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JP2016128746A - Superheated steam generator - Google Patents

Superheated steam generator
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JP2016128746A
JP2016128746AJP2016048227AJP2016048227AJP2016128746AJP 2016128746 AJP2016128746 AJP 2016128746AJP 2016048227 AJP2016048227 AJP 2016048227AJP 2016048227 AJP2016048227 AJP 2016048227AJP 2016128746 AJP2016128746 AJP 2016128746A
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evaporator
heat exchanger
heat
water
steam
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JP6199428B2 (en
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長畑 寛
Hiroshi Nagahata
寛 長畑
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a superheated steam generator capable of improving energy efficiency by generating high temperature steam capable of being utilized in a desired appliance and treatment process, by waste heat such as exhaust heat recovered from an air fin cooler.SOLUTION: Circulated saturation water is heated by a first heat exchanger 22 by using waste heat disposed of from an appliance such as an air fin cooler 21, and steam sucked from a first evaporation can 23 by a first vacuum pump 25 is supplied to a second heat exchanger 31. To the second heat exchanger, water of boiling point is introduced from a second evaporation can 32 to be heated, and then returned to the second evaporation can 32, the steam generated in the second evaporation can 32 is sucked by the second vacuum pump 33, and distributed while branched to a blower 34 and a third heat exchanger 35. The steam is supplied to a desired appliance and the like from the blower 34, the boiler supply water introduced from a water supply pipe 36 is heated by the third heat exchanger 35, and the boiler supply water and the steam are mixed and returned to the second evaporation can 32.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Translated fromJapanese

この発明は、各種の工場等で廃棄されている低温の熱エネルギーの有効利用を図る過熱水蒸気発生器に関する。  The present invention relates to a superheated steam generator that makes effective use of low-temperature thermal energy discarded in various factories and the like.

化学プラントや石油精製プラント等や用役設備によって利用された処理水、または低温プロセス流出液、低圧凝縮水が保有している熱エネルギーを回収して再利用に供することは、エネルギー効率の向上を図ることは勿論のこと、エネルギー資源の有効利用を図る上で非常に好ましい。特に、各種のプラント設備では、冷却に利用されて温度が100℃以下となった冷却水が多量に排出され、それらが保有する熱量が廃棄されている。したがって、エネルギーの利用効率をより向上させることとなる、これらの低温排水が保有する熱エネルギーを回収することが望まれている。  By recovering and reusing the thermal energy stored in the treated water used by chemical plants, oil refining plants, and utility facilities, or low-temperature process effluent and low-pressure condensate, energy efficiency can be improved. Of course, it is very preferable for effective utilization of energy resources. In particular, in various plant facilities, a large amount of cooling water that is used for cooling and has a temperature of 100 ° C. or less is discharged, and the amount of heat that they hold is discarded. Therefore, it is desired to recover the thermal energy possessed by these low temperature wastewaters, which will further improve the energy utilization efficiency.

例えば、特許文献1に開示された蒸溜システムでは、スチーム発生器によってリボイラーから回収された凝縮蒸気(スチームコンデンセート)から再び蒸気を生成する熱源として蒸留塔から回収された熱源が利用されている。すなわち、リボイラーで加熱された熱媒が蒸留塔に供給され、該リボイラーから排出されたスチームコンデンセートを、蒸留塔でプロセス液の処理に供された熱媒をスチーム発生器の熱源として、再び蒸発させてリボイラーに供給するようにしてある。  For example, in the distillation system disclosed in Patent Document 1, a heat source recovered from a distillation tower is used as a heat source for generating steam again from condensed steam (steam condensate) recovered from a reboiler by a steam generator. That is, the heating medium heated by the reboiler is supplied to the distillation tower, and the steam condensate discharged from the reboiler is evaporated again using the heating medium used for processing the process liquid in the distillation tower as the heat source of the steam generator. To supply to the reboiler.

特開2009−208066号公報JP 2009-208066 A

前記特許文献1で開示された蒸留システムでは、前記タンクの運転圧力が飽和蒸気温度約188℃(特許文献1の[0026]参照)とあって、低温排水からの熱回収としては十分とは言えない。このように、現状の各種のプラント設備等における熱回収システムでは、いわゆる低温排水からの熱回収が十分に果たされていない。  In the distillation system disclosed in Patent Document 1, the operating pressure of the tank is a saturated steam temperature of about 188 ° C. (see [0026] of Patent Document 1), which is sufficient for heat recovery from low temperature waste water. Absent. As described above, in the heat recovery system in various current plant facilities and the like, heat recovery from so-called low temperature waste water is not sufficiently achieved.

そこで、この発明は、低温の廃熱を用いて高温水蒸気を製造することにより、化学プラント等よって利用された処理水が保有している熱エネルギーを回収して再利用にするのに適した過熱水蒸気発生器を提供することを目的としている。  Therefore, the present invention is a superheat suitable for recovering and reusing thermal energy possessed by treated water used by a chemical plant or the like by producing high-temperature steam using low-temperature waste heat. It aims to provide a steam generator.

前記目的を達成するための技術的手段として、この発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器は、内部を負圧に吸引される第1蒸発缶と、前記第1蒸発缶内で分離された循環飽和水を、エネルギー回収の対象となる設備における低温廃液や低温ガス等の処理熱媒により加熱する第1熱交換器と、前記循環飽和水を第1熱交換器へ供給する供給ポンプと、前記第1蒸発缶の内部を吸引して負圧にすると共に、該第1蒸発缶内で蒸発した水蒸気を吸引して昇圧させた熱媒水蒸気を吐出する第1真空ポンプと、内部を負圧に吸引される第2蒸発缶と、前記第2蒸発缶で分離された沸点水が供給されて、前記第1真空ポンプから吐出された熱媒水蒸気を導入して前記沸点水を加熱する第2熱交換器と、前記第2蒸発缶の内部を吸引して負圧にすると共に、該第2蒸発缶内で蒸発した水蒸気を吸引して昇圧させた熱源水蒸気を吐出する第2真空ポンプとを備え、前記第2蒸発缶にボイラー給水を供給し、前記第2熱交換器で前記沸点水の加熱に供した前記熱媒水蒸気を前記第1蒸発缶に返戻し、前記熱源水蒸気をブロワーにより所望の圧力まで上昇させて所望の設備へ供給することを特徴としている。  As technical means for achieving the above object, the superheated steam generator according to the present invention comprises a first evaporator that is sucked into a negative pressure inside, and circulating saturated water separated in the first evaporator. A first heat exchanger that is heated by a processing heat medium such as a low-temperature waste liquid or a low-temperature gas in a facility that is an energy recovery target, a supply pump that supplies the circulating saturated water to the first heat exchanger, and the first evaporation The inside of the can is sucked into a negative pressure, and the first vacuum pump that discharges the heat medium water vapor that is sucked up and raised in the first evaporating can and is sucked into the negative pressure. A second evaporator and a second heat exchanger which is supplied with boiling water separated by the second evaporator and introduces heat medium steam discharged from the first vacuum pump to heat the boiling water; The inside of the second evaporator is sucked to a negative pressure and the second steamer A second vacuum pump that discharges the water vapor evaporated in the can and increased in pressure, and supplies boiler feed water to the second evaporator, and the boiling water is heated by the second heat exchanger. The heat medium water vapor supplied to step 1 is returned to the first evaporator, and the heat source water vapor is raised to a desired pressure by a blower and supplied to desired equipment.

例えば、蒸留塔の塔頂コンデンサーに使用されているエアフィンクーラーの空気は、冷却後に排気されることになるが、この排気の保有熱量が大きく、排気しては熱損失が大きい。そこで、前記エアフィンクーラーの廃熱を回収して高温蒸気を発生させ、この高温蒸気を他の設備や工程に利用できるようにしたものである。  For example, the air fin cooler air used in the top condenser of the distillation column is exhausted after cooling, but the exhaust heat has a large amount of heat and the heat loss is large when exhausted. Therefore, the waste heat of the air fin cooler is recovered to generate high-temperature steam, and this high-temperature steam can be used for other equipment and processes.

前記循環飽和水は、前記第1蒸発缶と第1熱交換器との間を循環すると共に、第1熱交換器で加熱されて第1蒸発缶に供給させると一部が蒸発し、水蒸気と飽和水とに気液分離される。発生した水蒸気は前記第1真空ポンプに吸い込まれ、昇圧されて熱媒水蒸気として吐出される。前記熱媒水蒸気は前記第2熱交換器へ供給されて、前記第2蒸発缶から供給された前記沸点水を加熱した後、前記第1蒸発缶へ返戻される。  The circulating saturated water circulates between the first evaporator and the first heat exchanger, and partly evaporates when heated by the first heat exchanger and supplied to the first evaporator, Gas-liquid separation into saturated water. The generated water vapor is sucked into the first vacuum pump, pressurized, and discharged as heat medium water vapor. The heat transfer water vapor is supplied to the second heat exchanger, heats the boiling water supplied from the second evaporator, and is then returned to the first evaporator.

第2熱交換器で加熱された沸点水は前記第2蒸発缶へ返戻され、水蒸気と沸点水とに分離される。分離された水蒸気は前記第2真空ポンプに吸い込まれ、昇圧されて熱源水蒸気として吐出する。この熱源水蒸気は大気圧に近い圧力まで昇圧されれば、他の設備や工程の熱源として利用することができる。さらに、熱源水蒸気をブロワーに供給して任意の圧力まで上昇させて、所望の設備や工程に供給するようにしてある。  The boiling water heated by the second heat exchanger is returned to the second evaporator and separated into water vapor and boiling water. The separated water vapor is sucked into the second vacuum pump, pressurized and discharged as heat source water vapor. If this heat source steam is boosted to a pressure close to atmospheric pressure, it can be used as a heat source for other equipment and processes. Further, the heat source steam is supplied to the blower to increase the pressure to an arbitrary pressure and supplied to a desired facility or process.

また、請求項2の発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器は、前記熱源水蒸気を供給する第3熱交換器を具備させ、前記ボイラー給水を該第3熱交換器を通して加熱させて、該第3熱交換器を通した熱源水蒸気とボイラー給水とを混合させて前記第2蒸発缶へ供給することを特徴としている。  The superheated steam generator according to the invention of claim 2 includes a third heat exchanger that supplies the heat source steam, and heats the boiler feed water through the third heat exchanger, whereby the third heat exchange is performed. The heat source steam and the boiler feed water that have passed through the vessel are mixed and supplied to the second evaporator.

前記第2真空ポンプにより大気圧近くまで昇圧させた熱源水蒸気を第3熱交換に供給し、ボイラー給水をこの第3熱交換器に導入して加熱させ、加熱後の熱源水蒸気とボイラー給水とを混合させて第2蒸発缶に供給するようにしたものである。  Heat source steam that has been boosted to near atmospheric pressure by the second vacuum pump is supplied to the third heat exchange, boiler feed water is introduced into the third heat exchanger and heated, and the heated heat source steam and boiler feed water are heated. The mixture is mixed and supplied to the second evaporator.

また、請求項3の発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器は、前記第1真空ポンプと第2真空ポンプとに、ルーツ型メカニカルブースターポンプを用いていることを特徴としている。  The superheated steam generator according to the invention of claim 3 is characterized in that a roots type mechanical booster pump is used for the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump.

この発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器によれば、エアフィンクーラー等から排気が保有する熱量を効率よく回収でき、エネルギー効率を向上させることができる。  According to the superheated steam generator according to the present invention, the amount of heat held by the exhaust from an air fin cooler or the like can be efficiently recovered, and the energy efficiency can be improved.

この発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器の実施形態について構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows a structure about embodiment of the superheated steam generator which concerns on this invention.この発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器の他の実施形態について構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows a structure about other embodiment of the superheated steam generator which concerns on this invention.

以下、図1に示した好ましい実施の形態に基づいて、この発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器を具体的に説明する。  Hereinafter, the superheated steam generator according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the preferred embodiment shown in FIG.

図1に示すように、エアフィンクーラー21の廃熱や低温廃液、低温ガスが加熱媒体として、第1熱交換器22に供給される。この第1熱交換器22には、第1蒸発缶23から供給ポンプ24を介して循環飽和水が供給され、加熱媒体によって加熱された後、前記第1蒸発缶23に返戻される。なお、前記第1熱交換器22に供給される循環飽和水の量は流量計22aとコントロール弁22bとにより調整される。すなわち、前記循環飽和水は被加熱管路23iを介して、第1蒸発缶23から第1熱交換器22を通って第1蒸発缶23に返戻される。  As shown in FIG. 1, waste heat, low-temperature waste liquid, and low-temperature gas from theair fin cooler 21 are supplied to thefirst heat exchanger 22 as a heating medium. Thefirst heat exchanger 22 is supplied with circulating saturated water from thefirst evaporator 23 via thesupply pump 24, heated by the heating medium, and then returned to thefirst evaporator 23. The amount of circulating saturated water supplied to thefirst heat exchanger 22 is adjusted by aflow meter 22a and acontrol valve 22b. That is, the circulating saturated water is returned from thefirst evaporator 23 to thefirst evaporator 23 through thefirst heat exchanger 22 through the heated line 23i.

前記第1蒸発缶23にはルーツ型メカニカルブースターポンプによる第1真空ポンプ25により吸引されて減圧されており、前記返戻された循環飽和水の一部が該第1蒸発缶23内で蒸発し、蒸発した水蒸気が前記第1真空ポンプ25に吸引される。この第1真空ポンプ25への供給圧力は、圧力計25aとコントロール弁25bとにより調整される。そして、第1真空ポンプ25で昇圧されて吐出された水蒸気は熱媒水蒸気として第2熱交換器31の熱媒として供給され、該第2熱交換器31から前記第1蒸発缶23に返戻される。なお、第1真空ポンプ25からの吐出圧力は圧力計23aとコントロール弁23bとによって調整される。すなわち、熱媒水蒸気は熱媒水蒸気管路23oを介して、第1真空ポンプ25と第2熱交換器31とを通って第1蒸発缶23に返戻される。この際、コントロール弁23bにより第2熱交換器31への圧力が調整される。  Thefirst evaporator 23 is sucked and decompressed by afirst vacuum pump 25 by a roots type mechanical booster pump, and a part of the returned circulating saturated water evaporates in thefirst evaporator 23. The evaporated water vapor is sucked into thefirst vacuum pump 25. The supply pressure to thefirst vacuum pump 25 is adjusted by apressure gauge 25a and acontrol valve 25b. Then, the water vapor that has been boosted and discharged by thefirst vacuum pump 25 is supplied as a heat medium water vapor as a heat medium for thesecond heat exchanger 31, and returned from thesecond heat exchanger 31 to thefirst evaporator 23. The The discharge pressure from thefirst vacuum pump 25 is adjusted by thepressure gauge 23a and thecontrol valve 23b. That is, the heat medium water vapor is returned to thefirst evaporator 23 through thefirst vacuum pump 25 and thesecond heat exchanger 31 via the heat medium water vapor line 23o. At this time, the pressure to thesecond heat exchanger 31 is adjusted by thecontrol valve 23b.

前記第2熱交換器31には第2蒸発缶32から沸点水が供給され、前記熱媒水蒸気で加熱された後、第2蒸発缶32に返戻される。すなわち、沸点水は沸点水管路32iを介して、第2熱交換器31を通って第2蒸発缶32に返戻される。この第2蒸発缶32はルーツ型メカニカルブースターポンプによる第2真空ポンプ33により吸引されて減圧されており、前記返戻された沸点水の一部は蒸発し、水蒸気と沸点水とに分離される。なお、第2真空ポンプ33への供給圧力は、圧力計33aとコントロール弁33bとによって調整される。そして、前記第2真空ポンプ33で昇圧された水蒸気は熱源水蒸気として吐出される。  Boiling water is supplied to thesecond heat exchanger 31 from thesecond evaporator 32, heated by the heat medium steam, and then returned to thesecond evaporator 32. That is, the boiling water is returned to thesecond evaporator 32 through thesecond heat exchanger 31 through the boiling water pipe 32i. Thesecond evaporator 32 is sucked and depressurized by asecond vacuum pump 33 by a root type mechanical booster pump, and a part of the returned boiling water is evaporated and separated into water vapor and boiling water. The supply pressure to thesecond vacuum pump 33 is adjusted by thepressure gauge 33a and thecontrol valve 33b. Then, the water vapor whose pressure has been increased by thesecond vacuum pump 33 is discharged as heat source water vapor.

前記第2真空ポンプ33の吐出側にはブロワー34が接続されており、前記熱源水蒸気がさらに昇圧されて、所望の設備や工程における熱源として利用する。なお、ブロワー34への供給圧力は、圧力計34aとコントロール弁34bとにより調整される。  Ablower 34 is connected to the discharge side of thesecond vacuum pump 33, and the heat source water vapor is further pressurized and used as a heat source in desired equipment and processes. The supply pressure to theblower 34 is adjusted by thepressure gauge 34a and thecontrol valve 34b.

また、前記第2真空ポンプ33の吐出側には第3熱交換器35が接続されており、前記熱源水蒸気の一部がこの第3熱交換器35に供給されて、前記第2蒸発缶32に返戻されるようにしてある。なお、第3熱交換器35への熱源水蒸気の供給量は、第3熱交換器35で加熱されたボイラー給水の温度を温度計35aで測定し、第3熱交換器35の入口側に配設されたコントロール弁35bの開度により調整される。また、第3熱交換器35には給水管36が接続されてボイラー給水が導入され、前記熱源水蒸気によって加熱される。このボイラー給水の流量は、流量計36aとコントロール弁36bとによって調整される。加熱されたボイラー給水は第3熱交換器35から排出された熱源水蒸気と混合されて第2蒸発缶32に供給される。すなわち、熱源水蒸気は熱源水蒸気管路32oを介して、第2真空ポンプ33と第3熱交換器35とを通り、ボイラー給水と混合されて第2蒸発缶32に返戻される。この際、コントロール弁33bにより第2真空ポンプ33への供給圧が調整され、コントロール弁35bによりボイラー給水の温度が調整され、コントロール弁36bによりボイラー給水の供給量が調整される。  Athird heat exchanger 35 is connected to the discharge side of thesecond vacuum pump 33, and a part of the heat source water vapor is supplied to thethird heat exchanger 35, so that thesecond evaporator 32 is supplied. To be returned. The supply amount of the heat source steam to thethird heat exchanger 35 is determined by measuring the temperature of boiler feed water heated by thethird heat exchanger 35 with athermometer 35a and arranging it on the inlet side of thethird heat exchanger 35. It is adjusted by the opening degree of the providedcontrol valve 35b. In addition, awater supply pipe 36 is connected to thethird heat exchanger 35 to introduce boiler feed water, which is heated by the heat source steam. The flow rate of the boiler feed water is adjusted by theflow meter 36a and thecontrol valve 36b. The heated boiler feed water is mixed with the heat source steam discharged from thethird heat exchanger 35 and supplied to thesecond evaporator 32. That is, the heat source steam passes through thesecond vacuum pump 33 and thethird heat exchanger 35 through the heat source steam line 32o, is mixed with the boiler feed water, and is returned to thesecond evaporator 32. At this time, the supply pressure to thesecond vacuum pump 33 is adjusted by thecontrol valve 33b, the temperature of the boiler feed water is adjusted by thecontrol valve 35b, and the supply amount of the boiler feed water is adjusted by thecontrol valve 36b.

以上により構成されたこの発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器の作用を、以下に説明する。  The operation of the superheated steam generator according to the present invention configured as described above will be described below.

この過熱水蒸気発生器では、例えば、前記第1蒸発缶23の内圧を35Torrとし飽和温度32℃の循環飽和水を封入し、これを前記供給ポンプ24によって前記被加熱管路23iを通して、エアフィンクーラーの上部に設置されているプレートフィン型の第1熱交換器22に供給する。この第1熱交換器22では、エアフィンクーラーで冷却用として利用されて、エアフィンクーラー出口で45〜60℃前後に昇温された排気から熱回収が図られる。第1熱交換器22を通過して加熱された循環飽和水は一部が蒸発して第1蒸発缶23に返戻される。第1真空ポンプ25により吸引されている第1蒸発缶23に返戻された循環飽和水は、水蒸気と循環飽和水とに分離され、水蒸気は前記熱媒水蒸気管路23oを通り、前記第1真空ポンプ25によって吸引され、圧縮されて260Torrに昇圧され、228℃の過熱蒸気(飽和温度73℃)である熱媒水蒸気を得る。この熱媒水蒸気が前記第2熱交換器31に供給され、第2蒸発缶31から前記沸点水管路32iから第2熱交換器31を通る沸点水を加熱する。なお、第2蒸発缶32は、例えば、内圧が200Torr、飽和温度約65℃にある。そして、前記第2熱交換器31で加熱された沸点水は一部が水蒸気となり第2蒸発缶32に返戻されて気液分離される。この200Torr、65℃の水蒸気は前記熱源水蒸気管路32oを通り前記第2真空ポンプ33に吸引され、圧縮されて大気圧に近い圧力まで昇圧されて、220℃の過熱蒸気(飽和温度99℃)である熱源水蒸気を吐出する。この熱源水蒸気の一部が前記第3熱交換器35に供給されて、外部から供給されるボイラー給水を加熱し、第3熱交換器35から排出されたボイラー給水と混合されて第2蒸発缶32に供給される。  In this superheated steam generator, for example, circulating saturated water with an internal pressure of thefirst evaporator 23 of 35 Torr and a saturation temperature of 32 ° C. is enclosed, and this is fed by thesupply pump 24 through the heated line 23i to the air fin cooler. Is supplied to a plate fin typefirst heat exchanger 22 installed at the top of the plate. In thefirst heat exchanger 22, heat recovery is achieved from the exhaust that is used for cooling by the air fin cooler and is heated to about 45 to 60 ° C. at the outlet of the air fin cooler. The circulating saturated water heated through thefirst heat exchanger 22 is partially evaporated and returned to thefirst evaporator 23. The circulating saturated water returned to thefirst evaporator 23 sucked by thefirst vacuum pump 25 is separated into water vapor and circulating saturated water, and the water vapor passes through the heat medium water vapor line 23o and passes through the first vacuum. It is sucked and compressed by thepump 25, and the pressure is increased to 260 Torr to obtain heat medium steam that is superheated steam at 228 ° C. (saturation temperature 73 ° C.). This heat medium water vapor is supplied to thesecond heat exchanger 31 to heat boiling water passing from thesecond evaporator 31 through thesecond heat exchanger 31 through the boiling water pipe 32i. Thesecond evaporator 32 has an internal pressure of 200 Torr and a saturation temperature of about 65 ° C., for example. A part of the boiling water heated by thesecond heat exchanger 31 is converted into water vapor and returned to thesecond evaporator 32 for gas-liquid separation. This 200 Torr, 65 ° C. water vapor is sucked into thesecond vacuum pump 33 through the heat source water vapor line 32o, compressed to a pressure close to atmospheric pressure, and 220 ° C. superheated steam (saturation temperature 99 ° C.). The heat source water vapor is discharged. Part of the heat source steam is supplied to thethird heat exchanger 35 to heat the boiler feed water supplied from the outside, and is mixed with the boiler feed water discharged from thethird heat exchanger 35 to be the second evaporator. Supplied to 32.

前記第2真空ポンプ33で昇圧された熱源水蒸気は、前記ブロワー34に供給されて0.3MPaGまでの範囲で昇圧されて、所望の設備や工程に供給されて熱源等として利用される。なお、用途によっては減温機などによって温度を調整して、スチームヘッダーやタービン等に供給される。  The heat source steam boosted by thesecond vacuum pump 33 is supplied to theblower 34 and boosted in the range up to 0.3 MPaG, and is supplied to desired equipment and processes to be used as a heat source or the like. Depending on the application, the temperature is adjusted by a temperature reducer or the like and supplied to a steam header, a turbine, or the like.

この実施形態では、エアフィンクーラー21からの排気を第1熱交換器22に導入するものとして説明したが、保有する熱量が大きい排気を行っている設備であれば、例えば冷却水装置等にも利用することができる。  In this embodiment, the exhaust from the air fin cooler 21 has been described as being introduced into thefirst heat exchanger 22. However, if the facility performs exhaust with a large amount of heat, for example, a cooling water device or the like Can be used.

次に、変形例を図2に基づいて説明する。この図2に示す変形例では、ボイラー給水管2を通してボイラー給水が蒸発缶1へ供給されている。蒸発缶1の供給側には熱交換器3が配設されており、ボイラー給水はこの熱交換器3を通って加熱されて蒸発缶1に供給される。熱交換器3の熱源には、この過熱水蒸気発生器が設置されるプラント設備から排出された、冷却に供された処理水、温廃水、石油精製設備、石油化学設備などの低温プロセス液などの処理液であって、100℃以下の低温処理液が用いられる。この低温処理液は熱媒供給管3aから供給されて、熱媒排出管3bから排出される。また、熱交換器は一つの機器の流路が単段または複数段からなり、生成された水蒸気、複数の温度レベルの廃液、廃水が熱媒供給管3c供給され、熱媒排出管3dから排出されて、ボイラー給水の温度を上昇させることが可能である。  Next, a modification is demonstrated based on FIG. In the modification shown in FIG. 2, boiler feed water is supplied to the evaporator 1 through the boiler feed pipe 2. A heat exchanger 3 is disposed on the supply side of the evaporator 1, and the boiler feed water is heated through the heat exchanger 3 and supplied to the evaporator 1. The heat source of the heat exchanger 3 includes low-temperature process liquids such as treated water, hot waste water, petroleum refining equipment, and petrochemical equipment discharged from the plant equipment where the superheated steam generator is installed. A low-temperature treatment liquid of 100 ° C. or lower is used as the treatment liquid. This low-temperature treatment liquid is supplied from the heatmedium supply pipe 3a and discharged from the heatmedium discharge pipe 3b. In addition, the heat exchanger has a single-stage or multiple-stage flow path for one device, and the generated water vapor, waste liquid at multiple temperature levels, and waste water are supplied to the heatmedium supply pipe 3c and discharged from the heatmedium discharge pipe 3d. It is possible to raise the temperature of the boiler feed water.

前記蒸発缶1の排出側には排出管4が接続されており、この排出管4にはルーツ型の真空ポンプ5a、5bが接続されている。なお、これら真空ポンプ5a、5bは前記蒸発缶1の内部を十分に真空とすることができる状態まで吸引できるように2台の真空ポンプ5a、5bを直列に接続させてあるが、1台の真空ポンプ5で十分に吸引できる。なお、高圧の蒸気を得る場合には2台を接続することで対応できる。  A discharge pipe 4 is connected to the discharge side of the evaporator 1, and roots typevacuum pumps 5 a and 5 b are connected to the discharge pipe 4. Thesevacuum pumps 5a and 5b are connected in series so that twovacuum pumps 5a and 5b are connected in series so that the inside of the evaporator 1 can be sufficiently vacuumed. Sufficient suction can be achieved with the vacuum pump 5. Note that high pressure steam can be obtained by connecting two units.

下流側の前記真空ポンプ5bの吐出側には、スチームエジェクターによる減温機6が接続されている。この減温機6に前記ボイラー給水管2から分岐させた吸引管6aが接続されて、ボイラー給水がこの減温機6の吸引側に供給される。なお、後述するように、駆動蒸気には前記真空ポンプ5bから吐出される過熱水蒸気が供給される。  A temperature reducer 6 using a steam ejector is connected to the discharge side of thevacuum pump 5b on the downstream side. Asuction pipe 6 a branched from the boiler water supply pipe 2 is connected to the temperature reducer 6, and boiler water is supplied to the suction side of the temperature reducer 6. As will be described later, superheated steam discharged from thevacuum pump 5b is supplied to the driving steam.

前記蒸発缶1にはドレイン管1aが接続され、前記ボイラー給水管2に配されたエジェクター7に接続されて、ドレインがボイラー給水とともに蒸発缶1に返戻されるようにしてある。  Adrain pipe 1a is connected to the evaporator 1 and connected to an ejector 7 disposed in the boiler water supply pipe 2 so that the drain is returned to the evaporator 1 together with the boiler water supply.

また、前記排出管4には、圧力コントローラ8aが設置されて、蒸発缶1からの吐出圧力を監視している。前記真空ポンプ5bの吐出側には圧力コントローラ8bが設置されて、該真空ポンプ5bの吐出側の圧力を監視している。前記減温機6の吐出側にはコントロールバルブ9aが設置されており、前記圧力コントローラ8bにより測定された圧力値に基づいて開閉されるようにしてある。また、この圧力コントローラ8bから前記真空ポンプ5a、5bのうちの一方の駆動モータ5cに制御信号が送出され、真空ポンプ5aの動作を制御して、吐出圧力等が調整されるようにしてある。  The discharge pipe 4 is provided with apressure controller 8a for monitoring the discharge pressure from the evaporator 1. Apressure controller 8b is installed on the discharge side of thevacuum pump 5b to monitor the pressure on the discharge side of thevacuum pump 5b. Acontrol valve 9a is installed on the discharge side of the temperature reducer 6, and is opened and closed based on the pressure value measured by thepressure controller 8b. Further, a control signal is sent from thepressure controller 8b to onedrive motor 5c of thevacuum pumps 5a and 5b, and the operation of thevacuum pump 5a is controlled to adjust the discharge pressure and the like.

また、前記減温機6の吐出側には、吐出された上記温度を計測して所望の温度に保つ温度コントローラ8cが設置されており、前記吸引管6aに設けたコントロールバルブ9bの開度がこの温度コントローラ8cにより調整されるようにしてある。  Further, atemperature controller 8c that measures the discharged temperature and maintains it at a desired temperature is installed on the discharge side of the temperature reducer 6, and the opening degree of thecontrol valve 9b provided in thesuction pipe 6a is determined. The temperature is adjusted by thetemperature controller 8c.

さらに、前記減温機6の下流側から、生成された飽和水蒸気が蒸気供給管10aを介して前記熱交換器3に供給されて、ボイラー給水を昇温させ、ドレイン排出管10bからドレインとして排出される。前記蒸気供給管10aにはコントロールバルブ9cが設けられており、蒸発缶1の内部温度が温度コントローラ8dにより計測されて、前記コントロールバルブ9cの開度が調整されることにより、飽和水蒸気の熱交換器3への供給量を調整してボイラー給水の温度を調整するようにしてある。  Further, the generated saturated steam is supplied from the downstream side of the temperature reducer 6 to the heat exchanger 3 through thesteam supply pipe 10a, the boiler feed water is heated, and discharged from thedrain discharge pipe 10b as a drain. Is done. Thesteam supply pipe 10a is provided with a control valve 9c. The internal temperature of the evaporator 1 is measured by atemperature controller 8d, and the degree of opening of the control valve 9c is adjusted, so that heat exchange of saturated steam is performed. The temperature of the boiler feed water is adjusted by adjusting the supply amount to the vessel 3.

この過熱水蒸気発生器が設置される各種のプラントで利用された処理水や低温プロセス流出液、低温凝縮水等が熱源とされて、前記熱交換器3に熱媒供給管3a、3cから供給される。前記蒸発缶1は真空ポンプ5a、5bによってほぼ真空となる負圧にされている。ここで、ボイラー給水は前記処理水や低温プロセス流出液、低温凝縮水等との間で熱交換されて昇温された後、前記蒸発缶1に供給される。さらに、後述するように、生成された飽和水蒸気が熱交換器3に供給されており、ボイラー給水はこの飽和水蒸気によっても昇温される。蒸発缶1内は負圧であってほぼ真空にあるから、供給されたボイラー給水は蒸発して過熱水蒸気が生成される。なお、この際に発生するドレインは前記ドレイン管1aからエジェクタ7に供給されて、ボイラー給水と共に熱交換器3へ供給される。  Treated water, low-temperature process effluent, low-temperature condensed water, etc. used in various plants where this superheated steam generator is installed are used as heat sources and supplied to the heat exchanger 3 through heatmedium supply pipes 3a and 3c. The The evaporator 1 is set to a negative pressure that is almost vacuumed byvacuum pumps 5a and 5b. Here, the boiler feed water is supplied to the evaporator 1 after being heat-exchanged with the treated water, the low-temperature process effluent, the low-temperature condensed water and the like to be heated. Further, as will be described later, the generated saturated steam is supplied to the heat exchanger 3, and the boiler feed water is also heated by this saturated steam. Since the inside of the evaporator 1 has a negative pressure and is almost in a vacuum, the supplied boiler feed water evaporates and superheated steam is generated. The drain generated at this time is supplied from thedrain pipe 1a to the ejector 7 and supplied to the heat exchanger 3 together with the boiler feed water.

生成された過熱水蒸気は真空ポンプ5a、5bから吐出されて、前記減温機6に供給されその駆動蒸気とされる。一方、減温機6にはボイラー給水が吸引側に供給されるから、駆動蒸気から飽和水蒸気が生成される。この飽和水蒸気の温度は前記温度コントローラ8cにより計測され、所望の温度の飽和水蒸気が得られるように、前記コントロールバルブ9bの開度が調整されて、ボイラー給水の供給量が調整されるようにしてある。なお、前述したように、この飽和水蒸気の一部は蒸気供給管10aを介して前記熱交換器3に熱媒として供給されている。  The generated superheated steam is discharged from thevacuum pumps 5a and 5b, supplied to the temperature reducer 6, and used as driving steam. On the other hand, since boiler supply water is supplied to the temperature reducer 6 on the suction side, saturated steam is generated from the drive steam. The temperature of the saturated steam is measured by thetemperature controller 8c, and the opening of thecontrol valve 9b is adjusted so that the saturated steam at a desired temperature is obtained, and the supply amount of boiler feed water is adjusted. is there. As described above, a part of the saturated steam is supplied as a heat medium to the heat exchanger 3 through thesteam supply pipe 10a.

そして、ルーツ型による前記真空ポンプ5a、5bの吐出圧力を調整することによって、所望の圧力の蒸気を得ることができる。  Then, by adjusting the discharge pressure of thevacuum pumps 5a and 5b using a roots type, steam having a desired pressure can be obtained.

この発明に係る過熱水蒸気発生器によれば、従来では廃棄されていた処理水等の低温熱源によって過熱蒸気を発生させるようにしたから、エネルギーの回収効率を向上させて、プラント設備等のエネルギ効率の向上に寄与する。  According to the superheated steam generator according to the present invention, since the superheated steam is generated by a low-temperature heat source such as treated water that has been disposed of in the past, the energy recovery efficiency is improved and the energy efficiency of the plant equipment or the like is improved. It contributes to the improvement.

1 蒸発缶
1a ドレイン管
2 ボイラー給水管
3 熱交換器
3a 熱媒供給管
3b 熱媒排出管
3c 熱媒供給管
3d 熱媒排出管
4 排出管
5a、5b 真空ポンプ
6 減温機
6a 吸引管
7 エジェクタ
8a、8b、圧力コントローラ
8c 温度コントローラ
9a、9b、9c コントロールバルブ
10a 蒸気供給管
10b ドレイン管
21 エアフィンクーラー
22 第1熱交換器
23 第1蒸発缶
23i 被加熱管路
23o 熱媒水蒸気管路
24 供給ポンプ
25 第1真空ポンプ
31 第2熱交換器
32 第2蒸発缶
32i 沸点水管路
32o 熱源水蒸気管路
33 第2真空ポンプ
34 ブロワー
36 給水管
1 Evaporator
1a Drain pipe 2 Boiler feed pipe 3 Heat exchanger
3a Heat medium supply pipe
3b Heat transfer pipe
3c Heat medium supply pipe
3d Heat medium discharge pipe 4 Discharge pipe
5a, 5b Vacuum pump 6 Reducer
6a Suction tube 7 Ejector
8a, 8b, pressure controller
8c temperature controller
9a, 9b, 9c control valve
10a Steam supply pipe
10b drain tube
21 Air fin cooler
22 1st heat exchanger
23 First evaporator
23i Heated pipeline
23o Heat transfer steam line
24 Supply pump
25 First vacuum pump
31 Second heat exchanger
32 Second evaporator
32i boiling water line
32o Heat source steam line
33 Second vacuum pump
34 Blower
36 Water supply pipe

Claims (3)

Translated fromJapanese
内部を負圧に吸引される第1蒸発缶と、
前記第1蒸発缶内で分離された循環飽和水を、エネルギー回収の対象となる設備における低温廃液や低温ガス等を加熱熱媒として加熱する第1熱交換器と、
前記循環飽和水を第1熱交換器へ供給する供給ポンプと、
前記第1蒸発缶の内部を吸引して負圧にすると共に、該第1蒸発缶内で蒸発した水蒸気を吸引して昇圧させた熱媒水蒸気を吐出する第1真空ポンプと、
内部を負圧に吸引される第2蒸発缶と、
前記第2蒸発缶で分離された沸点水が供給されて、前記第1真空ポンプから吐出された熱媒水蒸気を導入して前記沸点水を加熱する第2熱交換器と、
前記第2蒸発缶の内部を吸引して負圧にすると共に、該第2蒸発缶内で蒸発した水蒸気を吸引して昇圧させた熱源水蒸気を吐出する第2真空ポンプとを備え、
前記第2蒸発缶にボイラー給水を供給し、
前記第2熱交換器で前記沸点水の加熱に供した前記熱媒水蒸気を前記第1蒸発缶に返戻し、
前記熱源水蒸気をブロワーにより所望の圧力まで上昇させて所望の設備へ供給することを特徴とする過熱水蒸気発生器。
A first evaporator whose inside is sucked to a negative pressure;
A first heat exchanger that heats the circulating saturated water separated in the first evaporator by using, as a heating heat medium, a low-temperature waste liquid or a low-temperature gas in a facility to be energy-recovered;
A supply pump for supplying the circulating saturated water to the first heat exchanger;
A first vacuum pump that sucks the inside of the first evaporator to negative pressure and discharges the heat medium water vapor that has been sucked up and pressurized in the first evaporator;
A second evaporator, the interior of which is sucked to a negative pressure;
A second heat exchanger for supplying the boiling water separated by the second evaporator and introducing the heat medium water vapor discharged from the first vacuum pump to heat the boiling water;
A second vacuum pump that sucks the interior of the second evaporator to negative pressure and discharges the heat source steam that has been suctioned and increased in pressure in the second evaporator,
Supplying boiler feed water to the second evaporator,
Returning the heat medium water vapor used for heating the boiling water in the second heat exchanger to the first evaporator,
A superheated steam generator, wherein the heat source steam is raised to a desired pressure by a blower and supplied to a desired facility.
前記熱源水蒸気を供給する第3熱交換器を具備させ、前記ボイラー給水を該第3熱交換器を通して加熱させて、該第3熱交換器を通した熱源水蒸気とボイラー給水とを混合させて前記第2蒸発缶へ供給することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の過熱水蒸気発生器。  A third heat exchanger for supplying the heat source steam, the boiler feed water is heated through the third heat exchanger, and the heat source steam and the boiler feed water passed through the third heat exchanger are mixed to The superheated steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the superheated steam generator is supplied to the second evaporator. 前記第1真空ポンプと第2真空ポンプとに、ルーツ型メカニカルブースターポンプを用いていることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の過熱水蒸気発生器。  The superheated steam generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a roots type mechanical booster pump is used for the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump.
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