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JP2010103746A - Imaging apparatus - Google Patents

Imaging apparatus
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JP2010103746A
JP2010103746AJP2008273061AJP2008273061AJP2010103746AJP 2010103746 AJP2010103746 AJP 2010103746AJP 2008273061 AJP2008273061 AJP 2008273061AJP 2008273061 AJP2008273061 AJP 2008273061AJP 2010103746 AJP2010103746 AJP 2010103746A
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flicker
image
light
brightness
receiving element
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Hiroyuki Tanaka
弘之 田中
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Hoya Corp
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Hoya Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an imaging apparatus for suppressing deterioration of AF precision by a flicker without changing exposure time. <P>SOLUTION: The imaging apparatus 1 includes a light-receiving element 49 and a control section 30. The light-receiving element 49 detects brightness of a subject. The control section 30 determines whether a flicker, namely a periodical variation of brightness, occurs and calculates the period of the flicker, based on information on the brightness obtained by the light-receiving element 49, and adjusts the frame rate of an image pickup element 53 to an integral multiple of the period of the flicker when exposure time is shorter than the period of the flicker. The image pickup element 53 is driven by a rolling shutter. The control section 30 adjusts the output timing of a vertical synchronizing signal so that a line including an AF region is exposed at timing when intensity of light generating the flicker shows the maximum value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

Translated fromJapanese

本発明は、撮像装置に関し、特にフリッカによるAF精度低下を抑制する撮像装置に関する。  The present invention relates to an imaging apparatus, and more particularly, to an imaging apparatus that suppresses AF accuracy degradation caused by flicker.

蛍光灯の下のように、明るさが周期的に変動するフリッカがある環境下で、デジタルカメラで短い露光時間で撮像を行うと、フレーム間で画像の輝度値が変動する。また、撮像素子がCMOSのようにローリングシャッタで駆動される場合には、画像上にラインごとの光の強弱を示す縞模様が発生する。AFを行う画像が暗い場合、またはAF領域と該縞模様の暗い部分とが重複した場合には、AF精度が低下する。  When an image is captured with a short exposure time with a digital camera in an environment where there is flicker whose brightness varies periodically, such as under a fluorescent lamp, the luminance value of the image varies between frames. Further, when the image sensor is driven by a rolling shutter like a CMOS, a stripe pattern indicating the intensity of light for each line is generated on the image. If the image to be AF is dark, or if the AF area and the dark part of the striped pattern overlap, the AF accuracy is lowered.

特許文献1では、フリッカを検出した場合には、露光時間を長くしてフリッカの発生を抑える撮像装置を開示する。
特開2003−189172号公報
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228561 discloses an imaging apparatus that suppresses the occurrence of flicker by increasing the exposure time when flicker is detected.
JP 2003-189172 A

しかし、露光時間を長くする必要があるため、動きの早い被写体を撮像する場合など、撮像に適さない場合もある。  However, since it is necessary to lengthen the exposure time, it may not be suitable for imaging, such as when imaging a fast-moving subject.

したがって本発明の目的は、露光時間を変えずに、フリッカによるAF精度低下を抑制する撮像装置を提供することである。  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus that suppresses a reduction in AF accuracy due to flicker without changing the exposure time.

本発明に係る撮像装置は、被写体の明るさを検出する受光素子と、受光素子で得られた明るさに関する情報に基づいて、明るさの周期的な変動であるフリッカの発生有無の判断、及びフリッカの周期の算出を行い、露光時間がフリッカの周期よりも短い場合に、撮像素子のフレームレートをフリッカの周期の整数倍に調整する制御部とを備える。  An image pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes a light receiving element that detects the brightness of a subject, determination of whether or not flicker that is a periodic variation in brightness is generated based on information about the brightness obtained by the light receiving element, and A controller that calculates a flicker period and adjusts the frame rate of the image sensor to an integral multiple of the flicker period when the exposure time is shorter than the flicker period;

本実施形態では、フレームレートをフリッカの周期の整数倍に合わせることにより、フリッカによるフレームごとの画像の輝度値のばらつきを抑えることが可能になる。輝度値のばらつきを抑えることにより、安定的なAF精度を確保することが可能になる。  In this embodiment, by adjusting the frame rate to an integral multiple of the flicker cycle, it is possible to suppress variations in the luminance value of the image for each frame due to flicker. Stable AF accuracy can be ensured by suppressing variations in luminance values.

好ましくは、撮像素子は、ローリングシャッタで駆動し、制御部は、フリッカを発生させる光の強さが最大値を示すタイミングで、AF領域を含むラインの露光が行われるように、垂直同期信号の出力タイミングを調整する。  Preferably, the imaging device is driven by a rolling shutter, and the control unit is configured to output the vertical synchronization signal so that the line including the AF area is exposed at a timing at which the intensity of light that generates flicker has a maximum value. Adjust the output timing.

CMOSなどローリングシャッタで駆動する撮像素子の場合には、フリッカにより、画像にラインごとの光の強弱を示す縞模様が発生するが、垂直同期信号の出力タイミングを調整することにより、AF領域と、フリッカによる縞模様の暗い部分との重複を少なくすることが可能になり、かかる制御を行わない場合に比べて、AF精度を向上させることが可能になる。  In the case of an image sensor driven by a rolling shutter such as a CMOS, a flicker causes a stripe pattern indicating the intensity of light for each line due to flicker, but by adjusting the output timing of the vertical synchronization signal, It is possible to reduce the overlap of the dark portion of the stripe pattern due to flicker, and it is possible to improve the AF accuracy as compared with the case where such control is not performed.

また、好ましくは、受光素子は、撮像素子のフレームレートや、フリッカの周期よりも短い時間ごとに、明るさの検出を行う。  Preferably, the light receiving element detects the brightness every time shorter than the frame rate of the image sensor and the flicker cycle.

明るさの検出を短い時間の間隔で行うことにより、早くフリッカの周期の算出などを行うことが可能になる。  By detecting the brightness at short time intervals, it is possible to quickly calculate the flicker cycle.

以上のように本発明によれば、露光時間を変えずに、フリッカによるAF精度低下を抑制する撮像装置を提供することができる。  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an imaging apparatus that suppresses a decrease in AF accuracy due to flicker without changing the exposure time.

以下、本実施形態について、図を用いて説明する。撮像装置1は、デジタルカメラである。撮像装置1の撮像に関する部分は、撮像装置1の電源のオンオフ状態の切り替えのために使用される電源ボタン9、レリーズボタン13、各部の制御を行う制御部30、レンズ駆動部45、露出制御部47、受光素子49、レンズ51、CMOSなど走査ラインごとに順次露光が行われるローリングシャッタで駆動される撮像素子53、AFE(アナログフロントエンド)55、DSP(映像信号処理回路)60、記録部70、及び表示部90を備える(図1参照)。  Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. Theimaging device 1 is a digital camera. The part relating to the imaging of theimaging apparatus 1 includes apower button 9 and arelease button 13 that are used for switching on and off the power source of theimaging apparatus 1, acontrol unit 30 that controls each unit, alens driving unit 45, and an exposure control unit. 47,light receiving element 49,lens 51,imaging element 53 driven by a rolling shutter that is sequentially exposed for each scanning line such as CMOS, AFE (analog front end) 55, DSP (video signal processing circuit) 60,recording unit 70 And a display unit 90 (see FIG. 1).

被写体像は、レンズ51を介した光学像として、撮像素子53で撮像される。撮像により得られた画像データは、AFE55でアナログ信号からデジタル信号に変換され、DSP60でホワイトバランス処理を含む画像処理が施される。かかる動作が第1時間t1ごとに行われ、表示部90に、画像データに基づいてスルー画像が表示される(ライブビュー表示)。第1時間t1は、通常時には1/30秒に設定されるが、フリッカ(周期的な明るさ変動)検出時には、フリッカ周期FTの整数倍に設定される。また、フリッカ検出時で且つ露光時間e1がフリッカ周期FTよりも短い場合には、第1時間t1の開始タイミングの調整も行われる。  The subject image is captured by theimage sensor 53 as an optical image via thelens 51. Image data obtained by imaging is converted from an analog signal to a digital signal by theAFE 55, and image processing including white balance processing is performed by theDSP 60. Such an operation is performed every first time t1, and a through image is displayed on thedisplay unit 90 based on the image data (live view display). The first time t1 is normally set to 1/30 second, but is set to an integral multiple of the flicker cycle FT when flicker (periodic brightness fluctuation) is detected. When the flicker is detected and the exposure time e1 is shorter than the flicker cycle FT, the start timing of the first time t1 is also adjusted.

レリーズボタン13は、半押しすることにより測光スイッチ(不図示)がオン状態にされ測光やレンズ駆動部45による測距及び合焦動作が行われる。測光は、撮像素子53における撮像で得られた画像データに基づいて行われる。具体的には、DSP60は、画像処理において生成される輝度信号から測光領域における輝度値(被写体の明るさに関する情報)を求め、これを測光結果として、制御部30に出力する。制御部30は、輝度値に基づいて適正な露出(絞りや露光時間e1)を算出する(露出演算)。測距は、撮像で得られた画像データから、AF領域に対応する部分の画像のコントラストに基づいて行われる。  When therelease button 13 is half-pressed, a photometric switch (not shown) is turned on, and photometry and distance measurement and focusing operations by thelens driving unit 45 are performed. Photometry is performed based on image data obtained by imaging with theimage sensor 53. Specifically, the DSP 60 obtains a luminance value in the photometric area (information on the brightness of the subject) from the luminance signal generated in the image processing, and outputs this to thecontrol unit 30 as a photometric result. Thecontrol unit 30 calculates an appropriate exposure (aperture and exposure time e1) based on the luminance value (exposure calculation). Distance measurement is performed based on the contrast of the image of the portion corresponding to the AF area from the image data obtained by imaging.

本実施形態では、レリーズボタン13の半押し後に、測光や測距を開始する形態で説明したが、電源ボタン9を使って撮像装置1の電源がオン状態にされた後、常時測光や測距を行う形態であってもよい。この場合、レリーズボタン13が半押しされると、測光や測距動作が停止され、半押しされる直前の測光や測距結果が、レリーズボタン13の全押しに対応する撮影に使用される。また、撮像装置1の電源がオン状態にされた後から、フリッカ周期FTに対応する第1時間t1の調整が可能になる。  In the present embodiment, the description has been given of the case where the photometry and the distance measurement are started after therelease button 13 is pressed halfway. However, after theimaging apparatus 1 is turned on using thepower button 9, the photometry and the distance measurement are always performed. The form which performs is also possible. In this case, when therelease button 13 is half-pressed, the photometry or distance measurement operation is stopped, and the photometry or distance measurement result immediately before being half-pressed is used for shooting corresponding to the full press of therelease button 13. Further, the first time t1 corresponding to the flicker cycle FT can be adjusted after theimage pickup apparatus 1 is turned on.

レリーズボタン13は、全押しすることによりレリーズスイッチ(不図示)がオン状態にされ、制御部30で算出された露出で撮像が行われるように、露出制御部47により絞りや露光時間e1が制御された状態で、撮像が行われる。撮像により得られた画像データに対応する画像は、DSP60における画像処理後に、表示部90に表示され、画像データは記録部70に記録される。  When therelease button 13 is fully pressed, a release switch (not shown) is turned on, and the aperture and exposure time e1 are controlled by theexposure control unit 47 so that an image is taken with the exposure calculated by thecontrol unit 30. In this state, imaging is performed. An image corresponding to the image data obtained by imaging is displayed on thedisplay unit 90 after image processing in theDSP 60, and the image data is recorded in therecording unit 70.

受光素子49は、レンズ51を介した光を第2時間t2ごとに受光して、かかる光の明るさに関する情報を制御部30に出力する。具体的には、受光素子49として、測光に用いられる受光素子が考えられる。第2時間t2は、第1時間t1やフリッカ周期FTよりも短い値に設定される。制御部30は、第2時間t2ごとの受光素子49から出力される情報に基づいて、フリッカ発生有無の判断、明るさの最小値と最大値、及びフリッカの周期の算出を行う。フリッカは、光の強弱の繰り返しであり、例えば、50Hzの周波数で点灯している蛍光灯の下で撮像した場合には、フリッカ周期FTが1/100秒のフリッカが発生する。なお、フリッカ発生の有無などを検出する目的であるため、受光素子49は、被写体の明るさを検出するものであれば、レンズ51を介さない光を受光する形態であってもよい。  Thelight receiving element 49 receives the light through thelens 51 every second time t2, and outputs information related to the brightness of the light to thecontrol unit 30. Specifically, thelight receiving element 49 may be a light receiving element used for photometry. The second time t2 is set to a value shorter than the first time t1 and the flicker cycle FT. Based on the information output from thelight receiving element 49 every second time t2, thecontrol unit 30 determines whether or not flicker occurs, calculates the minimum and maximum brightness values, and the flicker cycle. Flicker is a repetition of the intensity of light. For example, when an image is taken under a fluorescent lamp that is lit at a frequency of 50 Hz, flicker with a flicker cycle FT of 1/100 second occurs. Since the purpose is to detect the presence or absence of flicker, thelight receiving element 49 may receive light that does not pass through thelens 51 as long as it detects the brightness of the subject.

露光時間e1がフリッカ周期FTよりも短い場合には、撮像素子53のラインごとの露光量の差異により、フレームごとに画像の輝度値の差異(フレーム間の出力変動)が生じ、また画像にラインごとの光の強弱を示す縞模様が発生する(図2参照)。  When the exposure time e1 is shorter than the flicker cycle FT, a difference in image luminance value (output fluctuation between frames) is generated for each frame due to a difference in exposure amount for each line of theimage pickup device 53, and a line is added to the image. A stripe pattern indicating the intensity of each light is generated (see FIG. 2).

図2の下段に示す1番目のフレーム画像、2番目のフレーム画像、3番目のフレーム画像は、フリッカを発生させる光が強い時に露光されたラインに対応した明るい領域(波線部分)、フリッカを発生させる光が中程度の時に露光されたラインに対応した中程度の明るさの領域(網掛け部分)、フリッカを発生させる光が弱い時に露光されたラインに対応し暗い領域(黒塗り部分)を含む縞模様であって、それぞれの縞模様のパターンが異なる状態を示す。  The first frame image, the second frame image, and the third frame image shown in the lower part of FIG. 2 generate a bright area (dashed line portion) and flicker corresponding to the exposed line when the light that generates flicker is strong. A moderately bright area (shaded area) corresponding to an exposed line when the light to be generated is medium, and a dark area (black area) corresponding to an exposed line when the light that generates flicker is weak The striped pattern includes different striped patterns.

また、撮像素子53のフレーム周期である第1時間t1とフリッカ周期FTの整数倍が一致していない場合には、フレームごとに発生する縞模様が変化し、フレームごとの画像の輝度値が変動する。図2の下段は、1番目のフレームで得られた画像、2番目のフレームで得られた画像、及び3番目のフレームで得られた画像における、フリッカによって発生する縞模様が変化する状態を示す。  In addition, when the first time t1, which is the frame period of theimage sensor 53, is not an integer multiple of the flicker period FT, the stripe pattern generated for each frame changes, and the luminance value of the image for each frame varies. To do. The lower part of FIG. 2 shows a state in which the stripe pattern generated by flicker changes in the image obtained in the first frame, the image obtained in the second frame, and the image obtained in the third frame. .

制御部30は、フリッカが発生していると判断し、且つ露光時間e1がフリッカ周期FTよりも短い場合には、第1時間t1をフリッカ周期FTの整数倍に合わせるようにフレームレートを調整する、すなわち垂直同期信号VDの出力タイミングを調整する(図3参照)。なお、フリッカが発生している場合であっても、露光時間がフリッカ周期FT以上である場合には、画像が全体的に明るくなり、すなわち縞模様の暗い領域も明るい領域も明るくなり、該縞模様が見えにくくなるため、フレームレートは通常時の値に設定される、すなわちフレームレートを調整する必要はない。なお、露光時間がフリッカ周期FTの整数倍である場合には、該縞模様は発生しない。  Thecontrol unit 30 determines that flicker has occurred and adjusts the frame rate so that the first time t1 is set to an integral multiple of the flicker cycle FT when the exposure time e1 is shorter than the flicker cycle FT. That is, the output timing of the vertical synchronizing signal VD is adjusted (see FIG. 3). Even when flicker occurs, if the exposure time is equal to or longer than the flicker cycle FT, the image is brightened as a whole, that is, the dark and bright areas of the striped pattern become brighter. Since the pattern becomes difficult to see, the frame rate is set to a normal value, that is, it is not necessary to adjust the frame rate. Note that when the exposure time is an integral multiple of the flicker cycle FT, the stripe pattern does not occur.

図3の下段に示す1番目のフレーム画像、2番目のフレーム画像、3番目のフレーム画像は、フリッカを発生させる光が強い時に露光されたラインに対応した明るい領域(波線部分)、フリッカを発生させる光が中程度の時に露光されたラインに対応した中程度の明るさの領域(網掛け部分)、フリッカを発生させる光が弱い時に露光されたラインに対応し暗い領域(黒塗り部分)を含む縞模様であって、それぞれの縞模様のパターンが同じ状態を示す。  The first frame image, the second frame image, and the third frame image shown in the lower part of FIG. 3 generate a bright area (dashed line portion) and flicker corresponding to the exposed line when the light that generates flicker is strong. A moderately bright area (shaded area) corresponding to an exposed line when the light to be generated is medium, and a dark area (black area) corresponding to an exposed line when the light that generates flicker is weak It is a striped pattern which contains, Comprising: Each striped pattern shows the same state.

さらに、撮像素子53上の測距を行う領域(AF領域)にフリッカによる縞模様の暗い部分が少なくなるように、すなわちフリッカを発生させる光の強さが最大値を示すタイミングで、AF領域を含むラインの露光が行われるように、第1時間t1の開始タイミング(垂直同期信号VDの出力タイミング)を調整する(図4参照)。  Further, the AF area is adjusted so that the dark area of the stripe pattern due to flicker is reduced in the area (AF area) for distance measurement on theimage sensor 53, that is, at the timing when the intensity of light that generates flicker reaches the maximum value. The start timing of the first time t1 (the output timing of the vertical synchronization signal VD) is adjusted so that the included line is exposed (see FIG. 4).

図4の下段に示す1番目のフレーム画像、2番目のフレーム画像、3番目のフレーム画像は、フリッカを発生させる光が強い時に露光されたラインに対応した明るい領域(波線部分)、フリッカを発生させる光が中程度の時に露光されたラインに対応した中程度の明るさの領域(網掛け部分)、フリッカを発生させる光が弱い時に露光されたラインに対応し暗い領域(黒塗り部分)を含む縞模様であって、それぞれの縞模様のパターンが同じで、画像中央に設けられたAF領域を含むラインがフリッカを発生させる光が強い時に露光されるように調整された状態を示す。但し、AF領域は、画像中央に限られるものではなく、AF領域の変動に応じて、垂直同期信号VDの出力タイミングを調整する必要がある。  The first frame image, the second frame image, and the third frame image shown in the lower part of FIG. 4 generate bright areas (dashed lines) and flicker that correspond to the exposed lines when the light that generates flicker is strong. A moderately bright area (shaded area) corresponding to an exposed line when the light to be generated is medium, and a dark area (black area) corresponding to an exposed line when the light that generates flicker is weak This shows a state in which the stripe pattern is the same and the line including the AF area provided in the center of the image is adjusted to be exposed when the light that generates flicker is strong. However, the AF area is not limited to the center of the image, and it is necessary to adjust the output timing of the vertical synchronization signal VD according to the fluctuation of the AF area.

次に、測距動作手順について、図5のフローチャートを用いて説明する。レリーズボタン13が半押しされると、ステップS11で、制御部30は、受光素子49から出力された光の強さに関する情報に基づいて、光の強さの最大値と最小値を算出し、最大値と最小値を示す時間間隔からフリッカ周期FTを算出し、フリッカが発生しているか否かを判断する。また、並行して測光が行われる。制御部30は、測光結果に基づいて適正な露出(絞りや露光時間e1)を算出する。フリッカが発生している場合には、ステップS12に進められ、発生していない場合には、フレームレートの調整を行わずに、ステップS15に進められる。  Next, the distance measurement operation procedure will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When therelease button 13 is half-pressed, in step S11, thecontrol unit 30 calculates the maximum value and the minimum value of the light intensity based on the information regarding the light intensity output from thelight receiving element 49, The flicker cycle FT is calculated from the time interval indicating the maximum value and the minimum value, and it is determined whether or not flicker occurs. In addition, photometry is performed in parallel. Thecontrol unit 30 calculates an appropriate exposure (aperture and exposure time e1) based on the photometric result. If the flicker has occurred, the process proceeds to step S12. If not, the process proceeds to step S15 without adjusting the frame rate.

なお、本実施形態では、測光、測距をレリーズボタン13の半押し後に行う形態を説明したが、電源ボタン9を使って撮像装置1の電源がオン状態にされた後、常に行う形態であってもよい。この場合は、第1時間t1ごとにかかる測距動作が行われる。  In the present embodiment, a mode in which photometry and distance measurement are performed after therelease button 13 is half-pressed has been described. However, after the power of theimaging apparatus 1 is turned on using thepower button 9, the mode is always performed. May be. In this case, the distance measuring operation is performed every first time t1.

ステップS12で、制御部30は、露光時間e1がフリッカ周期FTよりも短いか否かを判断する。短い場合には、ステップS13に進められ、短くない場合には、フレームレートの調整を行わずに、ステップS15に進められる。ステップS13で、制御部30は、フレームレートの調整を行う。具体的には、制御部30は、第1時間t1をフリッカ周期FTの整数倍に設定し、ステップS14で、制御部30は、光の強さの最大値を示すタイミングで、AF領域を含むラインの露光が行われるように、垂直同期信号VDの出力タイミングを調整する。ステップS15で、測距が行われる。  In step S12, thecontrol unit 30 determines whether or not the exposure time e1 is shorter than the flicker cycle FT. If it is shorter, the process proceeds to step S13. If it is not shorter, the process proceeds to step S15 without adjusting the frame rate. In step S13, thecontrol unit 30 adjusts the frame rate. Specifically, thecontrol unit 30 sets the first time t1 to an integer multiple of the flicker cycle FT, and in step S14, thecontrol unit 30 includes the AF area at a timing indicating the maximum value of the light intensity. The output timing of the vertical synchronization signal VD is adjusted so that the line is exposed. In step S15, distance measurement is performed.

本実施形態では、垂直同期信号VDの出力間隔を変えて、第1時間t1(フレームレート)を調整することにより、フリッカによるフレームごとの画像の輝度値のばらつきを抑えることが可能になる。また、垂直同期信号VDの出力タイミングを調整することにより、AF領域と、フリッカによる縞模様の暗い部分との重複を少なくすることが可能になり、かかる制御を行わない場合に比べて、AF精度を向上させることが可能になる。  In the present embodiment, by varying the output interval of the vertical synchronization signal VD and adjusting the first time t1 (frame rate), it is possible to suppress variation in the luminance value of the image for each frame due to flicker. Further, by adjusting the output timing of the vertical synchronization signal VD, it becomes possible to reduce the overlap between the AF area and the dark portion of the stripe pattern due to flicker, and compared with the case where such control is not performed. It becomes possible to improve.

なお、本実施形態では、撮像素子53がローリングシャッタで駆動されるCMOSなどである形態を説明したが、CCDなど総ての走査ラインが同時に露光されるグローバルシャッタで駆動される他の撮像素子でもよい。この場合は、フリッカの発生時にフレームレートの調整が行われる。但し、画像に縞模様は発生しないため、フレームごとの画像の輝度値を一定にするだけでいいので、垂直同期信号の出力タイミングのAF領域に応じた調整は行われない。  In this embodiment, theimage sensor 53 is a CMOS or the like driven by a rolling shutter. However, other image sensors such as a CCD that are driven by a global shutter that simultaneously exposes all scanning lines are also described. Good. In this case, the frame rate is adjusted when flicker occurs. However, since no striped pattern is generated in the image, it is only necessary to make the luminance value of the image for each frame constant. Therefore, the output timing of the vertical synchronization signal is not adjusted according to the AF area.

図6は、フレームレートの調整を行う前の状態を示す。1番目のフレームでは、露光時間e1の間、フリッカを発生させる光が強い状態で、明るい画像(波線表示)が得られ、2番目のフレームでは、露光時間e1の間、フリッカを発生させる光が中程度の状態で、中程度に明るい画像(網掛け表示)が得られ、3番目のフレームでは、露光時間e1の間、フリッカを発生させる光が弱い状態で、暗い画像(黒塗り表示)が得られる。図7は、フレームレートの調整を行った後の状態を示す。いずれのフレームでも、露光時間e1の間、フリッカの光が同程度の状態であり、同じ明るさの画像(網掛け表示)が得られる。  FIG. 6 shows a state before adjusting the frame rate. In the first frame, a bright image (wavy line display) is obtained in a state where the light that generates flicker is strong during the exposure time e1, and in the second frame, the light that generates flicker is generated during the exposure time e1. A moderately bright image (shaded display) is obtained in a medium state, and in the third frame, a dark image (black display) is displayed in a state where light that generates flicker is weak during the exposure time e1. can get. FIG. 7 shows a state after adjusting the frame rate. In any frame, the flicker light is in the same level during the exposure time e1, and an image (shaded display) having the same brightness is obtained.

また、フリッカの発生有無の判断などに使用するために、撮像素子53と別の受光素子49を使う形態を説明したが、撮像素子53を使う形態であってもよい。この場合に、制御部30は、フレームごとの画像の輝度値に基づいて、フリッカの発生有無などを判断する。但し、フレームレート(1/30秒)ごとに得られる複数の画像の輝度値を得る必要があるため、受光素子49を使う形態に比べて処理に時間がかかる。  Further, although the embodiment using thelight receiving element 49 different from theimage pickup element 53 for use in determining whether flicker occurs or the like has been described, the form using theimage pickup element 53 may be used. In this case, thecontrol unit 30 determines whether or not flicker occurs based on the luminance value of the image for each frame. However, since it is necessary to obtain the luminance values of a plurality of images obtained at every frame rate (1/30 second), the processing takes time compared to the mode using thelight receiving element 49.

本実施形態における撮像装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the imaging device in this embodiment.撮像素子がCMOSであって、第1時間を調整する前の、フリッカ波形、垂直同期信号の出力波形、ローリングシャッタの露光タイミング、フレームごとに得られる画像の縞模様の違いを示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a difference in flicker waveform, vertical synchronization signal output waveform, rolling shutter exposure timing, and stripe pattern of an image obtained for each frame before the first time is adjusted, when the imaging device is a CMOS.図2の状態から第1時間を調整した後の、フリッカ波形、垂直同期信号の出力波形、ローリングシャッタの露光タイミング、及びフレームごとに得られる画像の縞模様の違いを示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a difference in flicker waveform, vertical synchronization signal output waveform, rolling shutter exposure timing, and image stripe pattern obtained for each frame after adjusting the first time from the state of FIG. 2;図3の状態から垂直同期信号の出力タイミングを調整した後の、フリッカ波形、垂直同期信号の出力波形、ローリングシャッタの露光タイミング、及びフレームごとに得られる画像の縞模様の違いを示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a difference in flicker waveform, vertical synchronization signal output waveform, rolling shutter exposure timing, and stripe pattern of an image obtained for each frame after adjusting the output timing of the vertical synchronization signal from the state of FIG. 3. .測距動作手順を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows a ranging operation procedure.撮像素子がCCDであって、第1時間を調整する前の、フリッカ波形、垂直同期信号の出力波形、電子シャッタの電荷吐き出しタイミング(露光時間)、及びフレームごとに得られる画像の縞模様の違いを示す図である。Difference in flicker waveform, vertical sync signal output waveform, electronic shutter charge discharge timing (exposure time), and image stripe pattern obtained for each frame before the first time is adjusted. FIG.図6の状態から第1時間を調整した後の、フリッカ波形、垂直同期信号の出力波形、電子シャッタの電荷吐き出しタイミング(露光時間)、及びフレームごとに得られる画像の縞模様の違いを示す図である。6 is a diagram showing the difference in flicker waveform, vertical synchronization signal output waveform, electronic shutter charge discharge timing (exposure time), and image stripe pattern obtained for each frame after adjusting the first time from the state of FIG. It is.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 撮像装置
9 電源ボタン
13 レリーズボタン
30 制御部
45 レンズ駆動部
47 露出制御部
49 受光素子
51 レンズ
53 撮像素子
55 AFE
60 DSP
70 記録部
90 表示部
DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 1 Image pick-updevice 9Power button 13Release button 30Control part 45 Lens drivepart 47Exposure control part 49Light receiving element 51Lens 53Imaging element 55 AFE
60 DSP
70Recording unit 90 Display unit

Claims (3)

Translated fromJapanese
被写体の明るさを検出する受光素子と、
前記受光素子で得られた明るさに関する情報に基づいて、明るさの周期的な変動であるフリッカの発生有無の判断、及び前記フリッカの周期の算出を行い、露光時間が前記フリッカの周期よりも短い場合に、撮像素子のフレームレートを前記フリッカの周期の整数倍に調整する制御部とを備えることを特徴とする撮像装置。
A light receiving element for detecting the brightness of the subject;
Based on the information on the brightness obtained by the light receiving element, it is determined whether or not flicker, which is a periodic fluctuation of brightness, and the flicker period is calculated, and the exposure time is shorter than the flicker period. An image pickup apparatus comprising: a control unit that adjusts a frame rate of the image pickup element to an integral multiple of the flicker period when the image pickup element is short.
前記撮像素子は、ローリングシャッタで駆動し、
前記制御部は、前記フリッカを発生させる光の強さが最大値を示すタイミングで、AF領域を含むラインの露光が行われるように、垂直同期信号の出力タイミングを調整することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撮像装置。
The image sensor is driven by a rolling shutter,
The control unit adjusts an output timing of a vertical synchronization signal so that exposure of a line including an AF area is performed at a timing at which the intensity of light that generates the flicker has a maximum value. Item 2. The imaging device according to Item 1.
前記受光素子は、前記撮像素子のフレームレートや、前記フリッカの周期よりも短い時間ごとに、前記明るさの検出を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載に撮像装置。  The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving element detects the brightness at a time shorter than a frame rate of the imaging element or a cycle of the flicker.
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