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JP2010214128A - Treatment instrument system and manipulator system - Google Patents

Treatment instrument system and manipulator system
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JP2010214128A
JP2010214128AJP2010115542AJP2010115542AJP2010214128AJP 2010214128 AJP2010214128 AJP 2010214128AJP 2010115542 AJP2010115542 AJP 2010115542AJP 2010115542 AJP2010115542 AJP 2010115542AJP 2010214128 AJP2010214128 AJP 2010214128A
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bending
manipulator
endoscope
treatment instrument
unit
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JP5085684B2 (en
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和彦 ▲高▼橋
Kazuhiko Takahashi
Toshio Nakamura
俊夫 中村
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Olympus Medical Systems Corp
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Abstract

Translated fromJapanese

【課題】内視鏡挿入部を挿通して使用する処置具は、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲加減により、駆動用ワイヤの経路が変化し、ワイヤに掛かる張力値が変化する。固定の制御パラメータで駆動制御を行うと、操作量で想定していた位置まで達しない場合がある。
【解決手段】内視鏡挿入部における湾曲状態情報に基づき、操作信号に対してマニピュレータの駆動量を調整するための制御パラメータを演算して変更する制御パラメータ部を備え、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲の状態が変わった際に、その変化に従う制御パラメータを算出して変更し、操作者が常に同じ操作動作で同じマニピュレータの動作が行われる処置具システム及びマニピュレータシステムである。
【選択図】 図1
A treatment instrument that is used by being inserted through an endoscope insertion portion changes a path of a drive wire and changes a tension value applied to the wire due to bending of the endoscope insertion portion. When drive control is performed with fixed control parameters, the position assumed by the operation amount may not be reached.
A control parameter unit that calculates and changes a control parameter for adjusting a driving amount of a manipulator with respect to an operation signal based on bending state information in an endoscope insertion unit is provided. A treatment instrument system and a manipulator system in which when a bending state changes, a control parameter according to the change is calculated and changed, and an operator always performs the same manipulator operation with the same operation operation.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

Translated fromJapanese

本発明は、内視鏡装置の挿入部に挿通される能動処置具を備える処置具システムに関する。  The present invention relates to a treatment instrument system including an active treatment instrument inserted through an insertion portion of an endoscope apparatus.

一般に、マスタスレーブ型アームロボットの1つとして、複数のロッド間が関節部により自在接ぎ手接続され、湾曲が自在なマニピュレータが知られている。例えば、内視鏡装置の内視鏡挿入部の処置具孔に挿通されて、種々の処置を行う処置具に用いられるマニピュレータがある。このマニピュレータは、先端部には用途に応じた種々の処置具例えば、電気メスや鉗子等が取り付けられている。このマニピュレータの各ロッド内には、それぞれ駆動用ワイヤが接続され、そのワイヤを牽引することにより、関節部が折曲される。  In general, as one of master-slave type arm robots, a manipulator in which a plurality of rods are freely jointed by joints and can be bent is known. For example, there is a manipulator that is used for a treatment tool that is inserted into a treatment tool hole of an endoscope insertion portion of an endoscope apparatus and performs various treatments. In this manipulator, various treatment tools such as an electric knife and forceps are attached to the tip portion according to the application. A drive wire is connected to each rod of the manipulator, and the joint is bent by pulling the wire.

ワイヤ牽引動作を行う場合、1つの関節部に即ち、1自由度に対して少なくとも2本のワイヤが用いられるため、関節数の2倍の本数のワイヤが配設されている。これらのワイヤの牽引量を加減することで、所望する位置姿勢に変位させることができる。
通常、マニピュレータのワイヤは、処置具挿入部内に配設されている。処置具挿入部は、内視鏡挿入部に挿嵌され、内視鏡の基端側に引き出された通じたワイヤが、駆動部であるアクチュエータに接続されている。
When performing the wire pulling operation, since at least two wires are used for one joint portion, that is, for one degree of freedom, the number of wires is twice as many as the number of joints. By adjusting the pulling amount of these wires, it can be displaced to a desired position and orientation.
Usually, the wire of a manipulator is arrange | positioned in the treatment tool insertion part. The treatment instrument insertion portion is inserted into the endoscope insertion portion, and a continuous wire drawn out to the proximal end side of the endoscope is connected to an actuator that is a drive portion.

このマニピュレータは、スレーブ側であり、外部に配設されたマスタ側の操作手段の操作に応じた動作を行う。一般的には、マニピュレータの湾曲動作は、操作手段の操作量に応じた動作量となるが、操作者の個性を考慮したものとして、例えば、特許文献1に記載されるような電動湾曲機構を搭載するシステムがある。このシステムでは、操作者の個性に合わせた固定の制御パラメータで操作手段の実際の操作量を調整した駆動信号を生成し、その駆動信号に従った電動湾曲動作を実現する。つまり、その操作者の癖や熟練度を考慮して、マニピュレータの移動量や移動速度を制御することにより、より安全度と操作性の向上を実現している。  This manipulator is on the slave side, and performs an operation according to the operation of the operating means on the master side provided outside. In general, the bending operation of the manipulator is an operation amount corresponding to the operation amount of the operation means. For example, an electric bending mechanism as described inPatent Literature 1 is used in consideration of the individuality of the operator. There is a system to be installed. In this system, a drive signal in which the actual operation amount of the operation means is adjusted with a fixed control parameter that matches the individuality of the operator is generated, and an electric bending operation according to the drive signal is realized. In other words, the safety level and the operability are improved by controlling the movement amount and movement speed of the manipulator in consideration of the operator's habit and skill level.

特開平8−071072号公報JP-A-8-071072

前述した処置具のマニピュレータは、軟性内視鏡装置に用いられた場合、内視鏡の挿入部の処置具孔に挿通される可撓性を持つ挿入部分と、先端側に設けられた自由度が大きい多関節構造の湾曲部とに用いられている。多関節構造の湾曲部は、ワイヤの牽引により関節部が曲折される。従って、湾曲部の先端に設けられたエンドエフェクタ(例えば、処置具)の位置姿勢は、それぞれの関節部の関節パラメータ(この場合は、関節間で成す角度)によって、決定されるため、エンドエフェクタの位置姿勢を操作者の目標位置姿勢と一致させるための関節パラメータの目標値を求める逆問題を解き、その後、現在の関節パラメータ値が目標パラメータ値と一致するように駆動制御を行っている。つまり、処置具の使用時には、挿入部と湾曲部は、患者の体腔内の形状に合わせて湾曲されている。  When the manipulator of the treatment instrument described above is used in a flexible endoscope apparatus, the flexible insertion portion inserted into the treatment instrument hole of the insertion portion of the endoscope and the degree of freedom provided on the distal end side. Is used for curved portions of large articulated structures. The bending portion of the multi-joint structure is bent by pulling the wire. Accordingly, the position and orientation of the end effector (for example, the treatment tool) provided at the distal end of the bending portion is determined by the joint parameter of each joint portion (in this case, the angle formed between the joints). The inverse problem of obtaining the target value of the joint parameter for matching the position and orientation of the operator with the target position and orientation of the operator is solved, and then drive control is performed so that the current joint parameter value matches the target parameter value. That is, when the treatment tool is used, the insertion portion and the bending portion are curved in accordance with the shape in the body cavity of the patient.

従って、内視鏡装置の挿入部に設けられた処置具孔又は、内視鏡装置に装着されたオーバーチューブの処置孔に通して使用する場合は、操作者の操作程度(入力)が同じであっても、内視鏡の挿入部の湾曲状態によって、実際の動きが変わってしまう。  Therefore, when used through the treatment tool hole provided in the insertion portion of the endoscope apparatus or the treatment hole of the overtube attached to the endoscope apparatus, the degree of operation (input) by the operator is the same. Even if it exists, an actual motion will change with the curved state of the insertion part of an endoscope.

これは、特許文献1に記載されるような制御パラメータは、内視鏡の挿入部内及び湾曲部の形状によって変化する場合があると考えられる。このため、操作者が想定していた動き(移動速度や曲がり具合)と異なる事態が発生する。通常、湾曲した状態は、真っ直ぐな状態に比べて、処置具までのワイヤの経路が長くなり、動作し難くさせる負荷が大きくなるため、処置具の動作が遅くなったり、操作量で想定していた位置まで達しない場合がある。  This is considered that the control parameters described inPatent Document 1 may change depending on the shape of the insertion portion and the bending portion of the endoscope. For this reason, a situation different from the movement (movement speed and bending state) assumed by the operator occurs. Usually, in the curved state, the wire path to the treatment instrument becomes longer and the load that makes it difficult to operate becomes larger than in the straight state. May not reach the correct position.

そこで本発明は、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態を検知し、その湾曲状態に応じて、挿入部に挿通される処置具及びマニピュレータにおける動作を調整し、操作性がよくスムーズに動作する処置具システムを提供することを目的とする。  Therefore, the present invention detects a bending state of an endoscope insertion portion, adjusts the operation of a treatment tool and a manipulator inserted through the insertion portion according to the bending state, and has a good operability and smoothly operates. The purpose is to provide a system.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明に従う実施形態は、所定の径を有する挿通路に挿通可能な外形に形成された先端部と、前記挿通路に挿通可能な外形に形成されるとともに前記先端部に対して連接される第1の可動部と、前記先端部と前記第1の可動部の連接部に設けられ、前記先端部と前記第1の可動部とを相対的に動作可能なように連結する第1の関節部と、前記挿通路に挿通可能な外形に形成されるとともに前記第1の可動部に対して連接される第2の可動部と、前記第1の可動部と前記第2の可動部の連接部に設けられ、前記第1の可動部と前記第2の可動部とを相対的に動作可能なように連結する第2の関節部と、前記先端部、前記第1の関節部、前記第1の可動部、前記第2の関節部、前記第2の可動部からなるマニピュレータ部を任意に操作可能な操作手段と、前記挿通路から前記マニピュレータ部に加わる外力を検知可能な検知手段と、前記検知手段からの検知結果に基づいて、前記マニピュレータ部の駆動状態を制御する制御手段と、を備えたマニピュレータシステムを提供する。  In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment according to the present invention includes a tip formed in an outer shape that can be inserted into an insertion passage having a predetermined diameter, an outer shape that can be inserted into the insertion passage, and the tip. A first movable part that is connected to a part, and a connecting part between the tip part and the first movable part so that the tip part and the first movable part can be operated relatively. A first joint portion connected to the first movable portion, a second movable portion formed in an outer shape that can be inserted into the insertion passage and connected to the first movable portion, the first movable portion, and the A second joint portion provided at a connecting portion of the second movable portion and operatively connecting the first movable portion and the second movable portion; the tip portion; Manipulation comprising one joint part, the first movable part, the second joint part, and the second movable part An operation means capable of operating the part arbitrarily, a detection means capable of detecting an external force applied to the manipulator part from the insertion passage, and a control for controlling a driving state of the manipulator part based on a detection result from the detection means And a manipulator system comprising the means.

この処置具システムは、内視鏡装置の挿入部に挿通された処置具又は及びマニピュレータが、内視鏡装置の挿入部が湾曲した状態で掛かる力の変化に対して、その湾曲状態に応じた制御パラメータを生成して、処置具及びマニピュレータを駆動するための駆動信号に付加され、操作者が所望する位置や角度に関節動作させる。  This treatment tool system responds to the bending state of a treatment tool or a manipulator inserted through the insertion portion of the endoscope apparatus in response to a change in force applied when the insertion portion of the endoscope apparatus is bent. A control parameter is generated and added to a drive signal for driving the treatment instrument and the manipulator, and the operator performs a joint operation at a position and an angle desired by the operator.

本発明によれば、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態を検知し、その湾曲状態に応じて、挿入部に挿通される処置具及びマニピュレータにおける動作を調整し、操作性がよくスムーズに動作する処置具システムを提供することができる。  According to the present invention, the bending state of the endoscope insertion portion is detected, and the operation of the treatment tool and the manipulator inserted through the insertion portion is adjusted according to the bending state, so that the operability is smoothly operated. Tool system can be provided.

図1は、処置具システムの構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the treatment instrument system.図2(a),(b)は、本実施形態における多関節のマニピュレータの具体的な構成を示す図である。2A and 2B are diagrams showing a specific configuration of the multi-joint manipulator in the present embodiment.図3は、本実施形態のマニピュレータの多関節構造モデルの一例を示す図ある。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a multi-joint structure model of the manipulator of the present embodiment.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態について詳細に説明する。
本発明に従う第1の実施形態における処置具システムについて説明する。図1は、処置具システムの構成を示すブロック図である。図2(a),(b)は、本実施形態における処置具等に用いられる多関節のマニピュレータ2の具体的な構成を示す図である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
A treatment instrument system in a first embodiment according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the treatment instrument system. FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a specific configuration of themulti-joint manipulator 2 used in the treatment instrument or the like in the present embodiment.

本実施形態の処置具システム1は、内視鏡装置20の内視鏡挿入部27の処置具孔(鉗子チャンネル孔)内又は、内視鏡外側に装着するオーバーチューブの処置具孔内を挿通し、先端から延出する処置具及びマニピュレータを、例えば、関節部とワイヤ牽引による湾曲動作及び処置動作を行うマスタスレーブ型電動処置具である。尚、以下の各実施形態に記載される内視鏡や処置具は、モータ等の動力源により関節部の屈曲動作や処置具の可動部位における開閉,把持等の動作を行う能動内視鏡及び能動処置具であるものとし、以下の説明では、単に内視鏡や処置具と称している。また、動力源としては、モータ等の磁力により駆動する電気駆動源の他にも、油圧駆動源や気体圧駆動源もその範疇に含まれている。  Thetreatment instrument system 1 of the present embodiment is inserted through the treatment instrument hole (forceps channel hole) of theendoscope insertion portion 27 of theendoscope apparatus 20 or the treatment instrument hole of an overtube attached to the outside of the endoscope. The treatment instrument and manipulator extending from the distal end are, for example, a master-slave type electric treatment instrument that performs a bending operation and a treatment operation by pulling a joint and a wire. It should be noted that the endoscope and treatment instrument described in each of the following embodiments include an active endoscope that performs a bending operation of a joint part, an opening / closing operation and a gripping operation of a movable part of the treatment tool by a power source such as a motor, and the like. In the following description, the active treatment tool is simply referred to as an endoscope or a treatment tool. The power source includes a hydraulic drive source and a gas pressure drive source in addition to an electric drive source driven by a magnetic force such as a motor.

この処置具システム1は、大別して、内視鏡挿入部27の処置具孔に挿通され、進退可能で湾曲自在な処置具挿入部18と、処置具挿入部18の先端に設けられ内視鏡挿入部27の処置具孔口27aから延出するマニピュレータ2と、操作者が動作指示を行う操作部3と、操作部3の操作量に応じた操作信号を生成するマスタ部4と、後述する湾曲状態情報を生成する湾曲状態情報生成部5と、マニピュレータ2を駆動するマニピュレータ駆動部(アクチュエータ)6と、マスタ部4からの操作信号を制御パラメータで調整した制御信号を生成し、マニピュレータ駆動部6を駆動制御する処置具制御部7と、湾曲状態情報に基づき操作信号に対してマニピュレータ2の駆動量を調整するための制御パラメータを算出して処置具制御部7に提供する制御パラメータ部8と、で構成される。  Thetreatment instrument system 1 is broadly divided into a treatmentinstrument insertion section 18 that is inserted into a treatment instrument hole of theendoscope insertion section 27 and can be advanced and retracted, and an endoscope provided at the distal end of the treatmentinstrument insertion section 18. Themanipulator 2 extending from thetreatment instrument hole 27a of theinsertion unit 27, theoperation unit 3 in which the operator gives an operation instruction, themaster unit 4 that generates an operation signal corresponding to the operation amount of theoperation unit 3, and a later-described operation A bending stateinformation generating unit 5 that generates bending state information, a manipulator driving unit (actuator) 6 that drives themanipulator 2, and a control signal obtained by adjusting operation signals from themaster unit 4 with control parameters are generated, and the manipulator driving unit And a treatment instrument controller 7 for controlling the driving of the robot 6 and a control parameter for adjusting the driving amount of themanipulator 2 with respect to the operation signal based on the bending state information and providing it to the treatment instrument controller 7 That acontrol parameter section 8, in constructed.

尚、本実施形態では、軟性の内視鏡挿入部に挿通される処置具及びマニピュレータの関節部の湾曲動作を例として説明するが、これらの関節部は屈曲動作だけではなく、例えば、直動・処置具の開閉動作を行う関節部もあり、この関節部においても容易に適用できる。
尚、本実施形態では、マスタ部4、湾曲状態情報生成部5、処置具制御部7及び制御パラメータ部8が筐体に収容され、処置具システム1の制御部として機能としている。
また、以下の実施形態では、主としてマニピュレータ2の関節動作を例に挙げて説明する。
In this embodiment, the bending operation of the joint portion of the treatment instrument and the manipulator inserted through the flexible endoscope insertion portion will be described as an example. -There is also a joint part that opens and closes the treatment tool, and this joint part can be easily applied.
In the present embodiment, themaster unit 4, the bending stateinformation generation unit 5, the treatment instrument control unit 7, and thecontrol parameter unit 8 are housed in a housing and function as a control unit of thetreatment instrument system 1.
Further, in the following embodiment, description will be given mainly taking the joint operation of themanipulator 2 as an example.

本実施形態では、マニピュレータ2の先端に、処置具ユニット9として、電気メス9a及び把持具(例えば、鉗子)9bが設けられた例を示している。さらに、電気メス9aを用いたため、電気メス9aに高周波電源を供給する電源装置10と、術者の足操作により高周波電気メスに高周波電源を供給する指示を行うフットスイッチ11と、電源装置10に接続され処置をする患者12の体表面に貼られる対極板13とを備えている。尚、処置具は、電気メス9aや鉗子等以外にも、一般的な処置具又は、これらの組み合わせを備えてもよい。  In the present embodiment, an example in which anelectric knife 9a and a gripping tool (for example, forceps) 9b are provided as thetreatment tool unit 9 at the distal end of themanipulator 2 is shown. Furthermore, since theelectric knife 9a is used, thepower supply apparatus 10 that supplies high-frequency power to theelectric knife 9a, thefoot switch 11 that instructs to supply high-frequency electric power to the high-frequency electric knife by the operator's foot operation, and thepower supply apparatus 10 And acounter electrode plate 13 which is attached to the body surface of apatient 12 to be connected to perform treatment. The treatment instrument may include a general treatment instrument or a combination thereof other than theelectric knife 9a and forceps.

電源装置10には、電源の供給状態等を表示するディスプレイ14と、出力ワット数入カパネル15と、出力モード選択パネル16と、電力出力端子17とが設けられている。電力出力端子17は、内部に設けられている電源ユニット(図示せず)から出力された高周波電力を電気メス9aに供給する。  Thepower supply device 10 is provided with adisplay 14 for displaying a power supply state, an outputwattage input panel 15, an outputmode selection panel 16, and apower output terminal 17. Thepower output terminal 17 supplies high frequency power output from a power supply unit (not shown) provided therein to theelectric knife 9a.

内視鏡装置20は、内視鏡挿入部27の先端に設けられた撮像部21により撮像された画像データに対して種々の画像処理やデータ処理を行う画像処理部22と、撮像部に21に隣接して配置され、図示しないライトガイドファイバを通じて照明光窓23から病変部12aを含む観察視野に照射する照明光を生成する光源部24と、内視鏡装置システム全体の制御及び演算処理等を行う内視鏡制御部25と、撮像された画像及びその画像に関するデータ及び装置状態や操作指示等を表示するモニタ26と、患者の体腔12内に進退可能に挿入され、先端部分にマニピュレータ2と同等の多関節機構を備え湾曲可能な内視鏡湾曲部27bを有する内視鏡挿入部27と、内視鏡湾曲部27bを電動で湾曲させる電動湾曲操作部28と、内視鏡の湾曲操作を指示するための湾曲用ジョイスティック29と、で構成される。  Theendoscope apparatus 20 includes animage processing unit 22 that performs various image processing and data processing on image data captured by the imaging unit 21 provided at the distal end of theendoscope insertion unit 27, and 21 in the imaging unit. And alight source unit 24 that generates illumination light that irradiates an observation visual field including thelesioned part 12a from the illumination light window 23 through a light guide fiber (not shown), control of the entire endoscope apparatus system, arithmetic processing, etc. Anendoscope control unit 25 for performing the above operation, amonitor 26 for displaying a captured image, data related to the image, apparatus state, operation instructions, and the like, and amanipulator 2 inserted into thebody cavity 12 of the patient so as to be able to advance and retract. Anendoscope insertion portion 27 having a bendableendoscope bending portion 27b, an electric bending operation portion 28 for electrically bending theendoscope bending portion 27b, and an endoscope bay Acurving joystick 29 for instructing the operation, in constructed.

内視鏡装置20の電動湾曲操作部28は、後述するマニピュレータ駆動部6と略同等の構成であり、複数の牽引用ワイヤ51と、各ワイヤ51の他端に連結する複数のプーリ52と、各プーリ52が回転軸に嵌装されたモータ53と、それぞれのモータ53を個別に駆動するモータ駆動部54と、各モータ53に設けられたエンコーダ55と、エンコーダ55が検出した値に基づき、モータ駆動部54を制御する湾曲制御部56と、各ワイヤ51に働く張力値を検出する張力センサ及び内視鏡挿入部27の歪み量を検出する歪みゲージを有するセンサ部57と、を備えている。さらに湾曲制御部56は、湾曲用ジョイスティック29に接続され、湾曲操作の指示が入力される。また、湾曲状態情報生成部5は、センサ部として機能するエンコーダ55により検出されたプーリ52におけるプーリ角度情報(ワイヤ牽引情報)から湾曲状態情報を生成する。  The electric bending operation unit 28 of theendoscope apparatus 20 has substantially the same configuration as a manipulator driving unit 6 described later, a plurality of pullingwires 51, a plurality of pulleys 52 connected to the other end of eachwire 51, Based on the motor 53 in which each pulley 52 is fitted to the rotation shaft, the motor drive unit 54 that individually drives each motor 53, the encoder 55 provided in each motor 53, and the value detected by the encoder 55, A bending control unit 56 for controlling the motor driving unit 54; and asensor unit 57 having a tension sensor for detecting a tension value acting on eachwire 51 and a strain gauge for detecting the strain amount of theendoscope insertion unit 27. Yes. Further, the bending control unit 56 is connected to the bendingjoystick 29 and receives an instruction for a bending operation. Further, the bending stateinformation generation unit 5 generates bending state information from pulley angle information (wire pulling information) in the pulley 52 detected by the encoder 55 functioning as a sensor unit.

また、電動湾曲操作部28は、装置本体20との間をケーブル58で接続される。このケーブルには、照明光を送光するライトガイドファイバと画像信号線及び制御信号線等からなる信号線を含んでいる。また、本実施形態では、内視鏡及び処置具のそれぞれにジョイスティックを設けた構成例を示したが、これらの操作機能を1つのジョイスティックに集約して構成してもよい。  The electric bending operation unit 28 is connected to the apparatusmain body 20 with acable 58. This cable includes a light guide fiber that transmits illumination light, and a signal line including an image signal line, a control signal line, and the like. Further, in the present embodiment, the configuration example in which the joystick is provided in each of the endoscope and the treatment instrument is shown, but these operation functions may be integrated into one joystick.

また本実施形態の処置具システムは、電動湾曲操作部28と内視鏡挿入部27とが接続固定された構成の内視鏡装置に適用した例について説明しているが、内視鏡挿入部が電動湾曲操作部とは着脱可能に構成された内視鏡装置であっても同様に適用することは可能である。  Moreover, although the treatment tool system of this embodiment is described as an example applied to an endoscope apparatus having a configuration in which the electric bending operation unit 28 and theendoscope insertion unit 27 are connected and fixed, the endoscope insertion unit However, the present invention can also be applied to an endoscope apparatus configured to be detachable from the electric bending operation unit.

尚、1つの電動湾曲操作部に複数の内視鏡挿入部を交換して接続できる構成であったならば、後述する内視鏡挿入部毎に固有の制御パラメータを制御部内に設けられたメモリのテーブルに予め登録しておき、接続時にその内視鏡挿入部に該当する制御パラメータを読み出して設定すればよい。また、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態を検出するためのセンサ等は本実施形態と同等に設けられていることが望ましい。  If the configuration is such that a plurality of endoscope insertion portions can be exchanged and connected to one electric bending operation portion, a memory provided with a control parameter unique to each endoscope insertion portion described later in the control portion And the control parameters corresponding to the endoscope insertion unit may be read out and set at the time of connection. In addition, it is desirable that a sensor or the like for detecting the bending state of the endoscope insertion portion is provided in the same manner as in this embodiment.

本実施形態の処置具システムについて詳細に説明する。
まず、実施形態のマニピュレータ2の構成について説明する。図2(a)は、マニピュレータ2の外観構成例を示し、図2(b)は、マニピュレータ2の断面構成例を示す。
このマニピュレータ2は、複数の円筒形状の湾曲駒41(41-1,41-2,41-3,41-4,41-5)と、これらの湾曲駒41を折曲自在に連結する軸部材42(42-1,42-2,42-3,42-4)と、マニピュレータ2の先端側の湾曲駒41-1に設けられた電気メス9a(又は、把持部9b)と、比較的柔らかに弾性的に曲がり得る処置具挿入部18と、処置具挿入部18と基端側の湾曲駒41-1とを連結する連結部材44と、を有している。
The treatment instrument system of this embodiment will be described in detail.
First, the configuration of themanipulator 2 of the embodiment will be described. FIG. 2A shows an example of the external configuration of themanipulator 2, and FIG. 2B shows an example of a cross-sectional configuration of themanipulator 2.
Themanipulator 2 includes a plurality of cylindrical bending pieces 41 (41-1, 41-2, 41-3, 41-4, 41-5) and a shaft member that connects the bendingpieces 41 so as to be bent. 42 (42-1, 42-2, 42-3, 42-4) and theelectric knife 9a (or gripping part 9b) provided on the bending piece 41-1 on the distal end side of themanipulator 2 are relatively soft. A treatmentinstrument insertion portion 18 that can be bent elastically, and aconnection member 44 that couples the treatmentinstrument insertion portion 18 and the proximal bending piece 41-1.

これらの湾曲駒41と軸部材42との連結形態の内部には、1つの湾曲駒41毎に先端部分がロウ付け等により固着される少なくとも2本が組となるワイヤ[ワイヤ]43(43-1,43-2,43-3,43-4)と、各ワイヤ43を挿通し各湾曲駒41からアクチュエータ6のコネクタまで貫くように設けられる可撓性コイル45(45-1,45-2,45-3,45-4)と、電気メス9aに高周波電源を供給するための電源供給線46と、内視鏡挿入部27の基端側から先端の湾曲駒41-1まで電源供給線46が挿通されて設けられる可撓管47と、で構成される。  Inside the connection form of the bendingpiece 41 and theshaft member 42, a wire [wire] 43 (43- 43) in which at least two of the bendingpieces 41 are fixed at their distal ends by brazing or the like. 1, 43-2, 43-3, 43-4) and flexible coils 45 (45-1, 45-2) provided so as to pass through thewires 43 and penetrate from the bendingpieces 41 to the connector of the actuator 6. , 45-3, 45-4), apower supply line 46 for supplying high frequency power to theelectric knife 9a, and a power supply line from the proximal end side of theendoscope insertion portion 27 to the bending piece 41-1 at the distal end. 46 and aflexible tube 47 provided by being inserted therethrough.

湾曲駒41と軸部材42との連結形態について説明する。
マニピュレータ2における先端と幹端(基端側)に配置される湾曲駒を除く各湾曲駒41には、先端側に湾曲駒円筒中心を挟んで設けられる舌片状の2つの先端側突出部と、基端側に、先端側突出部と直交する方向(90度の回転)で円筒中心を挟んで設けられる舌片状の2つの基端側突出部とがそれぞれに設けられている。
A connection form between the bendingpiece 41 and theshaft member 42 will be described.
Each bendingpiece 41 excluding the bending piece arranged at the distal end and the trunk end (base end side) in themanipulator 2 has two tongue-like protruding portions on the distal end side provided with the bending piece cylinder center on the distal end side. On the base end side, two tongue-like base end side projecting portions are provided on both sides of the cylindrical center in a direction (90 ° rotation) perpendicular to the tip side projecting portion.

湾曲駒41間の連結構成は、図2(a)に示すように、例えば、湾曲駒41-2の基端側突出部Aと、湾曲駒41-3の先端側突起部Bとにそれぞれ穴を開けて、穴を重ね合わせ、リベット形状の軸部材42-2を嵌装させて回動即ち、折曲自在に連結される。このような湾曲駒41間を軸部材42により自在接ぎ手連結を行い、複数段に連結する。この連結により湾曲駒41は前後の湾曲駒との間で90度ずれた連結形態となる。  As shown in FIG. 2A, the connecting configuration between the bendingpieces 41 includes, for example, holes in the proximal end side protruding portion A of the bending piece 41-2 and the distal end side protruding portion B of the bending piece 41-3. Are opened, the holes are overlapped, and a rivet-shaped shaft member 42-2 is fitted to be pivotally connected, that is, bendable. The bendingpieces 41 are freely joined by theshaft member 42 to be connected in a plurality of stages. By this connection, the bendingpiece 41 is connected to the front and rear bending pieces by 90 degrees.

このように湾曲駒41の軸部材42の接続位置が交互に90度ずれた自在接ぎ手接続の形態において、所望する湾曲駒41のワイヤ43の一方を引くことにより、2つの軸部材42を中心軸として振り動かされる。従って、所望する湾曲駒41のワイヤ43の引き具合により、各湾曲駒41間を自在に折曲又は直線的に延伸させる所謂、関節動作を行い、電気メス9aや把持部9bを3次元的に所望する位置に変位させることができる。  Thus, in the form of a universal joint connection in which the connection positions of theshaft members 42 of the bendingpieces 41 are alternately shifted by 90 degrees, by pulling one of thewires 43 of the desiredbending pieces 41, the twoshaft members 42 are centered. It is swung as an axis. Therefore, a so-called joint operation is performed in which the bendingpieces 41 are freely bent or linearly stretched according to the desired degree of pulling of thewire 43 of the bendingpiece 41, and theelectric knife 9a and the grip portion 9b are three-dimensionally arranged. It can be displaced to a desired position.

マニピュレータ駆動部6は、処置具制御部7からの制御信号により、マニピュレータ2を電動駆動する。マニピュレータ駆動部6は、マニピュレータ2の湾曲駒41に一端が接続される複数のワイヤ30と、各ワイヤ30の他端に連結する複数のプーリ31と、ワイヤ牽引の駆動源となる各プーリ31が回転軸に嵌装されたモータ32と、それぞれのモータ32を個別に駆動するモータ駆動部33と、各ワイヤ30の張力を検出する張力センサ34と、で構成される。  The manipulator driving unit 6 electrically drives themanipulator 2 by a control signal from the treatment instrument control unit 7. The manipulator driving unit 6 includes a plurality ofwires 30 whose one ends are connected to thebending piece 41 of themanipulator 2, a plurality ofpulleys 31 connected to the other end of eachwire 30, and eachpulley 31 serving as a driving source for wire pulling. Themotor 32 is fitted on the rotary shaft, themotor drive unit 33 that individually drives eachmotor 32, and thetension sensor 34 that detects the tension of eachwire 30.

操作部3は、図1に示すように、簡易化された多関節のアーム機構を有するアーム操作部3a,3bで構成される。アーム操作を検出するセンサとしては、磁気センサや加速度センサ等を用いて、アーム機構における各湾曲駒の動作量と動作方向を検出する。その他のセンサとしては、各湾曲駒に発光源(例えば、レーザ発光素子)を設けて、支柱などの固定部材に受光素子を配置する。その受光素子に入射した光の入射角度や信号強度(減衰加減)等により、動作量と移動方向を検出することも可能である。  As shown in FIG. 1, theoperation unit 3 includes arm operation units 3a and 3b each having a simplified articulated arm mechanism. As a sensor for detecting an arm operation, a movement amount and a movement direction of each bending piece in the arm mechanism are detected using a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, or the like. As other sensors, a light emitting source (for example, a laser light emitting element) is provided in each bending piece, and a light receiving element is arranged on a fixing member such as a support. It is also possible to detect the operation amount and the moving direction based on the incident angle of the light incident on the light receiving element, the signal intensity (attenuation).

ユーザによるアーム操作部3a,3bの移動量(操作指示量)に基づく操作信号がマスタ部4で生成され、処置具制御部7に出力される。操作部3は、アーム機構以外の一般的な入力部位としては、例えば、ボタンスイッチ、ジョイスティック、キーボード等を用いることができる。操作部3による操作指示は、マニピュレータ2に対して主従の関係を持ち、主となる操作部3による操作指示に従って、従となるマニピュレータ2が湾曲動作及び処置を実行する。また、マニピュレータ2は、体腔内に挿入されて遠隔操作されるため、処置具を直接的に視認できない。そのため、内視鏡に撮像された動画像をモニタ26で見ながら操作部3を操作して、マスタ部4から指示を送ることとなる。  An operation signal based on the movement amount (operation instruction amount) of the arm operation units 3 a and 3 b by the user is generated by themaster unit 4 and output to the treatment instrument control unit 7. Theoperation unit 3 can use, for example, a button switch, a joystick, a keyboard or the like as a general input part other than the arm mechanism. The operation instruction by theoperation unit 3 has a master-slave relationship with themanipulator 2, and thesubordinate manipulator 2 executes a bending operation and treatment according to the operation instruction by themain operation unit 3. Further, since themanipulator 2 is inserted into the body cavity and remotely operated, the treatment tool cannot be directly visually recognized. Therefore, theoperation unit 3 is operated while viewing the moving image captured by the endoscope on themonitor 26, and an instruction is sent from themaster unit 4.

処置具のマニピュレータ2における湾曲状態は、張力センサ34の張力値から位置姿勢を知ることができる。ここで、マニピュレータ2の湾曲動作について説明する。
図3には、本実施形態のマニピュレータ2の5つの湾曲駒41-1〜41-5と4つの関節部42-1〜42-4による4自由度の多関節構造モデルを示す。尚、図3に示していないが、通常のマニピュレータ2の基端側には、マニピュレータ2全体を軸方向に折曲させる軸部材と、マニピュレータ2全体を軸回り方向に動かす軸部材が設けられている。4つの軸部材42-1〜42-4は、交互に軸方向と軸回り方向に湾曲駒を折曲する。
The bending state in themanipulator 2 of the treatment tool can know the position and orientation from the tension value of thetension sensor 34. Here, the bending operation of themanipulator 2 will be described.
FIG. 3 shows a four-degree-of-freedom multi-joint structure model including five bending pieces 41-1 to 41-5 and four joint portions 42-1 to 42-4 of themanipulator 2 of the present embodiment. Although not shown in FIG. 3, a shaft member for bending theentire manipulator 2 in the axial direction and a shaft member for moving theentire manipulator 2 in the direction around the axis are provided on the base end side of thenormal manipulator 2. Yes. The four shaft members 42-1 to 42-4 alternately bend the bending pieces in the axial direction and the direction around the axis.

これらの構成において、例えば、図3には、軸部材42-1と軸部材42-3がそれぞれ回動して、湾曲駒41-1と湾曲駒41-2間と、湾曲駒41-3と湾曲駒41-4間が折曲された状態を示す。
現在の多関節マニピュレータ2の位置姿勢を検出する。各軸部材18の関節角度(所謂、制御パラメータの1つである関節パラメータ)を次式(1)、
In these configurations, for example, in FIG. 3, the shaft member 42-1 and the shaft member 42-3 are respectively rotated, and between the bending pieces 41-1 and 41-2, and the bending pieces 41-3. The state between the bending pieces 41-4 is shown.
The current position and orientation of the articulatedmanipulator 2 are detected. The joint angle of each shaft member 18 (so-called joint parameter which is one of the control parameters) is expressed by the following equation (1),

Figure 2010214128
と表現すると、例えば、図3に示すように 軸部材42-1の折曲角度は、−θ3となり、軸部材42-3の折曲角度は、θ5となる。
これら以外の軸部材42の折曲角度は、初期位置から変化が無ければ、関節パラメータが0のままとなる。電気メス9aの位置姿勢は、
Figure 2010214128
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the bending angle of the shaft member 42-1 is −θ3, and the bending angle of the shaft member 42-3 is θ5.
If the bending angle of theshaft member 42 other than these is not changed from the initial position, the joint parameter remains zero. The position and orientation of theelectric knife 9a is

Figure 2010214128
と表現でき、その関係は、
Figure 2010214128
Figure 2010214128
And the relationship is
Figure 2010214128

で表すことができる。ここで、電気メス9aの現在の位置姿勢を次式、

Figure 2010214128
とし、電気メス9aが変位する目標位置姿勢を、Can be expressed as Here, the current position and orientation of theelectric knife 9a is expressed by the following equation:
Figure 2010214128
And the target position and posture at which theelectric knife 9a is displaced,

Figure 2010214128
と置くと、電気メス9aの目標位置Ppの状態にするためには、関節パラメータΦを、
Figure 2010214128
To set the joint parameter Φ to the target position Pp of theelectric knife 9a,

Figure 2010214128
を満たすΦから、
Figure 2010214128
From Φ that satisfies

Figure 2010214128
Figure 2010214128

を満たすΦに変更する必要がある。これらの関係式は、非線形であるため、Φpを求めるためには、EpをΦの要素で偏微分したヤコビアン行列J(Φ)は、It is necessary to change to Φ that satisfies Since these relational expressions are nonlinear, in order to obtain Φp, the Jacobian matrix J (Φ) obtained by partial differentiation of Ep with respect to the element of Φ is

Figure 2010214128
を求め、
Figure 2010214128
Seeking

Figure 2010214128
から、
Figure 2010214128
From

Figure 2010214128
を満たすΦpを収束計算によって求めることができる。これらの計算処理、即ち目標位置姿勢の算出は、処置具制御部7内のCPU36により演算処理される。
Figure 2010214128
Φp satisfying can be obtained by convergence calculation. These calculation processes, that is, the calculation of the target position and orientation, are processed by the CPU 36 in the treatment instrument control unit 7.

湾曲状態情報生成部5について説明する。
湾曲状態情報生成部5は、センサ部57の検出値から内視鏡挿入部27及び湾曲部27bにおける湾曲状態情報(湾曲姿勢位置)を生成する。
The bending stateinformation generation unit 5 will be described.
The bending stateinformation generation unit 5 generates bending state information (curving posture position) in theendoscope insertion unit 27 and thebending unit 27b from the detection value of thesensor unit 57.

ここで、湾曲状態情報は、少なくとも、内視鏡挿入部27の湾曲状態情報、内視鏡挿入部27の先端側に設けられる湾曲部27bの湾曲状態情報、プーリ52の回転量又はその回転量により牽引されたワイヤ51のワイヤ長又は送り出されたワイヤ長の湾曲状態情報とからなる。これらのうち、内視鏡20の挿入部27の湾曲状態情報は、センサ部57の歪みゲージを用いて検出された挿入部27の歪み量に関する情報である。  Here, the bending state information includes at least the bending state information of theendoscope insertion portion 27, the bending state information of the bendingportion 27b provided on the distal end side of theendoscope insertion portion 27, the rotation amount of the pulley 52, or the rotation amount thereof. And the bending state information of the wire length of thewire 51 pulled by or the wire length fed out. Among these, the bending state information of theinsertion portion 27 of theendoscope 20 is information relating to the strain amount of theinsertion portion 27 detected using the strain gauge of thesensor portion 57.

この歪み量から挿入部27の現状の湾曲状態を想定することができる。尚、センサ部57の張力センサを用いて挿入部27の湾曲の変化を検出することも可能である。湾曲部27bが直線状態(即ち、処置具の湾曲用ワイヤに負荷が掛からない形態の時)の張力センサの張力値を初期値とすれば、張力値の変化で湾曲部27bの湾曲の程度を知ることができる。  From this amount of distortion, the current bending state of theinsertion portion 27 can be assumed. Note that it is also possible to detect a change in the bending of theinsertion portion 27 using the tension sensor of thesensor portion 57. If the tension value of the tension sensor when the bendingportion 27b is in a straight line state (that is, when the load is not applied to the bending wire of the treatment instrument) is set as an initial value, the degree of bending of the bendingportion 27b can be determined by changing the tension value. I can know.

次に、制御パラメータ部8について説明する。
まず、制御パラメータの変更の必要性について説明する。
本実施形態においては、処置具による患部の処置にあたって、モータを駆動源として、ワイヤの牽引によりマニピュレータ2が湾曲駆動されて、患部の所望する位置に処置具を宛がっている。この処置具の挿入部18は、患者の体腔内の形状に合わせて湾曲されている内視鏡挿入部27内及び湾曲部27b内を挿通している。そのため、内視鏡挿入部27や湾曲部27bにおける湾曲の弧が小さい又は湾曲箇所の数が多いほど、処置具挿入部18内に配設されるワイヤ30の経路長が変化し、且つ負荷が変化して掛かっている。
Next, thecontrol parameter unit 8 will be described.
First, the necessity of changing the control parameter will be described.
In this embodiment, when the affected part is treated with the treatment tool, themanipulator 2 is driven to bend by pulling the wire using a motor as a drive source, and the treatment tool is placed at a desired position of the affected part. The treatmentinstrument insertion portion 18 is inserted through theendoscope insertion portion 27 and the bendingportion 27b, which are curved in accordance with the shape of the body cavity of the patient. Therefore, the path length of thewire 30 disposed in the treatmentinstrument insertion portion 18 changes and the load increases as the arc of bending in theendoscope insertion portion 27 and the bendingportion 27b is smaller or the number of bending portions is larger. It has changed and is hanging.

前述したように、予め設定された制御パラメータ(関節パラメータ等の固定値)を用いて、操作の便宜を図ったとしても、湾曲状態により変化する負荷により、操作者が想定していた動き(移動速度や曲がり具合)とは異なる事態が発生する。  As described above, even if the control parameters (fixed values such as joint parameters) set in advance are used for convenience of operation, the movement (movement) assumed by the operator due to the load that changes depending on the bending state A situation that is different from the speed and bending) occurs.

本実施形態では、この制御パラメータは、予め定めた湾曲情報の変化量(信号値)を越える毎にパラメータ値を変更する。つまり、湾曲状態に対して、一定の変化毎に、挿入部内及び湾曲部の湾曲状態に応じて制御パラメータを変更(書き換え)させることにより、湾曲状態が変わったとしても、操作者の操作に従ったマニピュレータや処置具の動き(移動速度や曲がり具合)を実行する。尚、制御パラメータの変更は、湾曲情報の変化量だけではなく、予め定めた時間毎により変更するようにしてもよい。この制御パラメータの変更は、処置具又はマニピュレータ2が駆動している限り、継続して実行される。つまり、駆動中は、制御パラメータが常時、変更される。  In this embodiment, this control parameter changes the parameter value every time it exceeds a predetermined amount of change (signal value) in bending information. In other words, even if the bending state changes by changing (rewriting) the control parameter in accordance with the bending state in the insertion portion and the bending portion for every certain change with respect to the bending state, the operation of the operator is followed. The movement of the manipulator and treatment instrument (movement speed and bending condition) is executed. Note that the control parameter may be changed not only by the amount of change in the bending information but also by a predetermined time. The change of the control parameter is continuously executed as long as the treatment instrument ormanipulator 2 is driven. That is, the control parameter is constantly changed during driving.

本実施形態における制御パラメータ部8は、湾曲状態情報に基づき操作信号に対してマニピュレータ2の駆動量を調整するための制御パラメータを格納し、湾曲状態情報の変化に伴い、予め設定された演算式又はプログラムに従い随時算出し、処置具制御部7に設けられた制御テーブルの該当テーブルに随時、出力して更新を行う。  Thecontrol parameter unit 8 in the present embodiment stores a control parameter for adjusting the driving amount of themanipulator 2 with respect to the operation signal based on the bending state information, and a calculation formula that is set in advance as the bending state information changes. Or it calculates at any time according to a program, and outputs it to the corresponding table of the control table provided in the treatment instrument control unit 7 and updates it at any time.

処置具制御部7は、マスタ部4からの操作指示及び制御パラメータ部からの機能の制御条件や制御パラメータを入力する機能制御入力部35と、各種の演算処理及び各構成部位への指示を行う中央処理部(CPU)36と、画像及び通信データ等を保存するメモリ37と、で構成される。CPU36は、張力センサ34の検出信号により、マニピュレータ2の位置姿勢(湾曲状態を含む)と処置具9の動作状態を検知する。メモリ37には、起動時の初期データと、選択可能な操作者別に動作条件を設定するためのIDパラメータ(個別入力比)とが記憶される。IDパラメータは、操作者の操作の癖などを解消して標準的な操作又は適切な操作となるように調整するためのパラメータである。  The treatment instrument control unit 7 performs an operation instruction from themaster unit 4 and a function control input unit 35 for inputting function control conditions and control parameters from the control parameter unit, and various arithmetic processes and instructions to each component. A central processing unit (CPU) 36 and amemory 37 for storing images, communication data, and the like are included. The CPU 36 detects the position and orientation (including the curved state) of themanipulator 2 and the operating state of thetreatment instrument 9 based on the detection signal of thetension sensor 34. Thememory 37 stores initial data at startup and an ID parameter (individual input ratio) for setting operation conditions for each selectable operator. The ID parameter is a parameter for adjusting a standard operation or an appropriate operation by eliminating a habit of an operator's operation.

制御パラメータとしては、観察用・処置用スレーブマニピュレータの教示データや、マスタースレーブスケール比、感度等が挙げられる。これらのうち、マスタースレーブスケール比は、操作部3におけるアームの動作量に対して、マニピュレータ2の動作量をどの程度にするのかを決定するパラメータである。アームの動作量において、処置具の移動距離であれば、例えば、マスタースレーブスケール比が1に設定されていれば、操作部3の先端の移動量が10mmの時には、処置具の移動量が10mmになるようにマニピュレータ2が動作する。一方、マスタースレーブスケール比が0.1であれば、操作部3の先端の移動量が10mmの時には、処置具の移動量が1mmになるようにマニピュレータ2が動作する。この例は、位置の移動に対するスケール比であるが、マスタ側とスレーブ側との角度比についても同様である。  Examples of the control parameter include teaching data of the observation / treatment slave manipulator, master-slave scale ratio, sensitivity, and the like. Among these, the master / slave scale ratio is a parameter that determines how much the operation amount of themanipulator 2 is set with respect to the operation amount of the arm in theoperation unit 3. If the movement distance of the treatment tool is the movement distance of the arm, for example, if the master-slave scale ratio is set to 1, when the movement amount of the distal end of theoperation unit 3 is 10 mm, the movement amount of the treatment tool is 10 mm. Themanipulator 2 operates so that On the other hand, if the master-slave scale ratio is 0.1, themanipulator 2 operates so that the amount of movement of the treatment instrument is 1 mm when the amount of movement of the distal end of theoperation unit 3 is 10 mm. In this example, the scale ratio with respect to the movement of the position is the same, but the same applies to the angle ratio between the master side and the slave side.

また、制御パラメータとして感度を用いた場合、例えば、操作部3のアームに磁気センサを取り付けて、そのセンサ信号を湾曲状態情報として用いた場合に、入力感度を変化させることによって、マニピュレータ2の不感帯の大きさを変化させることができる。例えば、入力感度を1mmに設定すると、磁気センサが1mm以上動かない限り、マニピュレータ2は動作しない。これによって、操作者の手ブレやふらつき等による、マニピュレータ2の無駄な動作を排除することができる。  When sensitivity is used as a control parameter, for example, when a magnetic sensor is attached to the arm of theoperation unit 3 and the sensor signal is used as bending state information, the dead sensitivity of themanipulator 2 is changed by changing the input sensitivity. The size of can be changed. For example, when the input sensitivity is set to 1 mm, themanipulator 2 does not operate unless the magnetic sensor moves by 1 mm or more. As a result, useless operations of themanipulator 2 due to camera shake or wobbling of the operator can be eliminated.

次に、湾曲状態情報を用いた制御パラメータの算出、及び湾曲状態情報の変化に伴う制御パラメータの変更(書き換え)の一例について説明する。
例えば、内視鏡の湾曲状態をεとすると、
湾曲状態がない(直線で湾曲していない) ε=0
湾曲状態が正側(例えば、水平を0とすれば上方向に湾曲) ε>0
湾曲状態が負側(例えば、水平を0とすれば下方向に湾曲) ε<0
となる。また、左右方向も同様に正面を0として、右方向を正側、左方向を負側と設定して判断してもよい。勿論、この様な設定は、設計時に適宜決定すればよい。
Next, an example of calculation of the control parameter using the bending state information and a change (rewrite) of the control parameter accompanying the change of the bending state information will be described.
For example, if the bending state of the endoscope is ε,
No curved state (straight and not curved) ε = 0
Curved state is positive side (for example, if the horizontal is 0, it is curved upward) ε> 0
Curved state is negative (for example, if the horizontal is 0, it is curved downward) ε <0
It becomes. Similarly, the left and right directions may be determined by setting the front to 0, setting the right direction as the positive side, and the left direction as the negative side. Of course, such a setting may be appropriately determined at the time of design.

ここで、ε=0の時、操作者により入力設定されたモータ目標角度をθ1、さらに、検出されたεによって決定するモータ目標角度をθ2とすると、
θ2=F(θ1,ε)
で求められる。F(θ1,ε)は、例えば、
F(θ1,ε)=θ1+Dε (D:定数)
となる。
Here, when ε = 0, the motor target angle input and set by the operator is θ1, and further, the motor target angle determined by the detected ε is θ2.
θ2 = F (θ1, ε)
Is required. F (θ1, ε) is, for example,
F (θ1, ε) = θ1 + Dε (D: constant)
It becomes.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の処置具システムによれば、操作者による操作部の操作量と、処置具が設けられたマニピュレータとの動作量の関係を調整する制御パラメータが内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態に応じて変更されるため、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態が変化しても、その変化における制御パラメータを算出して、以前の制御パラメータを書き換えることにより、操作者にとっては、常に同じ操作動作で同じマニピュレータの動作が行われるため、これまでのように内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態が影響せずに、操作性が良好となり、処置に対する労力が軽減される。  As described above, according to the treatment instrument system of the present embodiment, the control parameter for adjusting the relationship between the operation amount of the operation unit by the operator and the operation amount of the manipulator provided with the treatment instrument is inserted into the endoscope. Therefore, even if the bending state of the endoscope insertion portion changes, by calculating the control parameter in the change and rewriting the previous control parameter, for the operator, Since the same manipulator operation is always performed with the same operation operation, the operability is improved and the labor for the treatment is reduced without the influence of the bending state of the endoscope insertion portion as before.

次に、処置具制御部7による処置具システムの駆動制御について説明する。
まず、処置具制御部7は、電源投入の起動と共に、初期化処理が実施される。この時、予め設定された教示データが初期データとして設定される。この時、操作者の操作の個性に応じて設定されているIDパラメータがある場合には、メモリファイルから読み出して条件設定を行う。併せて、使用する内視鏡装置の処置具挿入部18毎に有する固有の制御パラメータ又は、使用する処置具毎に有する固有の制御パラメータを操作者が入力又は、制御パラメータ部8の図示しないメモリのテーブルに予め登録しておき、そのパラメータ群の中から選択して読み出して、初期設定を行う。
Next, drive control of the treatment instrument system by the treatment instrument controller 7 will be described.
First, the treatment instrument control unit 7 performs an initialization process when the power is turned on. At this time, preset teaching data is set as initial data. At this time, if there is an ID parameter set according to the individuality of the operation by the operator, the condition is set by reading from the memory file. In addition, the operator inputs a unique control parameter for each treatmentinstrument insertion portion 18 of the endoscope apparatus to be used or a unique control parameter for each treatment instrument to be used, or a memory (not shown) of thecontrol parameter section 8 Are registered in advance, selected from the parameter group, read out, and initial setting is performed.

操作者(術者)は、操作部3を把持し、モニタ26を見ながら、手術を実施する。その術者の手の動きに併せて、アーム操作部3a,3bから操作指示量を示す信号がマスタ部4に入力される。マスタ部4は、操作信号として生成し、機能制御入力部35に出力する。  An operator (operator) holds theoperation unit 3 and performs an operation while watching themonitor 26. Along with the movement of the operator's hand, a signal indicating the operation instruction amount is input to themaster unit 4 from the arm operation units 3a and 3b. Themaster unit 4 generates an operation signal and outputs it to the function control input unit 35.

また、センサ部57及びエンコーダ55により検知された内視鏡挿入部27の湾曲状態から湾曲状態情報を生成して、機能制御入力部35に出力する。同様に張力センサ34から機能制御入力部35に検知信号が出力される。機能制御入力部35は、操作信号、湾曲状態情報及び制御パラメータをCPU36に出力する。CPU36は、前述した演算手法により演算処理され、その演算結果に基づく制御信号がそれぞれのモータ駆動部33,54に出力されて各湾曲駒41,42からなる各関節部に関節動作(屈曲又は直線延伸)させて、術者が所望する位置に処置具が移動される。  Further, the bending state information is generated from the bending state of theendoscope insertion unit 27 detected by thesensor unit 57 and the encoder 55 and is output to the function control input unit 35. Similarly, a detection signal is output from thetension sensor 34 to the function control input unit 35. The function control input unit 35 outputs an operation signal, bending state information, and control parameters to the CPU 36. The CPU 36 performs arithmetic processing by the above-described arithmetic method, and a control signal based on the arithmetic result is output to the respectivemotor drive units 33 and 54 so that the joint operation (bending or straight line) is performed on each joint portion including the bendingpieces 41 and 42. The treatment tool is moved to a position desired by the operator.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の処置具システムは、内視鏡装置の挿入部に挿通された処置具又は/及びマニピュレータが、内視鏡装置の挿入部が湾曲した状態で掛かる力の変化に対して、その湾曲状態に応じた制御パラメータを生成して、処置具及びマニピュレータにおける駆動信号を加減して、動作を調整し、操作者が所望する位置や角度に関節動作させて、操作性がよく且つスムーズに動作させることができる。  As described above, the treatment instrument system according to the present embodiment is configured such that the treatment tool or / and the manipulator inserted through the insertion portion of the endoscope apparatus changes in the force applied when the insertion section of the endoscope apparatus is curved. Therefore, the control parameters corresponding to the bending state are generated, the drive signals in the treatment instrument and the manipulator are adjusted, the operation is adjusted, and the joint is moved to the position and angle desired by the operator. And can be operated smoothly.

前述した実施形態には、以下の要旨が含まれている。
(1)内視鏡装置における湾曲自在な内視鏡挿入部内の処置具孔又は、内視鏡挿入部外側に装着するオーバーチューブの処置具孔に、基端側から処置具挿入部が挿通され、前記処置具孔から延出して先端に処置具が設けられ、複数の湾曲駒を関節部により複数の自由度を備えるように自在接ぎ手連結し、前記湾曲駒の各々にワイヤが固定されるマニピュレータと、
前記ワイヤを牽引して、前記関節部を軸に前記湾曲駒を関節動作させ、前記処置具を駆動するアクチュエータと、
前記処置具を駆動する指示入力及び、前記マニピュレータが所望する目標位置姿勢となるように指示入力を行う操作部と、
前記内視鏡挿入部及び処置具挿入部の湾曲状態を検出するセンサ部と、
前記センサ部により検出された検出信号から前記内視鏡挿入部及び処置具挿入部の湾曲状態情報を随時生成する湾曲状態情報生成部と、
前記湾曲状態情報生成部による湾曲状態情報から前記操作部の操作量を前記アクチュエータの操作量に調整する制御パラメータを生成し提供する制御パラメータ部と、
前記湾曲状態情報生成部による湾曲状態情報に変化があった場合には、その変化後に前記制御パラメータ部が生成した前記制御パラメータに変更して、前記マニピュレータ及び前記処置具を駆動する処置具制御部と、
を具備することを特徴とする処置具システム。
この処置具システムは、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態情報に変化があった場合には、制御パラメータを変更して、アクチュエータの駆動が操作部による指示入力と一致するように調整する。
The embodiments described above include the following gist.
(1) The treatment instrument insertion portion is inserted from the proximal end into the treatment instrument hole in the endoscope insertion portion that can be bent in the endoscope apparatus or the treatment instrument hole of the overtube attached to the outside of the endoscope insertion portion. A manipulator that extends from the treatment tool hole, is provided with a treatment tool at the tip, and has a plurality of bending pieces jointed by a joint portion so as to have a plurality of degrees of freedom, and a wire is fixed to each of the bending pieces. When,
Pulling the wire, causing the bending piece to be articulated with the joint portion as an axis, and driving the treatment instrument; and
An instruction input for driving the treatment instrument, and an operation unit for inputting the instruction so that the manipulator has a desired target position and posture;
A sensor unit for detecting a bending state of the endoscope insertion unit and the treatment instrument insertion unit;
A bending state information generating unit that generates bending state information of the endoscope insertion unit and the treatment instrument insertion unit as needed from a detection signal detected by the sensor unit;
A control parameter unit that generates and provides a control parameter for adjusting the operation amount of the operation unit to the operation amount of the actuator from the bending state information by the bending state information generation unit;
When there is a change in the bending state information by the bending state information generation unit, the change is made to the control parameter generated by the control parameter unit after the change, and the treatment tool control unit that drives the manipulator and the treatment tool When,
A treatment instrument system comprising:
When there is a change in the bending state information of the endoscope insertion portion, the treatment instrument system changes the control parameter and adjusts the drive of the actuator to coincide with the instruction input from the operation portion.

(2)前記センサ部は、湾曲状態情報を得るために、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲を歪み量として検出する歪みゲージと、
前記アクチュエータの駆動源となるモータの軸に設けられたプーリの回転量を検出するエンコーダと、
処置具挿入部の先端側に設けられる湾曲部を湾曲動作するためのワイヤを牽引する際に掛かるワイヤ張力を検出する張力センサと、
を備えることを特徴とする前記(1)項に記載の処置具システム。
この処置具システムは、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態情報を得るために、歪みゲージ及びエンコーダと、処置具挿入部の湾曲状態情報を得る張力センサとを用いている。
(2) The sensor unit detects a bending of the endoscope insertion unit as a distortion amount in order to obtain bending state information;
An encoder that detects a rotation amount of a pulley provided on a shaft of a motor that is a drive source of the actuator;
A tension sensor for detecting a wire tension applied when pulling a wire for bending the bending portion provided on the distal end side of the treatment instrument insertion portion;
The treatment instrument system according to item (1), further comprising:
This treatment instrument system uses a strain gauge and an encoder and a tension sensor that obtains the curvature state information of the treatment instrument insertion portion in order to obtain the bending state information of the endoscope insertion portion.

(3)前記湾曲状態情報生成部に生成される前記湾曲状態情報は、少なくとも、
前記内視鏡挿入部に歪みゲージを用いて検出された該内視鏡挿入部の歪み量に関する湾曲状態情報と、
前記内視鏡挿入部の先端側に設けられる湾曲部におけるワイヤ張力に関する湾曲状態情報と、
前記エンコーダにより検出された前記プーリの回転量又は、該プーリに連結され、その回転量により牽引されたワイヤ長又は送り出されたワイヤ長に関する湾曲状態情報と、を含むことを特徴とする前記(2)項に記載の前記処置具システム。
この処置具システムの湾曲状態情報は、内視鏡挿入部の歪み量、ワイヤ張力、プーリの回転量又は、その回転量により牽引されたワイヤ長又は送り出されたワイヤ長がある。
(3) The bending state information generated by the bending state information generation unit is at least
Bending state information relating to the amount of distortion of the endoscope insertion portion detected using a strain gauge in the endoscope insertion portion;
Bending state information regarding wire tension in the bending portion provided on the distal end side of the endoscope insertion portion;
The rotation amount of the pulley detected by the encoder, or the bending state information related to the wire length connected to the pulley and pulled by the rotation amount or the wire length sent out (2) The treatment instrument system according to item).
The bending state information of the treatment instrument system includes the amount of distortion of the endoscope insertion portion, wire tension, the amount of rotation of the pulley, or the wire length pulled by the amount of rotation or the wire length sent out.

(4)内視鏡の処置具若しくは、内視鏡外側に装着するオーバーチューブの処置具孔を挿通させて装着する能動処置具と、
前記能動処置具を駆動させる能動処置具駆動手段と、
前記能動処置具駆動手段を制御するための駆動制御信号に予め設定された制御パラメータを反映させて制御する能動処置具制御手段と、
操作者が前記処置具若しくは前記能動処置具を操作するための能動処置具制御手段に指示を入力する入力手段と、
前記内視鏡の湾曲状態情報を獲得するための内視鏡湾曲状態獲得手段と、
で構成され
前記能動処置具制御手段は、前記内視鏡湾曲状態獲得手段からの湾曲状態情報によって制御パラメータを変更することを特徴とする内視鏡処置システム。
この処置具システムは、内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態情報に変化に応じて、制御パラメータを変更して、能動処置具の駆動が入力手段による指示入力と一致するように調整する。
(4) An active treatment tool that is inserted through a treatment tool hole of an endoscope or a treatment tool hole of an overtube that is attached to the outside of the endoscope;
Active treatment instrument driving means for driving the active treatment instrument;
Active treatment tool control means for reflecting a control parameter set in advance in a drive control signal for controlling the active treatment tool drive means; and
An input means for an operator to input an instruction to an active treatment instrument control means for operating the treatment instrument or the active treatment instrument;
Endoscope bending state acquisition means for acquiring bending state information of the endoscope;
The endoscopic treatment system is characterized in that the active treatment instrument control means changes a control parameter according to bending state information from the endoscope bending state acquisition means.
In this treatment instrument system, the control parameter is changed in accordance with the change in the bending state information of the endoscope insertion portion so as to adjust the drive of the active treatment instrument to coincide with the instruction input by the input means.

(5)前記内視鏡は、操作者の指示に従って電動駆動により動作する能動内視鏡であり、内視鏡駆動手段、内視鏡制御手段及び、内視鏡入力手段を有することを特徴とする(4)項に記載の内視鏡処置システム。
(6)内視鏡の湾曲状態情報とは、内視鏡の湾曲管部の湾曲情報、内視鏡の湾曲管部を除く挿入部の湾曲情報、内視鏡を湾曲させるためのワイヤを引くためのプーリ回転量(回転角度)のいずれか、若しくは組み合わされた情報であることを特徴とする(4)項に記載の内視鏡処置システム。
湾曲状態情報は、湾曲管部及び内視鏡挿入部の湾曲状態と、プーリ回転量(回転角度)とする。
(5) The endoscope is an active endoscope that operates by electric driving in accordance with an instruction from an operator, and includes an endoscope driving unit, an endoscope control unit, and an endoscope input unit. The endoscope treatment system according to (4).
(6) The bending state information of the endoscope is bending information of the bending tube portion of the endoscope, bending information of the insertion portion excluding the bending tube portion of the endoscope, and a wire for bending the endoscope The endoscope treatment system according to item (4), characterized in that the information is any one of or a combination of pulley rotation amounts (rotation angles).
The bending state information includes the bending state of the bending tube portion and the endoscope insertion portion, and the pulley rotation amount (rotation angle).

(7)前記内視鏡湾曲状態獲得手段は、前記内視鏡に搭載されていることを特徴とする(4)項に記載の内視鏡処置システム。
(8)前記内視鏡湾曲状態獲得手段は、オーバーチューブに搭載されていることを特徴とする(4)項に記載の内視鏡処置システム。
(9)前記内視鏡湾曲状態獲得手段は、内視鏡とオーバーチューブの双方にそれぞれ搭載されて構成されることを特徴とする前記(4)項に記載の内視鏡処置システム。
(10)前記内視鏡は、操作者の遠隔操作による指示に従って電動駆動する内視鏡であることを特徴とする(5)項に記載の内視鏡処置システム。
(7) The endoscope treatment system according to (4), wherein the endoscope bending state acquisition means is mounted on the endoscope.
(8) The endoscope treatment system according to (4), wherein the endoscope bending state acquisition means is mounted on an overtube.
(9) The endoscope treatment system according to (4), wherein the endoscope bending state acquisition means is mounted on both the endoscope and the overtube.
(10) The endoscope treatment system according to (5), wherein the endoscope is an endoscope that is electrically driven in accordance with an instruction by a remote operation by an operator.

この内視鏡処置システムは、マスタ−スレーブ方式の内視鏡装置に搭載される。
(11)前記内視鏡は、内視鏡挿入部と、操作者の操作部位である前記内視鏡入力手段部とは、着脱可能に構成されることを特徴とする(5)項に記載の内視鏡処置システム。
(12)前記着脱可能に構成される前記内視鏡は、前記電動湾曲操作部に交換して接続される複数の内視鏡挿入部毎の固有の制御パラメータを前記能動処置具制御手段に設けられたメモリのテーブルに予め登録され、接続時にその内視鏡挿入部に該当する制御パラメータを読み出して設定することを特徴とする(11)項に記載の内視鏡処置システム。
この内視鏡処置システムは、各内視鏡挿入部のそれぞれに制御パラメータを付与し、個体差に生じているバラツキも考慮して制御パラメータが設定される。
This endoscope treatment system is mounted on a master-slave type endoscope apparatus.
(11) The endoscope according to (5), wherein the endoscope is configured to be detachable from an endoscope insertion portion and the endoscope input means portion that is an operation part of an operator. Endoscopic treatment system.
(12) The endoscope configured to be detachable is provided with a unique control parameter for each of a plurality of endoscope insertion portions connected to the electric bending operation portion in exchange for the electric bending operation portion. The endoscope treatment system according to item (11), wherein the control parameter is registered in advance in a stored memory table, and a control parameter corresponding to the endoscope insertion section is read out and set when connected.
In this endoscope treatment system, a control parameter is assigned to each of the endoscope insertion portions, and the control parameter is set in consideration of variations caused by individual differences.

1…処置具システム、2…マニピュレータ、3…操作部、4…マスタ部、5…湾曲状態情報生成部、6…マニピュレータ駆動部、7…処置具制御部、8…制御パラメータ部、9…処置具ユニット、9a…電気メス、9b…把持具、10…電源装置、11…フットスイッチ、12…患者、12a…病変部、13…対極板、14…ディスプレイ、15…出力ワット数入カパネル、16…出力モード選択パネル、17…電力出力端子、18…処置具挿入部、20…内視鏡装置、21…撮像部、22…画像処理部、23…照明光窓、24…光源部、25…内視鏡制御部、26…モニタ、27…内視鏡挿入部、27a…チャンネル口、27b…内視鏡湾曲部、28…電動湾曲操作部、29…湾曲用ジョイスティック、30…ワイヤ、31…プーリ、32…モータ、33…モータ駆動部、34…張力センサ、35…機能制御入力部、36…中央処理部(CPU)、37…メモリ、51…牽引用ワイヤ、52…プーリ、53…モータ、54…モータ駆動部、55…エンコーダ、56…湾曲制御部、57…センサ部。  DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 1 ... Treatment tool system, 2 ... Manipulator, 3 ... Operation part, 4 ... Master part, 5 ... Bending state information generation part, 6 ... Manipulator drive part, 7 ... Treatment tool control part, 8 ... Control parameter part, 9 ... Treatment Tool unit, 9a ... electric knife, 9b ... gripping tool, 10 ... power supply, 11 ... foot switch, 12 ... patient, 12a ... lesioned part, 13 ... counter electrode, 14 ... display, 15 ... panel with output wattage, 16 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Output mode selection panel, 17 ... Power output terminal, 18 ... Treatment instrument insertion part, 20 ... Endoscope apparatus, 21 ... Imaging part, 22 ... Image processing part, 23 ... Illumination light window, 24 ... Light source part, 25 ... Endoscope control section, 26 ... monitor, 27 ... endoscope insertion section, 27 a ... channel port, 27 b ... endoscope bending section, 28 ... electric bending operation section, 29 ... bending joystick, 30 ... wire, 31 ... Pulley, 32Motor 33,motor drive unit 34, tension sensor 35, function control input unit 36, central processing unit (CPU) 37,memory 51 traction wire 52, pulley 53, motor 54, motor Drive unit, 55 ... encoder, 56 ... bending control unit, 57 ... sensor unit.

Claims (1)

Translated fromJapanese
所定の径を有する挿通路に挿通可能な外形に形成された先端部と、
前記挿通路に挿通可能な外形に形成されるとともに前記先端部に対して連接される第1の可動部と、
前記先端部と前記第1の可動部の連接部に設けられ、前記先端部と前記第1の可動部とを相対的に動作可能なように連結する第1の関節部と、
前記挿通路に挿通可能な外形に形成されるとともに前記第1の可動部に対して連接される第2の可動部と、
前記第1の可動部と前記第2の可動部の連接部に設けられ、前記第1の可動部と前記第2の可動部とを相対的に動作可能なように連結する第2の関節部と、
前記先端部、前記第1の関節部、前記第1の可動部、前記第2の関節部、前記第2の可動部からなるマニピュレータ部を任意に操作可能な操作手段と、
前記挿通路から前記マニピュレータ部に加わる外力を検知可能な検知手段と、
前記検知手段からの検知結果に基づいて、前記マニピュレータ部の駆動状態を制御する制御手段と、
を備えたマニピュレータシステム。
A tip formed in an outer shape that can be inserted into an insertion passage having a predetermined diameter;
A first movable portion formed in an outer shape that can be inserted into the insertion passage and connected to the tip portion;
A first joint portion provided at a connecting portion between the tip portion and the first movable portion, and operatively connecting the tip portion and the first movable portion;
A second movable portion formed in an outer shape that can be inserted into the insertion passage and connected to the first movable portion;
A second joint portion provided at a connecting portion between the first movable portion and the second movable portion and operatively connecting the first movable portion and the second movable portion so as to be relatively operable. When,
An operation means capable of arbitrarily operating the manipulator portion including the tip portion, the first joint portion, the first movable portion, the second joint portion, and the second movable portion;
Detecting means capable of detecting an external force applied to the manipulator part from the insertion path;
Control means for controlling the driving state of the manipulator unit based on the detection result from the detection means,
Manipulator system equipped with.
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