




【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
  本発明は,予め教示された教示プログラムに基づいて作業アームなどの作業手段を動作させる作業装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
  いわゆるティーチング・プレイバック方式の作業ロボット(作業装置)は,教示された教示プログラムに従って動作を忠実に再現することにより所定の作業を行う。ここで,上記教示プログラムは,一般に上記作業ロボットのアーム(作業手段)の移動軌跡上に間欠的に複数の教示点をとり,それらの教示点の位置を順次指定することにより記述される。またこの場合に,一周期分の動作を表す教示プログラムは,他の作業との連続性を確保するなどの理由から,動作開始点と動作終了点とが同一点となるように作成されることが多い。図5(a),(b)に,従来の作業装置A0における教示点の設定例を2つ示す。図5(a),(b)に示す教示点は,それぞれ教示プログラムP3,P4を構成する。ここで,31は作業アーム,32は上記作業アーム31の先端に設けられたハンド,33は上記作業アーム31を搭載する搬送台車である。尚,図5(a)と図5(b)とで同一位置に設定される教示点については同一符号を用いている。
  上記作業装置A0は,上記教示プログラムP3に従って動作する場合には,教示点S1→S2→…S9→S10(=S1)の順で動作し,上記教示プログラムP4に従って動作する場合には,教示点S1→S2′→…S9→S10(=S1)の順で動作する。また,例えば上記教示プログラムP3,P4の動作を連続的に行う場合には,単に上記2つの動作を連続させて教示点S1→S2→…S9→S10(=S1)→S2′→…S9→S10(=S1)の順で動作する。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
  しかしながら,上記従来の作業装置A0では,2つ以上の教示プログラムの動作を連続的に行わせる際に,各教示プログラム単独の動作を単に連続させているだけであるため,不必要な動作が実行されることによる作業効率の低下という問題点が生じていた。例えば,上記教示プログラムP3,P4の動作をそれぞれ単独で行わせる際に必要であったS9→S10(=S1)の軌跡は,それらの動作を連続的に行わせる際の各動作の接続部分では不必要であり,この不必要な軌跡を忠実に再現することでその分作業効率は低下してしまう。上記教示プログラムP3,P4の動作の接続部分では,上記教示点S10をスキップしてS9→S2′と動作させることによって不必要な動作が省略できる。もちろんこれは同一教示プログラムの動作を繰り返し行わせる際も全く同様である。
  尚,上記教示プログラムP3,P4などの他に,それらを連続させた上で上記教示点S10をスキップするような教示プログラムを別に作成することもできるが,これでは個別の教示プログラムのあらゆる組み合わせを考慮した教示プログラムを多数作成し,記憶しておかなければならないため,それに伴う作業量や記憶容量などを考えると現実的ではない。
  また,上記のような教示プログラムの連続処理の場合だけでなく,1つの教示プログラムであっても,途中の教示点をスキップさせて作業速度を速めたり,或いは全ての教示点を用いてきめ細かい動作を行わせたいというように,場合によって必要な教示点のみを選択したいといった要請もある。
  本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり,その目的とするところは,個々の動作を教示する教示プログラムを1つずつ用意するだけで,場合に応じて最適な動作を行わせることが可能な作業装置を提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
  上記目的を達成するために本発明は,所定の作業を行う作業手段と,上記作業手段の移動軌跡上に間欠的に設定された複数の教示点よりなる教示プログラムを作成する教示手段と,上記教示手段で作成された上記教示プログラムに基づいて上記作業手段の動作を制御する制御手段とを具備する作業装置において,上記教示手段が,上記教示プログラムにおける上記複数の教示点のうち,上記作業手段による動作開始点及び動作終了点である教示点に任意に通過させることができる選択点の属性を付加し,他の教示点に必ず通過しなければならない必須点の属性を付加した上で上記教示プログラムを作成し,上記制御手段が,上記作業手段に上記教示プログラムを繰り返して連続的に行わせる際,或いは上記作業手段に複数の上記教示プログラムを連続的に行わせる際に,上記必須点に挟まれた上記選択点の通過を省略して上記作業手段を動作させることを特徴とする作業装置として構成されている。これにより,教示プログラムを単独で,若しくは連続的に動作させる際のそれぞれにおいて最適となるような動作が実現され,作業効率の向上が可能である。
【0005】
【作用】
  本発明に係る作業装置によれば,上記教示プログラムにおける上記複数の教示点のうち,上記作業手段による動作開始点及び動作終了点である教示点に任意に通過させることができる選択点の属性を付加し,他の教示点に必ず通過しなければならない必須点の属性を付加した上で上記教示プログラムを作成し,上記作業手段に上記教示プログラムを繰り返して連続的に行わせる際,或いは上記作業手段に複数の上記教示プログラムを連続的に行わせる際に,上記必須点に挟まれた上記選択点の通過を省略して上記作業手段を動作させることにより,教示プログラムを単独で,若しくは連続的に動作させる際のそれぞれにおいて最適となるような動作が実現され,作業効率の向上が可能である。しかも,教示すべき教示プログラムの数は従来と変わらないため,記憶容量は上記属性を付加した分の僅かな増加だけに抑えることができ,また上記属性を付加する手間も新しく教示プログラムを作成する場合と比べると僅かである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
  以下添付図面を参照して,本発明の実施の形態につき説明し,本発明の理解に供する。尚,以下の実施の形態は本発明を具体化した一例であって,本発明の技術的範囲を限定する性格のものではない。
  ここに,図1は本発明の実施の形態に係る作業ロボットA1における異なる2つの動作における教示点の設定例,図2は上記作業ロボットA1のアーム制御系の概略構成を示すブロック図,及び上記教示点の意味を示す説明図,図3は上記作業ロボットA1において2つ以上の教示プログラムの動作を連続して行わせる際の教示点の選択規則を示す説明図,図4は図1に示す教示プログラムP1,P2の動作を連続的に行わせる際の移動点の通過順序を示す説明図である。
  本実施の形態に係る作業ロボットA1は,図1に示すように,上記従来の作業ロボットA0と同様,先端にハンド32を具備する作業アーム31と,上記作業アーム31を搭載する移動台車33とを具備して構成されている。また,図2に示すように,上記作業アーム31には,制御部2(制御手段)と教示部1(教示手段)とが接続されている。
【0007】
  上記教示部1は,上記制御部2を介して上記作業アーム31に所望の動作を行わせ,その時の上記ハンド32の移動軌跡上の点を順次教示点として記憶し,該教示点を用いて教示データを作成する。その際,各教示点には,必ず通過しなければならない必須点と,任意に通過させることができる選択点のいずれかの属性が付加される。ここで,上記必須点,選択点の属性が優先度の設定の一例である。
  図1(a),(b)に,上記教示部1による教示点の設定例を2つ示す。図1(a),(b)に示す教示点は,それぞれ教示プログラムP1,P2を構成する。尚,図1(a)と図1(b)とで同一位置に設定される教示点については同一符号を用いている。この例では,それぞれの教示プログラムにおいて,動作開始点S1と動作終了点S10とが選択点とされており,他は全て必須点とされている。
  実際の作業時には,上記制御部2により,上記教示部1で作成された上記教示プログラムに従って,教示時の動作が忠実に再現されるように上記作業アーム31の動作が制御されるが,その際に各教示点の属性が参照される。
  まず,上記教示プログラムP1単独で動作させる場合には,上記属性に関係なく全ての教示点を用いてS1→S2→…S9→S10(=S1)の順で動作させる。同様に,上記教示プログラムP2単独で動作させる場合にも,上記属性に関係なく全ての教示点を用いてS1→S2′→…S9→S10(=S1)の順で動作させる。
【0008】
  一方,例えば2つ以上の教示プログラムの動作を連続的に行わせる場合には,図3に示すように,必須点に挟まれた選択点はスキップさせる。即ち,例えば上記教示プログラムP1,P2を連続させる場合には,教示プログラムP1のS9(必須点)と教示プログラムP2のS2′(必須点)との間に2つの選択点S10,S1が挟まれるため,接続部分の上記S10,S1は通過せず,スキップされる。従って,実際の動作は図4R>4に示すような順序で実行され,連続動作では不必要なS9→S10(=S1)の軌跡が省略される。しかも,図4に示すような動作を教示した教示プログラムを別に用意しているわけではないため,教示プログラムを記憶するための記憶容量は上記属性を付加した分の僅かな増加だけに抑えることができ,また上記属性を付加する手間も新しく教示プログラムを作成する場合と比べると僅かである。もちろんこれは同一教示プログラムの動作を繰り返し行わせる際も全く同様である。
  以上説明したように,本実施の形態に係る作業ロボットA1では,各教示プログラムを構成する教示点に,必ず通過しなければならない必須点と,任意に通過させることができる選択点のいずれかの属性が付加され,実際の作業時には,2つ以上の教示プログラムの動作を連続的に行わせる際には,上記必須点に挟まれた上記選択点をスキップするように動作するため,教示プログラムを単独で,或いは連続的に動作させる際のそれぞれにおいて最適となるような動作が実現され,作業効率の向上が可能である。しかも,教示すべき教示プログラムの数は従来と変わらないため,記憶容量は上記属性を付加した分の僅かな増加だけに抑えることができ,また上記属性を付加する手間も新しく教示プログラムを作成する場合と比べると僅かである。
【0009】
【発明の効果】
  以上説明したように,本発明は,上記教示プログラムにおける上記複数の教示点のうち,上記作業手段による動作開始点及び動作終了点である教示点に任意に通過させることができる選択点の属性を付加し,他の教示点に必ず通過しなければならない必須点の属性を付加した上で上記教示プログラムを作成し,上記制御手段が,上記作業手段に上記教示プログラムを繰り返して連続的に行わせる際,或いは上記作業手段に複数の上記教示プログラムを連続的に行わせる際に,上記必須点に挟まれた上記選択点の通過を省略して上記作業手段を動作させることを特徴とする作業装置として構成されている。これにより,教示プログラムを単独で,若しくは連続的に動作させる際のそれぞれにおいて最適となるような動作が実現され,作業効率の向上が可能である。しかも,教示すべき教示プログラムの数は従来と変わらないため,記憶容量は上記属性を付加した分の僅かな増加だけに抑えることができ,また上記属性を付加する手間も新しく教示プログラムを作成する場合と比べると僅かである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】  本発明の実施の形態に係る作業ロボットA1における異なる2つの動作における教示点の設定例,及び上記教示点の意味を示す説明図。
【図2】  上記作業ロボットA1のアーム制御系の概略構成を示すブロック図。
【図3】  上記作業ロボットA1において2つ以上の教示プログラムの動作を連続して行わせる際の教示点の選択規則を示す説明図。
【図4】  図1に示す教示プログラムP1,P2の動作を連続的に行わせる際の移動点の通過順序を示す説明図。
【図5】  従来の作業ロボットA0における異なる2つの動作における教示点の設定例,及び上記教示点の意味を示す説明図。
【符号の説明】
  1…教示部(教示手段)
  2…制御部(制御手段)
  31…作業アーム(作業手段の一例)
  A1…作業ロボット(作業装置の一例)[0001]
 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
 The present invention relates to a working device that operates working means such as a working arm based on a teaching program taught in advance.
 [0002]
 [Prior art]
 A so-called teaching / playback type working robot (working device) performs a predetermined work by faithfully reproducing the operation in accordance with the taught teaching program. Here, the teaching program is generally described by taking a plurality of teaching points intermittently on the movement locus of the arm (working means) of the working robot and sequentially specifying the positions of the teaching points. In this case, the teaching program that represents the operation for one cycle must be created so that the operation start point and the operation end point are the same, for reasons such as ensuring continuity with other tasks. There are many. FIGS. 5A and 5B show two examples of teaching point setting in the conventional working device A0. The teaching points shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B constitute teaching programs P3 and P4, respectively. Here, 31 is a work arm, 32 is a hand provided at the tip of the
 When the work device A0 operates in accordance with the teaching program P3, it operates in the order of teaching points S1 → S2 →... S9 → S10 (= S1), and when operating in accordance with the teaching program P4, It operates in the order of S1 → S2 ′ →... S9 → S10 (= S1). For example, when the operations of the teaching programs P3 and P4 are continuously performed, the above two operations are simply continued to teach points S1, S2,... S9, S10 (= S1), S2 ',. It operates in the order of S10 (= S1).
 [0003]
 [Problems to be solved by the invention]
 However, in the above-described conventional work device A0, when two or more teaching programs are operated continuously, the operation of each teaching program is simply continued, so unnecessary operations are executed. As a result, there has been a problem that work efficiency is lowered. For example, the trajectory of S9 → S10 (= S1), which was necessary when the operations of the teaching programs P3 and P4 are performed independently, is the connection portion of each operation when the operations are continuously performed. It is unnecessary, and the work efficiency is lowered by faithfully reproducing this unnecessary trajectory. In the connection part of the operations of the teaching programs P3 and P4, unnecessary operations can be omitted by skipping the teaching point S10 and operating from S9 to S2 '. Of course, this is exactly the same when the operation of the same teaching program is repeated.
 In addition to the above teaching programs P3, P4, etc., it is also possible to create another teaching program that skips the teaching point S10 after making them continuous. Many teaching programs that have been taken into consideration must be created and stored, which is not realistic considering the amount of work and storage capacity involved.
 Moreover, not only in the case of continuous processing of the teaching program as described above, but also in one teaching program, the teaching point in the middle can be skipped to increase the work speed, or the detailed operation using all the teaching points can be performed. There are also requests to select only the necessary teaching points in some cases.
 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to prepare an instruction program for teaching each operation one by one, and to perform an optimal operation depending on the situation. It is to provide a possible working device.
 [0004]
 [Means for Solving the Problems]
 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a working means for performing a predetermined work, a teaching means for creating a teaching program comprising a plurality of teaching points intermittently set on a movement locus of the working means, And a control unit configured to control the operation of the working unit based on the teaching program created by the teaching unit, wherein the teaching unit includes the working unit among the plurality of teaching points in the teaching program. in terms of by adding an attribute of a selected point which can be passed through the optionally teaching point is the operation start point及beauty operation end point, obtained by adding attributes essential point that must necessarily pass to another teaching point The teaching program is created, and the control means causes the working means to repeatedly and continuously execute the teaching program, or the working means has a plurality of the teaching programs. To time of continuously performed, by omitting the passage of the selected point that is sandwiched the essential point is configured as a working device, characterized in that for operating the working means. Thereby, the operation | movement which becomes optimal in each when operating a teaching program independently or continuously is implement | achieved, and the improvement of work efficiency is possible.
 [0005]
 [Action]
 According to the working device according to the present invention, among the plurality of teaching points in the teaching program, the selected point which can be passed through the optionally teaching point is the operation start point及beauty operation ending point according to the working unit When adding the attribute and adding the attribute of the essential point that must be passed to other teaching points, creating the above teaching program and causing the working means to repeatedly execute the teaching program, or When the work means is caused to continuously execute a plurality of the teaching programs, the teaching means is operated alone by operating the working means without passing the selection points sandwiched between the essential points, or The optimum operation is realized in each of the continuous operations, and the work efficiency can be improved. Moreover, since the number of teaching programs to be taught is the same as before, the storage capacity can be suppressed to a slight increase corresponding to the addition of the above attributes, and a new teaching program is created with the effort of adding the above attributes. It is a little compared with the case.
 [0006]
 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiment is an example embodying the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
 Here, FIG. 1 is an example of setting teaching points in two different operations in the work robot A1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an arm control system of the work robot A1, and the above FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the meaning of teaching points, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing selection rules for teaching points when two or more teaching programs are continuously operated in the work robot A1, and FIG. 4 is shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the passage order of the movement point at the time of making the operation | movement of teaching program P1, P2 perform continuously.
 As shown in FIG. 1, the work robot A1 according to the present embodiment has a
 [0007]
 The
 FIGS. 1A and 1B show two examples of teaching point setting by the
 During actual work, the
 First, when the teaching program P1 is operated alone, it is operated in the order of S1 → S2 →... S9 → S10 (= S1) using all teaching points regardless of the attribute. Similarly, when the teaching program P2 is operated alone, it is operated in the order of S1 → S2 ′ →... S9 → S10 (= S1) using all the teaching points regardless of the attribute.
 [0008]
 On the other hand, for example, when the operation of two or more teaching programs is performed continuously, as shown in FIG. 3, selected points sandwiched between essential points are skipped. That is, for example, when the teaching programs P1 and P2 are made continuous, two selection points S10 and S1 are sandwiched between S9 (essential point) of the teaching program P1 and S2 ′ (essential point) of the teaching program P2. Therefore, the above S10 and S1 of the connection portion do not pass and are skipped. Accordingly, the actual operation is executed in the order shown in FIG. 4R> 4, and the locus of S9 → S10 (= S1) which is unnecessary in the continuous operation is omitted. Moreover, since a teaching program that teaches the operation as shown in FIG. 4 is not prepared separately, the storage capacity for storing the teaching program can be limited to a slight increase corresponding to the addition of the above attributes. In addition, the time required for adding the above-described attributes is also small compared to the case of creating a new teaching program. Of course, this is exactly the same when the operation of the same teaching program is repeated.
 As described above, in the work robot A1 according to the present embodiment, any of the indispensable points that must be passed to the teaching points that constitute each teaching program and the selection points that can be arbitrarily passed. At the time of actual work, when the operation of two or more teaching programs is performed continuously, the teaching program operates so as to skip the selection points sandwiched between the essential points. It is possible to improve the work efficiency by realizing the optimum operation in each of the cases of independent or continuous operation. Moreover, since the number of teaching programs to be taught is the same as before, the storage capacity can be suppressed to a slight increase corresponding to the addition of the above attributes, and a new teaching program is created with the effort of adding the above attributes. It is a little compared with the case.
 [0009]
 【The invention's effect】
 As described above, the present invention is, among the plurality of teaching points in the teaching program, the selected point which can be passed through the optionally teaching point is the operation start point及beauty operation ending point according to the working unit An attribute is added, the attribute of the essential point that must be passed to other teaching points is added, the teaching program is created, and the control means repeats the teaching program on the working means and continuously When performing the operation, or causing the operation means to continuously execute the plurality of teaching programs, the operation means is operated without passing the selection point sandwiched between the essential points. It is configured as a working device. As a result, an operation that is optimal in each case where the teaching program is operated alone or continuously is realized, and the work efficiency can be improved. Moreover, since the number of teaching programs to be taught is the same as in the past, the storage capacity can be limited to a slight increase corresponding to the addition of the above attributes, and a new teaching program is created with the effort of adding the above attributes. It is a little compared with the case.
 [Brief description of the drawings]
 FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of teaching point settings in two different operations in a work robot A1 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the meaning of the teaching point.
 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an arm control system of the work robot A1.
 FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a teaching point selection rule when two or more teaching programs are continuously operated in the work robot A1.
 FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a passing order of moving points when the operations of the teaching programs P1 and P2 shown in FIG. 1 are continuously performed.
 FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a setting example of teaching points in two different operations in the conventional work robot A0 and the meaning of the teaching points.
 [Explanation of symbols]
 1 ... Teaching part (teaching means)
 2. Control unit (control means)
 31 ... Working arm (an example of working means)
 A1 ... Working robot (an example of a working device)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03307798AJP3794152B2 (en) | 1998-02-16 | 1998-02-16 | Work equipment | 
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03307798AJP3794152B2 (en) | 1998-02-16 | 1998-02-16 | Work equipment | 
| Publication Number | Publication Date | 
|---|---|
| JPH11226888A JPH11226888A (en) | 1999-08-24 | 
| JP3794152B2true JP3794152B2 (en) | 2006-07-05 | 
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date | 
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03307798AExpired - Fee RelatedJP3794152B2 (en) | 1998-02-16 | 1998-02-16 | Work equipment | 
| Country | Link | 
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3794152B2 (en) | 
| Publication number | Publication date | 
|---|---|
| JPH11226888A (en) | 1999-08-24 | 
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