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JP2005233636A - Method and apparatus for testing meat crosses - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for testing meat crosses
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Publication number
JP2005233636A
JP2005233636AJP2004039433AJP2004039433AJP2005233636AJP 2005233636 AJP2005233636 AJP 2005233636AJP 2004039433 AJP2004039433 AJP 2004039433AJP 2004039433 AJP2004039433 AJP 2004039433AJP 2005233636 AJP2005233636 AJP 2005233636A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
light
light source
meat
image
receiving element
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JP2004039433A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masakazu Irie
正和 入江
Kunihiko Okubo
邦彦 大久保
Hirokazu Taniguchi
博和 谷口
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Osaka Municipal Government
Shimadzu Corp
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Osaka Municipal Government
Shimadzu Corp
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Abstract

Translated fromJapanese

【課題】
赤身の部分と脂肪部分とを画像上で容易に識別できるようにする。
【解決手段】
LED2から励起光の紫外光を検査対象4の食肉に照射すると、検査対象4の表面で正反射された励起光の一部はレンズ10に入射するが、光学カットフィルタ8によって励起光は遮断され、CCD素子6には到達しない。一方、検査対象4の食肉の脂肪部分では紫外線による励起作用の結果、波長400−500nmの可視域の蛍光が放出される。レンズ10に入射したこの可視光線は光学カットフィルタ8を透過可能であるので、結果として蛍光波長の光のみCCD素子6に到達する。これを液晶モニタ等の観察画面12により観察し、またこの観察画像を撮影して画像データを記録媒体14に格納する。
【選択図】 図1
【Task】
A red part and a fat part can be easily identified on an image.
[Solution]
When the meat of inspection object 4 is irradiated with ultraviolet light of excitation light from LED 2, a part of the excitation light regularly reflected on the surface of inspection object 4 enters lens 10, but the excitation light is blocked by optical cut filter 8. The CCD element 6 is not reached. On the other hand, as a result of the excitation action by ultraviolet rays, visible region fluorescence having a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm is emitted from the fat portion of the meat of inspection object 4. Since this visible light incident on the lens 10 can pass through the optical cut filter 8, as a result, only light having a fluorescence wavelength reaches the CCD element 6. This is observed on an observation screen 12 such as a liquid crystal monitor, and this observation image is taken and image data is stored in the recording medium 14.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

Translated fromJapanese

本発明は、食肉格付における脂肪交雑等級などに使用する脂肪交雑検査方法及び装置に関するものである。  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for testing a marbling used for a marbling grade in meat rating.

社団法人日本食肉格付協会では食肉格付における脂肪交雑等級(いわゆる霜降りの度合い)の判定において、格付員が牛脂肪交雑基準(BMS)と呼ばれる基準サンプルとの目視比較により判定している。あくまで目視比較によるために、複数の格付員間、又は全国に複数設置されている格付市場間において、判定結果に振れやばらつきが生じる虞れがある。また、脂肪交雑は胸最長筋についてのみしか判定されていないが、実際には複数の筋肉部位をみて売買されている。  In the Japan Meat Rating Association, in the determination of the marbling grade (so-called marbling degree) in the meat rating, the rating member makes a judgment by visual comparison with a reference sample called a cow marbling standard (BMS). Due to the visual comparison to the last, there may be fluctuations and variations in the determination results between a plurality of rating members or between a plurality of rating markets installed throughout the country. In addition, fat crossing is determined only for the longest breast muscle, but in actuality, it is bought and sold by looking at a plurality of muscle parts.

豚肉でも脂肪交雑が重視されつつあるが、目視判断は難しく、その基準もアメリカの目視基準しかない。
さらにこれらの判定は熟練が必要な作業である。
Even though pork meat is becoming increasingly important for crossbreeding, it is difficult to make visual judgments, and the only standard is that of American visual standards.
Furthermore, these determinations are tasks that require skill.

そこで、このような問題点に鑑みて、装置を使用した脂肪交雑の判定が試みられている。
具体的には、例えば食肉を撮影した画像の解析により脂肪交雑を定量数値化し、判定を客観化しようというものである。この画像解析による脂肪交雑の定量数値化は市販のデジタルカメラやスキャナ等の利用によるものであり、照射及び観察している光は共に可視領域波長の光である。その場合、大雑把にいって、赤く見える赤身の部分と白く見える脂肪部分との面積比等を求めればよいとされている。
Therefore, in view of such problems, it has been attempted to determine a marbling using an apparatus.
More specifically, for example, the analysis of an image of meat is analyzed to quantify the fat cross to make the determination objective. The quantitative quantification of fat crossing by this image analysis is based on the use of a commercially available digital camera, scanner, or the like, and the light being irradiated and observed are both light in the visible region wavelength. In that case, it is said that it is only necessary to roughly determine an area ratio between a red portion that looks red and a fat portion that looks white.

しかしながら、一口に赤身といっても、食肉それぞれに濃淡や色具合が異なり、また茶色に変色している場合もある。そのため、可視光線による観察では赤身部分と脂肪部分のコントラストが実用上充分でなく、結果として画像解析による定量はその精度における問題などがあり、実現に至っていない。  However, even if you say red meat in a bite, each meat has a different shade and color, and may turn brown. Therefore, in the observation with visible light, the contrast between the red part and the fat part is not practically sufficient, and as a result, quantification by image analysis has a problem in its accuracy and has not been realized.

また、赤肉の色調が淡い豚肉では脂肪とのコントラストをとることが難しく、客観的な方法となる画像解析は行なわれていない。
本発明は、赤身の部分と脂肪部分とを画像上で容易に識別することができる脂肪交雑検査方法とそのための装置を提供することを目的とするものである。
Also, pork with a light red color tone is difficult to obtain contrast with fat, and image analysis that is an objective method has not been performed.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for inspecting a marbling that can easily distinguish a red portion and a fat portion on an image, and an apparatus therefor.

本発明の脂肪交雑検査方法は、検査対象の食肉に励起光として紫外線を照射し、その照射部分から発生する光のうち蛍光を受光して蛍光による画像を作成し、その蛍光画像に基づいて脂肪交雑等級を判定する。  The method for inspecting marbling of the present invention irradiates meat to be inspected with ultraviolet rays as excitation light, receives fluorescence from light emitted from the irradiated portion, creates an image by fluorescence, and based on the fluorescence image, Determine cross grade.

食肉に紫外線を照射すると、赤身部分から蛍光は発せられないので、赤身の色の濃淡や色具合、変色などによらず常に黒く観察される。一方、脂肪部分は蛍光を発するので青白く観察される。食肉で紫外線を照射した部分からの光のうち、励起光を遮光し蛍光を受光すると、その受光信号強度は赤身部分で弱く、脂肪部分で強くなり、従来の可視光線照射観察の場合に比べて実用上充分な赤身/脂肪コントラストが得られ、画像解析による脂肪交雑の定量化が可能となる。  When the meat is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, no fluorescence is emitted from the red meat portion, so the meat is always observed as black regardless of the shade, color, or discoloration of the red color. On the other hand, the fat portion emits fluorescence and is observed pale. When the excitation light is blocked and the fluorescence is received out of the light from the part irradiated with ultraviolet rays, the received light signal intensity is weak in the red part and strong in the fat part, compared to the conventional visible light irradiation observation. A practically sufficient lean / fat contrast can be obtained, and the marbling can be quantified by image analysis.

脂肪交雑検査方法を実現するための本発明による脂肪交雑検査装置は、検査対象の食肉に励起光として紫外線を照射する光源部と、励起光による照射部分から発生する光を受光する二次元の受光素子と、照射部分と受光素子の間に設けられて受光素子に入射する光から励起光成分を遮光する光学フィルタと、照射部分と受光素子の間で光学フィルタの前又は後に設けられ、照射部分の像を受光素子に結ぶ光学系と、光源部の光源、受光素子、光学フィルタ及び光学系の側方を被い、検査対象に対向する前方に開口をもつカバーとを備えている。  A marine crossing inspection apparatus according to the present invention for realizing a marine crossing inspection method includes a light source unit that emits ultraviolet rays as excitation light to meat to be inspected, and a two-dimensional light receiving unit that receives light generated from a portion irradiated by the excitation light. An optical filter provided between the irradiation part and the light receiving element to shield the excitation light component from light incident on the light receiving element, and provided between the irradiation part and the light receiving element before or after the optical filter. An optical system that connects the image to the light receiving element, and a cover that covers the side of the light source, the light receiving element, the optical filter, and the optical system of the light source unit, and has an opening in front of the inspection object.

本発明が検査対象とする食肉は、牛肉、豚肉に限らず、猪肉、馬肉、鯨肉のほか、鮪などの魚肉も含まれる。
本発明では上に例示したような食肉を検査対象にしているので、測定に適した蛍光を得るためには、励起光はその波長範囲に370nmから380nmの間の波長を含むものが好ましく、測定する蛍光は400nmから500nmの間の波長を含むものが好ましい。
The meat to be inspected by the present invention is not limited to beef and pork, and includes meat such as salmon, horse meat and whale meat as well as fish such as salmon.
In the present invention, meat as exemplified above is used as an inspection object, and in order to obtain fluorescence suitable for measurement, the excitation light preferably includes a wavelength range of 370 nm to 380 nm. The fluorescence to be performed preferably includes a wavelength between 400 nm and 500 nm.

また、画像を作成する蛍光波長を選択することにより検査対象の種類を選択することができる。食肉のいわゆる霜降り部分である脂肪とけん(いわゆる、すじ肉部分)は、肉眼では共に白く見える。しかしこれらを構成する成分の違いにより、紫外線を照射した場合に発せられる蛍光の極大波長及び半値幅は異なる。そこで、例えば、光学フィルタにより受光素子に入射する蛍光から420nm以下の波長域を遮断すれば脂肪とけんを同時に観察することができ、また440nm以下の波長域を遮断するようにすれば、けんの部分を選択的に観察できるようになる。このように、光学フィルタの選択により、様々な成分を目的とした観察が可能となる。  In addition, the type of inspection object can be selected by selecting a fluorescence wavelength for creating an image. Fat and tendon (so-called streaks), which are so-called marbling parts of meat, both appear white to the naked eye. However, the maximum wavelength and the full width at half maximum of the fluorescence emitted when irradiated with ultraviolet rays are different due to the difference in the components constituting them. Therefore, for example, fat and tendon can be observed simultaneously by blocking the wavelength region of 420 nm or less from the fluorescence incident on the light receiving element by an optical filter, and if the wavelength region of 440 nm or less is blocked, The part can be selectively observed. As described above, the selection of the optical filter enables observation for various components.

食肉の検査では、幅の狭い複数の筋肉の脂肪交雑を測定する必要があるが、大きな照明装置を備えた検査装置では測定は困難であるので、検査装置の小型化が望まれる。そこで、小型のために、光源部は光源として紫外発光LED(発光ダイオード)を備えているのが好ましい。  In the inspection of meat, it is necessary to measure the fat cross of a plurality of narrow muscles. However, since it is difficult to measure with an inspection apparatus equipped with a large illumination device, downsizing of the inspection apparatus is desired. Therefore, it is preferable that the light source unit includes an ultraviolet light-emitting LED (light-emitting diode) as a light source for miniaturization.

検査対象部位を均一に照射するためには、光源部の光源は光学系の光軸に垂直な面内で光軸を中心とする円の円周上に複数個を配置するのが好ましい。
励起光の紫外線は光学フィルタにより遮断されるが、光学系に入射する励起光はできるだけ少ない方が好ましい。そのために、カバーの先端が検査対象に接触した状態において食肉上で光軸と光源とのなす角が30度から45度の間の角度となるように、カバーの先端位置が設定されていることが好ましい。
In order to uniformly irradiate the inspection target region, it is preferable that a plurality of light sources of the light source unit be arranged on a circle around the optical axis in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical system.
Although the ultraviolet light of the excitation light is blocked by the optical filter, it is preferable that the excitation light incident on the optical system is as little as possible. Therefore, the tip position of the cover is set so that the angle between the optical axis and the light source on the meat becomes an angle between 30 degrees and 45 degrees when the tip of the cover is in contact with the inspection object. Is preferred.

この脂肪交雑検査装置を用いて検査部位の可視画像も観察できることが好ましい。そのため、光源部にはさらに可視領域の光を発生する可視光源も備えて紫外線の励起光用の光源と切り換えて点灯できるものとし、光学フィルタは光源の励起光波長領域を含んでそれよりも短い波長側を遮光するカットフィルタとすれば、受光素子は励起光用光源点灯時の蛍光画像と可視光源点灯時の可視画像のいずれをも取り込めるようになる。  It is preferable that a visible image of the examination site can be observed using this marbling examination apparatus. For this reason, the light source unit further includes a visible light source that generates light in the visible region, and can be switched over to a light source for ultraviolet excitation light, and the optical filter is shorter than that including the excitation light wavelength region of the light source. If a cut filter that blocks light on the wavelength side is used, the light receiving element can capture both a fluorescent image when the excitation light source is turned on and a visible image when the visible light source is turned on.

受光素子が取り込んだ画像データを外部の画像処理装置に送って脂肪交雑等級の判定に利用することができる。その際、脂肪交雑検査装置と外部画像処理装置をケーブルで結んでオンラインでデータ処理することもできるが、脂肪交雑検査装置をどこにでも移動できる可搬型にするためには、受光素子が取り込んだ画像データを記憶することができ、取り外して外部の画像処理装置にデータを転送できる着脱可能な記録媒体をさらに備えたものとすることが好ましい。  The image data captured by the light receiving element can be sent to an external image processing apparatus and used for determining the marbling grade. At that time, it is possible to process the data online by connecting the marbling test device and the external image processing device with a cable, but in order to make the marbling testing device portable so that it can be moved anywhere, the image captured by the light receiving element It is preferable to further include a removable recording medium that can store data and can be removed and transferred to an external image processing apparatus.

この脂肪交雑検査装置の受光素子が取り込んだ画像データを処理して脂肪交雑等級の判定を行なうために、本発明の脂肪交雑等級判定装置は、この脂肪交雑検査装置の受光素子が取り込んだ画像データを二値化する二値化部と、その二値化された画像データから脂肪交雑を表わす値を算出し、等級基準と比較して脂肪交雑等級を判定する食肉格付判定部とを備えたものである。  In order to process the image data captured by the light receiving element of the marbling test apparatus and determine the marbling grade, the marbling grade determination apparatus of the present invention uses the image data captured by the light receiving element of the marbling inspection apparatus. A binarization unit for binarizing, and a meat rating determination unit for calculating a value representing a marbling from the binarized image data and determining a marbling grade in comparison with a grade standard It is.

本発明によれば、検査対象の食肉に励起光として紫外線を照射し、その照射部分から発生する光のうち蛍光を受光して蛍光による画像を作成し、その蛍光画像に基づいて脂肪交雑等級を判定するようにしたので、従来の可視光線照射観察の場合に比べて実用上充分な赤身/脂肪コントラストが得られ、画像解析による脂肪交雑の定量化が可能となる。また、目視では牛肉のように赤肉と脂肪との色彩の差が鮮明なものに限らず、豚肉のようにその色彩の差が鮮明でないものにおいても、脂肪交雑が客観的に判定できるようになる。  According to the present invention, the meat to be inspected is irradiated with ultraviolet rays as excitation light, and fluorescence is received out of the light generated from the irradiated portion to create an image by fluorescence, and the marbling grade is determined based on the fluorescence image. Since the determination is made, a practically sufficient lean / fat contrast can be obtained as compared with the case of conventional visible light irradiation observation, and it is possible to quantify the fat crossing by image analysis. In addition, visually, the difference in color between red meat and fat is not as clear as in beef, but fat crossing can be objectively determined even in pork where the color difference is not clear. Become.

そして、本発明により得られる脂肪交雑の指標値を使用して脂肪交雑等級の判定が行われるようになれば、現在の目視判定に比べて客観性が生まれる。しかも判定に熟練性を要しないため、格付員の負荷軽減にもつながる。
さらに、光源部の光源として紫外発光LEDを使用すれば、検査装置を小型にすることができるので、幅の狭い複数の筋肉の脂肪交雑も測定できるようになる。
Then, if the determination of the marbling grade is performed using the marbling index value obtained by the present invention, objectivity is born compared to the current visual judgment. Moreover, since skill is not required for the determination, it also reduces the load on the rating staff.
Furthermore, if an ultraviolet light-emitting LED is used as the light source of the light source unit, the inspection apparatus can be reduced in size, so that it is possible to measure the fat cross of a plurality of narrow muscles.

本発明を、実施例を用いて具体的に説明する。
図1は一実施例を概略的に表わしたものである。2は検査対象の食肉4に紫外線を励起光として照射するための光源部の紫外線光源である。紫外線光源2としては、励起波長として370−380nm付近が極大となる紫外光を発生するものを使用する。そのような紫外線光源2としては、この装置のコンパクト化、省電力の観点から小型紫外発光LEDを採用する。
The present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
FIG. 1 schematically shows an embodiment.Reference numeral 2 denotes an ultraviolet light source of a light source unit for irradiating themeat 4 to be inspected with ultraviolet light as excitation light. As theultraviolet light source 2, an ultraviolet light source that generates ultraviolet light having a maximum near the excitation wavelength of 370 to 380 nm is used. As such anultraviolet light source 2, a small ultraviolet light emitting LED is adopted from the viewpoint of compactness of the apparatus and power saving.

検査対象4にLED2からの紫外線が照射され、その部分が励起されて発生する蛍光を受光するために受光素子として二次元CCD(charge coupled device)素子6が設けられている。
検査対象4とCCD素子6の間には、励起光成分がCCD素子6に入射するのを阻止するために、波長420nm以下の領域に遮断特性をもつ光学カットフィルタ8が配置されている。
A two-dimensional CCD (charge coupled device)element 6 is provided as a light receiving element in order to receive fluorescence generated when theinspection object 4 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from theLED 2 and the portion is excited.
Between theinspection object 4 and theCCD element 6, in order to prevent the excitation light component from entering theCCD element 6, anoptical cut filter 8 having a cutoff characteristic is disposed in a wavelength region of 420 nm or less.

検査対象4とフィルタ8の間には、検査対象4の像をCCD素子6上に結ぶために光学系としてのレンズ10が配置されている。フィルタ8とレンズ10の配置は前後が入れ替わっていてもよい。  Between theinspection object 4 and thefilter 8, alens 10 as an optical system is disposed in order to form an image of theinspection object 4 on theCCD element 6. The arrangement of thefilter 8 and thelens 10 may be interchanged.

12はCCD素子6が受光した蛍光による画像をモニタするための液晶表示素子などの観察画面、14はCCD素子6の画像データを記憶する記憶媒体である。記憶媒体14はICメモリのように、着脱可能であり、パーソナルコンピュータのような外部の画像処理装置に装着してその画像データを解析できるようになっている。  Reference numeral 12 denotes an observation screen such as a liquid crystal display element for monitoring an image of fluorescence received by theCCD element 6, andreference numeral 14 denotes a storage medium for storing image data of theCCD element 6. Thestorage medium 14 is detachable like an IC memory, and can be attached to an external image processing apparatus such as a personal computer to analyze the image data.

LED2はレンズ10の光軸に垂直な面内で光軸を中心とする円の円周上に複数個、例えば8〜12個が等間隔に配置されている。その円周の近傍には可視領域の光を発生する白色LED16が複数個配置されている。白色LED16は可視モニタ用であり、LED2を消灯し、白色LED16を点灯した時は白色LED16からの光は検査対象4で反射されてレンズ10によりCCD素子6上に可視像を結ぶ。可視光はフィルタ8を透過するので、検査対象4の検査部位を観察画面12により目視で観察することができる。  A plurality of, for example, 8 to 12LEDs 2 are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference of a circle centered on the optical axis in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of thelens 10. A plurality ofwhite LEDs 16 that generate light in the visible region are arranged in the vicinity of the circumference. Thewhite LED 16 is for a visible monitor. When theLED 2 is turned off and thewhite LED 16 is turned on, the light from thewhite LED 16 is reflected by theinspection object 4 and forms a visible image on theCCD element 6 by thelens 10. Since visible light passes through thefilter 8, the inspection site of theinspection object 4 can be visually observed on theobservation screen 12.

図2はこの実施例を装置化したときの外観図であり、光学系部分を断面図で示している。この実施例は光源としてLED2,16を使用し、観察画面用12のモニタとして液晶表示素子を使用することにより、バッテリーによる駆動が可能で、小型化し、消費電力を抑えて携帯できるようにしている。  FIG. 2 is an external view when this embodiment is implemented as an apparatus, and shows an optical system portion in a sectional view. In this embodiment,LEDs 2 and 16 are used as light sources, and a liquid crystal display element is used as a monitor for theobservation screen 12, so that it can be driven by a battery, downsized, and portable with reduced power consumption. .

光源部などの部分の配置を更に説明する。レンズ10とフィルタ8は概略的に示されて。20はそのレンズ10の光軸を表わしている。検査対象4が配置されている側を前方とすると、レンズ10、フィルタ8の後方にはCCD素子6が内蔵されている。22はカバーであり、LED2,16、フィルタ8及びレンズ10の側方を被って遮光し、検査対象4に対向する側に開口をもっている。カバー22の前方開口を検査対象4に接触させると、カバー22内の空間には外部からの光が入射しないようになる。検査対象4からの蛍光による画像を取り込む際には、LED2が発生する励起光成分がなるべくCCD素子6に入射しないようにするために、検査対象4に対するLED2の照射角度が設定されている。カバー22の先端が検査対象4に接触した状態において、検査対象4上で光軸20とLED2とのなす角が30〜40度の間になるように、カバー22の先端位置、すなわちカバー22の長さが設定されている。  The arrangement of parts such as the light source will be further described.Lens 10 andfilter 8 are shown schematically.Reference numeral 20 denotes the optical axis of thelens 10. Assuming that the side on which theinspection object 4 is arranged is the front, aCCD element 6 is built in behind thelens 10 and thefilter 8. Acover 22 covers the sides of theLEDs 2 and 16, thefilter 8, and thelens 10 to shield the light, and has an opening on the side facing theinspection object 4. When the front opening of thecover 22 is brought into contact with theinspection object 4, light from the outside does not enter the space inside thecover 22. When capturing an image of fluorescence from theinspection object 4, the irradiation angle of theLED 2 with respect to theinspection object 4 is set so that the excitation light component generated by theLED 2 does not enter theCCD element 6 as much as possible. In the state where the tip of thecover 22 is in contact with theinspection object 4, the position of the tip of thecover 22, that is, the position of thecover 22 so that the angle formed by theoptical axis 20 and theLED 2 on theinspection object 4 is between 30 and 40 degrees. The length is set.

バッテリーは24の部分に内蔵され、ICカードなどの記憶媒体14は取外し可能に装着されている。26は操作パネルであり、各種機能のボタンが設けられている。  The battery is built in theportion 24, and thestorage medium 14 such as an IC card is detachably mounted. Anoperation panel 26 has buttons for various functions.

この実施例において、LED2から励起光の紫外光を検査対象4の食肉に照射すると、検査対象4の表面で正反射された励起光の一部はレンズ10に入射するが、光学カットフィルタ8によって励起光は遮断され、CCD素子6には到達しない。一方、検査対象4の食肉の脂肪部分では紫外線による励起作用の結果、蛍光が放出される。一般に蛍光は励起波長よりも長波長側の光線となり、この場合、波長400−500nmの可視光線が放出される。レンズ10に入射したこの可視光線は光学カットフィルタ8を透過可能であるので、結果として蛍光波長の光のみCCD素子6に到達する。これを液晶モニタ等の観察画面12により観察し、またこの観察画像を撮影して画像データを記録媒体14に格納する。  In this embodiment, when the meat of theinspection object 4 is irradiated with the ultraviolet light of the excitation light from theLED 2, a part of the excitation light specularly reflected on the surface of theinspection object 4 is incident on thelens 10. The excitation light is blocked and does not reach theCCD element 6. On the other hand, fluorescence is emitted from the fat portion of the meat of theinspection object 4 as a result of the excitation action by ultraviolet rays. In general, fluorescence becomes a light having a wavelength longer than the excitation wavelength, and in this case, visible light having a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm is emitted. Since this visible light incident on thelens 10 can pass through theoptical cut filter 8, as a result, only light having a fluorescence wavelength reaches theCCD element 6. This is observed on anobservation screen 12 such as a liquid crystal monitor, and this observation image is taken and image data is stored in therecording medium 14.

記憶媒体14はこの検査装置から取り外してパーソナルコンピュータなどの外部の画像処理装置に装着され、画像処理装置ではCCD素子6が取り込んだ画像データを処理して脂肪交雑等級を判定することができる。  Thestorage medium 14 is removed from the inspection apparatus and mounted on an external image processing apparatus such as a personal computer. The image processing apparatus can process the image data taken in by theCCD element 6 and determine the crossing grade.

図3はパーソナルコンピュータなどにより画像処理を行なうようにして本発明の脂肪交雑等級判定装置を実現した実施例を機能的に表わしたものである。CCD素子6が取り込んだ画像データをしきい値により二値化する二値化部30と、その二値化された画像データから脂肪交雑を表わす値を算出し、等級基準と比較して脂肪交雑等級を判定する食肉格付判定部32とを備えている。  FIG. 3 is a functional representation of an embodiment in which the crossing grade determination apparatus of the present invention is realized by performing image processing with a personal computer or the like. Abinarization unit 30 that binarizes image data captured by theCCD element 6 using a threshold value, calculates a value representing fat crossing from the binarized image data, and compares the result with a grade reference. And a meatrating judgment unit 32 for judging the grade.

図4はその脂肪交雑等級判定装置の処理を示したフローチャート図である。記録媒体14に記憶された画像データが取り出され、2値化部30においてしきい値と比較されて2値化される。食肉格付判定部32ではその2値化された画像データに基づいて各領域面積の定量化又は分布密度が数値化され、それを等級基準と比較することにより脂肪交雑等級が判定され、その判定値が指標値として出力される。  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing of the marbling grade determination apparatus. The image data stored in therecording medium 14 is taken out, compared with a threshold value in thebinarizing unit 30, and binarized. In the meatrating judgment unit 32, the quantification or distribution density of each area is quantified based on the binarized image data, and the cross grade is judged by comparing it with the grade standard. Is output as an index value.

本発明は、社団法人日本食肉格付協会や市場において実施されている食肉脂肪交雑等級の判定などに利用することができる。  The present invention can be used for the determination of the meat-fat crossing grade implemented in the Japan Meat Rating Association and the market.

脂肪交雑検査装置の一実施例を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows one Example of a marine crossing inspection apparatus.同実施例を装置化したときの外観図であり、(A)は正面図、(B)は光学系部分を断面図で示した一部切欠き側面図、(C)は底面図である。It is an external view when the same Example is apparatusized, (A) is a front view, (B) is a partially cutaway side view showing the optical system part in a sectional view, and (C) is a bottom view.脂肪交雑等級判定装置の実施例を機能的に表わしたブロック図である。It is the block diagram functionally showing the Example of the marine grade determination apparatus.図3の脂肪交雑等級判定装置の処理を示したフローチャート図である。It is the flowchart figure which showed the process of the marbling grade determination apparatus of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

2 紫外発光LED
4 検査対象の食肉
6 二次元CCD素子
8 光学カットフィルタ
10 レンズ
12 観察画面
14 記憶媒体
16 白色LED
20 レンズの光軸
30 二値化部
32 食肉格付判定部
2 UV LED
4 Meat to be inspected 6 Two-dimensional CCD element 8Optical cut filter 10Lens 12Observation screen 14Storage medium 16 White LED
20 Optical axis oflens 30Binarization unit 32 Meat rating judgment unit

Claims (9)

Translated fromJapanese
検査対象の食肉に励起光として紫外線を照射し、その照射部分から発生する光のうち蛍光を受光して蛍光による画像を作成し、その蛍光画像に基づいて脂肪交雑等級を判定することを特徴とする食肉の脂肪交雑検査方法。It is characterized by irradiating meat to be inspected with ultraviolet rays as excitation light, receiving fluorescence from light emitted from the irradiated portion, creating an image by fluorescence, and determining a marbling grade based on the fluorescence image A method for examining the cross of meat.前記励起光はその波長範囲に370nmから380nmの間の波長を含むものであり、前記蛍光は400nmから500nmの間の波長を含むものである請求項1に記載の脂肪交雑検査方法。2. The method of claim 1, wherein the excitation light includes a wavelength between 370 nm and 380 nm in the wavelength range, and the fluorescence includes a wavelength between 400 nm and 500 nm.画像を作成する蛍光波長を選択することにより検査対象の種類を選択する請求項1又は2に記載の脂肪交雑検査方法。The method for inspecting a marbling according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a type of an inspection object is selected by selecting a fluorescence wavelength for creating an image.検査対象の食肉に励起光として紫外線を照射する光源部と、
前記励起光による照射部分から発生する光を受光する二次元の受光素子と、
前記照射部分と受光素子の間に設けられて受光素子に入射する光から励起光成分を遮光する光学フィルタと、
前記照射部分と受光素子の間で前記光学フィルタの前又は後に設けられ、前記照射部分の像を前記受光素子に結ぶ光学系と、
前記光源部の光源、前記受光素子、前記光学フィルタ及び前記光学系の側方を被い、検査対象に対向する前方に開口をもつカバーとを備えたことを特徴とする食肉の脂肪交雑検査装置。
A light source unit that irradiates the meat to be inspected with ultraviolet light as excitation light;
A two-dimensional light receiving element for receiving light generated from the irradiated portion by the excitation light;
An optical filter that is provided between the irradiated portion and the light receiving element and shields an excitation light component from light incident on the light receiving element;
An optical system provided before or after the optical filter between the irradiation part and the light receiving element, and connecting an image of the irradiation part to the light receiving element;
A meat fat crossing inspection apparatus comprising a light source of the light source unit, a light receiving element, the optical filter, and a cover that covers a side of the optical system and has a front opening facing the inspection object. .
前記光源部は光源として紫外発光LEDを備えている請求項4に記載の脂肪交雑検査装置。The marine hybridization inspection apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the light source unit includes an ultraviolet light emitting LED as a light source.前記光源部の光源は前記光学系の光軸に垂直な面内で光軸を中心とする円の円周上に複数個が配置されており、前記カバーの先端が検査対象に接触した状態において食肉上で前記光軸と前記光源とのなす角が30度から45度の間の角度となるように、前記カバーの先端位置が設定されている請求項4又は5に記載の脂肪交雑検査装置。A plurality of light sources of the light source unit are arranged on a circumference of a circle centered on the optical axis in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical system, and the tip of the cover is in contact with the inspection object. The cross-breeding inspection apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a tip position of the cover is set so that an angle formed by the optical axis and the light source is between 30 degrees and 45 degrees on meat. .前記光源部にはさらに可視領域の光を発生する可視光源も備えて紫外線の励起光用の光源と切り換えて点灯できるものであり、前記光学フィルタは光源の励起光波長領域を含んでそれよりも短い波長側を遮光するカットフィルタであり、前記受光素子は励起光用光源点灯時の蛍光画像と可視光源点灯時の可視画像のいずれをも取り込めるようにした請求項4から6のいずれかに記載の脂肪交雑検査装置。The light source unit further includes a visible light source that generates light in the visible region, and can be switched on with a light source for ultraviolet excitation light, and the optical filter includes an excitation light wavelength region of the light source. 7. The cut filter for shielding a short wavelength side, wherein the light receiving element can capture both a fluorescent image when the excitation light source is turned on and a visible image when the visible light source is turned on. Marine crossing equipment.前記受光素子が取り込んだ画像データを記憶することができ、取り外して外部の画像処理装置にデータを転送できる着脱可能な記録媒体をさらに備えた請求項4から7のいずれかに記載の脂肪交雑検査装置。The cross-breeding test according to any one of claims 4 to 7, further comprising a detachable recording medium that can store the image data captured by the light receiving element, and that can be removed and transferred to an external image processing apparatus. apparatus.請求項4から8のいずれかに記載の脂肪交雑検査装置の前記受光素子が取り込んだ画像データを二値化する二値化部と、その二値化された画像データから脂肪交雑を表わす値を算出し、等級基準と比較して脂肪交雑等級を判定する食肉格付判定部とを備えた脂肪交雑等級判定装置。
A binarization unit for binarizing image data captured by the light receiving element of the marbling test apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 8, and a value representing the marbling from the binarized image data. A marbling grade determination device comprising: a meat rating judgment unit that calculates and determines a marbling grade in comparison with a grade standard.
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