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JP3710698B2 - Ni-Ti-Zr Ni-based amorphous alloy - Google Patents

Ni-Ti-Zr Ni-based amorphous alloy
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JP3710698B2
JP3710698B2JP2000291614AJP2000291614AJP3710698B2JP 3710698 B2JP3710698 B2JP 3710698B2JP 2000291614 AJP2000291614 AJP 2000291614AJP 2000291614 AJP2000291614 AJP 2000291614AJP 3710698 B2JP3710698 B2JP 3710698B2
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amorphous
alloy
amorphous alloy
based amorphous
supercooled liquid
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JP2002105608A (en
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明久 井上
涛 張
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Translated fromJapanese

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、非晶質形成能が高く、機械的性質および化学的性質に優れたNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
Ni基非晶質合金では、従来、主に、磁気的性質について着目した研究が行われてきた。これらのNi基非晶質合金は、Ni−半金属(Si,B,P,C)系で示される組成を有し、主に単ロール法により作製されたリボン状材料で研究がなされた。
【0003】
一方、本発明者らは、実使用を鑑みた大形状Ni基非晶質合金、言い換えれば非晶質形成能に優れたNi基非晶質合金に関する研究開発を進め、Ni−Si−BまたはNi−Si−B−X(X=Fe,Mn,Cr,Ti,Zr,Al,V,Mo,Nbの1種以上)組成の非晶質と結晶質との混相からなる合金(特開平5−70903号公報、特開平5−287470号公報)、Ni−P−M(M=Ti,Zr,Hf,Nb,Taの1種以上)組成の非晶質相を体積%で90%以上含む合金(特開2000−87197号公報)を発明した。
【0004】
また、Ti系非晶質合金は、他の非晶質合金に比べ格段に優れた耐食性を有し、人体への悪影響も少ないため、新しいタイプの非晶質合金として構造材料、医用材料、化学材料等の分野への応用が期待されており、50℃以上の過冷却液体領域と1000MPaを超える強度を兼ね備えたTi−Ni−Cu−(Fe,Co、Ζr、Hf)系非晶質合金が開発され、公知となっている(特開平6−264199号公報および特開平6−264200号公報)。
【0005】
本発明者らは、Ti−TM系[TM:Fe、Co、NiおよびCuよりなる群から選択される1種または2種以上の元素]に特定量のZr、およびAl、Si、SnおよびSbよりなる群から選択される1種または2種以上の元素を添加した合金組成からなり、実用に耐え得る強度と大きな非晶質形成能を兼ね備えたTi系非晶質合金を見出し、特許出願した(WO99/49095号公報)。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
Ni系非晶質合金は、他の非晶質合金に比べて高い結晶化温度を示すため、高耐熱性を有する新しいタイプの非晶質合金として構造材料、化学材料等の分野への応用が期待されている。また、Ti系非晶質合金は、構造材料、医用材料、化学材料等の分野への応用が期待されている。
【0007】
しかしながら、従来のNi基非晶質合金では、単ロール法、ガスアトマイズ法によって作製できる非晶質合金は、薄帯、粉末状に形状が限られている。そのため、得られたNi基非晶質合金は、工業的な観点から用途に制約を受けている。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、本発明者らは、上述のNi基非晶質合金の課題を解決するために、実用に耐え得る強度と実用寸法が実現できる非晶質形成能を兼備した新規な非晶質合金材料を提供することを目的として鋭意研究した結果、TiおよびZr含有量の多いNi−Ti−Zr−系合金組成において、上述のNi基非晶質合金の性能とTi系非晶質合金に類似の性能を具備した過冷却液体領域の大きい非晶質合金が得られることを見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明は、式:Ni100-a-b-cTia Zrbc[式中、Mは、Sn、またはSnおよびBであり、a、bおよびcは、それぞれ原子%を表し、15≦a≦30(ただし、a=30を除く)、5≦b≦30、2≦c≦7、40≦a+b+c≦60を満足する]で示される組成を有し、30K以上の過冷却液体領域と0.55以上の換算ガラス化温度を有する非晶質相を体積百分率で50%以上含むNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金である。
【0010】
本発明のNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金は、30K以上の過冷却液体領域と0.55以上の換算ガラス化温度を有する。
【0011】
本明細書中の「過冷却液体領域」とは、毎分40℃の加熱速度で示差走査熱量分析を行うことにより得られるガラス遷移温度と結晶化温度の差で定義されるもので、「換算ガラス化温度」は、上述の熱量分析で得られたガラス遷移温度を合金の融点で除した数値で定義されるものである。「過冷却液体領域」は、加工性を示す数値、「換算ガラス化温度」は、非晶質化し易さを表す数値である。
【0012】
上述の「過冷却液体領域」および「換算ガラス化温度」の規定により、本発明のNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金は、公知のNi基非晶質合金に比べて大幅に非晶質形成能が改善され、塊状材料の製造が可能となる。よって、本発明の合金の組成範囲においては、例えば、金型鋳造法により直径1mmの線状の非晶質相を体積百分率で50%以上含む非晶質合金塊が容易に得られる。
【0013】
金属元素より構成される合金は、非晶質化することにより一般にその機械的性質が向上するが、本発明のNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金においては、塊状材料で1,750MPaを超える引張強さを持った非晶質相100%のものが容易に得られるが、機械的強度を考慮して、結晶相を含む結晶粒子分散型非晶質としてもよい。その際、非晶質相は体積百分率で50%より少ないと材料が脆くなって機械的強度が低下するので50%以上でなければならない。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の好ましい実施態様を説明する。本発明のNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金の組成式において、Mは、Sn、またはSnおよびBであり、非晶質を形成する基本となる元素である。これらの元素の含有量は、2〜7原子%の範囲とする。2原子%未満では、冷却速度の大きな片ロール法によって非晶質相は形成するものの、非晶質形成能は改善されず、金型鋳造等の方法で非晶質合金塊は得られない。また、7原子%超では過冷却液体領域を示さなくなり、非晶質相の占める体積百分率が小さくなる。
【0015】
TiおよびZrは、本発明の合金の基幹となる元素で、非晶質形成能を大幅に高める効果を有する。Tiの含有量は15原子%から30原子%の範囲とする。Tiの含有量が30原子%を超えても過冷却液体領域は30Kより大きいが、換算ガラス化温度が小さくなり非晶質相の体積百分率が50%以上の非晶質相が得られなくなる。
【0016】
また、Zrの含有量は5原子%から30原子%の範囲とする。これら以外の組成範囲では、換算ガラス化温度と過冷却液体領域が十分でない。より好ましい範囲は10〜25原子%である。
【0017】
Ti、Zr、M元素の合計の含有量を示すa+b+cの合計の値は40〜60とする。すなわち、Niの量は40〜60原子%の範囲とする。Niの量がこれ以外の範囲では、換算ガラスか温度と過冷却液体領域が十分でない。また、強度、延性、硬度などの所望の機械的性質が得られない。
【0018】
本発明の合金は、従来のNi基非晶質合金から格段の非晶質形成能の改善がなされているため、好ましくは溶融合金を金型に充填することにより断面形状が円の場合、直径1mm以上、すなわち断面積が0.78mm2 以上の円柱状の非晶質合金塊を得ることができる。さらに、金型形状を変えることにより任意の形状の断面積0.78mm2 以上の非晶質合金塊を得ることもできる。
【0019】
例えば、代表的な金型鋳造法においては、合金を石英管中でアルゴン雰囲気中で溶融した後、溶融合金を噴出圧0.5〜2.0kg/cm2 で銅製の金型内に充填凝固させることにより非晶質合金塊を得ることができる。
【0020】
本発明のNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金は、溶融状態から片ロール法、双ロール法、回転液中紡糸法、アトマイズ法等の種々の方法で冷却固化させ、薄帯状、フィラメント状、粉粒体状の非晶質固体を得ることもできる。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。表1に示す合金組成からなる材料(実施例1〜11、比較例1〜5)を、片ロール法および金型鋳造法により薄帯状および直径1mmの合金塊材料を作製した。薄帯状材料のガラス遷移温度(Tg)、結晶化開始温度(Tx)、融点(Tm)を示差走査熱量分析により測定した。これらの値より過冷却液体領域(Tx−Tg)および換算ガラス化温度(Tg/Tm)を算出した。
【0022】
また、金型鋳造法により作製した直径1mmの合金塊の非晶質化の確認をX線回折法および材料断面の光学顕微鏡観察により行った。また、材料中に含まれる非晶質相の体積百分率(Vf−amo)は、示差走査熱量分析を用いて結晶化の際の発熱量を完全非晶質化した片ロール箔帯との比較により評価した。さらに、引張試験片を機械加工により作製し、引張試験により破断強度(σf)を評価した。また、ヤング率E(GPa)、ビッカース硬さ(Hv)を測定した。
【0023】
【表1】

Figure 0003710698
【0024】
表1より明らかなように、実施例1〜の非晶質合金は、30K以上の過冷却液体領域と0.55以上の換算ガラス化温度を示すとともに、直径1mm以上の非晶質合金棒においても1,750MPaを超える破断強度を示す。
【0025】
比較例1の合金は、Μ群の元素を含有しないため、過冷却液体領域と換算ガラス化温度はそれぞれ、20Kと0.5であり、直径0.5mm以下の非晶質合金棒しか得られなかった。
【0026】
図1に、実施例1、2の非晶質合金の機械的性質を図示する。Ti対Zrの比ではTiの含有量が多いほど機械的性質が優れていることが分かる。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明のNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金は、30K以上の過冷却液体領域と0.55以上の換算ガラス化温度を示すとともに、直径1mmの非晶質合金塊においても1,750MPaを超える強度を示すものであり、ガラス形成能、加工性、機械的強度に優れたNi−Ti−Ti系Ni基非晶質合金を提供できた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、実施例1、2の非晶質合金の機械的性質を示すグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an amorphous forming ability is high, about Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloy having excellent mechanical properties and chemical properties.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the case of Ni-based amorphous alloys, conventionally, research mainly focusing on magnetic properties has been performed. These Ni-based amorphous alloys have a composition represented by the Ni-metalloid (Si, B, P, C) system, and have been studied mainly with ribbon-like materials produced by a single roll method.
[0003]
On the other hand, the present inventors proceeded with research and development on a large Ni-based amorphous alloy in view of practical use, in other words, an Ni-based amorphous alloy having excellent amorphous forming ability, and Ni-Si-B or Ni—Si—B—X (X = one or more of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ti, Zr, Al, V, Mo, and Nb) alloy composed of a mixed phase of amorphous and crystalline (JP-A-5 -70903, JP-A-5-287470), Ni-PM (M = one or more of Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta) composition containing 90% or more by volume% An alloy (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-87197) was invented.
[0004]
In addition, Ti-based amorphous alloys have much better corrosion resistance than other amorphous alloys and have less adverse effects on the human body, so structural materials, medical materials, chemical Application to fields such as materials is expected, and Ti—Ni—Cu— (Fe, Co, 過 r, Hf) -based amorphous alloys having a supercooled liquid region of 50 ° C. or higher and a strength exceeding 1000 MPa are available. It has been developed and is publicly known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 6-264199 and 6-264200).
[0005]
The inventors of the present invention have a specific amount of Zr, and Al, Si, Sn, and Sb in a Ti-TM system [TM: one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu]. A Ti-based amorphous alloy comprising an alloy composition to which one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of the elements are added, having a strength that can withstand practical use and a large amorphous forming ability, has been filed for a patent. (WO99 / 49095).
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Ni-based amorphous alloys exhibit a higher crystallization temperature than other amorphous alloys, so they can be applied to fields such as structural materials and chemical materials as a new type of amorphous alloy with high heat resistance. Expected. Ti-based amorphous alloys are expected to be applied to fields such as structural materials, medical materials, and chemical materials.
[0007]
However, in a conventional Ni-based amorphous alloy, the amorphous alloy that can be produced by a single roll method or a gas atomizing method is limited in the shape of a ribbon or powder. Therefore, the obtained Ni-based amorphous alloy is restricted in use from an industrial viewpoint.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the Ni-based amorphous alloy, the present inventors have developed a novel amorphous alloy material that has both an amorphous forming ability capable of realizing a practical strength and a practical size. As a result of diligent research aimed at providing a Ni-Ti-Zr-based alloy composition with a high Ti and Zr content, the performance of the Ni-based amorphous alloy described above is similar to that of the Ti-based amorphous alloy. It has been found that an amorphous alloy having performance and a large supercooled liquid region can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
[0009]
That is, the present invention has the formula: inNi 100-abc Ti a Zr b M c [ wherein, Mis Sn or aSn and B,, a, b and c each represent an atomic%, 15 ≦ a ≦ 30(except for a = 30), 5 ≦ b ≦ 30,2 ≦ c ≦ 7,40 ≦ a + b + c ≦ 60have a composition represented by satisfactory]a, 30K or more supercooled liquid region and 0 an amorphous phase having a.55 or more reduced glass temperature volume percentage is Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloy containing 50% or more.
[0010]
Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloys of the present invention have a 30K or more supercooled liquid region and 0.55 or more reduced glass temperature.
[0011]
The “supercooled liquid region” in this specification is defined by the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization temperature obtained by performing differential scanning calorimetry at a heating rate of 40 ° C. per minute. The “vitrification temperature” is defined by a numerical value obtained by dividing the glass transition temperature obtained by the above calorimetric analysis by the melting point of the alloy. The “supercooled liquid region” is a numerical value indicating workability, and the “equivalent vitrification temperature” is a numerical value indicating the ease of becoming amorphous.
[0012]
The provisions of the above "supercooled liquid region" and "reduced glass temperature", Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloy of the present invention is significantly non-over known Ni-based amorphous alloy The crystal-forming ability is improved, and it becomes possible to produce a bulk material. Therefore, in the composition range of the alloy of the present invention, for example, an amorphous alloy lump containing a linear amorphous phase having a diameter of 1 mm in a volume percentage of 50% or more can be easily obtained by a die casting method.
[0013]
Alloy composed of a metal element is generally its mechanical properties improved by amorphization, in Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloy of the present invention, in bulk material 1,750MPa A 100% amorphous phase having a tensile strength exceeding 10% can be easily obtained, but in view of mechanical strength, it may be a crystal particle dispersed amorphous containing a crystalline phase. At this time, if the volume percentage of the amorphous phase is less than 50%, the material becomes brittle and the mechanical strength is lowered, so it must be 50% or more.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the composition formula of Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloy of the present invention,M, Sn or aSn and B,, it is an element serving as a basis for forming an amorphous. The content ofthese elements is in the range of 2 to 7 atomic%. If it is less than 2 atomic%, an amorphous phase is formed by the single roll method with a high cooling rate, but the amorphous forming ability is not improved, and an amorphous alloy lump cannot be obtained by a method such as die casting. If it exceeds 7 atomic%, the supercooled liquid region is not shown, and the volume percentage occupied by the amorphous phase becomes small.
[0015]
Ti and Zr are elements serving as the basis of the alloy of the present invention, and have the effect of significantly increasing the amorphous forming ability. The Ti content is in the range of 15 atomic% to 30 atomic%. Even if the Ti content exceeds 30 atomic%, the supercooled liquid region is larger than 30K, but the converted vitrification temperature becomes low, and an amorphous phase having an amorphous phase volume percentage of 50% or more cannot be obtained.
[0016]
The Zr content is in the range of 5 atomic% to 30 atomic%. In a composition range other than these, the converted vitrification temperature and the supercooled liquid region are not sufficient. A more preferable range is 10 to 25 atomic%.
[0017]
The total value of a + b + c indicating the total content of Ti, Zr, and M elements is 40-60. That is, the amount of Ni is in the range of 40 to 60 atomic%. When the amount of Ni is other than this range, the conversion glass or temperature and the supercooled liquid region are not sufficient. In addition, desired mechanical properties such as strength, ductility and hardness cannot be obtained.
[0018]
Since the alloy of the present invention has a remarkable improvement in the amorphous forming ability compared with the conventional Ni-based amorphous alloy, it is preferable that when the cross-sectional shape is a circle by filling the mold with a molten alloy, the diameter is A cylindrical amorphous alloy ingot having a cross-sectional area of 1 mm or more, that is, 0.78 mm2 or more can be obtained. Furthermore, an amorphous alloy lump having a cross-sectional area of 0.78 mm2 or more having an arbitrary shape can be obtained by changing the mold shape.
[0019]
For example, in a typical mold casting method, after melting an alloy in a quartz tube in an argon atmosphere, the molten alloy is filled and solidified in a copper mold at an ejection pressure of 0.5 to 2.0 kg / cm2. By doing so, an amorphous alloy lump can be obtained.
[0020]
Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloy of the present invention, single roll method from the molten state, double roll method, rotating liquid spinning method, and cooled and solidified by various methods such as atomizing method, a thin strip, filament And powdery amorphous solids can also be obtained.
[0021]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below. A material having an alloy composition shown in Table 1 (Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5) was formed into an alloy lump material having a strip shape and a diameter of 1 mm by a single roll method and a die casting method. The glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization start temperature (Tx), and melting point (Tm) of the ribbon-like material were measured by differential scanning calorimetry. From these values, the supercooled liquid region (Tx−Tg) and the converted vitrification temperature (Tg / Tm) were calculated.
[0022]
In addition, confirmation of amorphization of the alloy lump with a diameter of 1 mm produced by the mold casting method was performed by X-ray diffraction method and observation of the material cross section with an optical microscope. Moreover, the volume percentage (Vf-amo) of the amorphous phase contained in the material is obtained by comparing the calorific value at the time of crystallization with a single roll foil strip that is completely amorphized by using differential scanning calorimetry. evaluated. Furthermore, tensile test pieces were produced by machining, and the breaking strength (σf) was evaluated by a tensile test. Further, Young's modulus E (GPa) and Vickers hardness (Hv) were measured.
[0023]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003710698
[0024]
As is apparent from Table 1, the amorphous alloys of Examples 1 to4 show a supercooled liquid region of 30 K or more and a converted vitrification temperature of 0.55 or more, and an amorphous alloy rod having a diameter of 1 mm or more. Also shows a breaking strength exceeding 1,750 MPa.
[0025]
Since the alloy of Comparative Example 1 does not contain a group of elements, the supercooled liquid region and the converted vitrification temperature are 20 K and 0.5, respectively, and only an amorphous alloy rod having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less can be obtained. There wasn't.
[0026]
FIG. 1 illustrates the mechanical properties of the amorphous alloys ofExamples 1 and 2 . The ratio of Ti to Zr shows that the greater the Ti content, the better the mechanical properties.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloy of the present invention, along with showing the 30K or more supercooled liquid region and 0.55 or more reduced glass temperature, 1 even in the amorphous alloy ingot with a diameter of 1 mm, and shows the strength of greater than 750 MPa, was able to provide a glass-forming ability, processability, Ni-Ti-TiNi-based amorphous alloy having excellent mechanical strength.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of the amorphous alloys ofExamples 1 and 2. FIG.

Claims (1)

Translated fromJapanese
式:Ni100-a-b-cTia Zrbc[式中、Mは、Sn、またはSnおよびBであり、a、bおよびcは、それぞれ原子%を表し、15≦a≦30(ただし、a=30を除く)、5≦b≦30、2≦c≦7、40≦a+b+c≦60を満足する]で示される組成を有し、30K以上の過冷却液体領域と0.55以上の換算ガラス化温度を有する非晶質相を体積百分率で50%以上含むNi−Ti−Zr系Ni基非晶質合金。Formula: Ni100-abc Tia Zrb Mc [wherein, M isSn, or Sn and B , a, b and c each represent atomic%, and 15 ≦ a ≦ 30(where a = excluding 30), 5 ≦ b ≦ 30,2 ≦ c ≦ 7,40 ≦ a + b + c ≦ 60have a composition represented by satisfactory]a, 30K or more supercooled liquid region and 0.55 or more reduced glass Ni-Ti-Zr-basedNi-based amorphous alloy containing more than 50% amorphous phase in volume percentage withtemperature.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication numberPriority datePublication dateAssigneeTitle
CN105132835A (en)*2015-09-142015-12-09西北工业大学(Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr)-Sn amorphous composite and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication numberPriority datePublication dateAssigneeTitle
CN105132835A (en)*2015-09-142015-12-09西北工业大学(Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr)-Sn amorphous composite and preparation method thereof

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