Method and device for operating a bus coupler for a building system engineering busTechnical Field
The invention relates to an operating method and a device for a bus coupler of a building system engineering bus, in particular an EIB bus of the European Installation Bus Association (EIBA), for supplying electrical energy to an electrical system of a user device and for transmitting data pulses. A compensating pulse is generated for each data pulse in order to increase the transmission capacity.
Background
Building systems bus usually consists of a line system with two conductors which are twisted together in order to avoid interference.
For connection to the user device, a bus coupler is used, which usually has a transformer as a sorter for information and electrical energy. The patent document WO 98/04027 also suggests the use of a separate transformerless bus coupler. The characteristics of a bus coupler with a transformer are simulated in the bus coupler without the transformer. Such a circuit can be made smaller because the space for installing the transformer is eliminated. The electrical power for powering the electrical system of the bus coupler is obtained from the bus, from which the electrical power required by the devices to be connected to the consumer electronic system is also obtained. I.e. the current required for the compensation pulse and the current required for the electrical system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is based on the object of developing an operating method and a device for a bus coupler of a building system engineering bus, which method and device are capable of saving electrical energy while meeting the required power consumption.
The above-mentioned object is achieved in that a method for operating a bus coupler for a bus in a building system engineering bus for supplying electrical energy to an electrical system of a consumer device and for transmitting data pulses, wherein a compensation pulse is generated for each data pulse in order to increase the transmission capability, according to the invention a compensation current is formed for generating the compensation pulse from a basic current, wherein the basic current is suitable for meeting the general power requirements of the consumer device and a consumer electronic system which can be connected to the consumer device, the basic current is supplied to the consumer electronic system on the scale required by the consumer electronic system, and is branched off via a reference potential when the consumer electronic system requires a partial current. When the current demand of the consumer electronic system exceeds the basic current, the current demand is met by an additional current, wherein, in order to avoid an increase in the power consumption caused by the inherent capacitance of the consumer electronic system, the additional current is adjusted in the starting phase to be less than the maximum allowable current during starting minus the basic current, the additional current is increased after starting and is increased until the maximum allowable current in the operating phase connected with the starting phase.
The basic current can also be said to be partially switched back and forth between the consumer electronics system and the power supply device, the basic current also forming the compensation current. I.e. the basic current forms at least the compensation current and, in addition to the power requirement of the bus coupler circuit arrangement, also meets the power requirement of the consumer electronic system.
The above object is further solved by an operating device for a bus coupler for a building system bus for carrying out the above method for supplying electrical energy to a user equipment electrical system and for transmitting data pulses, wherein a compensation pulse is generated for each data pulse in order to increase the transmission capability by reducing the system oscillation decay time, according to the invention: forming a compensation current in a power supply for generating a base current for generating compensation pulses, wherein the power supply supplies a base capacitor connected to a reference potential, the power supply being connected to the base capacitor between two bus lines, one of which forms the reference potential, the base capacitor being able to generate or supply an electrical system voltage (Bordnetzspan) for the consumer electronic system, wherein a shunt regulator connected to the reference potential is connected in parallel with the base capacitor, the shunt regulator being able to regulate in order to maintain the electrical system voltage of the consumer electronic system, a corresponding comparison voltage being applied to the shunt regulator, a longitudinal regulator being connected via its output to the consumer electronic system voltage level of the shunt regulator, the comparison voltage of the longitudinal regulator being smaller than the comparison voltage of the shunt regulator, the input of the longitudinal regulator is connected to a reference potential via an additional capacitor, to which an additional voltage source to be regulated supplies power in order to maintain a normal operating voltage, the voltage of the additional capacitor relative to the reference potential being monitored by a monitoring device which acts on the regulating device of the additional power source.
The additional power supply is used to meet the increased current demand of the consumer electronic system after the start-up phase has elapsed. In the case of consumer electronics systems, the longitudinal regulator also acts as an additional power supply, i.e. for maintaining the voltage on the basic capacitor. Such means may be implemented in an integrated switching circuit, i.e. IC.
It is advantageous if a current sensor is arranged in the current path of the additional power supply, the output of which sensor is connected to a terminal of the regulating device of the additional power supply, wherein a compensation device and a memory device are connected to the terminal of the additional power supply. These devices are designed for this purpose such that the measured additional current value can be stored and, when the voltage is reduced by a disturbance, the additional current can be adjusted to the previously measured additional current value by the adjusting device. This means that the previous operating state is reached again quickly after a voltage disturbance.
It is advantageous to design the regulating means of the additional power supply such that the rate of change of the current is limited to less than or equal to 0.5 mA/ms. This ensures that the bus ends are not excessively loaded even in the presence of a large number of bus couplers.
If the longitudinal regulator is switched off during the start-up phase, the consumer electronic system can only use the basic current during the start-up phase.
The integrated circuit may be a so-called UART type integrated circuit for twisted pair (in english: twisted pair), i.e. a TPUART type integrated circuit.
According to a simple embodiment, the longitudinal regulator can have a switch at its input under the control of its current valve, the voltage monitoring device acting on the switch to switch it to the on state when a specific voltage (the voltage across the voltage monitoring device for the additional power supply regulating device) is reached which characterizes the end of the start-up phase.
Drawings
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to an embodiment which is roughly illustrated in the accompanying drawings:
the figure shows a schematic circuit diagram of a bus coupler connected between bus conductors 3 and 4 and a user device.
Detailed Description
A bus coupler contains or comprises an integrated circuit 1 for powering the other electronic components of the bus coupler and for powering a consumer electronic system 2. The integrated circuit 1 is connected to a bus system via bus lines 3, 4. A power supply 5 for generating a basic current is regulated by a regulating device 6 to form a compensation current for the compensation pulse. The primary power supply 5 is connected to a primary capacitor 7, the other end of which is connected to the bus conductor 4. In an embodiment this bus conductor has the negative bus potential VB-as reference potential. The basic capacitor 7 can provide the operating voltage for the consumer electronic system 2. I.e. the user voltage can be established between the VCC potential point 8 and the reference potential. The primary power supply 5 is connected at its other end to a further bus conductor 3 with a positive bus voltage VB +. The basic capacitor 7 is connected in parallel with a shunt regulator 10, to which a comparison voltage 11 of, for example, 5.05V is applied. The longitudinal regulator 12 with a comparison voltage 13 is connected with its output to the electrical system voltage VCC level of the consumer electronic system 2. An additional capacitor is connected between the input of the longitudinal regulator and the reference potential. The regulated additional power supply 15 supplies the additional capacitor 14 with a normal operating voltage for the consumer electronic system 2. The voltage across the additional capacitor 14 is controlled by a monitoring device 16 which acts on a regulating device 17 of the additional power supply 15. Advantageously, the comparison voltage 13 of the longitudinal regulator 12 is slightly lower than the comparison voltage 11 of the shunt regulator 10, in order to ensure stable operation.
The shunt regulator 10 has one controllable current valve 18 and the longitudinal regulator has another controllable current valve 19. If the comparison voltage of the shunt regulator is adjusted to 5.05V, the comparison voltage 13 of the longitudinal regulator 12 can be 5V in the present exemplary embodiment.
The regulating means 6 of the primary power supply 5 may supply a primary current of, for example, 3 mA. For example, 5V + -5% can be provided at the VCC potential point 8. The bus voltage between bus lines 3 and 4 may be, for example, in an operating range of 20 to 30V.
The regulating means 17 of the additional power supply 15 can limit the current of the additional power supply to 6mA and then to 13mA, for example, in the starting range. Advantageously, the regulating device is generally designed such that the rate of change of the current is limited to less than or equal to 0.5 mA/ms.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the longitudinal regulator 12 has a switch 20 at its input, which is controlled by its current valve 19. The longitudinal adjuster is switched off when the switch 20 is opened. Advantageously, the switch 20 is closed only after the end of the start-up phase of the additional power supply 15 and thus switches on the longitudinal adjuster 12.
Advantageously, a current sensor 21 is provided in the current circuit of the additional power supply 15, the output of which is connected to a connection 22 of the regulating device 17 of the additional power supply 15. For this purpose, the regulating device is designed to be able to store the current value received at its connection 22 and measured by the current sensor 21 and to regulate the additional current to the previously measured additional current value by means of the regulating device 17 after the voltage disturbance when the voltage is reduced.
The device for supplying and forming a compensation current is supplied by:
when the integrated circuit 1 is connected to the bus voltage between the bus conductors 3 and 4, the basic supply 5 supplies the basic capacitor 7 and here establishes the operating voltage VCC for the consumer electronics system 2. The current of the primary power supply 5 can be varied such that it is the compensation current as seen from the bus. This compensation current can be adapted to the current requirement of the consumer electronics system 2 or can be shunted completely or partially by a shunt regulator 10 connected in parallel to the base capacitor 7 via the reference potential 9. The additional power supply 15 charges the additional capacitor 14 during the start-up phase until a given voltage is reached. During the start-up phase, the regulating device 17 of the additional power supply 15 regulates the current to a given current which is smaller than after the start-up phase. The longitudinal regulator 12 is activated when the control device 16 determines that the additional capacitance 14 has reached a given voltage. The longitudinal regulator 12 has a switch 20 which is switched on, i.e. changes to a conducting state, after the additional capacitance 14 has reached a given voltage, so that a particularly well-defined relationship can be achieved. The longitudinal regulator 12 acts like an additional power supply at its output to the shunt regulator 10, which serves to meet the increased current demands of the consumer electronics system and to discharge the primary power supply 5. The electrical system voltage VCC of the consumer electronics system can thus be ensured at the base capacitor 7.
It is further advantageous that the maximum power consumption in case of an applied bus voltage is limited to 3mA supplied by the basic power supply 5 and 6mA supplied by the additional power supply 15, i.e. to a total of 9mA, whereby a so-called soft start is achieved. After the start-up phase, the current is limited to 3mA +13mA, i.e. 16mA in total, according to the exemplary embodiment. These current values are realized in transient states of the bus connection. This allows the current demand of the consumer electronic system to be automatically adjusted overall without disturbing the data conversion of the bus due to changes in the load current of the consumer electronic system. In the event of a disturbance (interruption) in the bus voltage, as specified by the EIBA, it should be ensured that the supply is still possible within 2 ms. The above power supply method and apparatus can easily achieve this.
In operation shunt regulator 10 acts like a variable resistor, wherein a power consumption of 3mA indicates that no power consumption from the bus is increased.
The voltage of the additional capacitor can be adjusted to 8.5V for starting. As soon as this voltage is reached or exceeded, the regulating device 17 switches from a lower starting current to a higher operating current of, for example, 13 mA. The soft start is only started when the voltage over the additional capacitance 14 is, for example, less than or equal to 6V. The switching off of the vertical regulator 12 requires an input voltage which, in order to control the VCC voltage of 5V, should be 1V, i.e., 6V, greater than the VCC voltage of 5V. The current is limited by the current limit to a value at which the current falls back to the start-up phase (e.g. 6mA), and when the additional current is greater than 6mA, this may be done at a current limit rate of 0.5mA/ms to exit the run phase. The voltage regulation of the shunt regulator 10 and the longitudinal regulator 12 is carried out in each case in such a way that the shunt regulator is set to a higher voltage than the longitudinal regulator. This measure allows the voltage regulation to be automatically switched to VCC as a function of the load situation. If the current required by the connected consumer electronic system is greater than the basic current of, for example, 3mA, the shunt regulator 10 can no longer regulate and cut off the current. When the base current is insufficient to cause the voltage VCC to drop, the longitudinal regulator 12 is activated and regulates VCC to a desired voltage, for example 5V, as soon as the voltage is less than a given value, for example 5V ± one deviation value. The necessary additional current flows from the additional power supply 15 or from the additional capacitor 14 through the longitudinal regulator 12 to the consumer electronic system.
Furthermore, the additional capacitor 14 can play a role in ensuring the supply of power to the consumer electronic system when the voltage on the bus is disturbed in a time less than or equal to a given deviation time, for example 2 ms. The additional capacitor 14 is again charged by the additional power supply 15 after the voltage has been disturbed. The additional capacitance 14 can also compensate for current surges due to rapid load changes.