1 2422605 COSMETIC, VETERINARY1 PHARMACEUTICAL AND THERAPEUTIC
COMPOSITIONS [0001] This invention relates to cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical and therapeutic compositions, and in particular to such compositions which use a novel thickening agent.
The thickening agent is a dispersion of an ionic (anionic and/or cationic) cross-linked polymer, preferably an acrylic polymer in silicone that exhibits both thickening and emulsifying properties, more preferably it is an inverse emulsion of the cross-linked ionic polymer in the silicone. In another aspect, the invention relates to a process for making and a process for using such compositions.
2] Various thickeners exist and are already used in personal care compositions to modify rheological properties and to improve stability. Natural materials such as gum arabic, guar gum, starches and modified natural starches are widely used but have drawbacks inherent to their composition such as high sensitivity to microbial attack and variable performance.
3] Synthetic materials are used more commonly, since they can be made with more consistent quality and better stability but have the drawback of requiring neutralization when they are used, since they only develop their higher viscosity from a pH > 6.5 and they are often difficult to disperse.
4] Inverse emulsion or dispersion polymers are well known as thickeners in personal care compositions and typically are provided as a water-in-oil emulsion form or as anhydrous dispersions. When the inverse emulsion polymer is added to water during preparation of the personal care composition the water phase becomes the continuous phase, and the polymer expands through the water phase to thicken and give stability to the now reversed, oil-in- water, creamy white emulsion.
5] An acrylic polymer dispersion is a type of thickener often referred to in the industry as a Liquid Dispersion Polymer, or LDP. In an LDP an acrylic polymer, or a water solution of the acrylic polymer (in which case it is sometimes referred to as an inverse emulsion, in addition to or instead of LDP), is dispersed in a carrier oil together with a surfactant (the "inverting surfactant") that helps to bring the acrylic polymer into contact with the aqueous phase of a cosmetic composition. The carrier oil is usually an organic carrier oil, for example paraffinum liquidum, ethylhexyl stearate, C13...14 isoparaffin.
6] Sometimes the LDP is dispersed in a carrier oil, which is a silicone. This is referred to herein as an SLOP (Silicone Liquid Dispersion Polymer). Patent application WO 02/44228 A2 describes SLDPs, which are indicated as useful for their thickening performance. This dispersion is however anhydrous, thus avoiding stability issues linked to the presence of water. However, a special process step is needed to remove the water during processing.
(0007] A technical issue extremely important for the synthetic polymers to be used for thickening, stabilization, and emulsification for cosmetic or therapeutic compositions is that they are to have a high compatibility with other components used in the final composition in order to optimise the stability of these compositions.
8] While patent application WO 02/244228 A2 discloses only the thickening performances of the SLDPs, there is still a need to provide inverse emulsion polymers able to better emulsify and stabilize cosmetic or therapeutic compositions based on silicones.
More specifically, there is still a need to provide such compositions with the ability to better emulsify such silicone emollients which are known to be hard to disperse in an aqueous phase, for example high molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane. Moreover, there is still a need to provide inverse emulsion polymers imparting the benefit of emulsifying high amounts of silicone fluids and/or organic carrier oils (up to 50 percent per weight into cosmetic or therapeutic compositions).
9] For the sake of simplicity we will be using the term SLDP in this specification as defining both the silicone liquid dispersion polymer systems as described above, and the more preferred inverse emulsions of the cross-linked ionic polymer in the silicone, also described above.
0] It has now surprisingly been found that the above needs can be met by providing a cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic composition that comprises as essential ingredient an SLOP showing enhanced emulsifying properties, a silicone emollient, at least one cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic agent, and water. The enhanced emulsifying properties of the SLOP have been provided by a combination of an oil-in-water emulsifying agent and a silicone-based emulsifying agent. The silicone emollient may be any silicone material, but is preferably a relatively high molecular weight silicone, more preferably a polydimethylsiloxane. These high molecular weight silicones are normally hard to disperse in an aqueous phase. It is therefore with such silicones that the benefits of the present invention are most clearly seen. The performance demonstrated by the SLDPs can of course also be extended to other silicones which are not easily dispersed in an aqueous phase, such as dimethicone crosspolymers and/or silicone gums (high molecular weight dimethiconols).
(0011] In addition, it has been surprisingly found that the SLDP contained in the compositions of the present invention is able to emulsify high amounts (up to 50 percent by weight of the total cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic composition), particularly 20 to 50%, or more preferably 30 to 50%, of silicone, for example silicone gum, but also high amounts of organic carrier oils such as paraffinum liquidum (mineral oil). The improved performance of the SLDPs of the present invention relative to commercial LDPs is believed to be partly due to the miscibility of the SLDP carrier oil with the silicone emollient in the compositions we have studied but also to a higher efficiency of the thickening acrylic polymer in the SLDP when it synthesized in a silicone carrier oil. Higher efficiency refers to the ability to emulsify a relatively large amount of oil with a small amount of the SLDP.
(0012] The invention accordingly provides in a first aspect a cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic composition comprising an ionic (anionic and/or cationic) cross-linked polymer capable of thickening the composition, a water-in-oil emulsifying agent, a silicone material, at least one cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic agent, and water, characterised in that it also comprises a silicone-based emulsifying agent and in that the cross-linked polymer is provided to the composition during the manufacture of the composition as an inverse emulsion of the cross-linked polymer and some water emulsified in a silicone material, and comprising the water-in-oil emulsifying agent and the silicone emulsifying agent.
(0013] In another aspect, the invention provides a process for making a cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic composition by adding an inverse emulsion comprising an ionic (anionic and/or cationic) crosslinked polymer capable of thickening the composition, water, a water-inoil emulsifying agent and a silicone emulsifying agent and a silicone material to a cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic agent, water and optionally more silicone material, and agitating the mixture to enable the cross-linked polymer to mix with the water and to thicken the composition.
4] In yet another aspect, the invention provides a method of treating a human or animal by applying the cosmetic or veterinary composition of the first aspect to the invention to the human or animal body. This application can be done for all sorts of purposes, but the invention as claimed excludes the use in surgery, therapy or diagnostic methods.
[00151 A composition according to the present invention comprises as essential component an ionic, anionic and/or cationic cross-linked polymer. This polymer is introduced in the process via the SLDP, preferably the inverse emulsion, where it is present in said dispersion/inverse emulsion in an amount from 10% to 80% by weight, preferably 15 to 50%, more preferably 20 to 30% by weight. The polymer is a cross-linked anionic, cationic or amphoteric polymer. The amount of cross-linked polymer in the compositions according to the invention may vary from 0,1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 5%, more preferably 0.5 to 3% most preferably 0.75 to 1.75% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
6] By cross-linked polymers, we generally relate in the present invention to polymers resulting from the use, during their polymerisation, of a cross-link agent. Such polymerisation is preferably carried out in a reverse emulsion form, a process well known to the person skilled in the art of making ionic thickening agents.
7] A preferred process for making such cross-linked polymer includes the use of from 10% to 100% molar of at least one monomer having an ionic charge and from 0% to 90% molar of at least one monomer having a neutral charge, whereby the concentration of such active material during the polymerisation is preferably in the range from 20% to 50%. The preference is to reach a cross-linking level which exceeds by more than 10 ppm, preferably more than 50 ppm and more preferably more than 200 ppm the cross-linking level of most commercially available materials.
8] A non-exhaustive list of monomers capable of being used in the preparation of the more preferred cross-linked polymers includes as: Cationic monomers: dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide, diallylamine, methyldiallylamine and their quaternized ammonium or acidic salts.
- Anionic monomers with a carboxylic function: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their salts, monomers with a sulfonic acid function such as 2-acrylamido-2- methylpropane sulfonic acid and their salts.
Non-ionic monomers: acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, vinylacetate, vinylic alcohol, acrylate esters and/or allylic alcohol.
(0019] It is important to note that it is possible to use, in association with these monomers, at least one non water-soluble monomer such as an acrylic, allylic or vinylic monomer comprising a hydrophobic group.
(0020] As cross-linkers the following are examples which could be used: methylene bisacrylamide, ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diacrylamide, cyanomethacrylate, vinyloxyethyl(meth) acrylate, formaldehyde, glyoxal, glycidylether or any well known crosslinking material, known to the person skilled in the art.
1] The compositions described herein additionally comprises water. For purposes of this invention the term "water" refers to any material consisting essentially of, or predominantly of, H20. If used in a cosmetic composition, this component must be a cosmetically acceptable material. The water component of the compositions according to the invention serves in most applications intended by this invention to increase the water content of human or animal skin and to retard moisture loss from the skin over time. Water may be present at different levels, depending on the type of composition which is created.
The general level at which water is present is from about 50 to 98% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, preferably from about 70 to about 96% by weight, more preferably 80 to 95% by weight. A small proportion of the water provided will result from the water present in the inverse emulsion used in the process for making the compositions, and this will of course need to be taken into account when formulating the composition.
2] The compositions also comprises a silicone material. Some or all of the silicone may be introduced as part of the SLDP during the process of making the compositions, although additional silicone may be added. The silicone material may be a single material or a mixture of more than one silicone materials. However, as indicated above, it is preferred that at least one silicone included in the compositions is one which does not easily disperse in an aqueous phase. Silicone materials are well known in the art, but below are described several more preferred silicone materials for use in the compositions according to the invention. They may be used in the compositions at different levels, depending on the type of composition which is prepared. This could vary from 1 to 50% by weight of the total formulation, preferably 1 to 10%, more preferably 2 to 8%, most preferably 3 to 5% by weight.
3] One type of silicone materials are high molecular weight nonvolatile polysiloxanes having the general structure: RI Rh RI R1-Si 0 Si 0 Si RI
RI RI
where n has a value to provide polymers with a viscosity in the range of from about 100 to about 600,000 mm2/s at 25 C. Each RI and R2 are independently alkyl radicals of 1-20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably methyl, or aryl groups such as phenyl. Typically, the value of n is from about 20 to about 500, more preferably from 80 to 375. Illustrative polysiloxanes are polydimethylsiloxane, polyd iethylsiloxane, polymethylethylsiloxane, polymethyiphenylsiloxane, and polydiphenylsiloxane as well as polysiloxanes having a mixture of different -OSiR1 R2- units. This type of silicone material is the most preferred silicone for the compositions according to the invention, whether used alone or in combination with other silicone materials.
4] Another type of silicone materials which may be used are often referred to as alkyl methyl siloxanes. These materials include volatile and non-volatile liquids and waxes.
These materials can be either cyclic having a structure [MeRSiO]a[Me2SiO] b or linear having a structure R'Me2SiO(MeRSiO)W(Me2SiO)XS1R'Me2 wherein each R is independently a hydrocarbon of 6 to 30 carbon atoms, R' is methyl or R, a is 1-6, b is 0-5, w is 0-100 and x is 0-100, provided a + b is 3-6 and w is not 0 if R' is methyl. Exemplary compounds include [MeC6H1 3SiO]4, [MeC1 4H2gSiO]4, [Me2SiO]3[C1 8H37MeSiO] and Me3SiO(MeC6H13SiO)SiMe3. Where the value of w is 0 to 100 and xis 1 to 100, and the w + x is in the range of 20 to 200, the materials are referred to as alkylmethylsiloxane waxes.
5] Cyclic silicone materials are preferably present in the compositions according to the invention, either as a silicone component of its own and/or as a solvent for high molecular weight silicone, such as silicone gum. These, generally volatile, materials are known in the cosmetic industry under the International Cosmetic Ingredient (INCI) name cyclomethicone.
More details can be found in the CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary'. Some representative examples are octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (INCI name: Cyclotetrasiloxane), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (I NCI name: Cyclopentasiloxane, and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (INCI name Cyclohexasiloxane). These cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes generally have a degree of polymerisation of from 3 to 7. Alternatively or in addition, it is also possible to use cyclic polymethylhydrogensiloxanes, cyclic polymethylvinylsiloxanes, and cyclic polymethylphenylsi loxanes, with a low degree of polymerisation, preferably 3 to 5. Such other cyclic silicones are also known and used in the cosmetic and silicone industry.
(0026] Another type of silicone materials which are preferably used in the compositions according to the invention are polydiorganosiloxane gum. These materials consist of units which can be represented by an average unit formula RaSiO 4-a12 where each R is a methyl radical, a vinyl radical, a phenyl radical, an ethyl radical or a 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl radical and a has an average value of 1.95 to 2.05 inclusive. Since the polydiorganosiloxane gums are in most cases essentially polydimethylsiloxane gums, at least 90 percent of the total R groups are preferably methyl radicals and the remaining R groups may be vinyl, phenyl, ethyl of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl. The polydiorganosiloxane gums suitable for use in the compositions according to the present invention are most preferably essentially composed of dimethylsiloxane units. The polydiorganosiloxane gums are well known in the art and can be obtained commercially, and are considered to be insoluble polydiorganosiloxanes which have viscosities greater than 1,000,000 mm2/s at 25 C, preferably greater than 5,000,000 mm2/s at 25 C. They tend to be mainly linear siloxanes (where for substantially all units a has a value of 2), and may be end-blocked by units of the formula SiR2R", wherein R" may be the same as R, but more preferably is a hydroxyl group.
7] Yet another type of silicone materials, suitable for use in the compositions according to the invention are silicone resins. These resin compositions are generally highly cross-linked polymeric siloxanes. Crosslinking is reflected by the presence of trifunctional and/or tetrafunctional siloxane units with monofunctional and/or difunctional siloxane units.
These may result from cohydrolysing and polymerising different silane monomers during their manufacture. The degree of cross-linking required to obtain a suitable silicone resin will vary according to the specifics of the silane monomer units incorporated during manufacture of the silicone resin. In general, any silicone having a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane monomer units, and hence possessing sufficient levels of cross- linking to dry down to a rigid or a hard film can be considered to be suitable for use as the silicone resin.
(0028] In particular, the ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms is typically indicative of the level of cross-linking in silicones. Silicone resins as such will generally have at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom. Preferably, the ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms is at least 1.2. Some examples of the kinds of silanes that can be used in the manufacture of suitable silicone resins are chlorosilanes containing the various monomethyl, dimethyl, monophenyl, diphenyl, methylphenyl, monovinyl, and methylvinyl units, as well as tetrahalosilanes.
9] Commercially available silicone resins suitable for applications herein are generally supplied in an unhardened form in low viscosity volatile or non-volatile silicone fluids. The silicone resins should be incorporated into compositions of the invention in their non- hardened forms rather than as hardened resinous structures. Especially preferred silicone resins are the so-called MQ resins wherein the M(monofunctional siloxane units):Q(tetrafunctional siloxane units) molar ratio is from 0.5:1.0 to 1.5:1.0, and wherein the average molecular weight of the silicone resin is from 1,000 to 10,000.
0] Yet another silicone material which may be used in the compositions according to the invention are organopolysiloxane elastomers. Such elastomers are generally reaction products obtained by combining an organopolysiloxane having an unsaturated group bound to a terminal silicon atom and an organohydrogensiloxane, and then subjecting it to at least a partial cure, which may be achieved by raising temperature, using catalysts or other well known methods. One example of a suitable elastomer is a composition known in the cosmetic industry under the INCI name of DimethiconeNinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer or Dimethicone Crosspolymer. Emulsions and suspension of these polysiloxane elastomers can also be used as components of the compositions according to the present invention.
Polysiloxane elastomers may also be employed in the form of powders, which may be coated with different organic and inorganic materials such as mica and silica.
1] Silicones may also be incorporated in the compositions according the invention as a preformed emulsion. Emulsions of any of the above referenced types of silicone materials can be used, and may be selected from mechanical emulsions or emulsion polymerised materials. If they are thus incorporated, the amount of water, amount and type of surfactants, additional ingredients etc. which are provided with the emulsion will of course need to be taken into account in the final formulation of the compositions according to the invention.
2] The composition according to the invention also has to comprise a water-in-oil emulsifying agent. This is used in the production of the SLDP as an inverting agent, which is a surfactant, or a blend of surfactants, which allows the phase inversion of the SLDP or inverse emulsion and hence the dispersion of the ionic cross-linked thickening polymer in the aqueous media when incorporated into the composition according to this invention. This inverting agent has generally a fairly high HLB value to enable the making of an oil-in-water emulsion. Preferably the average HLB value must be above 8. Among the main families of suitable water-in-oil emulsifying agents the following can be included: ethoxylated fatty alcohols, esters of fatty acids, esters of sorbitan, esters of polyethylene glycols, esters of glycerol and alkylpolyglycosides. Some silicones such as some dimethicone copolyols can also be used. The amount of such emulsifier in the final composition may vary, but typically would typically be from 0.03% to 0.8%, preferably 0.04 to 0.5%, more preferably 0.05 to 0.2% by weight.
3] In addition to the above water-in-oil emulsifying agent, it is necessary to have a silicone-based surfactant in the composition. This material may be selected from any surfactant based on silicone having a water-soluble part (hydrophilic) and a silicone soluble part (siliphilic). It is preferred that this water-in-silicone emulsifier is non-ionic. Preferably the water-in-silicone emulsifier is selected from the group comprising polyoxyalkylene- substituted silicones, silicone alkanolamides, silicone esters and silicone glycosides.
Suitable silicone-based surfactants are well known in the art, and have been described for example in US 4,122,029 (Gee et al.), US 5,387,417 (Rentsch), and US 5,811,487 (Schulz et al.) and include polydiorganosiloxane polyoxalkylene copolymers containing at least one polydiorganosiloxane segment consisting essentially of RbSiO(4b)2 siloxane units wherein b has a value of from 0 to 3, inclusive, there being an average value of approximately 2 R groups per silicon for all siloxane units in the copolymer, and R denotes a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, vinyl, phenyl, and a divalent radical bonding a polyoxyalkylene segment to the polydiorganosiloxane segment, at least 95 percent of all R being methyl; and at least one polyoxyalkylene segment having an average molecular weight of at least 1000 and consisting of from 0 to 50 mol percent polyoxypropylene units and from 50 to 100 mol percent polyoxyethylene units, at least one terminal portion of said polyoxyalkylene segment being bonded to said polydiorganosiloxane segment, any terminal portion of said polyoxyalkylene segment not bonded to said polydiorganosiloxane segment being satisfied by a terminating radical; the weight ratio of polydiorganosiloxane segments to polyoxyalkylene segments in said copolymer having a value of from 2 to 8. Alternatively the silicone-based surfactant can be a cross-linked emulsifier in which at least two organopolysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene molecules are cross-linked by a cross- linking radical; the crosslinked organopolysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene emulsifier having the formula CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 R"(CH3)2SiO (SiO) (SiO) (SiO) (SiO) Si(CH3)2R"
I I
R CH2 CR3 (CH2)3 CHR1 0- (CH2CH20)a(CH2CH(CH3)0)bR" CHR1 CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3 R"(CH3)2SiO (SiO) (SiO) (SiO) (SiO) Si(CH3)2R"
I I I
R CH3 CH3 (CH2)3 0 (CH2CH20)a(CH2CH(CH3)0)bR" wherein R is an aliphatic radical having 2 to 25 carbon atoms; R' is an organic or organosiloxane group which does not contain hydrolysable bonds; R" is a terminal group; R" is independently an aliphatic radical having I to 25 carbon atoms; R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an aliphatic radical containing 1-3 carbon atoms; x is an integer from 0 to 100; c is an integer from I to 5; z is an integer from 0 to 600; y is an integer from 1 to 10; x+y+z>40; a is an integer from 4 to 40; b is an integer from 0 to 40; a/b>1. The amount of the silicone emulsifying agent in the final composition may vary widely, but typically would be from 0. 05% to 1.5%, preferably 0.1 to 1%, more preferably 0.15 to 0.8% by weight, most preferably 0.2 to 0.6% by weight.
4] Another essential ingredient for the compositions according to this invention are cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic components. These may take a wide variety of forms and will be selected carefully in the light of the purpose for which the compositions are intended. For cosmetic and veterinary compositions, they are nonexhaustively represented by silicone or other emollients, fragrances, vitamins, whitening agents, liposomes, ceramides, botanicals, amino-acids, conditioning agents, deodorants, colorants, dyes, sunscreens, solvents, film formers, humectants, occlusive agents, agents for artificially tanning and/or browning the skin (self-tanning agents), such as, for example, dihydroxyacetone (DHA) and the like. For pharmaceutical and therapeutic agents, they are exemplified by antiacne agent, antibiotic, antiseptic, antifungal, antibacterial, antimicrobial, biocides, antiinflammatory, astringents, hormones, anticancer agents, smoking cessation compositions, cardiovascular, histamine blocker, bronchodilator, analgesic, antiarrythmic, antihistamine, alpha- I blocker, beta blocker, ACE inhibitor, diuretic, antiaggregant, sedative, tranquillizer, anticonvulsant, anticoagulant agents, vitamins, antiaging agents, agents for treating gastric and duodenal ulcers, anticellulites, proteolytic enzymes, healing factors, cell growth nutrients, peptides and others. Specific examples of suitable therapeutic active agents include penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, macrolides, epinephrine, amphetamines, aspirin, acetominophen, barbiturates, catecholamines, benzodiazepine, thiopental, codeine, morphine, procaine, lidocaine, benzocaine, suiphonamides, ticonazole, perbuterol, furosamide, prazosin, prostaglandins, salbutamol, indomethicane, diclofenac, glafenine, dipyridamole, theophylline and retinol.
(0035] In addition to the essential ingredients, other useful optional components can be included in the compositions according to the invention, such as fragrances, preservatives, vitamins, whitening agents, antioxidants, ceramides, amino-acid derivatives, liposomes, polyols, such as glycerine and propylene glycol and botanicals (plant extracts) and additional conditioning agents such as quaternary polymers or silicone materials. Other additives can include, depending on the use, glycols, vitamins A and E in their various forms, sunscreen agents, humectants, preservatives such as parabens, emollients, occlusive agents, and esters.
6] The composition according to the invention can include a sunscreen as an optional or as a main ingredient. Sunscreens include those components which absorb ultraviolet light between 290 and 320 nanometers, i.e., the UV-B region, such as para-aminobenzoic acid derivatives and cinnamates such as octyl methoxy cinnamate; and those compositions which absorb ultraviolet light in the range of 320 to 400 nanometer, i.e., the UV-A region, such as benzophenone and butyl methoxy dibenzoylmethane, and hydrophilic compositions such as benzylidine-2-camphor sulphonic acid derivatives.
7] Another potential ingredient are anti-dandruff agents. These agents include particulate antidandruff agents such as pyridinethione salts, selenium compounds such as selenium disulfide, and soluble antidandruff agents. The concentration of antidandruff agents in a shampoo composition may range from about 0.1 % to about 4% and preferably about 0.2% to about 2%, by weight of the composition.
8] The composition according to the invention can further contain an oil or oily component. The term oil as used herein refers to any materialthat is substantially insoluble in water, and which is generally compatible with any low molecular weight silicone species present in the composition. When the composition is to be used in a cosmetic or personal care product, the product components must also be cosmetically acceptable, or otherwise meet the conditions of the end use of the product.
9] Some example of suitable oil components include natural oils such as coconut oil; hydrocarbons such as mineral oil and hydrogenated polyisobutene; fatty alcohols such as octyldodecanol; esters such as C12 to C15 alkyl benzoates; diesters such as propylene dipelargonate; and triesters such as glyceryl trioctanoate. Low viscosity oils can also be used such as those oils having a viscosity of 5 tolOO mPa.s at 25 C, generally consisting of esters having a structure such as RCO-OR' wherein RCO represents a carboxylic acid radical and OR' is an alcohol residue.
0] Some examples of low viscosity oils include isotridecyl isononanoate, PEG-4 diheptanoate, isostearyl neopentanoate, tridecyl neopentanoate, cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate, cetyl stearate, cetyl myristate, cocodicaprylate/caprate, decyl isostearate, isodecyl oleate, isodecyl neopentanoate, isohexyl neopentanoate, octyl palmitate, dioctyl malate, tridecyl octanoate, myristyl myristate, octododecanol and mixtures of octyldodecanol, Caprylic/ Capric triglycerides, isododecanol, soybean oil, sunflower oil, wheat and/or cereal germ oil, sweet almond oil, jojoba oil, avocado oil, olive oil, palm oil, calophyllum, and castor oil.
1] Other additives can include pigments or various types of amorphous polypropylene, especially when the composition according to the invention is intended to be used for make- up. With regard to pigments, potential components are iron oxides and titanium dioxide which can be present in the composition in the amount of 0.1 to 30 % by weight, for example 5 to 20 or 8 to 14 % by weight. The potential high silicone level of the compositions of the present invention makes the composition a good candidate for use in a lip gloss formulation.
Other additives can include fixative resins for example as used in hair care applications.
Some nice benefits can also be provided by incorporating silicone resins, which provide improved feel and plastifying properties.
2] It may be desirable to add various preservatives such as parabens, BHT, BHA, etc. Generally, 0.01-5% preservative is suggested.
3] The compositions according to the invention are made by adding an inverse emulsion comprising an ionic (anionic and/or cationic) crosslinked polymer capable of thickening the composition, water, a water-inoil emulsifying agent and a silicone emulsifying agent and a silicone material to a cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical or therapeutic agent, water and optionally more silicone material, and agitating the mixture to enable the cross- linked polymer to mix with the water and to thicken the composition.
4] The inverse emulsion for use in the process according to the invention can be obtained by polymerisation of at least one ionic monomer and possibly other non-ionic monomers in the presence of at least one cross link agent and possibly in presence of at least one transfer agent in order to obtain a continuous phase comprising at least one silicone material, at least two surfactants, one of which at least is a silicone emulsifying agent and one of which is a water-in-oil emulsifying agent.
5] The person skilled in the art will be able to appreciate from his knowledge, the level of transfer agent and the polymerisation conditions needed to obtain a final emulsion showing an internal viscosity as required. In addition, it is also possible to concentrate the emulsion via all the known techniques for instance such as azeotropic distillation. Suitable transfer agents include isopropanol, natronium hypophosphite and mercaptoethanol. In practical terms the transfer agent can be used during the polymerisation step itself. S 14
6] The cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical and therapeutic compositions of this invention may be in the form of a cream, a gel, a paste or a freely pourable liquid.
Depending on the type of form made, the method of preparation will be different, but such methods are well known in the art.
7] The compositions according to the invention are normally made at room temperature. The SLDP, comprising the ionic cross-linked polymer, at least part of the silicone material, the water-in-oil emulsifying agent, the silicone-based emulsifying agent and some water, is mixed with more silicone material if needed and stirred until homogeneous.
Then, the mixture is added to water with agitation. This may be done by stirring the mixture (for example at 1500 rpm) and the agitation is maintained till the mixture has the consistency required.
8] The main advantage to the process of using an SLDP is that silicone materials (emollients), when used, are miscible with the silicone carrier fluid in the SLDP. This is especially important when silicone emollients have a high molecular weight or viscosity.
These silicone emollients are not miscible with other prior art LDPs because these are based on different carrier oils such as paraffinum liquidum (mineral oil). The carrier oil is the oil into which the acrylic polymer, water, and inverting surfactant are dispersed. In the SLDPs that are used in the process of the current invention, the carrier oil is a most preferably polydiorganosiloxane fluid such as a cyclomethicone or a dimethicone.
9] The compositions according to this invention can be used by the standard methods, such as applying them to the human or animal body, e.g. skin or hair, using applicators, brushes, applying by hand, pouring them and/or possibly rubbing or massaging the composition onto or into the body. Removal methods, for example for colour cosmetics are also well known standard methods, including washing, wiping, peeling and the like.
0] For use on the skin, the compositions according to the present invention may be used in a conventional manner for example for conditioning the skin. An effective amount of the composition for the purpose is applied to the skin. Such effective amounts generally range from about 1mg/cm2 to about 3 mg/cm2. Application to the skin typically includes working the composition into the skin. This method for applying to the skin comprises the steps of contacting the skin with the composition in an effective amount and then rubbing the composition into the skin. These steps can be repeated as many times as desired to achieve the desired benefit.
1] The use of the compositions according to the invention on hair may use a conventional manner for conditioning hair. An effective amount of the composition for conditioning hair is applied to the hair. Such effective amounts generally range from about Ig to about 50g, preferably from about Ig to about 20g. Application to the hair typically includes working the composition through the hair such that most or all of the hair is contacted with the composition. This method for conditioning the hair comprises the steps of applying an effective amount of the hair care composition to the hair, and then working the composition through the hair. These steps can be repeated as many times as desired to achieve the desired conditioning benefit. When a high silicone content is incorporated in a hair care composition according to the invention, this may be a useful material for split end hair products.
2] The compositions according to this invention can be used on the skin of humans or animals for example to moisturize, colour or generally improve the appearance or to apply actives, such as sunscreens, deodorants, insect repellents etc. [0053] The present invention brings the unexpected advantage that the inclusion of a silicone emulsion of an ionic cross-linked polymer (SLDP) in cosmetic, veterinary, pharmaceutical and therapeutic compositions, provides these compositions often with novel properties. For example, compositions in which such SLDPs have been incorporated impart the following characteristics when compared to similar formulations containing commercial LDPs of the prior art such as those which are dispersed in an organic carrier oil: (a) they show enhanced stability of the composition when containing high molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane, dimethicone crosspolymers or silicone gums (which are hard to disperse in an aqueous phase of a cosmetic or therapeutic composition); (b) they provide enhanced emulsifying performance of a relatively high content (up to 50 percent by weight based on the total weight of the composition) of silicone fluids such as silicone gums or even organic oils such as paraffidum liquidum (mineral oil); (c) they modify the formulation rheology; (d) they impart a quicker absorption onto the skin; (e) if they are combined with fixative resins in hair care compositions, the compositions may provide a combination of feel benefits and plastifying properties, due to the presence of the resin by the silicone; (f) they show an improvement in the texture of the composition.
[00541 Examples All viscosity measurements are at 25 C and all percentages and parts are by weight, unless otherwise indicated.
Example 1: Enhanced emulsifying properties based on silicones hard to disperse in an aqueous phase [0055] An SLDP was prepared according to French patent application 0450287 of 17 February 2004, Essai A (SLDP1). A number of cosmetic compositions were prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques. The chosen silicone was first mixed with the liquid dispersion polymer in a vessel, this mixture was then added to water under stirring at 1500 revolutions per minutes (rpm) and the mixing was kept up for 30 minutes. The compositions using Commercial LDPs are comparative examples.
Trade name INCI name SLDP1 (silicone-based dispersion) Sodium polyacrylate, Cyclopentasiloxane, Trideceth-6 Commercial LDP (oil-based dispersion) Sodium Polyacrylate, Mineral Oil, Trideceth- Dow Corning 200 Fluid 300.000 mPa.s Dimethicone Dow Corning 1501 Fluid Cyclopentasiloxane (and) Dimethiconol Dow Corning 9040 Silicone Elastomer Cyclomethicone (and) Dimethicone Blend Crosspolymer Deionised water Aqua (00561 Cosmetic compositions: %byweight A B C D SLDP1 1 1 1 2 Dow Corning 200 Fluid 300.000 mPa.s 5 - - - Dow Corning 1501 Fluid - 5 - - Dow Corning 9040 Silicone Elastomer Blend - - 5 5 Deionised water 94 94 94 93 Total 100 100 100 100 %byweight E F G H Commercial LDP (oil-based dispersion) 0.42 0.42 0.42 0. 84 0.84 Dow Corning 200 Fluid 300.000 mPa.s 5 - - 5 - Dow Corning 1501 Fluid - 5 - - - Dow Corning 9040 Silicone Elastomer Blend - 5 - 5 Deionised water 94. 58 94.58 94.58 94.16 94.16 Total 100 100 100 100 100 (0057] The commercial LDP is FlocareTM ET75 from a company SNF, which is believed to be a dispersion of sodium polyacrylate (58%) in mineral oil (carrier phase).
The SLDP and the commercial LDP have been evaluated at the same concentration of active polymer.
Results: Composition Observations (viscosity, mPa.s) A Translucent lotion with small droplets (16,600) B Translucent lotion with small uniform droplets (14,500) C Translucent lotion with small droplets (16,000) D Opaque lotion (31,100) E Low viscosity lotion with large droplets (viscosity not measured) F Translucent lotion with small uniform droplets (viscosity not measured) G Poor quality lotion with large particles (13, 700) H Lotion with smaller droplets than formulation E (viscosity not measured) Lotion with small uniform droplets (25,400) [0058] This example shows - at same concentration of acrylic polymer - improved emulsifying performances of the silicone-based LDP compared to commercial oil-based LDP, as it is effective over a much wider range of viscosities, as can be seen specifically when comparing the high molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane (Dow Corning 200 Fluid 300.000cSt). In addition, a lower amount of the silicone-based LDP is effective in achieving good emulsification results for two out of the three exemplified silicone materials, compared with the commercial oil- based LDP.
Example 2: Enhanced emulsifying properties based on incorporation of high amount of oil phase 10059] A different silicone liquid dispersion polymer, SLDP2, was used to prepare the following examples. SLPD2 is similar to SLDP1 except that the silicone carrier oil was low viscosity Dimethicone instead of Cyclopentasiloxane. Cosmetic compositions were prepared by combining the following components utilizing the same procedure as Example 1. Again, compositions using commercial LDPs are comparative examples.
[00601 Ingredients: SLDP2 (silicone-based dispersion) Sodium Polyacrylate, Dimethicone, Trideceth-6 Commercial LDPI (oil-based dispersion) Sodium Acrylates Copolymer, Mineral Oil, PPG-1 Trideceth-6 Commercial LDP2 (oilbased dispersion) Polyacrylate- 13, Polyisobutene, Polysorbate-20 Commercial LDP3 (oil-based dispersion) Ammonium Acrylate/Acrylamide Copolymer, Polyisobutene, Polysorbate-20 Commercial LDP4 (oil-based dispersion) Polyacrylamide, Cl 3-14 isoparaffin, Laureth-7 Commercial LDP5 (oil-based dispersion) Sodum Polyacrylate, Mineral Oil, Trideceth-6 Dow Corning 1501 Fluid Cyclopentasiloxane (and) Dimethiconol Mineral Oil Paraffidum Liquidum Deionised water Aqua [00611 Cosmetic compositions: %byweight A B C D E F SLDP2 (silicone-based dispersion) 3 3 - - - Commercial LDPI (oil-based dispersion) - - 1.56 1.56 - - Commercial LDP2 (oil-based dispersion) 1.3 1.3 Dow Corning 1501 Fluid 50 - 50 - 50 Light Mineral Oil - 50 - 50 - 50 Deionised water 47 47 48.44 48.44 48.7 48.7 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 %byweight G H I J K L Commercial LDP3 (oil-based dispersion) 1.3 1.3 - - - - Commercial LDP4 (oil-based dispersion) - - 1.66 1.66 - - Commercial LDP5 (oil-based dispersion) - - - 1.26 1.26 Dow Corning 1501 Fluid 50 - 50 - 50 - Light Mineral Oil - 50 - 50 Deionised water 48.7 48.7 48.34 48.34 48. 74 48.74 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 [0062] The following commercial LDPs were used to prepare these examples: TinovisTM ADM supplied by Ciba Geigy (LDPI) that contains 50% thickening polymer, SepiplusTM 400 supplied by SEPPIC (LDP2) that contains 60% thickening polymer, SepiplusTM 265 supplied by SEPPIC (LDP3) that contains 60% thickening polymer, SepigelTM 305, supplied by SEPPIC (LDP4) that contains 47% thickening polymer, and FlocarelM ET 75 supplied by SNF (LDP5) that contains 58% thickening polymer.
The concentration of all of the commercial LDPs were adjusted to give the same concentration of thickening polymer.
Results: Composition Observations A Stable translucent lotion B, E, G, I Stable thick white lotion C, D, F, H, J, K, L Formulation separated [0063] This example shows - at same concentration of acrylic-based polymer - an outstanding emulsifying performance for both silicone and mineral oil by the SLDP1 compared to the commercial oil-based LDPs, which did not succeed in emulsifying both silicone and mineral oil effectively, especially when high amount of organic or silicone oil (50%) is used in the formulation.
Examrle 3: Sensory evaluation [0064] SLDP1 was used to prepare the following examples: Using the procedure of dispersing the liquid dispersion polymer into water and then incorporating isopropyl myristate under stirring (1110rpm), the following compositions were prepared. Compositions using commercial LDP (same one as used in Example 1) are comparative examples.
[00651 Ingredients: Trade name INCI name SLDPI (silicone-based dispersion) Sodium polyacrylate, Cyclopentasiloxane, Trideceth-6 Commercial LDP (oilbased dispersion) Sodium Polyacrylate, Mineral Oil, Trideceth-6 Ispropyl Myristate Isopropyl Myrystate Deionised water Aqua [00661 Compositions: Formulation la: Formulation ib: Formulation 2a: Formulation 2b: ref. 240/504 ref. 24 1/504 ref. 242/504 ref. 243/504 Deionised 91,67% 88.33% 93,59% 92,19% SLDP1 3,33% * 6,67% * - - LDP - - 1,41%* 2,81%* 5% 5% 5% 5% 100671 Sensory test: Triangular test Procedure: 3 sites used on the arm; 2 sites with a same treatment (Formulation I for example) and one with a different treatment (Formulation 2).
Aim: the panelist must pick up the different one, by sensory evaluation.
If 7 panelists out of 12 are not able to find the difference, there is no significant difference between the 2 products. If 11 panelists out of 18 are able to identify a difference, there is a significant difference between the two products at 95%. If more than 11 panelists find the difference between the two products, there is a significant difference at 99 %.
[00681 Results: Formulation Ia (1% Si content) versus Formulation 2a As 10 panelists out of 12 were not able to find the difference, no significant difference shown between the 2 products.
Formulation lb (2% Si content) versus Formulation 2b 12 panelists out of 18 were able to perceive the difference. We can conclude to a significant difference between the 2 products at 99% of confidential level.
Based on this evaluation, the main criteria highlighted by the panelists to express the difference was that absorption onto the skin happens faster with the formulation lb (SDLP1) compared to the formulation 2b (LDP).
Example 4: Silicone-in-Water Skin Cream [0069] Skin cream compositions were prepared using SDLP2 by mixing phase A together, adding phase A to phase B under stirring at high speed, passing the mixture through a Silverson mixer for 1 minute for each lOOg, followed by adding phase C under stirring at high speed (1500rpm).
Ingredient wt% wt% Trade Name I Supplier Phase A Cyclopentasiloxane 21.0 21.0 Dow Corning 245 Fluid PEG-12 Dimethicone 4.0 4.0 Dow Corning 5329 Performance Modifier Lauryl PEG/PPG-18/18 Methicone 0.5 0.5 Dow Corning 5200 Formulation Aid Phase B Deionised Water 71.5 69.08 Phase C Polyacrylamide and C13-14 Isoparaffin 3.0 Sepigel'TM 305 / SEPPIC and Laureth-7 Sodium Polyacrylate and 5.42 SLDPI Cyclopentasiloxane and Trideceth-6 The cream based on the SLDP1 had a more uniform appearance on the surface compared to the cream based on SepigelTM 305.
Example 5: Oil-in-Water Skin Cream [0070] Skin cream compositions were prepared by mixing phase A ingredients and phase B ingredients together separately, then adding phase B to phase A while stirring at high speed and continuing the mixing till uniform.
Ingredient Trade Name I Supplier Phase A Cyclopentasiloxane and Dimethicone 5.0 5.0 Dow Corning 9040 Crosspolymer Silicone Elastomer Blend Dimethicone 2.0 2.0 Dow Corning 200 Fluid / mPa.s Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride 2.0 2.0 MyritolTM 318 / Cognis Corporation Polyacrylamide and Cl 3-14 Isoparaffin 3.0 SepigelTM 305 I SEPPIC and Laureth-7 Sodium Polyacrylate and 5.42 SLDPI Cyclopentasiloxane and Trideceth-6 Phase B Deionised Water 84.5 82.08 Glycerin 3.0 3.0 Propylene Glycol (and) Diazolidinyl Urea 0.5 0.5 Liquid GermaII' Plus / (and) lodopropynyl Butylcarbamate International Specialty Products Example 6: A sunscreen composition [0071] This was prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques.
Ingredient (INCI name) Wt. % Trade Name/Supplier
PHASE A
1. Cyclopentasiloxane (and) Dimethicone 7.0 Dow Corning 9045 Silicone Crosspolymer Elastomer Blend / Dow Corning 2. Octyl Methoxycinnamate 7.0 JeescreenTM OMCI Jeen International Corporation 3. Benzophenone-3 3.0 JeescreenTM Benzophenone 3 / Jeen International Corporation 4. Sodium Polyacrylate and Dimethicone 3.0 SLDP2 and Trideceth-6
PHASE B
5. Squalane 4.0 PripureTM 3759 / Uniqema 6. Deionized Water 75.6 7. DMDM Hydantoin 0.2 GlydantTM I Lonza 8. Fragrance 0.2 [0072] PREPARATION: Combine ingredients 5, 6, and 7 in a beaker or other suitable mixing vessel that is large enough to hold the entire batch. Mix with sufficient agitation to keep ingredient 5 suspended in the water. In a separate vessel, combine ingredientsl-4 in the order listed. Mix after each ingredient is added and make certain that each ingredient is dispersed completely before adding the next. Add Phase A (ingredients 1-4) to Phase B (ingredients 5-7) while mixing with sufficient agitation to rapidly disperse Phase A into Phase B. The mixer speed should be increased as the viscosity of the formulation increases to ensure proper mixing. After all of Phase A has been added, add ingredient 8 and mix for 10- 15 minutes, scraping the sides of the mixing vessel occasionally, if necessary.
Example 7: A skin lightening lotion [0073] This composition was prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques.
Ingredient (INCI name) Wt. % Trade Name/Supplier
PHASE A
1. Dimethicone 3.0 Dow Corning 200 Fluid I 300,000 cSt 2. Octyl Methoxycinnamate 4.0 JeescreenTM OMC/Jeen International Corporation 3. Tocopheryl Acetate 1.0 D-Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate I DSM Nutritional Products 4. Sodium Polyacrylate and Dimethicone 3.0 SLDP2 and Trideceth-6
PHASE B
5. Water and Glycerin and Malva 5.0 GigawhiteTM / Centerchem Sylvestris (Mallow) Extract and Mentha Inc. Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract and Primula Veris Extract and Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract and Veronica Officinalis Extract and Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract and Achillea Millefolium Extract 6. Panthenol 0.8 D-Panthenol USP / BASF Corporation 7. Deionized Water 83.0 8. DMDM Hydantoin 0.2 GlydantTM / Lonza (0074] PREPARATION: Combine the Phase A ingredients (1-4) and mix until uniform.
Load Phase B (ingredients 5-8) into a mixing vessel large enough to contain the entire batch and mix until homogeneous. Slowly add Phase A while mixing with sufficient intensity to rapidly incorporate Phase A as it is added. The mixture will thicken, so the mixer speed must be increased as Phase A is added to maintain good mixing. After all of Phase A has been added, mix for another 5-10 minutes.
Example 8: A hair styling gel (0075] This composition was prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques.
Ingredient (INCI name) Wt. % Trade Name/Supplier
PHASE A
1. Deionized Water 86.6 2. Xanthan Gum 0.2 Keltrol L I CP Kelco 3. Polyquaternium-lO 0.1 UcareTM Polymer JR-30M I Amerchol Corporation
PHASE B
4. Cyclopentasiloxane (and) Dimethicone 4.0 Dow Corning 9040 Silicone Crosspolymer Elastomer Blend I Dow Corning 5. Cyclopentasiloxane 3.0 Dow Corning 245 Fluid 6. Cyclopentasiloxane (and) Dimethiconol 2.5 Dow Corning 1501 Fluid 7. Sodium Polyacrylate and Dimethicone 2.5 SLDP2 and Trideceth-6
PHASE C
8. Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein PG-Propyl 0.5 CrodasoneTM W I Croda Inc. Silanetriol 9. Hydrolyzed Silk 0.2 CrosilklM 10,000 / Croda Inc. 10. DMDM Hydantoin 0.1 GlydantTM/ Lonza [0076] PREPARATION: Heat ingredient 1 to about 40 C in a mixing vessel that is large enough to hold the entire batch. Slowly add ingredient 2 with mixing to avoid clumping. Mix at moderate speed until ingredient 2 is dissolved. Mixing should be sufficiently vigorous to rapidly incorporate ingredient I into the water, but not so vigorous as to create foam. Next, add ingredient 3 and continue mixing until it is dissolved. Continue mixing Phase A while allowing it to cool. In a separate vessel, combine the ingredients for Phase B (ingredients 4- 7) and mix until homogenous. Add Phase B to Phase A while mixing with sufficient agitation to rapidly disperse Phase A into Phase B. The mixer speed should be increased as the viscosity of the formulation increases to ensure proper mixing. After all of Phase A has been added, add ingredients 8, 9, and 10 then mix for 10-15 minutes, scraping the sides of the mixing vessel occasionally, if necessary.
Example 9: A skin crème (0077] This composition was prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques.
Ingredient (INCI name) Wt. % Trade Name/Supplier Phase A 1. Sodium Polyacrylate and 4.0 SLDP2 Dimethicone and Trideceth-6 2. Cyclomethicone (and) Dimethicone 5.0 Dow Corning 9040 Silicone Crosspolymer Elastomer Blend 3. Emu oil 5.0 Emu Oil / CedarVale 4. Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) 3.0 Herbal Extract Rosemary EG / Extract Jarvis Botanical Extracts 5. Fragrance 0.2 Phase B 6. Deionized Water 77.6 7. Glycerin 5.0 Glycerin / Fisher Chemical Company 8. . DMDM Hydantoin 0.2 GlydantTM/Lonza [0078] PREPARATION: Combine the ingredients for Phase B (ingredients 6-8) in a mixing vessel that is large enough to hold the entire batch. Mix until homogeneous. In a separate vessel, combine the ingredients for Phase A (ingredients 1-5) and mix until homogenous.
Add Phase B to Phase A while mixing with sufficient agitation to rapidly disperse Phase A into Phase B. The mixer speed should be increased as the viscosity of the formulation increases to ensure proper mixing. After all of Phase A has been added mix for and additional 10-15 minutes, scraping the sides of the mixing vessel occasionally, if necessary.
Example 10: A hair conditioner [0079] This composition was prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques. This formulation illustrates how the SLDP1 can be used without pre-blending it with the silicone oil that requires emulsification.
Ingredient (INCI name) Wt. % Trade Name/Supplier Part A 1. Deionized Water 81.7 2. Sodium Polyacrylate and 3.0 SLDP2 Dimethicone and Trideceth-6 3. Cetyl Dimethicone 5.0 Dow Corning 2502 Cosmetic Fluid 4. Fragrance 0.2 Part B 5. Deionized Water 10.0 6. Polyquaternium-lO 0.1 UcareTM Polymer JR-400 / Amerchol Corporation (0080] PREPARATION: Using a vessel large enough to contain the entire batch, combine the ingredients for Part A in the order. Mix thoroughly after each ingredient addition and note that the mixture will thicken considerable when ingredient 2 is added. In a separate vessel heat ingredient 5 to about 50 C and add ingredient 5 with slow mixing. Mix until ingredient 6 is completely dissolved and then cool to room temp. Mix Part A and Part B until homogeneous.
Examile 11: A hand sanitizer gel composition (0081] This composition was prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques.
Ingredient (INCI name) Wt. % Trade Name/Supplier Phase A 1. Sodium Polyacrylate and 5.0 SLDP2 Dimethicone and Trideceth-6 2. Dimethicone 3.0 Dow Corning 200 Fluid I 300,000 cSt Phase B 3. Deionized Water 57.0 Phase C 4. Isopropyl Alcohol 30.0 5. Glycerin 5.0 (0082] PREPARATION: Combine the Phase A ingredients and mix until uniform. Load Phase B (ingredient 3) into a mixing vessel large enough to contain the entire batch and slowly add Phase A while mixing with sufficient intensity to rapidly incorporate Phase A as it is added. The mixture will thicken, so the mixer speed must be increased as Phase A is added to maintain good mixing. After all of Phase A has been added, mix for another 5 minutes to ensure that the emulsion is homogeneous. The Phase C ingredients can be mixed together or added separately, but ingredient 4 must be added slowly with good mixing. After all of Phase C has been added, mix for an additional 5-10 minutes.
Example 12: A polish composition (0083] This composition for use on vinyl or other soft surfaces was prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques.
V
Ingredient wt. % Trade Name/Supplier Phase A 1. Sodium Polyacrvlate and 5.0 SLDP2 Dimethicone and Trideceth-6 2. Silicone oil 2.0 Dow Corning 200 Fluid - 300,000 cSt / Dow Corning 3. Silicone gum blend with volatile 10.0 Dow Corning 1501 Fluid / Dow silicone Corning Phase B 4. Deionized Water 82.8 Phase C 5. Fragrance 0.2 [0084] PREPARATION: Combine the Phase A ingredients and mix until uniform. Load Phase B (ingredient 4) into a mixing vessel large enough to contain the entire batch and slowly add Phase A while mixing with sufficient intensity to rapidly incorporate Phase A as it is added. The mixture will thicken, so the mixer speed must be increased as Phase A is added to maintain good mixing. After all of Phase A has been added, mix in ingredient 5 and mix for another 5-10 minutes.