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JP4174165B2 - Flame retardant wire - Google Patents

Flame retardant wire
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Publication number
JP4174165B2
JP4174165B2JP2000063492AJP2000063492AJP4174165B2JP 4174165 B2JP4174165 B2JP 4174165B2JP 2000063492 AJP2000063492 AJP 2000063492AJP 2000063492 AJP2000063492 AJP 2000063492AJP 4174165 B2JP4174165 B2JP 4174165B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
flame
inner layer
retardant
electric wire
outer layer
Prior art date
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JP2000063492A
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JP2001250433A (en
Inventor
昌伸 義村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Translated fromJapanese

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は難燃性電線に関し、より詳しくは内燃機関を用いる道路車両の電源電線等に好適に用いられる難燃性電線に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリエチレン、エチレン共重合体あるいはこれらの混合物を架橋した架橋ポリエチレン樹脂は、塩化ビニル樹脂に比べ耐熱性に優れていること及び塩化ビニル樹脂にみられる燃焼時における有害ハロゲン系ガスの発生という問題が無いことから、電線、ケーブルなどの電気絶縁樹脂材料として広く用いられている。このような架橋ポリエチレン樹脂を電気絶縁樹脂材料に用いた電線としては、例えば特開平10−106354号公報には、90%以下の低密度ポリエチレン(以下LDPEと略す)と残部のエチレン−エチルアクリレート共重合(以下EEAと略す)の如きエチレン共重合体からなる樹脂成分とシラン架橋剤とを含有する電気絶縁樹脂を絶縁層とする家庭用、住宅用電線が開示されている。又、自動車用電線の絶縁被覆材料に架橋ポリエチレン樹脂を用いた例として、特開平8−169991号公報には、EEA30質量部、直鎖低密度ポリエチレン(以下LLDPEと略す)70質量部及び無機難燃剤80質量部からなる外皮を導体に被覆してなる難燃性電線が開示されている。自動車用電線の絶縁被覆材料には、難燃性に優れること、耐熱性に優れること、可とう性に優れること、耐磨耗性に優れること等が要求される。しかし、かかる特性をすべて十分満足し得る程度で具備した前記架橋ポリエチレン樹脂は未だ得られていないのが実状である。満足し得る難燃性を確保するためには、外皮の厚みを1mm以上と比較的大きくし、かつ無機難燃剤を大量に用いる必要があるが、上記した従来技術のように、絶縁被覆材料中のLDPF(又はLLDPE):EEA質量比が50:50以上となると、可とう性(柔軟性)が低下して配線が困難になったり、電線を無理に折り曲げたときに表面が白化したり亀裂を生じたりする問題を生じる。この問題はLDPE(又はLLDPE):EEA比を低くする(EEA量を増大させる)ことにより解決できるが、この場合、今度は高温時に電線同志が融着するという問題が新たに生じる。自動車用電線は高温に曝されるため120℃の高温放置試験に耐える必要があるが、高いEEA含量を有する外皮は高温放置試験に耐えることができない。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、自動車用電線として好適に用いられる、耐熱性にすぐれかつ可とう性(柔軟性)も良好な難燃性電線を提供することを課題とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明によれば、導体の周囲を難燃性の電気絶縁外皮で被覆した難燃性電線において、該外皮を、エチレン−エチルアクリレート共重合体70〜90質量%と直鎖低密度ポリエチレン樹脂30〜10質量%からなる樹脂の架橋体を含む内層と、該内層の周囲に設けた、直鎖低密度ポリエチレン樹脂90〜70質量%とエチレン−エチルアクリレート共重合体10〜30質量%からなる樹脂の架橋体を含む外層から構成するとともに、該外層の厚みTに対する該内層の厚みTの比、T:Tを50:50〜90:10としたことを特徴とする難燃性電線が提供される。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明を次に図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。図1において、1は導体、2は内層、3は外層、4は外皮を示す。
【0006】
1は銅線等の導体であって、複数の撚り線からなる。4は導体1の外周囲を被覆する難燃性の電気絶縁外皮であって、内層2と外層3から構成されている。本発明の難燃性電線を自動車用電線として用いる場合、外皮4は1〜2mmの厚みを有することが望ましい。即ち、内層2と外層3の合計厚みは1〜2mmであることが望ましい。この場合、外層3の厚みTに対する内層2の厚みTの比(T:T)を50:50〜90:10とすることが所望の耐熱性及び可とう性を得るために重要である。この比(T:T)は好ましくは50:50〜70:30の範囲である。
【0007】
内層2は、エチレン−エチルアクリレート共重合体(EEA)70〜90質量%と直鎖低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(LLDPE)30〜10質量%からなる樹脂の架橋体を含む。EEAとしては、従来慣用のものが制限無く使用できる。エチルアクリレート単量体単位の含有量が10〜50質量%、好ましくは20〜30質量%のEEAが一般に用いられる。本発明において直鎖低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(LLDPE)としては、従来公知のものが用いられ、その比重は、0.910〜0.930である。内層2としては、本発明の場合、EEA70〜90質量%とLLDPE30〜10質量%からなる樹脂の架橋体を含むもの(即ち、EEA:LLDPE質量比が70:30〜90:10の範囲のもの)が可とう性の点で好ましい。
【0008】
外層3は、LLDPE90〜70質量%とEEA10〜30質量%からなる樹脂の架橋体を含む。外層3としては、LLDPE:EEA質量比が90:10〜70:30の範囲のものが耐熱性及び可とう性の点で好ましい。
【0009】
内層2及び外層3の各々は難燃剤を含有することにより難燃性電線とされている。難燃剤としては水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、それらの表面変性物などの金属水酸化物難燃剤が通常用いられる。内層2及び外層3における難燃剤の使用量は、通常、内層2及び外層3のそれぞれの樹脂100質量部あたり30〜120質量部、好ましくは60〜100質量部である。
【0010】
又、内層2及び外層3の各々には、本発明の目的を損なうことが無い限り、着色剤、老化防止剤、滑剤等の種々の添加剤を必要に応じ加えることができ、その量はそれぞれの樹脂100質量部あたり0〜5質量部である。
【0011】
本発明の難燃性電線は、導体1の周囲に前記した内層2及び外層3の樹脂組成物を押出成形し、次いで電子線照射により架橋することにより容易に得ることができる。この場合、押出機としては、タンデム型の2台の押出機を用いて共押出可能なことから、単層の外皮を形成する場合に比べてコスト高を招くことなく難燃性電線を製造することができる。また、前記内層2及び外層3の架橋は、それらの層を構成する組成物にあらかじめシラン架橋剤を添加しておくこと等によっても行うことができる。
【0012】
前記内層2及び外層3の架橋率は、樹脂が不溶不融性になる架橋率であればよく、特に制約されないが、通常、ゲル分率(JASO規格)で表して、50%以上、好ましくは70%以上である。
【0013】
【実施例】
次に本発明を実施例によりさらに詳述する。なお、電線の耐溶着性及び柔軟性は、以下のテストにより測定された。
(1)耐溶着性テスト
電線サンプル(長さ250mm)を2本並べ、各端部50mmを残し、中央部150mmにハーネス用テープを巻成し、これを120℃の温度下に120時間放置する。次いで、引張試験機にて、その一方の端部に突出している2本の電線の各端部を相互にひき離すようにして引張り、その2本の電線を引き剥し、その際の剥れ力を測定する。この場合、その剥れ力の小さい程、耐溶着性の良いことを示す。
(2)柔軟性テスト
長さ40π(mm)以上の電線サンプルを、その一方の端部にロードセルを装着曲げ半径が40mmの半円形状が形成されるまで曲げ、その際の最大荷重を測定する。この場合、その最大荷重の小さいもの程柔軟性の良いことを示す。
【0014】
実施例1
撚り線の外周囲に対して、内層と外層とからなる外皮を形成して図1に示す構造の難燃性電線を作製した。この場合、撚り線1としては、直径0.32mmの銅線171本を撚った直径5.3mmのものを用いた。また、内層2を得るための基材樹脂組成物としては、エチルアクリレート単量体含有量が23質量%のエチレン−エチルアクリレート(EEA)90質量%と直鎖低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(LLDPE)(比重:0.92)10質量%との混合樹脂100質量部に対して、難燃剤として水酸化アルミニウム80質量部を配合したものを用いた。外層3を得るための基材樹脂組成物としては、上記と同じエチレン−エチレンアクリル(EEA)30質量%と上記と同じ直鎖低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(LLDPE)70質量%との混合樹脂100質量部に対して、難燃剤として水酸化アルミニウム80質量部を配合したものを用いた。撚り線1の外周囲に外皮4を形成した難燃性電線は、電子線照射して架橋化処理を施した。この場合、外層3のゲル分率は75%であり、内層2のゲル分率は80%であった。
【0015】
撚り線1の外周囲に対する外皮4の形成は、タンデム型の2台の押出機を用い、撚り線1の外周囲に対して、前記内層用樹脂組成物と外層用樹脂組成物を、通常の共押出法により押出すことによって作製した。この場合、内層2の厚みは0.9mmであり、外層3の厚みは0.2mmである。外層3の厚みに対する内層2の厚みの比は82:18である。このようにして得られた難燃性電線は、前期テストの結果、柔軟性に富むとともに、耐溶着性にもすぐれ、その外皮には溶着を生じなかった。
【0016】
比較例1
実施例1において、外層3の材料としてEEA90質量%とLLDPE10質量%からなる混合樹脂を用いた以外は同様にして実験を行った。この場合、得られた難燃性電線は、前期テストの結果、耐溶着性に劣るものであった。
【0017】
比較例2
実施例1において、内層2の材料としてEEA30質量%とLLDPE70質量%からなる混合樹脂を用いた以外は同様にして実験を行った。この場合、得られた難燃性電線は、前期テストの結果、柔軟性に劣るものであった。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、可とう性(柔軟性)にすぐれるとともに、耐熱性にもすぐれ、90〜120℃に加熱してその外皮に溶着性を生じることのない難燃性電線が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の電線の断面図を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 導体
2 内層
3 外層
4 外皮
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a flame-retardant electric wire, and more particularly to a flame-retardant electric wire that is suitably used for a power supply wire of a road vehicle using an internal combustion engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Cross-linked polyethylene resins obtained by cross-linking polyethylene, ethylene copolymers, or mixtures thereof are superior in heat resistance compared to vinyl chloride resins and do not have the problem of generation of harmful halogen-based gases during combustion as seen in vinyl chloride resins. For this reason, it is widely used as an electrically insulating resin material such as electric wires and cables. As an electric wire using such a crosslinked polyethylene resin as an electrically insulating resin material, for example, JP-A-10-106354 discloses that 90% or less of low-density polyethylene (hereinafter abbreviated as LDPE) and the remaining ethylene-ethyl acrylate. Household and residential electric wires are disclosed in which an insulating layer is an electrically insulating resin containing a resin component composed of an ethylene copolymer such as polymerization (hereinafter abbreviated as EEA) and a silane crosslinking agent. Also, examples of using cross-linked polyethylene resin insulating coating material for automotive wires, in JP-A-8-169991, EEA30parts by weight (hereinafter abbreviated as LLDPE) linear low density polyethylene 70parts by weight and the inorganic flame flame-retardant wire is disclosed comprising a skin made of retardant 80parts by mass to cover the conductor. Insulating coating materials for electric wires for automobiles are required to have excellent flame retardancy, excellent heat resistance, excellent flexibility, and excellent wear resistance. However, the fact is that the cross-linked polyethylene resin having such a degree that all the properties can be sufficiently satisfied has not been obtained yet. In order to ensure satisfactory flame retardancy, it is necessary to make the thickness of the outer skin relatively large as 1 mm or more and to use a large amount of inorganic flame retardant. When the LDPF (or LLDPE): EAAmass ratio is 50:50 or more, the flexibility (flexibility) decreases and wiring becomes difficult, or the surface is whitened or cracked when the wire is forcibly bent. Cause problems. This problem can be solved by lowering the LDPE (or LLDPE): EEA ratio (increasing the amount of EEA), but in this case, a new problem arises that the wires are fused at this time. Since the electric wire for automobiles is exposed to a high temperature, it is necessary to withstand a high temperature standing test at 120 ° C. However, a skin having a high EEA content cannot withstand a high temperature standing test.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a flame-retardant electric wire that is suitably used as an electric wire for automobiles and has excellent heat resistance and good flexibility (flexibility).
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, the flame retardant electric wire around the conductor was coated with an electrically insulating outer flame retardant, an outer skin, an ethylene - ethyl acrylate copolymer 70 to 90wt% with linear low density polyethylenedown trees an inner layer comprising the crosslinked product of the resin consisting of fat 30-10wt%, provided around the inner layer, linear low density polyethyleneemissions resins 90 to 70wt% ethylene - ethyl acrylate copolymer 10 to 30mass %, And the ratio of the thickness T2 of the inner layer to the thickness T3 of the outer layer, T2 : T3 is 50:50 to 90:10 A flame retardant electrical wire is provided.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a conductor, 2 is an inner layer, 3 is an outer layer, and 4 is an outer skin.
[0006]
Reference numeral 1 denotes a conductor such as a copper wire, which is composed of a plurality of stranded wires.Reference numeral 4 denotes a flame-retardant electrically insulating outer skin that covers the outer periphery of theconductor 1, and includes an inner layer 2 and an outer layer 3. When the flame-retardant electric wire of the present invention is used as an automobile electric wire, it is desirable that theouter skin 4 has a thickness of 1 to 2 mm. That is, the total thickness of the inner layer 2 and the outer layer 3 is desirably 1 to 2 mm. In this case, the ratio of the thicknessT 2 of the inner layer 2 to the thicknessT 3 of the outer layer3(T 2: T 3) of 50: 50-90: 10 and that is important in order to obtain the desired heat resistance and flexibility It is. This ratio (T2 : T3 ) is preferably in the range of 50:50 to 70:30.
[0007]
The inner layer 2 is an ethylene - including ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA) 70 to 90wt% with linear low density polyethyleneemission resins (LLDPE) made of 30-10wt% resin crosslinked. Conventionally used EEA can be used without limitation. EEA having an ethyl acrylate monomer unit content of 10 to 50% bymass , preferably 20 to 30% bymass , is generally used. The linear low density polyethyleneemission resins (LLDPE) in the present invention, conventionally known ones can be used, its specific gravity is from 0.910 to 0.930. The inner layer 2, the case of the present invention, those containing a crosslinked product of a resin consisting of EEA70~90wt% and LLDPE30~10wt% (i.e., EEA: LLDPEweight ratio is 70: 30 to 90: 10 in the range of ) Is preferable in terms of flexibility.
[0008]
The outer layer 3 contains a crosslinked product of a resin consisting of LLDPE90~70wt% and EEA10~30mass%. The outer layer 3 preferably has an LLDPE: EEAmass ratio in the range of 90:10 to 70:30 in terms of heat resistance and flexibility.
[0009]
Each of the inner layer 2 and the outer layer 3 is made into a flame-retardant electric wire by containing a flame retardant. As the flame retardant, metal hydroxide flame retardants such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and surface modified products thereof are usually used. The amount of the flame retardant used in the inner layer 2 and the outer layer 3 is usually 30 to 120 parts bymass , preferably 60 to 100 parts bymass , per 100 parts bymass of the resin of the inner layer 2 and the outer layer 3.
[0010]
Further, each of the inner layer 2 and the outer layer 3 can be added with various additives such as a colorant, an anti-aging agent, a lubricant, etc., as long as the purpose of the present invention is not impaired. 0 to 5parts by weight per 100parts by weight of the resin.
[0011]
The flame-retardant electric wire of the present invention can be easily obtained by extruding the resin composition of the inner layer 2 and the outer layer 3 around theconductor 1 and then crosslinking by electron beam irradiation. In this case, since the extruder can be co-extruded using two tandem extruders, a flame-retardant electric wire is manufactured without incurring a cost increase compared to the case of forming a single-layer skin. be able to. The inner layer 2 and the outer layer 3 can be cross-linked by adding a silane cross-linking agent to the composition constituting those layers in advance.
[0012]
The crosslinking rate of the inner layer 2 and the outer layer 3 is not particularly limited as long as it is a crosslinking rate at which the resin becomes insoluble and infusible, but is usually 50% or more, preferably expressed in gel fraction (JASO standard). 70% or more.
[0013]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. In addition, the welding resistance and flexibility of the electric wires were measured by the following tests.
(1) Welding resistance test Two electric wire samples (length: 250 mm) are arranged, leaving 50 mm at each end, winding a tape for harness around the central portion of 150 mm, and leaving this at 120 ° C. for 120 hours. . Next, the tensile tester is used to pull the two electric wires protruding from one end of the electric wire so that the two electric wires are separated from each other, and the two electric wires are peeled off. Measure. In this case, the smaller the peeling force, the better the welding resistance.
(2) Flexibility test A wire sample having a length of 40π (mm) or more is bent until a semicircular shape with a bending radius of 40 mm is formed at one end thereof, and the maximum load at that time is measured. . In this case, the smaller the maximum load, the better the flexibility.
[0014]
Example 1
A flame-retardant electric wire having a structure shown in FIG. 1 was produced by forming a skin made of an inner layer and an outer layer on the outer periphery of the stranded wire. In this case, as the strandedwire 1, a wire having a diameter of 5.3 mm obtained by twisting 171 copper wires having a diameter of 0.32 mm was used. As the base resin composition for obtaining the inner layer 2, ethyl acrylate monomer content of 23wt% ethylene - ethyl acrylate (EEA) 90wt% and linear low density polyethyleneemission resins (LLDPE) (Specific gravity: 0.92) What mixed 80mass parts of aluminum hydroxide as a flame retardant with respect to 100mass parts of mixed resin with 10mass % was used. As the base resin composition for obtaining the outer layer 3, the same ethylene as above - resin mixture of ethylene acrylic (EEA) 30wt% and the same linear 70wt% low density polyethyleneemission resins (LLDPE) and the 100 with respect tothe weight unit used it was blended 80parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide as a flame retardant. The flame-retardant electric wire in which theouter skin 4 was formed around the outer periphery of the strandedwire 1 was subjected to a crosslinking treatment by irradiation with an electron beam. In this case, the gel fraction of the outer layer 3 was 75%, and the gel fraction of the inner layer 2 was 80%.
[0015]
Theouter skin 4 is formed on the outer periphery of the strandedwire 1 by using two tandem extruders, and the inner layer resin composition and the outer layer resin composition are mixed with each other with respect to the outer periphery of the strandedwire 1. It was produced by extruding by a coextrusion method. In this case, the thickness of the inner layer 2 is 0.9 mm, and the thickness of the outer layer 3 is 0.2 mm. The ratio of the thickness of the inner layer 2 to the thickness of the outer layer 3 is 82:18. As a result of the previous test, the flame-retardant electric wire thus obtained was not only flexible but also resistant to welding, and no welding occurred on its outer skin.
[0016]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, except for using EEA90wt% and a mixed resin consisting of LLDPE10wt% as a material of the outer layer 3 is conducted experiments in the same manner. In this case, the obtained flame-retardant electric wire was inferior in welding resistance as a result of the previous test.
[0017]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, the experiments were carried out in the same manner except for using EEA30wt% and a mixed resin consisting of LLDPE70wt% as a material of the inner layer 2. In this case, the obtained flame-retardant electric wire was inferior in flexibility as a result of the previous test.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being excellent in flexibility (flexibility), it is excellent also in heat resistance, and the flame-retardant electric wire which does not produce weldability to the outer skin by heating to 90-120 degreeC is provided. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an electric wire of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Conductor 2 Inner layer 3Outer layer 4 Outer skin

Claims (2)

Translated fromJapanese
導体の周囲を難燃性の電気絶縁外皮で被覆した難燃性電線において、該外皮を、エチレン−エチルアクリレート共重合体70〜90質量%と直鎖低密度ポリエチレン樹脂30〜10質量%からなる樹脂の架橋体を含む内層と、該内層の周囲に設けた、直鎖低密度ポリエチレン樹脂90〜70質量%とエチレン−エチルアクリレート共重合体10〜30質量%からなる樹脂の架橋体を含む外層から構成するとともに、該外層の厚みTに対する内層の厚みTの比、T:Tを50:50〜90:10としたことを特徴とする難燃性電線。In the flame-retardant electric wire around coated with an electrically insulating outer sheath of flame-retardant conductors, the outer skin, ethylene - ethyl acrylate copolymer 70 to 90wt% with linear low density polyethyleneemissions resins 30 to 10wt% an inner layer comprising the crosslinked product of the resin consisting of, provided around the inner layer, linear low density polyethyleneemissions resins 90 to 70wt% ethylene - resin consisting of ethyl acrylate copolymer 10 to 30wt% crosslinking A flame retardant electric wire comprising an outer layer including a body and having a ratio T2 : T3 of 50:50 to 90:10 of a thickness T2 of the inner layer to a thickness T3 of the outer layer. 前記内層及び外層の各々が、金属水酸化物難燃剤をそれぞれの樹脂100質量部あたり30〜120質量部含む請求項1に記載の難燃性電線。The inner layer and each outer layer is flame-retardant wire according to claim 1 containing 30 to 120parts by weight each of the resin per 100parts by weight of a metal hydroxide flame retardant.
JP2000063492A2000-03-082000-03-08 Flame retardant wireExpired - Fee RelatedJP4174165B2 (en)

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JP4174165B2true JP4174165B2 (en)2008-10-29

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Publication numberPriority datePublication dateAssigneeTitle
JP2006253093A (en)*2005-03-142006-09-21Mitsubishi Cable Ind LtdElectric wire for automobile
JP4659624B2 (en)*2006-01-112011-03-30冨士電線株式会社 Fireproof cable
ITAR20130003A1 (en)*2013-01-172014-07-18Certaldese S P A PERFECT ELECTRICAL CABLE, PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR ENVIRONMENT FOR USE AND / OR OFFICE AND SIMILAR.

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