍ、内径φ１６０ｍｍ、長さ５００ｍｍの中空円筒状のＳＣＭ４４０を配置した。
【００２４】
そして、ＨＩＰ缶と外層形成用超硬合金素材が直接接触しないように、本発明の特徴とする拡散防止層として、ＨＩＰ缶の内面に、外層形成用の超硬合金素材より融点の高いニオブからなる箔材を設けた。
【００２５】
次いで、外層形成用の超硬合金素材である中空スリーブを内層の周りに複数個同軸上に積み重ねて挿入した。
【００２６】
次いで、内層の外面と中空スリーブの外層の内面との間に形成された空隙に、前記の中間層形成用素材を充填した。その後、ＨＩＰ缶を鋼の蓋で溶接密封した後、７００℃にて真空ポンプで脱気処理を行なった。ＨＩＰ缶にリークが生じていないことを確認した後、１３５０℃、１４００気圧にて、つまり外層形成用超硬合金素材の液相が発生する温度以上でＨＩＰ処理を行なった。
【００２７】
冷却後、ＨＩＰ缶を加工除去し、超音波探傷検査にて、外層、中間層および内層の接合が健全であることを確認した。また、ＨＩＰ缶の溶融破損は認められなかった。
【００２８】
さらに、ロール軸方向に接合した中空スリーブ同士の接合部にはコバルト等のバインダー相が富化した偏析は見られなかった。また、ロール直径方向に、内層、中間層および外層を含む境界接合部の抗折試験片を切り出し、ＪＩＳ Ｒ１６０１に準拠した抗折試験を行ない、坑折強度を測定した。坑折強度は１７８０（ＭＰａ）であり十分な強度を得ることができた。
【００２９】
（比較例）
本発明の対象外である比較例について説明する。前述の実施例１において、拡散防止層として、ＨＩＰ缶の内面に、外層形成用の超硬合金素材より融点の高いニオブからなる箔材を設けないで、実施例１同様のＨＩＰ処理を行った。結果、ＨＩＰ缶が溶融破損し、ロールに所定のＨＩＰ圧力が作用しなかったため、超硬合金の外層と内層の接合はなされず、複合ロールを得ることはできなかった。
【００３０】
【発明の効果】
超硬合金製複合ロールの製造時に超硬合金の液相温度以上でＨＩＰすることにより、外層形成用超硬合金素材として、焼結をしていない粉末、プレス成形体あるいは仮焼結体を用いても、本来の液相焼結を施した超硬合金と同様の特性を持つ複合ロールを得ることができる。また、このようなＨＩＰ条件を採用することにより、外層形成用超硬合金素材が液相焼結された分割スリーブであって、それらをロール軸方向に接合する場合でも、分割スリーブ同士の接合部に偏析が発生しない。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite roll for rolling in which an outer layer made of a cemented carbide with high hardness is formed on the outer periphery of an inner layer made of steel or iron-based material having excellent toughness, and a roll obtained thereby.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Patent Document 1 proposes a composite roll in which a cemented carbide and a steel material are joined metallically. In the outer periphery of the sleeve forming the inner layer made of steel material, 60 to 90% by weight of at least one or more of carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides of IVa to VIa group elements of the periodic table is used. A cemented carbide outer layer formed by sintering and simultaneously bonding a mixed powder composed of at least one or more metal powders of Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Mo, and W. A composite sleeve having a circumferential compressive residual stress of 100 MPa or more applied to the outer layer surface is fitted and fixed to a roll shaft material. Patent Document 2 also proposes a composite roll having a solid structure in which a cemented carbide and a steel solid shaft material are joined metallically.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-8212 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-8213
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
This kind of cemented carbide composite roll does not require fixing rings, disc springs, nuts, etc. in conventional assembled cemented carbide rolls, and can be used for rolling because the entire surface of the roll body length is composed of an outer layer. Has the advantage that can be expanded.
[0005]
In such a composite roll made of cemented carbide, it is necessary to join the outer layer of cemented carbide and the inner layer of iron or steel, and usually the cemented carbide material for forming the outer layer (raw material powder of cemented carbide, molding) Body, pre-sintered body, and sintered body) and an inner layer are sealed in a HIP can made of a steel-based material, and a method of joining them by applying high temperature and high pressure in a HIP furnace has been adopted.
[0006]
During the HIP treatment, when the temperature is raised to a temperature at least at which a part of the cemented carbide is in a liquid phase, the carbon content of the cemented carbide having a high carbon content is increased from the interface between the inner surface of the HIP can and the cemented carbide. Carbon diffuses and moves into a low HIP can. As a result, the carbon content of the HIP can increases and the melting point decreases accordingly. Due to the lowering of the melting point of the HIP can, the HIP can melts during the HIP process, pressure is not applied to the enclosed roll, and the joining between the outer layer and the inner layer may be incomplete.
[0007]
Therefore, conventionally, when joining the inner layer and the outer layer of the cemented carbide by HIP processing, in order to prevent melting damage of the HIP can, the liquid phase of the cemented carbide does not occur, and solid phase joining must be performed at a low temperature. I didn't get it.
[0008]
On the other hand, in order for the cemented carbide to exhibit its original characteristics, a sound sintered body can be obtained unless so-called liquid phase sintering is performed in which at least a part of the cemented carbide is sintered at a temperature at which it becomes a liquid phase. This results in uneven tissue and insufficient strength.
[0009]
When joining a composite roll made of cemented carbide by HIP processing, as described above, HIP joining must be performed below the liquidus temperature of the cemented carbide in order to prevent melting failure of the HIP can. In order to obtain a roll having an outer layer characteristic having a cemented carbide, it was necessary to perform sintering at a liquid phase temperature or higher before HIP bonding.
[0010]
However, if the sintered cemented carbide material is subjected to the HIP process, the outer sleeve for insertion into the HIP can must be processed to a predetermined size in a hard-to-cut state that has been hardened by sintering. Compared to the previous powder state, press-molded body, or pre-sintered body processed at about 1000 ° C. or less, processing requires man-hours and costs.
[0011]
In addition, a plurality of sleeves made of cemented carbide material are manufactured in short lengths, and a plurality of these divided sleeves are stacked around the inner layer, and these divided sleeves are simultaneously joined in the roll axis direction during HIP bonding with the inner layer. In this case, when the HIP bonding is performed at a temperature equal to or lower than the liquid phase temperature after sintering, segregation in which a binder phase such as cobalt is enriched is generated at the joint portion between the split sleeves. For this reason, when this part is used for rolling, wear of the part enriched with the binder is great, and a linear dent corresponding to this is generated, which causes a problem that this is transferred to the rolled material.
[0012]
In view of such a problem, the present invention provides a non-sintered powder as a cemented carbide material for outer layer formation by HIPing at a liquid phase temperature or higher of the cemented carbide during the production of a cemented carbide composite roll, An object of the present invention is to provide a production method capable of obtaining a composite roll having characteristics similar to those of a cemented carbide subjected to original liquid phase sintering even if a press-molded body or a temporary sintered body is used. Furthermore, by adopting such HIP conditions, the outer layer-forming cemented carbide material is a liquid-sintered split sleeve, and even when they are joined in the roll axis direction, the joint portion between the split sleeves An object of the present invention is to provide a production method in which segregation does not occur.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method of manufacturing a composite roll for rolling made of cemented carbide according to the present invention comprises a plurality of divided sleeves, which are cemented carbide materials for forming an outer layer, coaxially stacked on the outer periphery of an inner layer made of a steel or iron-based material. A diffusion prevention layer made of a material having a melting point higher than that of the outer layer forming cemented carbide material is provided between the inner surface of the HIP can made of the steel-based material and the outer surface of the outer layer forming cemented carbide material. By performing HIP treatment at a temperature higher than the temperature at which the liquid phase of the forming cemented carbide material is generated, the inner layer, the split sleeve, and the split sleeve are joinedtogether, and segregation does not occur at the joint between the split sleeves. To do.
[0014]
The diffusion preventing layer is made of any of 4a group, 5a group and 6a group metals or alloys thereof. The diffusion prevention layer is made of any one of niobium, a niobium alloy, tantalum, a tantalum alloy, chromium, a chromium alloy, molybdenum, and a molybdenum alloy. The diffusion preventing layer is made of an oxide or a nitride.
The diffusion preventing layer is formed of a foil material or a plate material. Furthermore, the diffusion preventing layer is formed by a surface treatment such as plating, or is formed by thermal spraying or coating.
[0016]
[Action]
In the composite roll made of cemented carbide manufactured by the HIP process, the outer layer material has the same characteristics as the liquid phase sintered process material in the same way as ordinary cemented carbide. It must be possible. Moreover, by performing the HIP treatment at such a liquidus temperature or higher, it is possible to prevent segregation of the joint portion when the cemented carbide divided sleeves are joined to each other.
[0017]
Therefore, it is indispensable to prevent the reaction between the cemented carbide and the HIP can made of steel material at a temperature higher than the liquid phase generation temperature in HIP. In order to prevent direct contact between the two and the outer surface of the cemented carbide material, a diffusion preventing layer made of a material having a higher melting point than the cemented carbide material for forming the outer layer is provided.
[0018]
The diffusion preventing layer is preferably made of a 4a group, 5a group or 6a group metal or an alloy thereof. For example, niobium, niobium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, chromium, chromium alloys, molybdenum, molybdenum alloys, and the like are desirable. Of these, niobium, niobium alloys, tantalum, and tantalum alloys are more preferable. As a specific forming method, a niobium foil material may be disposed on the inner surface of the HIP can, or a chrome plating surface treatment may be applied to the inner surface of the HIP can.
[0019]
The diffusion prevention layer may be made of not only the metal material as described above but also an oxide such as Al2 O3 , ZrO2 , Y2 O3 , or a nitride such as AlN or BN.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(Example 1)
First, as a cemented carbide raw material powder for forming the outer layer, a WC raw material powder having an average particle size of 5 μm and a Co raw material powder having an average particle size of 1 μm are prepared. The mixture was blended at a ratio of 20%, wet-mixed with a ball mill for 20 hours, and then dried.
[0021]
Using this mixed powder, a plurality of short hollow sleeves made of a temporary sintered body made of cemented carbide having an outer diameter of 300 mm, an inner diameter of 240 mm, and a length of 100 mm were produced. This was used as the cemented carbide material for outer layer formation.
[0022]
In addition, as a cemented carbide raw material powder for forming an intermediate layer disposed between the outer layer and the inner layer, a WC raw material powder having an average particle size of 3 μm and a Co powder having an average particle size of 1 μm are prepared, and the WC raw material powder in weight%. 30% and 70% Co raw material powder were blended and wet-mixed with a ball mill for 20 hours, followed by drying to obtain an intermediate layer forming material.
[0023]
In addition, a hollow cylindrical SCM 440 having an outer diameter of 220 mm, an inner diameter of 160 mm, and a length of 500 mm was disposed as an inner layer in the center of a HIP can made of a steel-based material having an inner diameter of 310 mm and a length of 550 mm.
[0024]
In order to prevent direct contact between the HIP can and the outer layer forming cemented carbide material, niobium having a melting point higher than that of the outer layer forming cemented carbide material is used on the inner surface of the HIP can. A foil material was provided.
[0025]
Next, a plurality of hollow sleeves, which are cemented carbide materials for forming the outer layer, were coaxially stacked around the inner layer and inserted.
[0026]
Next, the intermediate layer forming material was filled in a gap formed between the outer surface of the inner layer and the inner surface of the outer layer of the hollow sleeve. Thereafter, the HIP can was hermetically sealed with a steel lid, and then deaerated with a vacuum pump at 700 ° C. After confirming that no leak occurred in the HIP can, the HIP treatment was performed at 1350 ° C. and 1400 atm, that is, at a temperature higher than the temperature at which the liquid phase of the outer layer forming cemented carbide material was generated.
[0027]
After cooling, the HIP can was processed and removed, and it was confirmed by ultrasonic flaw detection that the joining of the outer layer, the intermediate layer, and the inner layer was sound. Further, no melt breakage of the HIP can was observed.
[0028]
Furthermore, segregation enriched with a binder phase such as cobalt was not observed at the joint between the hollow sleeves joined in the roll axis direction. Moreover, the bending test piece of the boundary junction part containing an inner layer, an intermediate | middle layer, and an outer layer was cut out to the roll diameter direction, the bending test based on JISR1601 was done, and the fold strength was measured. The mine strength was 1780 (MPa), and a sufficient strength could be obtained.
[0029]
(Comparative example )
A comparative example that is outside the scope of the present invention will be described. In Example 1 described above, the HIP treatment similar to Example 1 was performed without providing a foil material made of niobium having a melting point higher than that of the cemented carbide material for forming the outer layer on the inner surface of the HIP can as the diffusion preventing layer. . As a result, the HIP can was melted and damaged, and the predetermined HIP pressure did not act on the roll. Therefore, the outer layer and the inner layer of the cemented carbide were not joined, and a composite roll could not be obtained.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
By using HIP above the liquidus temperature of the cemented carbide when manufacturing a composite roll made of cemented carbide, unsintered powder, press-formed product or temporary sintered product is used as the cemented carbide material for outer layer formation However, it is possible to obtain a composite roll having the same characteristics as the cemented carbide subjected to the original liquid phase sintering. Further, by adopting such HIP conditions, the outer sleeve-forming cemented carbide material is a divided sleeve in which liquid phase sintering is performed, and even when these are joined in the roll axis direction, the joining portion between the divided sleeves Segregation does not occur.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003036254AJP4221703B2 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2003-02-14 | Cemented carbide roll composite roll manufacturing method and roll |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003036254AJP4221703B2 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2003-02-14 | Cemented carbide roll composite roll manufacturing method and roll |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004244684A JP2004244684A (en) | 2004-09-02 |
| JP4221703B2true JP4221703B2 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003036254AExpired - Fee RelatedJP4221703B2 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2003-02-14 | Cemented carbide roll composite roll manufacturing method and roll |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4221703B2 (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010106351A (en)* | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-13 | Kuroki Kogyosho:Kk | Treatment method for article including container by hip process |
| JP6281385B2 (en)* | 2014-04-03 | 2018-02-21 | 日立金属株式会社 | Method for manufacturing outer layer made of cemented carbide for rolling roll |
| CN106111993B (en)* | 2016-07-28 | 2018-05-04 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A kind of method that powder metallurgic method prepares niobium alloy plate |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004244684A (en) | 2004-09-02 |
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