JP2021063930A - Fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope which can easily align a microscope to a portion for observing a blood flow of capillary of fingertip of a hand of a subject, suppress blur of a finger when observing, and easily observe the blood flow of capillary of fingertip only by focusing the microscope.SOLUTION: A fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope includes: a first holding member 20 and a second holding member 30 which can rotate around a rotary shaft 10; finger housing sections 41 and 42 which are provided on inner surfaces of a holding section 21 of the first holding member 20 and a holding section 31 of the second holding member 30 which face each other; a microscope body 60 having a focusing function which is attached to the second holding member 30 so that a tip faces the holding section 21 of the first holding member 20; and a cuticle stopper 70 provided on the inner surface of the holding section 31 of the second holding member 30. An optical axis of the microscope body 60 is configured to match a nail root section adjacent to a cuticle of a fingernail in a state where a tip of the cuticle stopper 70 is caught by the cuticle of the fingernail.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Translated fromJapanese

この発明は、指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡に関し、特に、手の指先の毛細血管の血流を観察するのに用いて好適なものである。 The present invention relates to a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope, and is particularly suitable for observing blood flow in the capillaries of the fingertips of a hand.

従来、手の指先などの毛細血管の血流を観察する装置として血流観察用デジタルマイクロスコープが知られており、市販されている（非特許文献１参照。）。この血流観察用デジタルマイクロスコープは、顕微鏡（マイクロスコープ）とモニター（ディスプレイ）とを組み合わせたものである。この血流観察用デジタルマイクロスコープにより手の指先の毛細血管の血流を観察する方法は次の通りである。すなわち、まず、顕微鏡の直下の観察台に設けられた指置きに利き手の反対側の手の薬指を置く。薬指には事前に乱反射防止用オイルを塗布しておく。指置きには指の形状に合わせてＵ字形の溝が形成されている。そして、指置きに指を置いた状態で、顕微鏡の先端を左右前後に移動し、かつ被験者の指も動かしながら指の爪の甘皮の直ぐ後方の部分の表面に接近させる。その後、モニターを見ながら顕微鏡の鏡筒に取り付けられたピント調節ねじと被験者の指移動で皮膚直下の毛細血管の映像が出るように位置とピントを調節する。 Conventionally, a digital microscope for observing blood flow has been known as a device for observing blood flow in capillaries such as the fingertips of a hand, and is commercially available (see Non-Patent Document 1). This digital microscope for observing blood flow is a combination of a microscope (microscope) and a monitor (display). The method of observing the blood flow in the capillaries of the fingertips of the hand with this digital microscope for observing blood flow is as follows. That is, first, the ring finger of the hand opposite to the dominant hand is placed on the finger rest provided on the observation table directly under the microscope. Apply anti-diffuse oil to the ring finger in advance. A U-shaped groove is formed on the finger rest to match the shape of the finger. Then, with the finger placed on the finger rest, the tip of the microscope is moved left and right and back and forth, and the subject's finger is also moved to approach the surface of the portion immediately behind the cuticle of the fingernail. Then, while looking at the monitor, adjust the position and focus so that the image of the capillaries just below the skin appears by moving the focus adjustment screw attached to the lens barrel of the microscope and the subject's finger.

［平成３１年３月１日検索］、インターネット〈ＵＲＬ：http://www.gokocamera.com/ev/bscan-z.php〉[Search on March 1, 2019], Internet <URL: http://www.gokocamera.com/ev/bscan-z.php>

非特許文献１に記載された血流観察用デジタルマイクロスコープでは、血流を鮮明に観察することができるのは、爪の甘皮からコンマ数ミリ以内の爪根部の表皮であるため、そこに顕微鏡を位置合わせすることが重要である。しかしながら、指サイズや爪サイズの個人差が大きく、かつ観察時には指置きに指を置くだけであるため、初期位置合わせやピント合わせだけでも大変である。しかも、観察中に呼吸などにより体がぶれるため観察対象の指も上下左右に移動してしまうことからその都度位置合わせやピント合わせが必要となることにより、毛細血管の血流を鮮明に観察するためには操作に熟練が必要であった。 With the digital microscope for observing blood flow described in Non-Patent Document 1, blood flow can be clearly observed only in the epidermis of the nail root within a few millimeters from the cuticle of the nail. It is important to align. However, since individual differences in finger size and nail size are large, and only the finger is placed on the finger rest during observation, it is difficult to perform initial alignment and focusing. Moreover, since the body shakes due to breathing during observation, the finger to be observed also moves up, down, left and right, and it is necessary to align and focus each time, so that the blood flow in the capillaries can be clearly observed. In order to do so, skill was required for the operation.

そこで、この発明が解決しようとする課題は、被験者の手の指先の毛細血管の血流を観察しようとする部位に顕微鏡を簡単に位置合わせすることができ、しかも観察時の指のぶれを抑制することができ、顕微鏡のピントを合わせるだけで容易に指先の毛細血管の血流を観察することができる指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡を提供することである。 Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the microscope can be easily positioned at the site where the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertips of the subject is to be observed, and the shaking of the finger during observation is suppressed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope capable of easily observing the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertip simply by focusing the microscope.

上記課題を解決するために、この発明は、
回動軸の周りに回動可能かつ初期位置に復元可能に構成された第１挟持部材および第２挟持部材と、
上記第１挟持部材の挟持部および上記第２挟持部材の挟持部の互いに対向する内面に設けられた、上記第１挟持部材の上記挟持部と上記第２挟持部材の上記挟持部との間に上記回動軸に垂直な方向から被験者の手の、指先の毛細血管の血流を観察しようとする指を挿入したときに当該指を当該指に垂直でかつ上記回動軸に平行な方向に拘束した状態で収容する指収容部と、
先端部が上記第１挟持部材の上記挟持部に臨むように上記第２挟持部材に取り付けられたピント合わせ機能を有する顕微鏡本体と、
上記第２挟持部材の上記挟持部の内面に設けられた、上記第１挟持部材の上記挟持部と上記第２挟持部材の上記挟持部との間に上記指を挟持したときに、上記指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛かることにより上記第１挟持部材および上記第２挟持部材に対する上記指の長手方向前方への移動を阻止する甘皮ストッパーとを有し、
上記甘皮ストッパーの先端が上記指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛った状態において、上記顕微鏡本体の光軸が上記指の爪の甘皮に隣接する爪根部に合うように構成されている指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡である。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
A first holding member and a second holding member configured to be rotatable around a rotation shaft and reversible to the initial position,
Between the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member provided on the inner surfaces of the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member facing each other. When a finger for observing the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertip of the subject's hand is inserted from a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, the finger is placed in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to the rotation axis. A finger accommodating part that accommodates in a restrained state,
A microscope main body having a focusing function attached to the second holding member so that the tip portion faces the holding portion of the first holding member.
When the finger is sandwiched between the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member provided on the inner surface of the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member, the finger It has a cuticle stopper that prevents the finger from moving forward in the longitudinal direction with respect to the first holding member and the second holding member by being caught on the cuticle of the nail.
When the tip of the cuticle stopper is caught on the cuticle of the fingernail, the optical axis of the microscope body is configured to be aligned with the nail root portion adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail. It is an observation microscope.

この指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡においては、第１挟持部材の挟持部と反対側の端部（操作部）と、第２挟持部材の挟持部と反対側の端部（操作部）とを手の指でつまんで力を加えることにより第１挟持部材および第２挟持部材を回動軸の周りに回動させて第１挟持部材の挟持部と第２挟持部材の挟持部とを互いに離し、この状態で被験者の手の、指先の毛細血管の血流の観察を行おうとする指を第１挟持部材の挟持部および第２挟持部材の挟持部の指収容部に挿入した後、第１挟持部材の挟持部と反対側の端部（操作部）と、第２挟持部材の挟持部と反対側の端部（操作部）とに力を加えるのを止め、第１挟持部材および第２挟持部材を回動軸の周りに逆方向に回動させることにより指収容部に指が収容された状態で第１挟持部材の挟持部と第２挟持部材の挟持部との間に指を挟持する。このように第１挟持部材の挟持部と第２挟持部材の挟持部との間に指を挟持したまま指を少し前進させることにより指の爪の甘皮が甘皮ストッパーの先端に引っ掛かるようにする。この状態で顕微鏡本体のピントを合わせて指先の毛細血管の血流を観察する。 In this fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope, the end portion (operating portion) opposite to the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the end portion (operating portion) opposite to the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member are held by hand. By pinching with the fingers and applying force, the first holding member and the second holding member are rotated around the rotation axis to separate the holding portion of the first holding member and the holding portion of the second holding member from each other. In this state, the finger for observing the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertips of the subject's hand is inserted into the finger accommodating portion of the first sandwiching member and the second sandwiching member, and then the first pinching member. Stop applying force to the end (operating part) on the side opposite to the holding part of the member and the end (operating part) on the opposite side of the holding part of the second holding member, and stop applying force to the first holding member and the second holding member. By rotating the member in the opposite direction around the rotation axis, the finger is sandwiched between the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member in a state where the finger is accommodated in the finger accommodating portion. .. In this way, the cuticle of the fingernail is caught on the tip of the cuticle stopper by slightly advancing the finger while holding the finger between the holding portion of the first holding member and the holding portion of the second holding member. In this state, focus on the main body of the microscope and observe the blood flow in the capillaries of the fingertips.

第１挟持部材の挟持部および第２挟持部材の挟持部の指収容部は、一般的には、第１挟持部材の挟持部の内面に回動軸に垂直な方向に延在して設けられた、指の下半分を収容する第１凹部および第２挟持部材の挟持部の内面に回動軸に垂直な方向に延在して設けられた、指の上半分を収容する第２凹部からなるが、これに限定されるものではない。指収容部の断面形状および断面寸法ならびに長さは、一般的には、この指収容部に指先の毛細血管の血流の観察を行おうとする指の少なくとも末節骨の全部、典型的には末節骨の全部に加えて中節骨の全部または末節骨側の一部を収容することができ、かつこの指をこの指に垂直でかつ回動軸に平行な方向に拘束することができるように選択される。指収容部に指が収容され、かつ第１挟持部材の挟持部と第２挟持部材の挟持部との間に指が挟持されることにより、指を回動軸に平行な方向に加えて回動軸に垂直な方向にも拘束することができる。こうして、観察中の指のぶれを抑制することができることにより、爪の甘皮の近傍の爪根部の表皮に顕微鏡のピント合わせを行いやすくなり、それによって毛細血管の血流が観察しやすくなる。 The finger accommodating portion of the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the pinching portion of the second sandwiching member is generally provided on the inner surface of the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. Also, from the second recess that accommodates the upper half of the finger, which is provided extending in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis on the inner surface of the first recess that accommodates the lower half of the finger and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwich member. However, it is not limited to this. The cross-sectional shape, cross-sectional dimensions, and length of the finger containment generally include at least all of the distal phalanx, typically the distal phalanx, of the finger attempting to observe the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertips in the finger containment. To accommodate all of the bone in addition to all of the intermediate phalanx or part of the distal phalanx side, and to constrain this finger in a direction perpendicular to this finger and parallel to the axis of rotation. Be selected. By accommodating the finger in the finger accommodating portion and sandwiching the finger between the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member, the finger is added in a direction parallel to the rotation axis and rotated. It can also be constrained in the direction perpendicular to the moving axis. In this way, since it is possible to suppress the shaking of the finger during observation, it becomes easier to focus the epidermis of the nail root portion in the vicinity of the cuticle of the nail with a microscope, and thereby it becomes easier to observe the blood flow of the capillaries.

甘皮ストッパーは、指収容部に被験者の手の指を収容し、第１挟持部材の挟持部と第２挟持部材の挟持部との間に指を挟持した状態で指の爪を指に直交する方向に横断するようにその位置および方向が決められる。そして、この状態で指を前方に少し移動させると、甘皮ストッパーが甘皮で引っ掛かり、この時点で第１挟持部材および第２挟持部材に対するこの指の長手方向前方への移動が阻止される。このとき、甘皮ストッパーの先端と顕微鏡本体の光軸との間の距離を予め定めておくことで、爪の甘皮の近傍の爪根部の表皮の直上に顕微鏡本体を位置させることができる。すなわち、甘皮ストッパーの先端が甘皮に引っ掛った状態において、顕微鏡本体の光軸が指の爪の甘皮に隣接する爪根部に合うように構成される。このため、甘皮の近傍の爪根部の表皮に顕微鏡のピントを合わせることにより、毛細血管の血流を観察することができる。甘皮ストッパーの先端と顕微鏡本体の光軸との間の距離は、例えば１．０ｍｍ以上２．０ｍｍ以下である。 The cuticle stopper accommodates the fingers of the subject's hand in the finger accommodating portion, and the fingernail is orthogonal to the finger in a state where the finger is sandwiched between the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member. Its position and orientation are determined to cross in a direction. Then, if the finger is slightly moved forward in this state, the cuticle stopper is caught by the cuticle, and at this point, the finger is prevented from moving forward in the longitudinal direction with respect to the first holding member and the second holding member. At this time, by predetermining the distance between the tip of the cuticle stopper and the optical axis of the microscope main body, the microscope main body can be positioned directly above the epidermis of the nail root portion in the vicinity of the cuticle of the nail. That is, when the tip of the cuticle stopper is caught on the cuticle, the optical axis of the microscope body is configured to be aligned with the nail root portion adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail. Therefore, by focusing the epidermis of the nail root near the cuticle with a microscope, the blood flow of the capillaries can be observed. The distance between the tip of the cuticle stopper and the optical axis of the microscope body is, for example, 1.0 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

顕微鏡本体のピント合わせは、手動で行うことができるようにしてもよいし、自動で行うことができるようしてもよい。顕微鏡本体は、先端部が第１挟持部材の挟持部に臨むように第２挟持部材に取り付けられるが、具体的には、例えば、第２挟持部材の挟持部を貫通して取り付けられ、あるいは、第２挟持部材の挟持部のうちの第１挟持部材の挟持部に臨む面に埋め込まれる形で取り付けられる。顕微鏡本体は、第１挟持部材の挟持部に臨む側に設けられた対物レンズを含む結像光学系を有する。顕微鏡本体は、対物レンズと接眼レンズとを備える一般的な光学顕微鏡の鏡筒と同様のものであってもよいが、好適には、対物レンズがファイバー束の一方の端面に取り付けられ、他方の端面に撮像素子が設けられたファイバースコープが用いられる。顕微鏡本体は、スマートフォンやタブレット型端末などのカメラと同様なものであってもよい。照明光学系は対物レンズの下方を照明することができる限り、顕微鏡本体に一体に設けてもよいし、顕微鏡本体とは別に設けてもよく、必要に応じて選ばれる。照明光学系を顕微鏡本体に一体に設ける場合、例えば、顕微鏡本体の光軸の周りに対物レンズを取り囲むように複数の発光ダイオードが設けられる。特に、顕微鏡本体がファイバースコープである場合は、顕微鏡本体の対物レンズにより結像した像が撮像素子により撮像され、この撮像素子により取得された画像がこの撮像素子の出力端に接続されたケーブルを介して外部のディスプレイやスマートフォンのディスプレイに送られて画像を表示することができる。 Focusing of the microscope body may be performed manually or automatically. The microscope main body is attached to the second sandwiching member so that the tip portion faces the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member. Specifically, for example, the microscope body is attached through the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member, or It is attached so as to be embedded in the surface of the holding portion of the second holding member facing the holding portion of the first holding member. The microscope main body has an imaging optical system including an objective lens provided on the side facing the holding portion of the first holding member. The microscope body may be similar to the barrel of a typical light microscope with an objective lens and an eyepiece, but preferably the objective lens is attached to one end face of the fiber bundle and the other. A fiberscope having an image pickup element on the end face is used. The microscope body may be similar to a camera such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal. The illumination optical system may be provided integrally with the microscope main body or may be provided separately from the microscope main body as long as it can illuminate the lower part of the objective lens, and is selected as necessary. When the illumination optical system is integrally provided with the microscope main body, for example, a plurality of light emitting diodes are provided so as to surround the objective lens around the optical axis of the microscope main body. In particular, when the microscope body is a fiberscope, the image imaged by the objective lens of the microscope body is imaged by the image sensor, and the image acquired by the image sensor is connected to the output end of the image sensor. The image can be displayed via an external display or a smartphone display.

この発明によれば、第１挟持部材の挟持部と反対側の端部と、第２挟持部材の挟持部と反対側の端部とを手の指でつまんで力を加えることにより第１挟持部材および第２挟持部材を回動軸の周りに回動させて第１挟持部材の挟持部と第２挟持部材の挟持部とを互いに離し、この状態で被験者の手の、指先の毛細血管の血流の観察を行おうとする指を第１挟持部材の挟持部および第２挟持部材の挟持部の指収容部に挿入した後、第１挟持部材の挟持部と反対側の端部と、第２挟持部材の挟持部と反対側の端部とに力を加えるのを止め、第１挟持部材および第２挟持部材を回動軸の周りに逆方向に回動させることにより、指収容部に指が収容された状態で第１挟持部材の挟持部と第２挟持部材の挟持部との間に指を挟持し、さらに甘皮ストッパーの先端を指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛けることにより、指を回動軸に平行な方向および垂直な方向に拘束することができるため観察中の指のぶれを抑制することができ、この状態で顕微鏡本体の対物レンズのピントを指の爪の甘皮の近傍の爪根部の表皮に合わせることにより、指先の毛細血管を鮮明に観察することができる。 According to the present invention, the first pinching is performed by pinching the end portion of the first sandwiching member opposite to the sandwiching portion and the end portion of the second sandwiching member opposite to the sandwiching portion with the fingers of the hand and applying force. The member and the second holding member are rotated around the rotation axis to separate the holding portion of the first holding member and the holding portion of the second holding member from each other, and in this state, the capillaries of the fingertips of the subject's hand After inserting the finger for observing the blood flow into the pinching portion of the first sandwiching member and the finger accommodating portion of the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member, the end portion opposite to the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the second 2 By stopping applying force to the end of the sandwiching member on the opposite side to the sandwiching portion and rotating the first sandwiching member and the second sandwiching member in the opposite direction around the rotation axis, the finger accommodating portion With the fingers accommodated, the fingers are sandwiched between the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member, and the tip of the cuticle stopper is hooked on the cuticle of the finger claw to rotate the finger. Since it can be constrained in the direction parallel to and perpendicular to the axis of motion, it is possible to suppress the blurring of the finger during observation. In this state, the focus of the objective lens of the microscope body is focused on the finger nail near the cuticle of the finger nail. By matching with the epidermis of the root, the capillaries of the fingertips can be clearly observed.

第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡を示す右側面図である。It is a right side view which shows the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡を構成する第２挟持部材の挟持部の内面を示す略線図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the inner surface of the holding part of the 2nd holding member which constitutes the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡により指先の毛細血管の血流を観察する部位を示す略線図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a site for observing blood flow in the capillaries of the fingertip by a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡において観察時に指を挿入した状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which the finger was inserted at the time of observation with the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡において観察時に指を挿入した状態を示す右側面図である。It is a right side view which shows the state which the finger was inserted at the time of observation with the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 1st Embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡において観察時に指を挿入した状態において指収容部の奥から指先を見た略線図である。It is a schematic diagram which looked at the fingertip from the back of the finger accommodating part in the state where the finger was inserted at the time of observation with the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the 1st Embodiment.第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡を構成する第２挟持部材の挟持部の内面に設けられた甘皮ストッパーが指の先端の甘皮近傍に位置している様子を示す略線図である。A schematic line indicating that the cuticle stopper provided on the inner surface of the holding portion of the second holding member constituting the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment is located near the cuticle at the tip of the finger. It is a figure.第２の実施の形態による指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 2nd Embodiment.第２の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by 2nd Embodiment.第２の実施の形態による指先毛細血菅血流観察顕微鏡を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope by the 2nd Embodiment.

以下、発明を実施するための形態（以下「実施の形態」とする）について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiments”) will be described.

〈第１の実施の形態〉
［指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡］
図１〜図４は第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡を示し、図１は斜視図、図２は平面図、図３は正面図、図４は右側面図である。<First Embodiment>
[Fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope]
1 to 4 show a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment, FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a front view, and FIG. 4 is a right side view.

図１〜図４に示すように、この指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡は、回動軸１０の周りに回動可能かつ初期位置に復元可能に構成された洗濯ばさみ状の第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０からなる本体を有する。第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０は互いにほぼ同様な形状および大きさを有し、回動軸１０に平行な方向の幅はほぼ一定になっている。第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０は一端側にそれぞれ挟持部２１および挟持部３１を有し、これらの挟持部２１および挟持部３１は互いに対向している。第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０の材質は必要に応じて選ばれるが、典型的にはプラスチックが用いられる。第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０の回動部は従来公知の一般的な洗濯ばさみと同様に構成することができる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope is a clothespin-shaped first holding member configured to be rotatable around arotation shaft 10 and to be restored to an initial position. It has a main body including 20 and a second holdingmember 30. The first holdingmember 20 and the second holdingmember 30 have substantially the same shape and size as each other, and the width in the direction parallel to therotation shaft 10 is substantially constant. Thefirst sandwiching member 20 and thesecond sandwiching member 30 have a sandwichingportion 21 and a sandwichingportion 31 on one end side, respectively, and the sandwichingportion 21 and the sandwichingportion 31 face each other. The materials of thefirst sandwiching member 20 and thesecond sandwiching member 30 are selected as needed, but plastic is typically used. The rotating portion of the first holdingmember 20 and the second holdingmember 30 can be configured in the same manner as a conventionally known general clothespin.

挟持部２１および挟持部３１の互いに対向する内面にはそれぞれ、これらの挟持部２１および挟持部３１の間に回動軸１０に垂直な方向から被験者の、指先の毛細血管の血流観察を行おうとする手の指、取り分け利き手の反対側の手の薬指を挿入して挟持したときにこの指をこの指に垂直でかつ回動軸１０に平行な方向に拘束する指収容部４１、４２が設けられている。指収容部４１は、挟持部２１の内面に回動軸１０に垂直な方向に延在して設けられた、被験者の手の指の末節骨から中節骨に掛けての部分の下半分（爪と反対側の片側部分）を収容することができる断面形状および断面寸法ならびに長さを有する半円筒状の凹部からなる。また、指収容部４２は、挟持部３１の内面に回動軸１０に垂直な方向に延在して設けられた、被験者の手の指の末節骨から中節骨に掛けての部分の上半分（爪側の片側部分）を収容することができる断面形状および断面寸法ならびに長さを有する半円筒状の凹部からなる。指収容部４１、４２の奥の部分は指の先端部の形状に合わせた形状となっている。指収容部４１、４２の幅は、被験者の手の指の末節骨から中節骨に掛けての部分を収容することができ、かつ指に垂直で回動軸１０に平行な方向に指を拘束することができる範囲内で必要に応じて選ばれるが、一般的には例えば１５ｍｍ以上２５ｍｍ以下、例えば２０ｍｍである。指収容部４１、４２の深さは、例えば３ｍｍ以上１０ｍｍ以下、例えば５ｍｍである。指収容部４１の深さと指収容部４２の深さとは互いに同一でも異なってもよいが、図１〜図４では、指収容部４１の深さが指収容部４２の深さより少し大きい場合が示されている。指収容部４１、４２の長さは、例えば３０ｍｍ以上４５ｍｍ以下、例えば３５ｍｍである。指収容部４１、４２の表面の材質は必要に応じて選ばれるが、好適には指をソフトに受け止めることができるようなある程度の柔軟性を有する材料、例えばシリコーン樹脂などが用いられる。 On the inner surfaces of the sandwichingportion 21 and the sandwichingportion 31 facing each other, the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertips of the subject is observed from the direction perpendicular to therotation axis 10 between the sandwichingportion 21 and the sandwichingportion 31, respectively. When the finger of the hand to be tried and the ring finger of the hand on the opposite side of the dominant hand are inserted and pinched, the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 restrain the finger in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to therotation axis 10. It is provided. Thefinger accommodating portion 41 is provided on the inner surface of the holdingportion 21 in a direction perpendicular to therotation axis 10, and is provided in the lower half of the portion of the subject's finger from the distal phalanx to the intermediate phalanx ( It consists of a semi-cylindrical recess having a cross-sectional shape, cross-sectional dimensions and length that can accommodate a portion on one side opposite the claw). Further, thefinger accommodating portion 42 is provided on the inner surface of the holdingportion 31 extending in a direction perpendicular to therotation axis 10, and is above the portion of the subject's finger from the distal phalanx to the intermediate phalanx. It consists of a semi-cylindrical recess having a cross-sectional shape, cross-sectional dimensions and length that can accommodate half (one side of the claw side). The inner portion of the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 has a shape that matches the shape of the tip portion of the finger. The width of the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 can accommodate the portion of the subject's hand from the distal phalanx to the intermediate phalanx, and the finger is placed in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to therotation axis 10. It is selected as needed within a range that can be restrained, but is generally, for example, 15 mm or more and 25 mm or less, for example, 20 mm. The depths of the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 are, for example, 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less, for example, 5 mm. The depth of thefinger accommodating portion 41 and the depth of thefinger accommodating portion 42 may be the same as or different from each other, but in FIGS. 1 to 4, the depth of thefinger accommodating portion 41 may be slightly larger than the depth of thefinger accommodating portion 42. It is shown. The lengths of the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 are, for example, 30 mm or more and 45 mm or less, for example, 35 mm. The material of the surface of the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 is selected as needed, but preferably, a material having a certain degree of flexibility so that the finger can be softly received, for example, a silicone resin, is used.

第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１と反対側の端部は操作部２２を構成し、第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１と反対側の端部は操作部３２を構成する。第１挟持部材２０の操作部２２と第２挟持部材３０の操作部３２との間には、ばね鋼などの弾性の高い金属からなる湾曲した金属ワイヤーまたは細長い金属片からなる挟みばね５０が取り付けられている。第１挟持部材２０の操作部２２と第２挟持部材３０の操作部３２との間には、この挟みばね５０の弾性力によりこれらの操作部２２と操作部３２とが互いに離れる方向の力、従って第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１と第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１とが互いに接近する方向の力が働くようになっており、これによって第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０が回動軸１０の周りに回動可能かつ初期位置に復元可能に構成されている。 The end portion of thefirst sandwiching member 20 opposite to the sandwichingportion 21 constitutes the operatingportion 22, and the end portion of thesecond sandwiching member 30 opposite to the sandwichingportion 31 constitutes the operatingportion 32. A curved metal wire made of a highly elastic metal such as spring steel or a holdingspring 50 made of an elongated metal piece is attached between the operatingportion 22 of the first holdingmember 20 and the operatingportion 32 of the second holdingmember 30. Has been done. Between the operatingportion 22 of thefirst sandwiching member 20 and the operatingportion 32 of thesecond sandwiching member 30, a force in a direction in which the operatingportion 22 and the operatingportion 32 are separated from each other by the elastic force of thesandwiching spring 50. Therefore, a force acts in the direction in which the sandwichingportion 21 of thefirst sandwiching member 20 and the sandwichingportion 31 of thesecond sandwiching member 30 approach each other, whereby thefirst sandwiching member 20 and thesecond sandwiching member 30 are moved. It is configured to be rotatable around the rotatingshaft 10 and recoverable to the initial position.

第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１には、この挟持部３１を貫通し、先端部が第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１に臨むように自動もしくは手動のピント合わせ機能を有する顕微鏡本体６０が取り付けられている。顕微鏡本体６０は、図示は省略するが、光軸上に設けられた対物レンズ、接眼レンズなどを含む結像光学系を備えた一般的な光学顕微鏡の鏡筒と同様なものであってもよいが、ここでは、ファイバースコープにより構成されているとする。ファイバースコープでは、ファイバー束の一端面に対物レンズが設けられ、ファイバー束の他端側に撮像素子が設けられる。撮像素子の出力端子はケーブルを介してコンピュータのディスプレイやスマートフォンのディスプレイに接続され、これらのディスプレイに画像を表示することができるようになっている。対物レンズは、顕微鏡本体６０の、第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１に臨む先端部（底部）に設けられている。顕微鏡本体６０の先端部には、照明光学系として複数（例えば、８個）の発光ダイオードが光軸の周りの円周上に対物レンズを取り囲むように等間隔で取り付けられている。ただし、照明光学系は顕微鏡本体６０の周辺に設けてもよい。顕微鏡本体６０には焦点調整ダイヤル６１が設けられている。手動でピント合わせを行う場合には、この焦点調整ダイヤル６１を回すことによりピント合わせを行うことができるようになっている。 A microscopemain body 60 having an automatic or manual focusing function is attached to the sandwichingportion 31 of thesecond sandwiching member 30 so that the tip portion penetrates the sandwichingportion 31 and faces the sandwichingportion 21 of thefirst sandwiching member 20. Has been done. Although not shown, the microscopemain body 60 may be similar to the lens barrel of a general optical microscope provided with an imaging optical system including an objective lens, an eyepiece lens, and the like provided on the optical axis. However, here, it is assumed that the fiber scope is used. In the fiberscope, an objective lens is provided on one end surface of the fiber bundle, and an image sensor is provided on the other end side of the fiber bundle. The output terminal of the image sensor is connected to a computer display or a smartphone display via a cable so that an image can be displayed on these displays. The objective lens is provided at the tip (bottom) of the microscopemain body 60 facing the holdingportion 21 of the first holdingmember 20. A plurality of (for example, eight) light emitting diodes are attached to the tip of the microscopemain body 60 as an illumination optical system at equal intervals so as to surround the objective lens on the circumference around the optical axis. However, the illumination optical system may be provided around the microscopemain body 60. The microscopemain body 60 is provided with afocus adjustment dial 61. When focusing manually, the focus can be adjusted by turning thefocus adjustment dial 61.

図３および図４に示すように、第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１の内面、より詳細には指収容部４２の内面には、第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１と第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１との間に被験者の手の指を挟持したときに、この指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛かることにより第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０に対する指の長手方向前方への移動を阻止する甘皮ストッパー７０が設けられている。図５は挟持部３１の内面を示す。図５に示すように、この甘皮ストッパー７０は、指収容部４１、４２に被験者の手の指を収容し、第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１と第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１との間に指を挟持した状態で指の爪を指に直交する方向に横断するように回動軸１０に平行な方向に延在している。この甘皮ストッパー７０の、第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１に臨む先端部は回動軸１０に平行になっている。また、この甘皮ストッパー７０の延在方向に垂直な方向の断面形状は台形状となっている。この台形状の断面形状を有する甘皮ストッパー７０の指挿入側の側面が指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛かるようになっている。この場合、甘皮ストッパー７０の指挿入側の側面が指の爪に対して鋭角となっているため、甘皮ストッパー６０の先端を指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛ける時に甘皮や爪などが傷つくのを防止することができる。この甘皮ストッパー７０の断面形状の台形の上底と指挿入側の側面との交点（交線）と顕微鏡本体６０の光軸との間の距離Ｄは、観察時に指の爪の甘皮に甘皮ストッパー７０の先端が引っ掛かった状態で顕微鏡本体６０の光軸が甘皮に隣接する爪根部の表皮に位置するように選択される。距離Ｄは、例えば、１．０ｍｍ以上２．０ｍｍ以下、あるいは１．２ｍｍ以上１．８ｍｍ以下、あるいは１．３ｍｍ以上１．６ｍｍ以下、例えば１．４ｍｍである。甘皮ストッパー６０の下底の長さは例えば１ｍｍ以上２ｍｍ以下、例えば１．５ｍｍ、上底の長さは例えば０．５ｍｍ以上１．５ｍｍ以下、例えば１ｍｍである。必要に応じて、甘皮ストッパー６０の先端部の角部を直線状または円弧などの曲線状に面取りしてもよい。こうすることで、甘皮ストッパー６０の先端を指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛ける時に甘皮や爪などが傷つくのをより確実に防止することができる。図５には、顕微鏡本体６０の先端部が示されており、照明光学系として光軸の周りの円周上に対物レンズ６２を取り囲むように等間隔で取り付けられている複数（例えば、８個）の発光ダイオードの照明領域６３が示されている。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, on the inner surface of the holdingportion 31 of the second holdingmember 30, more specifically, on the inner surface of thefinger accommodating portion 42, the holdingportion 21 and the second holdingmember 30 of the first holdingmember 20 When the finger of the subject's hand is pinched between the pinchingportion 31 of the subject, the finger is moved forward in the longitudinal direction with respect to the first pinchingmember 20 and the second pinchingmember 30 by being caught by the cuticle of the fingernail. Acuticle stopper 70 is provided to prevent the cuticle. FIG. 5 shows the inner surface of the sandwichingportion 31. As shown in FIG. 5, thecuticle stopper 70 accommodates the fingers of the subject's hand in the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42, and the sandwichingportion 21 of thefirst sandwiching member 20 and the sandwichingportion 31 of thesecond sandwiching member 30. It extends in a direction parallel to therotation axis 10 so as to cross the fingernail in a direction orthogonal to the finger with the finger sandwiched between them. The tip of thecuticle stopper 70 facing the sandwichingportion 21 of thefirst sandwiching member 20 is parallel to therotation shaft 10. Further, the cross-sectional shape of thecuticle stopper 70 in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction is trapezoidal. The side surface of thecuticle stopper 70 having a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape on the finger insertion side is hooked on the cuticle of the fingernail. In this case, since the side surface of thecuticle stopper 70 on the finger insertion side has an acute angle with respect to the fingernail, it is possible to prevent the cuticle and the nail from being damaged when the tip of thecuticle stopper 60 is hooked on the cuticle of the fingernail. be able to. The distance D between the intersection (intersection line) between the upper bottom of the trapezoidal shape of thecuticle stopper 70 and the side surface on the finger insertion side and the optical axis of themicroscope body 60 is the cuticle stopper on the cuticle of the fingernail during observation. The optical axis of themicroscope body 60 is selected so as to be located on the epidermis of the nail root adjacent to the cuticle with the tip of the 70 being hooked. The distance D is, for example, 1.0 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, 1.2 mm or more and 1.8 mm or less, or 1.3 mm or more and 1.6 mm or less, for example, 1.4 mm. The length of the lower base of thecuticle stopper 60 is, for example, 1 mm or more and 2 mm or less, for example, 1.5 mm, and the length of the upper base is, for example, 0.5 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, for example, 1 mm. If necessary, the corners of the tip of thecuticle stopper 60 may be chamfered in a straight line or a curved shape such as an arc. By doing so, it is possible to more reliably prevent the cuticle, the nail, and the like from being damaged when the tip of thecuticle stopper 60 is hooked on the cuticle of the fingernail. FIG. 5 shows the tips of the microscopemain body 60, which are mounted at equal intervals on the circumference around the optical axis as an illumination optical system (for example, eight). Theillumination region 63 of the light emitting diode of) is shown.

［指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡の使用方法］
この指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡を用いて被験者の手の指先の毛細血管の血流を観察する方法について説明する。[How to use the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope]
A method of observing the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertips of the subject's hand using this fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope will be described.

図６は指先の毛細血管の血流を観察する場所を示す。図６に示すように、指の爪の甘皮に隣接する爪根部の表皮が観察場所となる。 FIG. 6 shows a place for observing blood flow in the capillaries of the fingertips. As shown in FIG. 6, the epidermis at the base of the nail adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail is the observation site.

まず、この指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡の第１挟持部材２０の操作部２２と第２挟持部材３０の操作部３２とを手の指でつまんで力を加えることにより第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１と第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１とを互いに離す。 First, theoperation unit 22 of the first pinchingmember 20 and the operatingportion 32 of the second pinchingmember 30 of the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope are pinched by the fingers of the hand and a force is applied to pinch the first pinchingmember 20. Theportion 21 and the sandwichingportion 31 of thesecond sandwiching member 30 are separated from each other.

この状態で第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１と第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１との間の隙間から、被験者の手の、指先の毛細血管の血流を観察しようとする指、典型的には利き手の反対側の手の薬指を挿入し、指収容部４１、４２に収容する。好適には、その指の爪の甘皮の直ぐ後方の部分には予め少量のオイルを塗っておく。オイルを塗るのは、爪根部の表皮での照明光の反射を抑え、毛細血管の血流を観察しやすくするためである。この後、第１挟持部材２０の操作部２２と第２挟持部材３０の操作部３２とに力を加えるのを止める。こうすることで、挟みばね５０が初期の状態に復元しようとすることにより第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１と第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１との間に指が挟持される。このとき、指収容部４１、４２に収容された指は回動軸１０に平行な方向および垂直な方向に拘束される。この状態で指を少し前に移動させ、甘皮ストッパー７０の指の挿入側の側面が甘皮に引っ掛かるようにする。この状態を図７〜図１０に示す。ここで、図７は斜視図、図８は右側面図、図９は指収容部４１、４２に指を挿入した状態において指収容部４１、４２の奥から指先を見た略線図である。図１０は甘皮ストッパー７０が指の先端の甘皮近傍に位置している様子を示す。 In this state, a finger that attempts to observe the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertip of the subject's hand through the gap between the sandwichingportion 21 of thefirst sandwiching member 20 and the sandwichingportion 31 of thesecond sandwiching member 30, typically. The ring finger of the hand opposite to the dominant hand is inserted into the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42. Preferably, a small amount of oil is previously applied to the portion immediately behind the cuticle of the fingernail. The oil is applied to suppress the reflection of illumination light on the epidermis of the nail root and make it easier to observe the blood flow in the capillaries. After that, the force is stopped from being applied to theoperation portion 22 of thefirst sandwiching member 20 and theoperation portion 32 of thesecond sandwiching member 30. By doing so, the sandwichingspring 50 tries to restore the initial state, so that the finger is sandwiched between the sandwichingportion 21 of thefirst sandwiching member 20 and the sandwichingportion 31 of thesecond sandwiching member 30. At this time, the fingers accommodated in the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 are restrained in the directions parallel to and perpendicular to therotation shaft 10. In this state, the finger is moved slightly forward so that the side surface of thecuticle stopper 70 on the insertion side of the finger is caught by the cuticle. This state is shown in FIGS. 7 to 10. Here, FIG. 7 is a perspective view, FIG. 8 is a right side view, and FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the fingertips viewed from the back of the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 with the fingers inserted into the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42. .. FIG. 10 shows how thecuticle stopper 70 is located near the cuticle at the tip of the finger.

その後、自動もしくは手動で顕微鏡本体６０のピント合わせを行い、顕微鏡本体６０の対物レンズの焦点を爪の甘皮の近傍の爪根部の表皮に合わせる。手動でピント合わせを行う場合には、顕微鏡本体６０の焦点調整ダイヤル６１を回すことにより、顕微鏡本体６０の対物レンズの焦点を爪の甘皮の近傍の爪根部の表皮に合わせる。こうして焦点合わせを行った後、顕微鏡本体６０により爪根部の表皮を介して指先の毛細血管の血流を観察する。こうして観察される画像は撮像素子により撮像され、その画像がケーブルを介してコンピュータのディスプレイやスマートフォンのディスプレイに送られ、これらのディスプレイに表示される。こうして、ディスプレイ上で指先の毛細血管の血流を観察することができる。 After that, the microscopemain body 60 is automatically or manually focused, and the objective lens of the microscopemain body 60 is focused on the epidermis of the nail root near the cuticle of the nail. When focusing manually, the focus of the objective lens of the microscopemain body 60 is adjusted to the epidermis of the nail root near the cuticle of the nail by turning thefocus adjustment dial 61 of the microscopemain body 60. After focusing in this way, the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertips is observed through the epidermis of the nail root by the microscopemain body 60. The image observed in this way is captured by an image sensor, and the image is sent to a computer display or a smartphone display via a cable and displayed on these displays. In this way, the blood flow in the capillaries of the fingertips can be observed on the display.

以上のように、この第１の実施の形態によれば、被験者が指先の毛細血管の血流を観察しようとする手の指を第１挟持部材２０の挟持部２１と第２挟持部材３０の挟持部３１との間の隙間から指収容部４１、４２に挿入し、甘皮ストッパー７０の先端の指の挿入側の側面を指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛け、指を回動軸１０に平行な方向および垂直な方向に拘束した状態で顕微鏡本体６０のピントを指の爪の甘皮に隣接する爪根部の表皮に合わせるだけで毛細血管の血流を簡単にしかも鮮明に観察することができる。 As described above, according to the first embodiment, the finger of the hand on which the subject intends to observe the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertip is held by the holdingportion 21 and the second holdingmember 30 of the first holdingmember 20. Insert it into the fingeraccommodating portions 41 and 42 through the gap between the holdingportion 31 and hook the side surface of the tip of thecuticle stopper 70 on the insertion side of the finger to the cuticle of the fingernail, and move the finger in the direction parallel to therotation axis 10. The blood flow of the capillaries can be easily and clearly observed by simply focusing themicroscope body 60 on the epidermis of the nail root adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail while restrained in the vertical direction.

〈第２の実施の形態〉
［指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡］
図１１〜図１３は第２の実施の形態による指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡を示し、図１１は斜視図、図１２は平面図、図１３は正面図である。<Second Embodiment>
[Fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope]
11 to 13 show a fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the second embodiment, FIG. 11 is a perspective view, FIG. 12 is a plan view, and FIG. 13 is a front view.

図１１〜図１３に示すように、この指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡は、第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０に、挟持部２１と挟持部３１との間に挟持された指および甘皮ストッパー７０の状態を外部から観察するための観察用窓３３が設けられていることが第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡と異なり、その他の構成は第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡と同様である。 As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, in this fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope, the fingers and cuticles sandwiched between the sandwichingportion 21 and the sandwichingportion 31 by thefirst sandwiching member 20 and thesecond sandwiching member 30. Unlike the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment, theobservation window 33 for observing the state of thestopper 70 from the outside is provided, and the other configurations are according to the first embodiment. It is similar to the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope.

［指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡の使用方法］
この指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡の使用方法は第１の実施の形態による指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡と同様である。[How to use the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope]
The method of using the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope is the same as that of the fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to the first embodiment.

この第２の実施の形態によれば、第１の実施の形態と同様な利点に加えて、挟持部２１と挟持部３１との間に指を挟持した状態で観察用窓３３から指および甘皮ストッパー７０の状態を観察することにより、甘皮ストッパー７０の先端が指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛かっていることを確認した上で指の毛細血管の血流を観察することができるという利点を得ることができる。 According to this second embodiment, in addition to the same advantages as in the first embodiment, the finger and the cuticle from theobservation window 33 with the finger sandwiched between the sandwichingportion 21 and the sandwichingportion 31. By observing the state of thestopper 70, it is possible to obtain the advantage that the blood flow of the capillaries of the finger can be observed after confirming that the tip of thecuticle stopper 70 is caught in the cuticle of the fingernail. it can.

以上、この発明の実施の形態について具体的に説明したが、この発明は上述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、この発明の技術的思想に基づく各種の変形が可能である。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible.

例えば、上述の実施の形態において挙げた数値、構成、形状、材料、方法などはあくまでも例に過ぎず、必要に応じてこれらと異なる数値、構成、形状、材料、方法などを用いてもよい。 For example, the numerical values, configurations, shapes, materials, methods and the like given in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and numerical values, configurations, shapes, materials, methods and the like different from these may be used as necessary.

例えば、上述の第１の実施の形態においては、第１挟持部材２０の操作部２２と第２挟持部材３０の操作部３２との間に挟みばね５０を取り付けることにより第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０を初期位置に復元可能に構成しているが、挟みばね５０を取り付けず、代わりに第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０の回動部にねじりコイルばねを取り付けることにより第１挟持部材２０および第２挟持部材３０を初期位置に復元可能に構成してもよい。 For example, in the first embodiment described above, the first holdingmember 20 and the first holdingmember 20 and the first holdingmember 20 and the first holdingmember 20 are attached by attaching the holdingspring 50 between the operatingportion 22 of the first holdingmember 20 and the operatingportion 32 of the second holdingmember 30. 2 The sandwichingmember 30 is configured to be able to be restored to the initial position, but instead of attaching thesandwiching spring 50, a torsion coil spring is attached to the rotating portion of thefirst sandwiching member 20 and thesecond sandwiching member 30. The 1 holdingmember 20 and the 2nd holdingmember 30 may be configured to be reconstructable to the initial positions.

１０…回動軸、２０…第１挟持部材、２１…挟持部、２２…操作部、３０…第２挟持部材、３１…挟持部、３２…操作部、３３…観察用窓、４１、４２…指収容部、５０…挟みばね、６０…顕微鏡本体、６１…焦点調整ダイヤル、６２…対物レンズ、７０…甘皮ストッパー 10 ... Rotating shaft, 20 ... First holding member, 21 ... Holding part, 22 ... Operating part, 30 ... Second holding member, 31 ... Holding part, 32 ... Operating part, 33 ... Observation window, 41, 42 ... Finger housing, 50 ... pinching spring, 60 ... microscope body, 61 ... focus adjustment dial, 62 ... objective lens, 70 ... cuticle stopper

Claims (3)

Translated fromJapanese

回動軸の周りに回動可能かつ初期位置に復元可能に構成された第１挟持部材および第２挟持部材と、
上記第１挟持部材の挟持部および上記第２挟持部材の挟持部の互いに対向する内面に設けられた、上記第１挟持部材の上記挟持部と上記第２挟持部材の上記挟持部との間に上記回動軸に垂直な方向から被験者の手の、指先の毛細血管の血流を観察しようとする指を挿入したときに当該指を当該指に垂直でかつ上記回動軸に平行な方向に拘束した状態で収容する指収容部と、
先端部が上記第１挟持部材の上記挟持部に臨むように上記第２挟持部材に取り付けられたピント合わせ機能を有する顕微鏡本体と、
上記第２挟持部材の上記挟持部の内面に設けられた、上記第１挟持部材の上記挟持部と上記第２挟持部材の上記挟持部との間に上記指を挟持したときに、上記指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛かることにより上記第１挟持部材および上記第２挟持部材に対する上記指の長手方向前方への移動を阻止する甘皮ストッパーとを有し、
上記甘皮ストッパーの先端が上記指の爪の甘皮に引っ掛った状態において、上記顕微鏡本体の光軸が上記指の爪の甘皮に隣接する爪根部に合うように構成されている指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡。A first holding member and a second holding member configured to be rotatable around a rotation shaft and reversible to the initial position,
Between the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member provided on the inner surfaces of the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member facing each other. When a finger for observing the blood flow of the capillaries of the fingertip of the subject's hand is inserted from a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, the finger is placed in a direction perpendicular to the finger and parallel to the rotation axis. A finger accommodating part that accommodates in a restrained state,
A microscope main body having a focusing function attached to the second holding member so that the tip portion faces the holding portion of the first holding member.
When the finger is sandwiched between the sandwiching portion of the first sandwiching member and the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member provided on the inner surface of the sandwiching portion of the second sandwiching member, the finger It has a cuticle stopper that prevents the finger from moving forward in the longitudinal direction with respect to the first holding member and the second holding member by being caught on the cuticle of the nail.
When the tip of the cuticle stopper is caught on the cuticle of the fingernail, the optical axis of the microscope body is configured to be aligned with the nail root portion adjacent to the cuticle of the fingernail. Observation microscope. 上記甘皮ストッパーの先端と上記顕微鏡本体の光軸との間の距離が１．０ｍｍ以上２．０ｍｍ以下である請求項１記載の指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡。 The fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the tip of the cuticle stopper and the optical axis of the microscope body is 1.0 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. 上記指収容部は、上記第１挟持部材の挟持部の内面に上記回動軸に垂直な方向に延在して設けられた上記指の下半分を収容する第１凹部および上記第２挟持部材の挟持部の内面に上記回動軸に垂直な方向に延在して設けられた上記指の上半分を収容する第２凹部からなる請求項１または２記載の指先毛細血管血流観察顕微鏡。 The finger accommodating portion is provided on the inner surface of the interposing portion of the first sandwiching member so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, and accommodates the lower half of the finger and the second sandwiching member. The fingertip capillary blood flow observation microscope according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises a second concave portion accommodating the upper half of the finger provided on the inner surface of the holding portion of the finger in a direction extending in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.

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