【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、工具を着脱可能に
保持する工具保持孔を有する筒部を備え、その筒部を加
熱膨張させて工具保持孔に工具を挿入し、筒部が冷却す
ることによって工具保持孔が収縮して工具を締付保持す
るいわゆる焼き嵌め工具ホルダ、及び焼き嵌め工具ホル
ダに保持した工具によるワークの加工方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention comprises a tubular portion having a tool holding hole for detachably holding a tool, the tubular portion is heated and expanded to insert the tool into the tool holding hole, and the tubular portion is cooled. Accordingly, the present invention relates to a so-called shrink fitting tool holder in which the tool holding hole is contracted to hold the tool in a tight manner, and a method of machining a workpiece by the tool held in the shrink fitting tool holder.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】焼き嵌め工具ホルダは、工具ホルダ前部
に工具を締付けるための特別な締付け機構を要しないの
で、前部の径を細くできてワークとの干渉が生じにくく
なり、また工具との一体性が良く取付精度も高いという
特長があり、近年普及しつつある。2. Description of the Related Art A shrink-fit tool holder does not require a special tightening mechanism for tightening a tool on the front part of the tool holder, so that the diameter of the front part can be reduced and interference with the work is less likely to occur. It has the characteristics of good integration and high mounting accuracy, and is becoming popular in recent years.
【０００３】しかし工具ホルダの加熱、冷却に時間がか
かり、工具取替えの時間が長くなる問題点がある。これ
を解決するために特開平１１−２３５６０８号公報に開
示の工具チャックが提案されている。この工具チャック
は、チャック筒の外周部に収縮締付部が残る程度の深さ
にした複数の凹溝を形成し、かつ凹溝相互間にはそれぞ
れ放射方向に向けて張り出す補強リブ、又は周方向に向
かって延びる補強リブを形成具備し、チャック筒が短時
間で昇温し、短時間で冷却できるので工具の取替えが早
くなったり、補強リブの存在により曲げ強度、捩り強度
が大きくなるという効果を得たものである。焼き嵌め工
具ホルダのもう１つの問題点として、重切削や高速切削
をしている時の切削熱は大きく、その切削熱が工具を伝
わって工具ホルダのチャック筒を加熱し、チャック筒が
熱膨張して工具保持力が低下することである。極端な場
合は工具の抜けが生じる危険性がある。However, there is a problem in that it takes time to heat and cool the tool holder and the tool replacement time becomes long. To solve this problem, a tool chuck disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-235608 has been proposed. This tool chuck has a plurality of recessed grooves formed in the outer peripheral portion of the chuck cylinder with a depth such that the shrinkage fastening portion remains, and the reinforcing ribs projecting radially between the recessed grooves, or It has a reinforcing rib extending in the circumferential direction, and the chuck cylinder can be heated in a short time and cooled in a short time, so that the tool can be replaced quickly, and the presence of the reinforcing rib increases bending strength and torsional strength. The effect is obtained. Another problem with shrink-fit tool holders is that the cutting heat during heavy cutting or high-speed cutting is large, and the cutting heat is transmitted to the tool and heats the chuck cylinder of the tool holder, causing the chuck cylinder to expand thermally. Then, the tool holding force is reduced. In extreme cases, there is a risk that the tool may come off.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】特開平１１−２３５６
０８号公報の工具チャックは、チャック筒の外周部に収
縮締付部が残る程度の深さにした複数の凹溝を形成し、
かつ凹溝相互間にはそれぞれ放射方向に向けて張り出す
補強リブ、又は周方向に向かって延びる補強リブを形成
している。つまり収縮締付け部を比較的細くし、補強リ
ブで強度を保とうとする意図が窺われる。しかし放射方
向リブの場合は強度は保たれるが、工具ホルダは回転し
て用いるため、チャック筒部の回転外径は補強リブの外
径となり、ワークとの干渉を極力なくす効果は小さい。
周方向リブの場合は強度アップの効果はほとんどなく、
細い収縮締付け部のため工具ホルダとしての強度は小さ
く、かつ回転外径はリブの外径となり、問題点が多い。
ただ、チャック筒の外周表面積が大きくなり、冷却効果
はあると思われる。[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-2356
In the tool chuck of No. 08 publication, a plurality of recessed grooves are formed in the outer peripheral portion of the chuck cylinder to a depth such that a shrinkage fastening portion remains.
In addition, a reinforcing rib that projects in the radial direction or a reinforcing rib that extends in the circumferential direction is formed between the concave grooves. That is, the intention is to make the shrink tightening portion relatively thin and to maintain the strength with the reinforcing ribs. However, in the case of the radial rib, the strength is maintained, but since the tool holder is rotated and used, the rotating outer diameter of the chuck cylinder portion becomes the outer diameter of the reinforcing rib, and the effect of minimizing interference with the work is small.
In the case of circumferential ribs, there is almost no effect of increasing strength,
Since it is a thin shrinkage tightening portion, the strength as a tool holder is low, and the outer diameter of rotation is the outer diameter of the rib, which causes many problems.
However, the outer peripheral surface area of the chuck cylinder is increased, which seems to have a cooling effect.
【０００５】一方、工具ホルダの温度を下げるために工
具ホルダの外周に冷却フィンを形成した発明について述
べる。これは特開平９−２９０３０２号公報の主軸装置
の実施の形態２に開示されている。この冷却フィンによ
って、工具ホルダが装着される主軸よりも工具ホルダの
方が低い温度に維持され、工具ホルダと主軸との間に隙
間が生じないというものである。この発明は、焼き嵌め
工具ホルダが切削中に工具を伝わって来た切削熱のため
に加熱され、工具保持力が低下するのを防止するという
意図、目的を全く開示、示唆していない。On the other hand, an invention will be described in which cooling fins are formed on the outer periphery of the tool holder in order to lower the temperature of the tool holder. This is disclosed in the second embodiment of the spindle device of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-290302. With this cooling fin, the temperature of the tool holder is kept lower than that of the spindle on which the tool holder is mounted, and no gap is created between the tool holder and the spindle. The present invention does not disclose or suggest the intention or purpose of preventing the shrink-fit tool holder from being heated by the cutting heat transmitted through the tool during cutting to lower the tool holding force.
【０００６】本発明は、こうした従来技術の問題点を解
決することを技術課題としており、切削中に切削熱が工
具を伝わって工具ホルダのチャック筒を加熱膨張させな
いようにして工具保持力を維持し、かつ強度の低下がな
くワークとの干渉も生じにくい焼き嵌め工具ホルダを提
供することを目的としている。また焼き嵌め工具ホルダ
でワークを加工中、切削熱が工具を伝わって工具ホルダ
のチャック筒を加熱膨張させないワークの加工方法を提
供することを目的としている。The present invention has as a technical object to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the cutting heat is not transmitted to the tool during cutting so that the chuck cylinder of the tool holder is not heated and expanded to maintain the tool holding force. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a shrink fitting tool holder in which strength does not decrease and interference with a work does not easily occur. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of machining a workpiece in which cutting heat is not transmitted to the tool and the chuck cylinder of the tool holder is heated and expanded during machining of the workpiece by the shrink fit tool holder.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
本発明は、工作機械の回転主軸に把持されるシャンク部
と、工具を着脱可能に保持する工具保持孔を有する筒部
とを備え、前記筒部を加熱膨張させて前記工具保持孔に
工具を挿入し、前記筒部が冷却することによって前記工
具保持孔が収縮して工具を保持する工具ホルダにおい
て、前記筒部の外周に周方向又はらせん状の溝を複数周
にわたって形成した工具ホルダを要旨とする。To achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a shank portion which is gripped by a rotary spindle of a machine tool, and a tubular portion which has a tool holding hole for detachably holding a tool, In a tool holder that heats and expands the tubular portion to insert a tool into the tool holding hole, and cools the tubular portion to contract the tool holding hole to hold the tool, a circumferential direction around the outer periphery of the tubular portion. Alternatively, the gist is a tool holder in which a spiral groove is formed over a plurality of circumferences.
【０００８】また、本発明は、工具を保持した工具ホル
ダを工作機械の回転主軸に把持し、ワークとの間で相対
移動を行わせて前記ワークを加工するワークの加工方法
において、前記工具ホルダは、工具を着脱可能に保持す
る工具保持孔を有する筒部を備え、前記筒部を加熱膨張
させて前記工具保持孔に工具を挿入し、前記筒部が冷却
することによって前記工具保持孔が収縮して工具を保持
し、前記筒部の外周に周方向又はらせん状の溝を複数周
にわたって形成した工具ホルダであり、前記工具ホルダ
の周方向又はらせん状の溝にクーラントを供給しながら
ワークの加工を行うワークの加工方法を要旨とする。Further, the present invention provides a method for machining a workpiece, in which a tool holder holding a tool is gripped by a rotating spindle of a machine tool and is moved relative to the workpiece to machine the workpiece. Is equipped with a tubular portion having a tool holding hole for detachably holding a tool, heat-expands the tubular portion to insert the tool into the tool holding hole, and the tubular portion is cooled to cool the tool holding hole. A tool holder that contracts to hold a tool and has a circumferential or spiral groove formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion over a plurality of circumferences, while supplying coolant to the circumferential or spiral groove of the tool holder. The gist is the method of machining a workpiece that performs machining.
【０００９】筒部の外周に複数周にわたって形成した周
方向又はらせん状の溝は、比較的細くて浅く、筒部の外
周の表面積を大きくし、工具ホルダの回転により工具ホ
ルダ自身の空冷を促進し、かつ筒部の実質的な径をほと
んど小さくしていないので工具ホルダの強度は保ってい
る。工具ホルダの回転の空冷作用、又はクーラントを溝
に供給する強制冷却作用によって工具ホルダの筒部は冷
却され、工具から伝わる切削熱で筒部が膨張して工具保
持力が低下することがなくなる。また従来技術のように
補強リブはなく、工具ホルダの筒部の外径をいたずらに
大きくしてワークとの干渉が生じることもない。The circumferential or spiral groove formed over the outer circumference of the cylindrical portion is relatively thin and shallow, which increases the surface area of the outer circumference of the cylindrical portion and promotes air cooling of the tool holder itself by rotating the tool holder. In addition, the strength of the tool holder is maintained because the substantial diameter of the cylindrical portion is not reduced. The cylindrical portion of the tool holder is cooled by the air-cooling action of the rotation of the tool holder or the forced cooling action of supplying the coolant to the groove, so that the cutting heat transmitted from the tool does not expand the tubular portion and lower the tool holding force. Further, unlike the prior art, there is no reinforcing rib, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion of the tool holder is unnecessarily increased to prevent interference with the work.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、添付図面を参照して本発明
の好しい実施形態を説明する。図１及び図２は、それぞ
れ本発明の工具ホルダの第１の実施形態及び第２の実施
形態を示す正面図、図３は本発明のワークの加工方法を
示す正面図である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 are front views showing a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the tool holder of the present invention, respectively, and FIG. 3 is a front view showing a method of machining a workpiece of the present invention.
【００１１】本発明の第１の実施形態の工具ホルダは、
工作機械の主軸頭１に回転可能に支持された主軸３の先
端部に設けられたテーパ穴に装着されるシャンク部５に
続けて、自動工具交換装置（図示せず）のグリッパが把
持するフランジ部７が形成され、フランジ部７の前方に
工具９を挿入保持する工具保持孔１１を有する筒部１３
が更に一体的に形成されている。筒部１３の外周は先細
のテーパ形状になっており、比較的細くて浅い多数の周
方向の溝１５が形成されている。溝１５は、周方向にい
く重にも形成されている。溝１５はらせん状に何周にも
渡って形成されていても良い。筒部の寸法は、例えば筒
部１３の先端部外径３６ｍｍ、基部外径４６ｍｍ、工具
保持孔１１の内径２０ｍｍに対し、溝１５の幅１．５ｍ
ｍ、溝１５の深さ１．５ｍｍである。The tool holder according to the first embodiment of the present invention is
A flange gripped by a gripper of an automatic tool changer (not shown) following a shank portion 5 mounted in a taper hole provided in a tip end portion of a spindle 3 rotatably supported by a spindle head 1 of a machine tool. A tubular portion 13 in which a portion 7 is formed and which has a tool holding hole 11 for inserting and holding the tool 9 in front of the flange portion 7.
Are further integrally formed. The outer circumference of the cylindrical portion 13 has a tapered shape, and a large number of relatively thin and shallow circumferential grooves 15 are formed. The groove 15 is formed in multiple layers in the circumferential direction. The groove 15 may be spirally formed over a number of turns. As for the dimensions of the tubular portion, for example, the outer diameter of the tip portion of the tubular portion 13 is 36 mm, the outer diameter of the base portion is 46 mm, the inner diameter of the tool holding hole 11 is 20 mm, and the width of the groove 15 is 1.5 m.
m, and the depth of the groove 15 is 1.5 mm.
【００１２】加熱冷却装置（図示せず）で筒部１３を加
熱し、工具保持孔１１の内径を膨張した後、工具９のシ
ャンク部を工具保持孔１１に挿入し、冷却すると筒部１
３は収縮し、工具９が筒部１３に焼き嵌めされ、強固に
保持される。工具９を筒部１３から抜き取る場合も筒部
１３を加熱し、工具保持孔１１の内径を広げる。筒部１
３の外周をテーパ形状にしたのは、重切削に耐えらえる
ようにするためである。これに対して筒部１３の外周を
ストレート形状にしたものが図２の本発明の第２の実施
形態である。第１の実施形態との違いは、筒部１３の外
径が比較的細いストレート形状でなり、さほど重切削で
はなく、深彫りなど工具ホルダとワークとの干渉が問題
となる用途に適している。工具保持孔に挿入する工具は
エンドミル、ドリル、リーマなどである。After heating the cylindrical portion 13 with a heating / cooling device (not shown) to expand the inner diameter of the tool holding hole 11, the shank portion of the tool 9 is inserted into the tool holding hole 11 and when cooled, the cylindrical portion 1
3 shrinks, the tool 9 is shrink-fitted into the tubular portion 13, and is firmly held. Even when the tool 9 is pulled out from the tubular portion 13, the tubular portion 13 is heated to widen the inner diameter of the tool holding hole 11. Tube 1
The reason why the outer circumference of 3 is tapered is to withstand heavy cutting. On the other hand, the cylindrical portion 13 having a straight outer periphery is the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The difference from the first embodiment is that the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 13 is a relatively thin straight shape, and it is suitable for applications where interference between the tool holder and the work is a problem, such as deep engraving, rather than heavy cutting. . The tools to be inserted into the tool holding holes are end mills, drills, reamers and the like.
【００１３】このような第１、第２の実施形態の工具ホ
ルダに例えばエンドミルを保持して荒加工をしている
時、切削熱がエンドミルのシャンク部から筒部１３に伝
達されて筒部１３を加熱することがある。その時、溝１
５は高速で回転しており、自己空冷作用が働き筒部１３
は昇温、熱膨張しにくく、工具保持力はほとんど低下し
ない。更に図３のように第１ノズル１７から気体又は液
体のクーラントを溝１５に供給すれば、更に筒部１３は
冷却されることになり、工具保持力は低下しない。第２
ノズル１９から工具９とワーク２１との加工点に向けて
流体クーラントを供給しても良い。When rough machining is carried out, for example, by holding the end mill in the tool holders of the first and second embodiments, cutting heat is transferred from the shank portion of the end mill to the cylindrical portion 13 and the cylindrical portion 13. May be heated. Then groove 1
5 is rotating at a high speed, and the self-air cooling function works and the cylindrical portion 13
Does not easily rise in temperature or thermally expand, and the tool holding power hardly decreases. Further, if a gas or liquid coolant is supplied to the groove 15 from the first nozzle 17 as shown in FIG. 3, the tubular portion 13 is further cooled, and the tool holding force does not decrease. Second
The fluid coolant may be supplied from the nozzle 19 toward the processing point of the tool 9 and the work 21.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】上述の通り本発明によれば、工具ホルダ
の筒部の外周に周方向又はらせん状の溝を複数周にわた
って形成したことにより、切削熱が工具を伝わって筒部
を加熱しようとしても、回転中の冷却作用によって筒部
は昇温、熱膨張しにくく、工具保持力はほとんど低下し
ない。溝は比較的幅狭で浅いので工具保持孔の肉厚は確
保されており、工具ホルダの強度の低下はない。しかも
従来技術のように補強リブを必要としないので筒部の外
径を最小限度にすることができ、工具ホルダとワークと
の干渉も問題とならない。筒部の溝に向かってクーラン
トを供給しながらワークを加工すれば、更に高い冷却作
用が生じ、工具ホルダの工具保持力は低下しない。この
ようにして、切削熱の大きな重切削や高速切削に適した
工具ホルダ及びワークの加工方法が提供される。As described above, according to the present invention, the cutting heat is transmitted to the tool to heat the cylindrical portion by forming the circumferential or spiral groove on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion of the tool holder over a plurality of circumferences. Even so, the temperature rise and thermal expansion of the tubular portion are less likely to occur due to the cooling action during rotation, and the tool holding force hardly decreases. Since the groove is relatively narrow and shallow, the wall thickness of the tool holding hole is secured, and the strength of the tool holder is not reduced. Moreover, unlike the prior art, since the reinforcing rib is not required, the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion can be minimized, and the interference between the tool holder and the work does not pose a problem. If the workpiece is machined while supplying the coolant toward the groove of the cylindrical portion, a higher cooling action occurs and the tool holding force of the tool holder does not decrease. In this way, a tool holder and a method for machining a work suitable for heavy cutting and high-speed cutting with large cutting heat are provided.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施形態による工具ホルダの正
面図である。FIG. 1 is a front view of a tool holder according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第２の実施形態による工具ホルダの正
面図である。FIG. 2 is a front view of a tool holder according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の工具ホルダを用いたワークの加工方法
を示す正面図である。FIG. 3 is a front view showing a method of machining a work using the tool holder of the present invention.
１…主軸頭３…主軸５…シャンク部７…フランジ部９…工具１１…工具保持孔１３…筒部１５…溝１７…第１ノズル１９…第２ノズル２１…ワーク1 ... Spindle head3 ... Spindle5 ... Shank part7 ... Flange9 ... Tool11 ... Tool holding hole13 ... Cylinder15 ... Groove17 ... No. 1 nozzle19 ... Second nozzle21 ... work
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001400210AJP2003200328A (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2001-12-28 | Tool holder and workpiece machining method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001400210AJP2003200328A (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2001-12-28 | Tool holder and workpiece machining method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003200328Atrue JP2003200328A (en) | 2003-07-15 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001400210APendingJP2003200328A (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2001-12-28 | Tool holder and workpiece machining method |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2003200328A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105058111A (en)* | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆市兴林电器有限公司 | Locking mechanism for machining outer teeth of rib pipe |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105058111A (en)* | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆市兴林电器有限公司 | Locking mechanism for machining outer teeth of rib pipe |
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