GjäCT ΓβΊ «-nKUULUTUSJULKAISUGjäCT ΓβΊ «ADVERTISEMENT PUBLICATION
jKTa lbj (11) utläggningsskrift ooZbo (4s> ‘ (51) Kv.ik.3/intci.3 A 41 B 13/02 // A 61 P 13/18 SUOMI —FINLAND (21) Ptuntllhritemu· —Λ«#ΛβηΛΙ»ηΙη| 3350/7*+ (22) Hak*mltpUvl —Ameicnlngidtg 20.11.7*+ (23) AlkupUvt—Glltl(h«tsdt| 20.11.71+ (41) Tullut |ulklMlui — Bltvft offmcllg 22.05*75jKTa lbj (11) utläggningsskrift ooZbo (4s> '(51) Kv.ik.3 / intci.3 A 41 B 13/02 // A 61 P 13/18 FINLAND —FINLAND (21) Ptuntllhritemu · —Λ «# ΛβηΛΙ »ΗΙη | 3350/7 * + (22) Hak * mltpUvl —Ameicnlngidtg 20.11.7 * + (23) AlkupUvt — Glltl (h« tsdt | 20.11.71+ (41) Tullut | ulklMlui - Bltvft offmcllg 22.05 * 75
Patentti· ja rekisterihallitut .... .........., . .. ... __ ' (44) Nlhtivilulpanon Jt kuuL|utkalam pvm. —Patents · and registrars .... ..........,. .. ... __ '(44) Date of arrival of the other person. -
Patent- och registerstyrelaen Ansakin utitgd och uti.$krHt*n publkertd 30.09.80 — (32)(33)(31) pyydetty •tuolknn —Bsjlrd prlorltet 21.11.73 US A (US) 1+1811+7 ^ (71) The Procter & Gamble Company, 301 East Sixth Street, Cincinnati,Patent- och registerstyrelaen Ansakin utitgd och uti. $ KrHt * n publkertd 30.09.80 - (32) (33) (31) requested • tuolknn —Bsjlrd prlorltet 21.11.73 US A (US) 1 + 1811 + 7 ^ (71) The Procter & Gamble Company, 301 East Sixth Street, Cincinnati,
Ohio 1+5202, USA(US) (72) Kenneth Barclay Buell, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA(US) (7*0 Oy Kolster Ab (5I+) Kertäkäyttövaippa - EngängsblöjaOhio 1 + 5202, USA (US) (72) Kenneth Barclay Buell, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA (US) (7 * 0 Oy Kolster Ab (5I +) Disposable Diaper - Engängsblöja
Keksintö koskee yleisesti mukana kuljetettavia välineitä, jotka on tarkoitettu ottamaan vastaan tai jotka pyrkivät ottamaan vastaan kehon eritteitä, ja erityisesti se koskee kertakäyttöisiä vauvanvaippoja, virtsanpidätys-kyvyttömyystapauksissa käytettäviä vaippoja yms., jotka on tarkoitettu pidet-^ täväksi vartalon alaosan ympärillä,ja joissa on kokoonvetäytyvä osa, joka mukautuu kehon muotoon ja sallii kehon liikkua pysyen tällöin koko ajan sen kosketuksessa.The invention relates generally to portable devices intended to receive or tend to receive bodily secretions, and more particularly to disposable diapers, diapers for use in urinary incontinence, etc., which are intended to be held around the lower part of the body and have a collapsible a part that adapts to the shape of the body and allows the body to move while remaining in contact with it at all times.
— Imukykyiset välineet, kuten kertakäyttövaipat ovat hyvin tunnettuja. Nii tä käytetään imemään ihmiskehosta tulevaa nestettä ja pidättämään tämän nesteen. Nykyiset kertakäyttövaipat ovat yleensä eri ainaisista arkeista koottuja litteitä kappaleita, jotka asetetaan vauvan ympärille litteässä tilassa tai jotka on geometrisesti laskostettu vauvalle sopivaan muotoon. Näiden kaikkien vaippojen suurena käytännön ongelmana on, että vaipan ja vauvan jalan väliin tahtoo syntyä aukkoja tai rakoja imukykyisen kappaleen puoli-jäykän luonteen vuoksi, etenkin jonkin aikaa kestäneen vaipan käytön jälkeen. Vaippa alkaa vuotaa näistä raoista, jolloin vauvan yllä olevat vaatteet ja hänen ympärillään olevat vuodevaatteet kostuvat tai kastuvat.- Absorbent devices such as disposable diapers are well known. They are used to absorb and retain fluid from the human body. Current disposable diapers are usually flat pieces assembled from different perpetual sheets that are placed around the baby in a flat space or that are geometrically pleated into a shape suitable for the baby. A major practical problem with all of these diapers is that openings or crevices are desired to form between the diaper and the baby's foot due to the semi-rigid nature of the absorbent article, especially after some time of use of the diaper. The diaper begins to leak from these cracks, causing the clothes above the baby and the bedding around him to get wet or wet.
Kertakäyttövaippoihin liittyy muovihousuissa pidettäviin kangasvaippoi-hin verrattuna tavallisesti yksineulakiinnitykset vyötäisten kohdalta. Yksi- 2 58255 nauhakiinnity s kummallakin sivulla tai yksineulakiinnitys tahtovat panna äidin valitsemaan joko jalka-aukkovuodon tai vyörätövuodon. Äidit voivat kiinnittää neulalla tai nauhalla kertakäyttövaipan "alhaalta", niin että sen reuna kietoutuu tiukasti reiden ympärille ja siten minimoi jalkavuodon, mutta vain vaipan etuosan vaarantamisen kustannuksella sen avautuessa tai pullistuessa pussiksi ulospäin. Kun lapsen odotetaan nukahtavan , äiti voi estää tämän pussimaiseksi pullistumisen kiinnittämällä vaippa nauhalla tai neulalla "ylhäältä" uuman kohdalta, mikä ei esteettisesti ole kovinkaan hyväksyttävä, mutta minimoi uumavuodon, vaikkakin lisääntyneen jalavuodon kustannuksella.Disposable diapers usually have single needle fastenings at the waist compared to fabric diapers worn in plastic pants. One-to-58255 strap fasteners on each side or single-needle fasteners want to make the mother choose either a foot-hole leak or a wheel arch leak. Mothers can fasten the disposable diaper "from below" with a needle or tape so that its edge is tightly wrapped around the thigh, thus minimizing foot leakage, but only at the expense of compromising the front of the diaper as it opens or bulges outward into the bag. When the baby is expected to fall asleep, the mother can prevent this bulge-like bulge by attaching the diaper with a tape or needle "from above" at the web, which is not aesthetically very acceptable but minimizes web leakage, albeit at the expense of increased leg leakage.
Yllä mainitut epäkohdat on voitettu muovihousuissa pidettävillä kangas-vaipoilla, koska muovihousujen lahkeet ja utuna on tavallisesti tehty joustaviksi ja joko niissä on yleensä useita painonappeja (neppareita) molemmilla sivuilla (uumassa, lahkeessa ja välikohdassa) tai ne ovat "jalkaanvedettä-vät" housut, joissa ei tarvita lainkaan nappeja. Eräs kertakäyttövaippoJen suunnittelijoiden eteen tuleva ongelma on kehittää vaippa, jossa yksi suljin kummallakin sivulla voi onnistuneesti sulkea vaipan niin reiden kuin uumankin kohdalta käyttämättä liialti kallista nauhaa tai monia neuloja tai nauhoja.The above drawbacks have been overcome by cloth diapers worn in plastic pants because the legs and haze of plastic pants are usually made flexible and either usually have several press studs (snaps) on each side (web, leg and spacer) or are "foot-pull" pants with no buttons are needed at all. One problem facing disposable diaper designers is to develop a diaper in which one closure on each side can successfully close the diaper at both the thighs and the web without the use of overly expensive tape or many needles or tapes.
Jos kertakäyttövaippoja voitaisiin valmistaa mukautuvista kudotuista materiaaleista, tämä ei olisi vakava pulma. Siitä tulee kuitenkin vakava pulma, kun havaitaan, että paperipohjaiset vaipat ovat huomattavasti vähemmän mukautuvia kuin (tekstiili) kangasvaipat eivätkä sen vuoksi veny ja mukaudu helposti kehon liikkeisiin* Katkaisua tähän pulmaan, johon liittyy imutyynyn tai -kappaleen käyttö kertakäyttömuovihousujen yhtenäisenä osana ei löydy aiemmin tunnetuista itsenäisesti käytettävistä kiinnittämättömistä, monikertakäyttöön tarkoitetuista muovihousuista.If disposable diapers could be made from adaptive woven materials, this would not be a serious dilemma. However, it becomes a serious dilemma when it is found that paper-based diapers are much less adaptable than (textile) diapers and therefore do not stretch and adapt easily to body movements. * A cut to this dilemma involving the use of a suction pad or piece as an integral part of disposable plastic pants cannot be found independently. non-attached, reusable plastic trousers for use.
Tunnettu tekniikka opettaa jalka-aukkojen joustavaksi tekemistä sellaisissa vaipanpäällisissä tai -pitimissä kuin on esitetty US-patenteissa 5 000 381, 2 969 065, 2 675 Θ05, 2 509 674 ja 2 468 445· Koko tämä tunnettu tekniikka koskee ja esittää joustavia jalka-aukkoja välineisiin tai rakenteisiin, jotka eivät muodoeta yhtenäisen kertakäyttövaipan osaa, mutta ei paljasta joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän sivukaistaleen pulmia ja etuja yhtenäisessä kertakäyttövaipassa. Tämä aiemmin tunnettu tekniikka (mainitut patentit) koskee ja käsittelee erilaisia muovihousuja, jotka pannaan jo vauvan ympärille asetetun vaipan päälle, tai erillistä pidintä irrotettaville imukappaleille, jotka pidin pitää paikallaan.The prior art teaches the flexibility of foot openings in sheath covers or holders such as those disclosed in U.S. Patents 5,000,381, 2,969,065, 2,675Θ05, 2,509,674 and 2,468,445. · All of this prior art relates to and discloses flexible foot openings. devices or structures that do not form part of a unitary disposable diaper but do not expose the problems and advantages of a resiliently collapsible sideband in a unitary disposable diaper. This prior art (said patents) relates to and deals with various plastic pants which are already placed on a diaper already placed around the baby, or a separate holder for removable suction pieces which the holder holds in place.
Niinpä tunnetussa tekniikassa esitetään pikemminkin erillisiä laitteita, jotka vaativat asetustoimenpiteen käyttäjältä, kuin yhtenäinen imukykyinen väline, jossa on joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot, eikä siinä opeteta, miten voitetaan probleemat, jotka liittyvät joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvien sivukaistaleiden yhdistämiseen puolijäykkään imukappaleeseen.Thus, the prior art discloses separate devices that require a setting action from the user rather than a unitary absorbent device with resiliently collapsible leg openings and does not teach how to overcome the problems associated with connecting resiliently collapsible side strips to a semi-rigid suction piece.
5S2555S255
Esillä olevan keksinnön yhtenä tavoitteena on saada aikaan yhtenäinen ker-takäyttövaippa, jossa on joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot.It is an object of the present invention to provide a unitary disposable diaper with resiliently retractable leg openings.
Keksinnön toisena tavoitteena on saada aikaan kertakäyttövaippa, jossa on yhtenäiset, joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot ja jossa on tarvittavan leveä ja taipuisa sivukaistale jatkuvan luistamat toman kosketuksen antamiseksi käyttäjän kehoon ja siten parannetun nesteen vetävyyden aikaansaamiseksi.Another object of the invention is to provide a disposable diaper having uniform, resiliently retractable leg openings and having a sufficiently wide and flexible side strip to provide continuous non-slip contact with the wearer's body and thus provide improved fluid traction.
Keksinnön yhtenä tavoitteena on saada aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, jossa on verrattoman joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvä sivukaistale.It is an object of the invention to provide a unitary disposable diaper with an incomparably resiliently collapsible side strip.
Keksinnön lisätavoitteena on saada aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, jossa joustoelimen päät peittävät imukykyistä kappaletta.It is a further object of the invention to provide a unitary disposable diaper in which the ends of the resilient member cover the absorbent body.
Keksinnön eräänä tavoitteena on saada aikaan yhtäläinen kertakäyttövaippa, jossa on joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot ja jossa imukappaleen poimuttu-mista haara-alueella on ehkäisty.It is an object of the invention to provide a uniform disposable diaper with resiliently retractable leg openings and in which the creasing of the suction piece in the crotch region is prevented.
Keksinnön vielä yhtenä tavoitteeia on saada aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, jossa on joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät jalka-aukot ja jossa joustoelin on sijoitettu sivulle imukappaleen haarovälialueen reunan ja takaosan reunan väliin.Yet another object of the invention is to provide a unitary disposable diaper having resiliently retractable leg openings and wherein the resilient member is positioned laterally between the edge of the crotch region of the suction member and the edge of the back.
Esillä olevan keksinnön mukaan saadaan aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, jonka etu- ja takareuna ovat olennaisesti samansuuntaiset ja jossa on poikittainen viiteviiva, joka on olennaisesti etu- ja takareunan suuntainen ja sijaitsee niiden välissä, etuosa, joka ulottuu etureunasta poikittaiseen viiteviivaan, takaosa, joka ulottuu takareunasta poikittaiseen viiteviivaan ja haara-alue, jonka likimain keskelle poikittainen viiteviiva sijoittuu; jolloin vaippa käsittää takakappaleen, takakappaleen päälle asetetun imukykyisen puolijäykän runkokappaleen, jonka Taher-jäykkyys on ainakin 7 gcm ja joka pidetään olennaisesti paikallaan suhteessa taka-kappaleeseen, sekä sivukaistaleen, joka ulottuu kustakin imukykyisen kappaleen sivu-reunasta ulospäin ja sitä pitkin, ja jolle on tunnusomaista, että kukin sivukaistale on taipuisa ja että siihen on kiinnitetty joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvässä tilassa joustoelin, jotta sivukaistaleeseen saadaan aikaan sen läpi kulkeva joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvä viiva, jota myöten joustoelin pyrkii vetämään kokoon ja kokoamaan sivukaistalettä, jolloin joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän viivan suurin etäisyys puoli-jäykän imukykyisen kappaleen sivureunasta on vähintään 19 mm vaipan haara-alueella, jolloin sivukaistaleet ovat käytössä mukautuvat ja muodostavat tehokkaan tiivistyksen käyttäjän kummankin jalan ympärille.According to the present invention, there is provided a unitary disposable diaper having a front and rear edge substantially parallel and having a transverse reference line substantially parallel to and located between the front and rear edges, a front portion extending from the front edge to the transverse reference line, a rear portion extending transversely from the rear edge the reference line and the branch area approximately in the middle of which the transverse reference line is located; wherein the sheath comprises a backsheet, an absorbent semi-rigid body superimposed on the backsheet, having a Taher stiffness of at least 7 gcm and held substantially in place relative to the backsheet, and a side strip extending outwardly and along each side edge of the absorbent body, and characterized by that each side strip is flexible and that a resilient member is attached to it in a resiliently collapsible condition to provide a resiliently collapsible line passing therethrough through which the resilient member tends to collapse and assemble the side strip, the maximum distance of the resiliently collapsible line at least 19 mm in the crotch region of the sheath, with the side strips in use adaptive and forming an effective seal around each wearer's foot.
Vaikkakin selitys päättyy patenttivaatimuksiin, jotka selvästi määrittävät keksinnön kohteen, arvellaan, että keksintö ymmärretään paremmin seuraavasta selosteesta ja oheisista piirustuksista, joissa eräiden aineiden paksuutta on selvyyden vuoksi liioiteltu ja joissa kuvio 1 on päällikuva keksinnön mukaisesta kertakäyttövaipasta aukilevitet-tynä ja osittain leikattuna; kuvio 2 on poikkileikkauskuva kuvion 1 vaipasta linjaa 2-2 pitkin; kuvio 3 on pituusieikkauskuva kuvion 1 vaipasta linjaa 3-3 pitkin; 11 58255 kuvio U on perspektiivikuva kuvion 1 vaipasta vauvan ympärille asetetussa muodossaan^ kuvio 5 on osittain leikattu päällikuva keksinnön mukaisen vaipan toisesta suor itu smuodo st a j kuvio T on poikkileikkauskuva kuvion 5 vaipasta laskostettuna "Z”-muotoon ja kuviot 8 ja 9 ovat imukappaleitten vaihtoehtoisia suoritusmuotoja.Although the description ends with claims which clearly define the subject matter of the invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which the thickness of some materials is exaggerated for clarity and Figure 1 is an exploded and partially cut view of a disposable diaper according to the invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sheath of Figure 1 taken along line 2-2; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the sheath of Fig. 1 taken along line 3-3; 11 58255 Fig. U is a perspective view of the diaper of Fig. 1 in its infant shape; Fig. 5 is a partially sectioned plan view of another embodiment of the diaper of the invention; Fig. T is a cross-sectional view of the diaper of Fig. 5 pleated in a "Z" shape and Figs. embodiments.
Kuvioissa 1,2,3 ja b esitetään yhtenäisen kertakäyttövaipan edullinen suoritusmuoto, jossa on puolijäykkä imukykyinen kappale ja tämän keksinnön mukaiset joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvät, taipuisat sivuosat (nimitetään tästedes sivukaistaleik-si). Yhtenäisessä kertakäyttÖvaipassa 21, joka ei vaadi erillisiä osia, kuten eril-lista pidintä ja sisäosaa, on takakappale 22, päällikappale 23, paksumpi imukappale 2k ja sivukaistale 25 vaipan kummallakin sivulla. Joustavan, kokoonvetäytyvän viivan tai linjan saamiseksi sivukaistaleisiin 25 on näihin kumpaankin yhdistetty jousto-elin 26, joka muodostaa joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän osan kumpaankin sivukaistalee-seen. Kiinnitysnauha 27 on esitetty yhdeksi mahdolliseksi elimeksi kertakäyttövaipan kiinnittämiseksi vauvan ympärille.Figures 1,2,3 and b show a preferred embodiment of a unitary disposable diaper having a semi-rigid absorbent body and resiliently collapsible, flexible side portions (hereinafter referred to as side strips) according to the present invention. The unitary disposable diaper 21, which does not require separate parts such as a separate holder and inner part, has a back piece 22, a top piece 23, a thicker suction piece 2k and a side strip 25 on each side of the jacket. To provide a resilient, collapsible line or line in the side strips 25, a resilient member 26 is connected to each of these, forming a resiliently collapsible portion in each side strip. The fastening strap 27 is shown as one possible means for fastening the disposable diaper around the baby.
Kummankin sivukaistaleen 25 joustava osa olisi asetettava riittävän etäälle puolijäykästä imukappaleesta 2b, jotta sivukaistaieen läpi menevä joustavasti ko-koonvetäytyvä viiva tai linja pysyisi hyvässä tiukkuudessa jalan ympärille käytössä normaalisti esiintyvien jalan/vaipan liikkeitten aikana. Taipuisan sivukaistaieen edullisen minimileveyden (leveys on siis poikittainen etäisyys joustavasti kokoon-vetäytyvästä viivasta puolijäykän imukappaleen lähimpään reunaan) pitää mitallises-ti vastata joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän linjan tai viivan suurimman odotetun pit-kittäissiirtymän puoliskoa siinä kohdassa, jossa tätä tapahtuu normaalissa käytössä.The resilient portion of each sideband 25 should be placed sufficiently distant from the semi-rigid suction member 2b to maintain a resiliently collapsible line or line through the sideband in good tightness around the foot during normal foot / sheath movements in use. The preferred minimum width of the flexible sideband (i.e., the width is the transverse distance from the resiliently retractable line to the nearest edge of the semi-rigid suction piece) should be medically equivalent to half of the maximum expected longitudinal displacement of the resiliently retractable line or line at normal use.
Koska suurimmat siirtymät käytössä tapahtuvat normaalisti haarovälialueella, olisi edullista, että sivukaistale olisi leveimmillään tällä alueella. Lisäksi koska jal- — kojen suhteelliset liikkeet yläosassa lantion alueella ovat huomattavasti vähäisemmät, sivukai stal eet voivat olla kapeammat tällä alueella vähentämättä niiden mukautuvuus- ja vetävyysominaisuuksia. _Since the largest displacements in use normally occur in the crotch region, it would be advantageous for the sideband to be widest in this region. In addition, because the relative movements of the legs at the top of the pelvis are considerably less, the lateral stalks may be narrower in this area without reducing their adaptability and traction properties. _
Kertakäyttövaipassa 21 on pitkittäinen viiteviiva 28, poikittainen viiteviiva 29, takaosa 30, etuosa 31, takauumaosa 32, etu-uumaosa 33 ja haarovälialue 3^·The disposable diaper 21 has a longitudinal reference line 28, a transverse reference line 29, a rear portion 30, a front portion 31, a posterior web portion 32, a front web portion 33, and a bifurcation region 3 ^ ·
Takaosa 30 on yleensä vaipan se osa, joka ulottuu poikittaisesta viiteviivas-ta 29 vaipan takareunaan 35. Etuosa 31 on yleensä vaipan se osa, joka ulottuu poikittaisesta viiteviivasta 29 vaipan etureunaan 36. Takauumaosa 32 on vaipan takareunaan 35 rajoittuva ja sen suuntainen osa. Etu-uumaosa 33 on vaipan etupäähän eli -reunaan 36 rajoittuva ja sen suuntainen osa. Uumaosat 32 ja 33 toimivat yhdessä, kun vaippa pannaan vauvan päälle ja kiinnitetään hänen uumansa ympärille ja kun ne pitävät vaipan vauvan yllä. Uumaosien leveys voi vaihdella, mutta tavallisesti niiden leveys on n. 25-65 mm ja ne ovat vaipan koko leveyden mittaiset sen kummassakin päässä. Niidai tehollisen käyttöleveyden määrää ensi sijassa vaipan kiinnitys el in, 5 58255 esim. kiinitysnauha 27·The rear portion 30 is generally the portion of the sheath extending from the transverse reference line 29 to the rear edge 35 of the sheath. The front portion 31 is generally the portion of the sheath extending from the transverse reference line 29 to the front edge 36 of the sheath. The rear portion 32 is adjacent to and parallel to the rear edge 35 of the sheath. The front web portion 33 is a portion abutting and parallel to the front end or edge 36 of the sheath. The web portions 32 and 33 work together when the diaper is placed on top of the baby and fastened around his web and when they hold the diaper over the baby. The width of the web portions may vary, but is usually about 25-65 mm wide and is the full width of the sheath at each end. Niidai effective working width is primarily determined by the fastening of the sheath, 5 58255 eg fastening tape 27 ·
Vaipan haara-alue 34 on se vaipan alue, joka tavallisesti sijoitetaan suoraan jalkojen väliin ja vauvan vartalon alaosan ympärille ja se on keski-öity suunnilleen poikittaiseen viiteviivaan 29-The crotch crotch region 34 is the crotch region that is usually placed directly between the legs and around the lower part of the baby's body and is centered approximately on the transverse reference line 29-
Vaipan edullinen suoristusmuoto, jossa on tämän keksinnön parannus, esitetään kuvioissa 1,2,3 ja 4· Tässä vaipassa on tiimalasin muotoinen imuky-kyinen kappale 24, jolloin tämä on vaipan uumaosissa 32 ja 33 leveämpi kuin haara-alueella 34, niin että uumaoeien kuhunkin sivureunaosaan muodostuu ulokkeet 37,38,39 ja 40. Imukappaleen imukykyinen aine voi dia mitä tahansa sidetarvikealaan perehtyneille tunnettua ainetta, esim. monikerroksista kre-pattua selluloosavanua, kuohkeaksi kuivattua selluloosakuitua tai puumassaa -toisinaan "airfel’iksi" kutsuttua puuvanuketta -, tekstiilikuitua tai muuta imukykyistä ainetta. Krepatusta selluloosavanusta valmistettu hyväksyttävä imukappale 24 käsittäisi 10 kerrosta vanua (kuituharsoa), jonka pintapaino (ilmakuivattuna) ennen kreppausta on 21-24,5 g/m .A preferred embodiment of the sheath with an improvement of the present invention is shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. This sheath has an hourglass-shaped absorbent body 24, which is wider in the web portions 32 and 33 of the sheath than in the crotch region 34, so that each protrusions 37,38,39 and 40 are formed in the side edge portion. The absorbent material of the absorbent article may slide any material known to those skilled in the art of dressings, e.g., multilayer creped cellulose wadding, fluff-dried cellulosic fiber, or wood pulp — sometimes called "airfel" absorbent material. An acceptable suction piece 24 made of creped cellulose wadding would comprise 10 layers of wadding (fibrous gauze) having a basis weight (air dried) prior to creping of 21-24.5 g / m 2.
Vanukerroksilla voi olla 60 <$> tai suurempi kreppaus. Kreppausprosentti = 100 x kreppauksen --neuttama paperikappaleen pituuden vähentymä jaettuna kreppaamattoman pc,perikappaleen pituudella. Toinen nykyisin edullisena pidetty imukappale valmistetaan "airfelt"-vanusta ja tavallisesti päällystetään ylä- ja alapinnaltaan kuitukangaskerroksella. "Airfelt"-vanukkeen Ja kuitukankaan (harsokankaan) yhdistelmän pintapaino päiväkäyttöön n. 6-12,5 kg:n painoisille vauvoille tarkoitetussa vaipassa olevassa imukappaleessa on tavaili-eesti 500 g/m .The batt layers may have a creping of 60 <$> or greater. Creping percentage = 100 x the reduction in the length of a piece of paper caused by creping divided by the length of the uncreped pc, the length of the piece. Another currently preferred absorbent member is made of "airfelt" wadding and is usually coated on the top and bottom with a layer of nonwoven fabric. The surface weight of the combination of "Airfelt" mannequin and nonwoven fabric (gauze fabric) in the diaper suction piece for babies weighing approx. 6-12.5 kg for daily use is 500 g / m.
Kertakäyttövaippojen imukappaleet tai -tyynyt ovat luonteeltaan puoli-jäykkiä niissä käytetyn imukykyisen aineen johdosta. Tällaisten imukappa-leitten jäykkyyden mitta on "Taber Stiffness" TAPPI standardin T489 0S-70 mukaan, ja keksinnön tarkoituksiin pidetään puolijäykkänä imukykyistä kappaletta, jonka "Taber Stiffness" on 7 Scm tai suurempi.The absorbent pieces or pads of disposable diapers are semi-rigid in nature due to the absorbent material used therein. The stiffness dimension of such suction cups is "Taber Stiffness" according to TAPPI Standard T489 0S-70, and for purposes of the invention, an absorbent body having a "Taber Stiffness" of 7 Scm or greater is considered semi-rigid.
Imukappale antaa vaipalle ja sen ulokkeille sellaisen taivutusjäykkyyden, että ulokkeet kestävät sisäänpäin vaikuttavia voimia pysyen ulospäin osoittavassa asennossa (kuvio l) joutuessaan altiiksi kohtuullisille, niitä sisäänpäin vetäville voimille.Tämä yhtenäisen vaipan ulokkeitten taivutusjäykkyys on n. 20-200 g per 25 mm:n levyinen kaista 90° mutkan synnyttämiseksi siihen mitattuna pakkausteollisuuden standardikoetuskoneella, so. PCA Score Bebd Tester valmistaja Thwing-Albert Instrument Company, Philadelphia, Pa, USA, standardin mukaan, joka oli esitetty koneen käyttöohjeissa.The suction piece gives the sheath and its projections such a bending stiffness that the projections withstand inward forces while remaining in the outwardly pointing position (Figure 1) when subjected to moderate inward pulling forces. This uniform sheath projections have a bending stiffness of about 20-200 g per 25 mm width. a band of 90 ° to create a bend in it as measured by a standard testing machine for the packaging industry, i.e. PCA Score Bebd Tester manufactured by Thwing-Albert Instrument Company, Philadelphia, Pa., USA according to the standard set forth in the machine manual.
Keksintö antaa suurimman edun, kun imukappale 24 on puolijäykkä kappale. Imukappale kiinnitetään verrattain liikkumattomaksi sivukaistalaiden 23 suhteen, toisin sanoen takakappale 22 ei liu'u edestakaisin imukappaleen päällä, mikä on mahdollista erillisen vaipan ja tavanomaisten muovihousujen yhdistel- 6 58255 mässä. Imukappale voidaan tehdä liikkumattomaksi sivukaistaleiden suhteen, kun takakappaleen osa on sivukaistaleessa, esim. takakappale ja imukappale sidotaan yhteen, imukappale sidotaan päällikappaleeseen ja päällikappale taka-kappaleeseen tai pelkästään imukappale asetetaan tiukasti päällikappaleen ja takakappaleen väliin.The invention provides the greatest advantage when the suction piece 24 is a semi-rigid body. The suction piece is fixed relatively immobile with respect to the side strips 23, i.e. the back piece 22 does not slide back and forth on the suction piece, which is possible in a combination of a separate jacket and conventional plastic trousers. The suction piece can be made stationary with respect to the side strips when a part of the back piece is in the side strip, e.g. the back piece and the suction piece are tied together, the suction piece is tied to the cover piece and the top piece to the back piece, or the suction piece alone is placed tightly between the top piece and the back piece.
Kuten kuviossa 1 esitetään, imukappaleen 24 sivureunat 41 on suunnattu vaipan päistä vinosti vaipan keskustaakohti tiimalasin muotoisen imukappaleen muodostamiseksi. Etuosassa 31 oleva imukappaleen 24 sivureuna 41 muodostaa poikittaisen keskiviivan 29 kanssa sivukaistaleen kulman oc. Takaosassa 30 oleva imukappaleen 24 sivureuna 41 muodostaa poikittaisen keskiviivan 29 kanssa sivukaistaleen kulman β. Kulman a pitäisi olla 20-63° ja edullisesti n.As shown in Fig. 1, the side edges 41 of the suction piece 24 are oriented obliquely from the ends of the jacket to the center of the jacket to form an hourglass-shaped suction piece. The side edge 41 of the suction piece 24 in the front part 31 forms the angle α of the side strip with the transverse center line 29. The side edge 41 of the suction piece 24 in the rear part 30 forms the angle β of the side strip with the transverse center line 29. The angle α should be 20-63 ° and preferably n.
52°. Kulman β tulisi olla 20-70°, edullisesti n. 5Θ°· Jos a ja β ovat vierekkäin, kuten kuviossa 1 on esitetty, eivätkä haarovälialueella olevan pääasiassa suoraviivaisen segmentin erottamat, niin silloin minimin a plus β tulisi olla n. 90°. Imukappaleen 24 sivureunat 41 voivat olla joko suora- tai käyräviivaiset. Jos reunat 41 ovat käyräviivaiset, kulma o tai β on etuosassa 31 tai takaosassa 30 olevan kaaren jänteen ja poikittaisen viiteviivan 29 välinen kulma.52 °. The angle β should be 20-70 °, preferably about 5Θ ° · If a and β are side by side, as shown in Figure 1, and not separated by a substantially rectilinear segment in the crotch region, then the minimum a plus β should be about 90 °. The side edges 41 of the suction piece 24 can be either straight or curved. If the edges 41 are curvilinear, the angle o or β is the angle between the tendon of the arc at the front 31 or rear 30 and the transverse reference line 29.
Imukappaleen 24 leveys takapäässä 35 tai etupäässä 36 on yleensä 203-330 mm, 203-530 mm, edullisesti 280 mm. Imukappaleen 24 leveys poikittaisen viiteviivan 29 kohdalla, missä se on pienimmillään tiimalasin muotoisessa imutyynyssä, on n. 23-152 mm, edullisesti n. 50-76 mm. Imukappaleen 24 pituus on tavallisesti 280-457 uus, edullisesti n. 406 mm. Imukappaleen 24 kapein osa, so. leveys poikittaisen keskiviivan 29 kohdalla, on edullisesti siirretty 0-76 mm ja edullisemmin n. 13 ma imukappaleen etuosaa kohti sen poikittaiselta keskiviivalta.The width of the suction piece 24 at the rear end 35 or the front end 36 is generally 203-330 mm, 203-530 mm, preferably 280 mm. The width of the suction piece 24 at the transverse reference line 29, where it is smallest in the hourglass-shaped suction pad, is about 23-152 mm, preferably about 50-76 mm. The length of the suction piece 24 is usually 280-457 new, preferably about 406 mm. The narrowest part of the suction piece 24, i.e. width at the transverse centerline 29 is preferably offset from 0 to 76 mm and more preferably about 13 m from the front of the suction piece from its transverse centerline.
Imukappale 24 asetetaan takakappaleen 22 päälle ja edullisesti kiinnite- _ tään siihen alan ammattimiesten hyvin tuntemilla kiinnityselimillä , esim. kaksipuolisilla paineherkillä liima- tai tarrahauboilla, kuumasulaliimoilla tai muilla liimoilla. Imukappale 24 voidaan kiinnittää takakappaleeseen 22 jatkuvalla tasaisella 1ilmakerroksella kuvioidulla 1ilmakerroksella tai useilla erillisillä liimatäplillä. Lisäksi on todettu olevan edullista kiinnittää imukappaleen 24 sivureunat 41 sivukaistaleeseen esim. takakappaleen välityksellä reunankiinnitteellä 42. Reunankiinnite 42 huolehtii sivukaistaleen 25 ja sitä vastaavan imukappaleen sivureunan keskinäisestä kiinnityksestä takakappaleen välityksellä.The suction piece 24 is placed on the back piece 22 and is preferably fastened to it by fastening means well known to those skilled in the art, e.g. double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive or self-adhesive adhesives, hot-melt adhesives or other adhesives. The suction piece 24 can be attached to the back piece 22 by a continuous flat air layer with a patterned air layer or by several separate adhesive spots. In addition, it has been found advantageous to attach the side edges 41 of the suction piece 24 to the side strip, e.g., via a back piece with an edge fastener 42. The edge fastener 42 provides mutual attachment of the side edge of the side strip 25 and the corresponding suction piece via the back piece.
Takakappale 22, on taipuisa, kosteutta läpäisemätön arkkikappale, joka edullisesti on pienitiheyksinen, läpikuultamaton, n. 0,025 mm:n paksuinen polyeteenikalvo, esim. Monsanto Chemical Companyltä nimellä Film, nto 8020 saatava polyeteenikalvo. Tässä suoritusmuodossa takakappale 22 on muunnetun tiimalasin muotoinen ja ulottuu imukappaleen kehän ulkopuolelle sen joka kohdassa. Takakappale ulottuu kummassakin päässä imukappaleen ulkopuolelle 7 58255 n. 13 mm:n verran. Sivuilla takakappale ulottuu imukappaleen sivureunojen ulkopuolelle ja kulkee näiden suuntaisena jonkin matkaa kummastakin päästä. Imukappaleen kavetessa haara-aluetta 34 kohti takakappaleen kehä on oleellisen suoraviivainen ja pitkittäisen keskiviivan 28 suuntainen, kuten reuna 44 kuviossa 1, joten takakappale on tässäkohdin imukappaletta paljon leveämpi ja sivukaistale 25 levenee koko ajan poikittaiseen viiteviivaan 29 asti. Tämä takakappaleen kehän suoraviivainen osa muodostaa sivukaistaleen 25 kokoonve-täytyvän reunan 44· Takakappaleen 22 sivureunan suoraviivainen osa on suurin piirtein 127 - 305 mm:n pituinen ja päiväkäyttökokoisessa vaipassa n. 230 mm:n pituinen. Takakappale 22 on edullista kohokuvioida ja/tai karhentaa.The backsheet 22, is a flexible, moisture-impermeable sheet body, preferably a low-density, opaque, about 0.025 mm thick polyethylene film, e.g., a polyethylene film available from Monsanto Chemical Company under the name Film, nto 8020. In this embodiment, the back piece 22 is in the shape of a modified hourglass and extends beyond the circumference of the suction piece at all points therein. The rear piece extends at both ends outside the suction piece 7 58255 by approx. 13 mm. On the sides, the back piece extends beyond the side edges of the suction piece and runs some distance from each end. As the suction piece tapers toward the crotch region 34, the periphery of the back piece is substantially straight and parallel to the longitudinal centerline 28, as edge 44 in Figure 1, so the back piece is much wider than the suction piece and the side strip 25 widens all the way to the transverse reference line 29. This rectilinear portion of the periphery of the backsheet forms the collapsible edge 44 of the side strip 25. The rectilinear portion of the side edge of the backsheet 22 is approximately 127 to 305 mm in length and approximately 230 mm in the daytime diaper. The back piece 22 is preferably embossed and / or roughened.
Takakappaleen osa, joka ulottuu imukappaleen sivureunojen 41 ulkopuolel-^ le vaipan haara-alueelle 34* muodostaa sivukaistaleen 25 osan.The part of the back piece which extends beyond the side edges 41 of the suction piece to the branch area 34 * of the jacket forms part of the side strip 25.
Takakappaleen 22 yllä kuvatusta ja kuviossa 1 esitetystä muunnetusta tii-malasimuodosta on tuloksena vaippa, jonka sivureunanpituus on euurempi kuin sen pitkittäisen viiteviivan pituus. Tämä pituusero mahdollistaa paremman sopiman ajateltaessa ihmisen, joko lapsen tai aikuisen anatomiaa. Sivureunan pituus on suurempi kuin vaipan pitkittäisen v iiteviivan pituus.The modified tea-glass shape of the backsheet 22 described above and shown in Figure 1 results in a sheath having a side edge length greater than the length of its longitudinal reference line. This difference in length allows for a better fit when thinking about the anatomy of a human, either child or adult. The length of the side edge is greater than the length of the longitudinal reference line of the sheath.
^äällikappale 23 on tässä suoritusmuodossa samankokoinen kuin takakappale 22 ja asetetaan tämän päälle imukappaleen 24 jäädessä niiden väliin. Pääl-likappale 23 kiinnitetään takakappaleeseen 22 siellä, missä niiden pinnat kohtaavat, so. imukappaleen 24 kehän ulkopuolisilla alueilla, päällikappaleen ja takakappaleen kiinnitteellä 43, joka on erittäin taipuisaa, etenkin sivukaistaleen 25 alueella. Niinpä sivukaistaleeseen 25 sisältyy tässä edullisessa suoritusmuodossa takakappaleen ja päällikappaleen osia ja samanlaajui-nen kiinnite niiden välissä, Päällikappale 23 voi olla jokin mukautuva, pehmeältä tuntuva, huokoinen paperi- tai ηοη-woven kangaskappale tai -arkki. Eräs esimerkki siitä on ns. kuitukangasarkki, joka on valmistettu 1,5“5»0 denierin raionista (viskoosi-kuidusta) ja jossa on n. 20-35 # sidosainetta (esim. akryylihappojen esterin sekapolymeeri, jota Rohm & Haas Company myy nimellä Rhoplex, HA-8) ja ~ jonka pintapaino on n. 18-23 g/m . Toinen hyväksi koettu esimerkki päällikap- palsesta on kuitukangas (non-voven kangas), jossa on 35-64 $> l#5-3*0 denierin polyesterikuitua, 14-40 $ 1,5-3*0 denierin raionkuitua (viskoosikuitua) ja m. 20-30 fo sideainetta, esim. yllä mainittua Rhoplex HA-8. Tämän kuitukankaan pintapaino on n. 30-42 g/m ja paksuus 0,41-0,51 mm.In this embodiment, the top piece 23 is the same size as the back piece 22 and is placed thereon with the suction piece 24 interposed therebetween. The top piece 23 is attached to the back piece 22 where their surfaces meet, i. in the non-circumferential areas of the suction piece 24, with a fastener 43 of the top piece and the back piece, which is very flexible, in particular in the area of the side strip 25. Thus, in this preferred embodiment, the side strip 25 includes portions of the backsheet and the top piece and a similar attachment therebetween. The top piece 23 may be an adaptive, soft-feeling, porous piece or sheet of fabric or paper woven fabric. One example of this is the so-called a nonwoven sheet made of 1.5 “5» 0 denier rayon (viscose fiber) with about 20-35 # binder (e.g., an acrylic acid ester copolymer sold by Rohm & Haas Company under the name Rhoplex, HA-8), and ~ having a basis weight of about 18-23 g / m. Another good example of a cover piece is a nonwoven fabric (non-woven fabric) with $ 35-64> l # 5-3 * 0 denier polyester fiber, $ 14-40 $ 1.5-3 * 0 denier rayon fiber (viscose fiber), and m. 20-30 fo binder, e.g. Rhoplex HA-8 mentioned above. This nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of about 30-42 g / m and a thickness of 0.41-0.51 mm.
Tämän edullisen suoritusmuodon mukaisen vaipan kumpikin sivukaistale on olennaisesti kolmiomainen ja voidaan karkeasti määritellä rajoittuvaksi imukappaleen 24 sivureunaan 41 vaipan takaosassa 3°, imukappaleen sivureu-naan 41 vaipan etuosassa 31 ja sivukaistaleen läpi kulkevaan joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvään viivaan, jonka joustava elin 26 määrittää ja joka tässä suoritusmuodossa on Joustavan elimen 26 kokoonvetäytyvä ulkoreuna. Sivukaistaleen 25 pitäisi olla erittäin taipuisa ja siten kokoonvedettävä. Niinpä senEach side strip of the sheath according to this preferred embodiment is substantially triangular and can be roughly defined to abut the side edge 41 of the suction piece 24 at the rear of the jacket 3 °, the side edge 41 of the suction piece 41 at the front part 31 of the jacket and a resiliently collapsible line passing through The collapsible outer edge of the resilient member 26. The side strip 25 should be very flexible and thus retractable. So its
s SS25Ss SS25S
taivutusjäykkyys ei saisi ylittää n. 6 gcm (grammasenttimetriä) sen tulisi edullisesti olla n. 3 gcm ja mieluummin alle 0,5 gcm mitattuna Taber Stiffness kojeella TAPPIn standardin T489 0S-70 mukaan. Tässä suoritusmuodossa sivu-kaistale koostuu takakappaleen materiaalista, päällikappaleen materiaalista ja näiden kiinnitteestä. Täten päällikappaleen/takakappaleen kiinnitteen täytyy myös olla erittäin taipuisaa ainetta.the bending stiffness should not exceed about 6 gcm (gram centimeters) it should preferably be about 3 gcm and preferably less than 0.5 gcm measured with a Taber Stiffness according to TAPPI standard T489 0S-70. In this embodiment, the side strip consists of a backing material, a cover material, and a fastener thereof. Thus, the attachment of the top / back piece must also be a very flexible material.
Joustoelin 26 yhdistetään sivukaistaleeseen 23 joustavasti kokoonvetäyty-väseä tilassa, niin että palatessaan normaalisti jännittymättömään muotoonsa joustoelin 26 vetää kokoon tai kerää ympäriltään sivukaistaleen materiaalia joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän viivan muodostamiseksi sivukaistaleeseen suurin piirtein tämän ulkosivureunan 44 läheisyyteen. _The resilient member 26 is connected to the side strip 23 in a resiliently retractable state so that upon returning to its normally unstressed shape, the resilient member 26 collapses or collects the side strip material to form a resiliently retractable line in the vicinity of the outer strip 44. _
Joustoelin voidaan yhdistää sivukaistaleeseen joustavasti kokoonvetäyty-vässä tilassa ainakin kahdella tavalla, so. venyttää joustoelin ja kiinnittää se venytetyssä tilassa sivukaistaleeseen tämän ollessa kokoonvetäytymättömäs-sä eli venytetyssä tilassa tai vetää sivukaistale kokoon esim. laskostamalla ja kiinnittää joustoelin kokoonvedettyyn sivukaistaleeseen joustoelimen ollee -sa höllänä eli venyttämättömässä tilassa.The resilient member can be connected to the side strip in a resiliently retractable state in at least two ways, i. stretching the elastic member and securing it in the stretched state to the side strip when it is in a non-shrinking or stretched state, or pulling the side strip together, e.g. by folding, and attaching the elastic member to the collapsed side strip in the loose state, i.e. in an unstretched state.
Tämän keksinnön taipuisan sivukaistaleen sisässä oleva Joustoelin kehittää rt edullisesti ihoa vastaan 0,014-0,17 kp/cia suuruisen kosketuspaineen. Tällä alueella oleva kosketuspaine on hyväksyttävä jatkuvan kosketukseen aikaansaamiseksi vauvan reiteen ilman että se synnyttää ikäviä painumia vauvan ihoon. Joustoelimellä, jotta se antaisi oikean kosketuspaineen ihoon sopivassa taipuisassa sivukaistaleessa, tulisi esivenytetyssä tilassaan ollessaan olla 35-150 g j& edullisesti 60-100 g vetovoima. Joustoelimen pitäisi saada aikaan tämä vetovoima ja siten sen venymä olisi esivenytetyssä tilassa 25-200 cjo, edullisesti 50-100 i».The resilient member inside the flexible side strip of the present invention preferably develops a contact pressure of 0.014 to 0.17 kp / cia against the skin. The contact pressure in this area must be acceptable to ensure continuous contact with the baby's thigh without causing unpleasant depressions in the baby's skin. The resilient member, in order to provide the correct contact pressure in a flexible side strip suitable for the skin, should have a tensile force of 35-150 g and preferably 60-100 g when in its pre-stretched state. The elastic member should provide this attraction and thus its elongation in the pre-stretched state would be 25-200 cjo, preferably 50-100 i ».
Eräs hyväksi koettu joustoelin on kuminauha, jonka poikkileikkaus on 0,10 mm x 6,35 nm ja joka on valmistettu luonnonkumista (kautsusta), jota on saatavissa Easthampton Rubber Thread Companyltä nimikkeellä "L-1900 rubber compound". Tämän kuminauhan vetovoima on n. 100 g 100 $:n venymässä. Sitä käytettiin joustoelimenä 26 kuvion 1 edullisessa suoritusmuodossa ja se venytettiin 100 io venymään sen saattamiseksi venytettyyn tilaansa, so. sen suurimpaan pituuteen, jonka sivukaistaleen muut materiaalit sallivat sen venyttää sen ollessa sivukaistaleeseen kiinnitettynä, jolloin sen vetovoima oli tässä venytetyssä tilassa n. 100 g.One proven resilient member is an elastic band having a cross section of 0.10 mm x 6.35 nm and made of natural rubber (rubber) available from Easthampton Rubber Thread Company under the designation "L-1900 rubber compound". The attraction of this rubber band is about 100 g in a stretch of $ 100. It was used as a resilient member 26 in the preferred embodiment of Figure 1 and was stretched to 100 Io to bring it to its stretched state, i. to its maximum length which the other materials of the side strip allow it to be stretched when attached to the side strip, whereby its attraction in this stretched state was about 100 g.
Joustoelin 26 on, kuten kuvio 2 esittää, yhdistetty sivukaisteleeseen 25 kiinnittämällä se takakappaleeseen 22, päällikappaleeseen 23 tai molempiin elastisella kiinnitteellä 43· Tämän elastisen kiinnitteen 45 pitää olla taipuisaa ja riittävän takertuvaa joustoelimen 26 pitämiseksi oleellisesti äärettömän kauan venytetyssä tilassa. Joustoelin 26 esitetään kuvioissa 2 ja 3 kiinnitetyksi päällikappaleeseen 23 elastisella kiinnitteellä 45« Eräs mate- 9 58255 riaali, joka on toiminut hyvin taipuisana elastisena kiinnittimenä, on kaksipuolinen siirtonauha (transfer tape), jota voidaan saada The Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Companyltä, St. Paul, Minnesota.Tämä materiaali sopii hyvin yhteen joustoelimen materiaalin kanssa ja se on tunnettu nimellä "n:o 465 pressure-sensitive tape (high tack)". Kiinnitteenä 45 voidaan käyttää myös muita joustoelimen kanssa yhteensopivia taipuisia liimoja. Jousto-elintä 26 ei välttämättä tarvitse kiinnittää sivukaistaleeseen koko pituudeltaan, vaan voidaan sen sijasta kiinnittää esim. vain molemmista päistään ja toimivasti yhdistää sivukaistaleeseen pituutensa muulta osalta viemällä se sivukaistaleessa olevan tuppilon tai sivukaistaleeseen yhtenäisesti liittyvi-^ en silmukoiden läpi.The resilient member 26 is, as shown in Figure 2, connected to the side strip 25 by securing it to the back piece 22, the top piece 23, or both by an elastic fastener 43 · This resilient fastener 45 must be flexible and sufficiently adhesive to hold the resilient member 26 in a substantially infinitely stretched state. The resilient member 26 is shown in Figures 2 and 3 attached to the cover 23 with an elastic fastener 45. "One material that has acted as a highly flexible elastic fastener is a double-sided transfer tape available from The Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul. , Minnesota.This material is well compatible with the material of the elastic member and is known as "No. 465 pressure-sensitive tape (high tack)". Other flexible adhesives compatible with the resilient member may also be used as the fastener 45. The resilient member 26 does not necessarily have to be attached to the side strip along its entire length, but can instead be attached e.g. at both ends and operatively connected to the side strip for the rest of its length by passing it through a sheath in the side strip or loops integrally associated with the side strip.
Joustoelimen 26 ulkoeivureuna on kuvion 1 suoritusmuodossa sivukaistaleen 25 läpi kulkeva joustava kokoonvetäytyvä viiva. Sivukaistaleen joustava, kokoonvetäytyvä viiva on joustoelimen taipuisaan sivukaistaleeseen muodostama "joustorata". Vaikka tässä käytetään sanaa "viiva" kuvaamaan sivukaistaleen "joustorataa", niin sillä ei aiota sulkea pois leveämpää "joustorataa". Jous-toelin on tässä suoritusmuodossa esitetty kulkevan sivukaistaleen koko joustavaa, kokoonvetäytyvää viivaa pitkin, mutta tätä rakennetta ei ehdottomasti vaadita. Joustava, kokoonvetäytyvä viiva voidaan saada aikaan taipuisaan sivukaistaleeseen kiinnittämällä tähän joustoelin, joka venytetyssä tilassaan on joustavaa, kokoon vetäytyvää viivaa lyhyempi. Esim. vain poikittaisesta viiteviivasta 29 jompaan kumpaan leikkauspisteeseen 60 ulottuva eli jous-toelintä 26 lyhyempi joustoelin voidaan asettaa mihinkä tahansa joustoelimen 26 radalle. Jos käytetään joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvää viivaa lyhyempää jous-toelintä, se on edullista sijoittaa vaipan takaosaan.In the embodiment of Figure 1, the outer edge of the resilient member 26 is a resilient collapsible line passing through the side strip 25. The elastic, retractable line of the side strip is the "elastic path" formed by the elastic member in the flexible side strip. Although the word "line" is used herein to describe the "elastic path" of a sideband, it is not intended to exclude a wider "elastic path". In this embodiment, the spring member is shown running along the entire flexible, collapsible line of the side strip, but this structure is not absolutely required. A flexible, retractable line can be provided on the flexible side strip by attaching to it a resilient member which, in its stretched state, is shorter than the flexible, retractable line. For example, only a resilient member extending from the transverse reference line 29 to either of the two intersection points 60, i.e. shorter than the resilient member 26, can be placed on any track of the resilient member 26. If a spring member shorter than the resiliently collapsible line is used, it is preferable to place it at the back of the sheath.
Joustoelimen 26 tekemiseksi tehokkaaksi se asetetaan jonkin matkaa ulos-_ päin imukappaleen 24 sivureunasta 41 joustavan, kokoonvetäytyvän viivan saamiseksi etäälle tästä sivureunasta 41« jotta taipuisalle sivukaistaleelle saataisiin leveys, so. etäisyys joustavasta, kokoonvetäytyvästä viivasta puolijäykän imukappaleen reunaan, joka tässä suoritusmuodossa ulottuu joustoelimen 26 uloesivureunasta imukappaleen 24 sivureunaan 41. Joustoelimen 26 tehokkain osa tässä suoritusmuodossa on vaipan haaraalueelie, so. poikittaisen viltevilvan 29 vieressä sijaitseva osa. Joustoelimen 26 sijoittaminen jonkin matkaa ulospäin imukappaleen kapeimmasta osasta on välttämätön kokoonvetäytyvän sivukaistaleen aikaansaamiseksi kertakäyttövaippaan. Taipuisan sivukaistaleen leveyden pitää olla vähintään 19 mm haarovälialueella, mutta edullisesti se on n. 44-II4 mm ja edullisimmin n.. 76 mm.In order to make the resilient member 26 effective, it is placed some distance outwards from the side edge 41 of the suction piece 24 to obtain a flexible, collapsible line remote from this side edge 41 so as to give the flexible side strip a width, i. the distance from the resilient, retractable line to the edge of the semi-rigid suction member extending in this embodiment from the protruding side edge of the resilient member 26 to the side edge 41 of the suction member 24. The most effective portion of the resilient member 26 in this embodiment is the sheath branch member. the part adjacent to the transverse blank 29. Positioning the resilient member 26 some distance outward from the narrowest portion of the suction piece is necessary to provide a collapsible side strip in the disposable diaper. The width of the flexible side strip should be at least 19 mm in the crotch region, but is preferably about 44 to II mm and most preferably about 76 mm.
Joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvässä tilassaan taipuisaan sivukaistaleeseen yhdistettynä joustoelin muodostaa sivukaistaleen läpi kulkevan joustavan kokoonvetäytyvän viivan eli joustoradan ja siten saa aikaan pituussuunnassa 10 58255 kokoonvetäytyvän sivukaistaleen. Tuloksena on taipuisa sivukaistale, jossa on joustava kokoonvetäytyvä viiva vaipan kummallakin sivulla, siis kaksi vastakkain asetettua joustavaa, kokoonvetäytyvää viivaa. Kumpikin taipuisa sivukaistale lähtee leveyssuunnassa joustavasta, kokoonvetäytyvästä viivasta pitkittäistä viiteviivaa 28 kohti. Näiden vastapäisten, joustavien kokoon-vetäytyvien viivojen minimiväli on 102 mm ja edullisesti 140 mm alle 6,55 kg painavien vauvojen kohdalla ja 127 nm» edullisesti 165 mm ja edullisimmin 191 ma 6,35 - 16,0 kg painavien vauvojen kohdalla.In its resiliently retractable state, when combined with the flexible side strip, the resilient member forms a resilient retractable line, i.e., a resilient path, passing through the side strip and thus provides a longitudinally compressible side strip. The result is a flexible side strip with a resilient collapsible line on each side of the sheath, i.e. two opposed resilient, collapsible lines. Each flexible side strip starts from a widthwise elastic, collapsible line toward the longitudinal reference line 28. The minimum spacing of these opposite, flexible retractable lines is 102 mm and preferably 140 mm for babies weighing less than 6.55 kg and 127 nm »preferably 165 mm and most preferably 191 m for babies weighing 6.35 to 16.0 kg.
Joustoelin 26 voi venytetyssä tilassaan olla joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvää viivaa pitempi, niin että joustoelimen 26 kumpikin pää ulottuu imukappaleen 24 sivureunaan 41 ja sen toiselle puolelle niiden leikkauskohdassa 60 ja näin ollen peittää imukappaletta 24. Tämä rakenne esitetään kuvioissa 1 ja 3· Leikkauskohdan 60 yli ulottuva joustoelimen 26 osa voidaan toimivasti yhdistää imukappaleeseen monin tavoin, esim. liimaamalla se päällikappaleeseen 23 tai liimaamalla se suoraan imukappaleeseen.In its stretched state, the resilient member 26 may be longer than the resiliently retractable line so that each end of the resilient member 26 extends to the side edge 41 and the other side of the suction member 24 at their intersection 60 and thus covers the suction member 24. This structure is shown in Figures 1 and 3. the part can be operatively connected to the suction piece in many ways, e.g. by gluing it to the cover piece 23 or by gluing it directly to the suction piece.
Toimiakseen tehokkaimmin joustoelimellä tulisi venytetyssä tilassaan olla n. 102 mm ja edullisesti n. 17Θ mm tehollinen minimipituus tehokkaan, joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän sivukaistaleen aikaansaamiseksi.In order to operate most effectively, the resilient member should have an effective minimum length of about 102 mm and preferably about 17Θ mm in its stretched state to provide an effective, resiliently collapsible side strip.
Venytetyssä tilassa olevan joustoelimen tehollinen pituus on kokoonve-täytymiseen eli supistumiseen käytettävissä oleva pituus. Kuvion 1 suoritusmuodossa venytetyssä tilassaan olevan joustoelimen tehollinen pituus on kokoonvetäytymätön pituus sivukaistaleen 25 läpi laskettuna joustoelimen ja imukappaleen leikkaus- eli risteyskohdasta 60 vaipan takaosassa 30 vastaavaan risteyskohtaan 60 vaipan etuosassa 31.The effective length of the elastic member in the stretched state is the length available for contraction, i.e. contraction. In the embodiment of Figure 1, the effective length of the resilient member in its stretched state is the non-shrinkable length through the side strip 25 from the intersection of the resilient member and the suction member 60 at the rear of the jacket 30 to the corresponding junction 60 at the front of the jacket 31.
Taipuisan sivukaistaleen ulkopuolelle ulottumattoman jous toelimen tehollinen pituus on yhtä suuri kuin joustoelimen venytetty pituus. Päiväkäyttö-vaipassa, joka on tarkoitettu n. 6,35-12,7 kg paina.ille vauvoille tavalliseen päiväkäyttöön, pidetään n. 230 mm tehollista pituutta sopivana kuviossa 1 esitetyssä vaipassa.The effective length of the spring member that does not extend beyond the flexible side strip is equal to the stretched length of the spring member. In a daytime diaper intended for infants weighing about 6.35-12.7 kg for normal daytime use, an effective length of about 230 mm is considered suitable for the diaper shown in Figure 1.
Kiinnitysnauha 27 liitetään tavallisesti kertakäyttövaipan takauumaosaan 32 vaipan vauvan yllä pitävän kiinnityselimen muodostamiseksi. Kiinnitysnauhoi-na 27 voidaan käyttää mitä hyvänsä alaan perehtyneiden hyvin tuntemia nauhoista, kuten kiinnitysnauhaa, joka on paljastettu US-patentissa 3 646 937 (Gellert), julkistettu 7*5·1972. Nämä kiinnitysnauhat tai muut vaippojen kiinnityselimet, kuten neulat, asetetaan tavallisesti lähelle vaipan yläreunaa sen ollessa käyttömuodossa (kuvio 4)· Tämä vaippa Kiinnitetään siis vain yläreunan läheltä eikä läheltä jalka-aukkoa, kuten tapahtuu tyypillisissä muovi-housuissa, jotka kiinnitetään sekä ylhäältä että jalka-aukosta tai sen vierestä.The fastening strap 27 is usually attached to the rear portion 32 of the disposable diaper to form a fastening member for holding the baby in the diaper. As the fastening tape 27, any of the tapes well known to those skilled in the art can be used, such as the fastening tape disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,646,937 (Gellert), published in 1972. These fastening straps or other diaper fastening members, such as needles, are usually placed close to the top of the diaper when in use (Figure 4). · This diaper is only fastened near the top and not close to the leg opening, as is the case with typical plastic trousers. or next to the opening.
Vaihtoehtoinen suoritusmuoto esitetään kuviossa 6, jossa imukappale 46 on 11 582 55 muunnetun tiimalasin muotoinen ja varustettu ulokkeilla 49 ja jossa jousto-elimet 47 ulottuvat vaipan takaosan 50 ulokkeista 49 sen etuosan 51 ulokkeisiin 49· Tämän johdosta joustava, kokoonvetäytyvä viiva sijoittuu mahdollisimman sivulle ollen kuitenkin vielä ulokkeitten reunoista sisäänpäin tai samalla lijallaniiden kanssa. Tässä suoritusmuodossa joustoelin 47 sijoitetaan mahdollisimman kauas sivulle sen päiden sattuessa kuitenkin vielä imu-kappaleen 46 ulokkeitten 49 alueelle. Kuviossa 6 esitetyn muotoinen vaippa voidaan silloin laskostaa "Z"-laskokseen, kuten esitetään US-patentissa Re. 26 151 (Duncan et ai.) julkaistu 31.1.1967 tai "(V-laskokseen.An alternative embodiment is shown in Figure 6, in which the suction piece 46 is in the shape of 11,582 55 modified hourglass and provided with projections 49 and in which the resilient members 47 extend from the projections 49 of the rear portion 50 to the projections 49 of its front portion 51. from the edges of the projections inwards or at the same time as the dirt. In this embodiment, the resilient member 47 is placed as far as possible to the side, however, with its ends still in the region of the projections 49 of the suction body 46. A jacket in the shape shown in Figure 6 can then be folded into a "Z" fold, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Re. 26,151 (Duncan et al.) Published January 31, 1967 or "(V-fold.
Imukappaleen muita suoritusmuotoja, joissa on ulokkeet, jotka voivat olla luontaisesti jäykkiä tai jäykistetään käyttämällä jäykisteitä, kuten tukia, ovat kuvioissa 8 ja 9 esitetyt "I"- tai "T"-muodot.Other embodiments of the suction member with protrusions that may be inherently rigid or stiffened using stiffeners, such as supports, are the "I" or "T" shapes shown in Figures 8 and 9.
Kuviossa 5 esitetään vielä yksi suoritusmuoto, jossa on keksinnön parannus. Sen päällikappale 54, takakappale 55 ja imukappale 56 ovat muodoltaana ~ erilaiset kuin kuvion 1 vaipan yhteydessä kuvatut, mutta vaippa itsessään on pantu kokoon olennaisesti samalla tapaa kuin kuvattiin kuvion 1 vaipan osalta. Kuvio 5 vaipan imukappale 56 on oleellisesti suorakulmainen. Takakappale 55 on imukappaletta 56 leveämpi, joten osa siitä ulottuu niin paljon imukappaleen 56 kummankin sivureunan ulkopuolelle, että muodostuu taipuisa sivukaistale 58, joka voi olla 51-89 mm:n levyinen minimileveyden ollessa 19 mm. Takakappale on imukappaletta pitempikin, niin että siitä jää kapea reuna imukappaleen 56 kummankin pään ulkopuolelle. Joustoelin 57 on toimivasti yhdistetty kumpaankin sivukaistaleeseen 58. Sivukaistale 56 muodostuu imu-kappaleen 56 eivureunojen 59 ulkopuolelle ulottuvasta takakappaleen 55 osasta. Joustoelin 57 on kiinnitetty sivukaistaleeseen 58 ja asetettu välimatkan päähän imukappaleen 56 sivureunasta 59» Joustoelimen 57 ja sivureunan 59 välinen etäisyys on sellainen kuin edellä on esitetty kokoonvetäytyvän eli joustavan sivukaistaleen muodostamiseksi kertakäyttövalppaan.Figure 5 shows another embodiment with an improvement of the invention. Its top piece 54, back piece 55 and suction piece 56 have different shapes from those described in connection with the sheath of Figure 1, but the sheath itself is assembled in substantially the same manner as described for the sheath of Figure 1. Figure 5 is a substantially rectangular sheath suction piece 56. The back piece 55 is wider than the suction piece 56, so that part of it extends so far beyond each side edge of the suction piece 56 that a flexible side strip 58 is formed, which may be 51-89 mm wide with a minimum width of 19 mm. The back piece is even longer than the suction piece, so that it has a narrow edge outside each end of the suction piece 56. The resilient member 57 is operatively connected to each of the side strips 58. The side strip 56 is formed by a portion of the rear body 55 extending beyond the non-edges 59 of the suction body 56. The resilient member 57 is attached to the side strip 58 and spaced from the side edge 59 of the suction piece 56 »The distance between the resilient member 57 and the side edge 59 is as described above to form a collapsible or resilient side strip in the disposable valve.
Kuvion 5 vaippa voidaan myös laskostaa "C"- tai "Z"-muotoon, kuten edellä mainittiin kuvion 6 vaipan yhteydessä. Kuvion 5 vaipan poikkileikkaus vaipan ollessa laskostettuna "Z"-muotoon esitetään kuviossa 7*The sheath of Figure 5 can also be folded into a "C" or "Z" shape, as mentioned above in connection with the sheath of Figure 6. The cross-section of the sheath of Figure 5 with the sheath folded into a "Z" shape is shown in Figure 7 *
Vielä eräs vaihtoehtoinen suoritusmuoto on sellainen, jossa vaippa on olennaisesti samanlainen kuin kuviossa 1 esitetty sillä poikkeuksella, että imukappale on T-muotoinen ja että joustoelimen 26 päitä ei ole kiinnitetty imukappaleeseen, vaan takakappaleeseen tai päällikappaleeseen samalla tapaa kuin joustoelimen 26 pituuden pääosa kuvion 1 vaipassa. T-muotoisessa imu-kappaleessa ei ole ulokkeita 39 ja 40'vaipan etuosassa.Yet another alternative embodiment is one in which the sheath is substantially similar to that shown in Figure 1 except that the suction member is T-shaped and that the ends of the resilient member 26 are not attached to the suction member but to the backsheet or cover in the same manner as the resilient member 26. The T-shaped suction piece has no protrusions 39 and 40 'at the front of the jacket.
Vaikka edellä olevissa kuvauksissa ei ole erityisesti esitetty olevan imukykyistä ainetta vaipan sivukaistaleissa, niissä voisi kuitenkin jonkin verran olla tätä ainetta. Sivukaistaleeseen, esim. sen alueellaolevien pääl-likappaleen ja takakappaleen väliin sijoitetun imukykyisen aineen määrä olisi 12 58255 rajoitettava niin, että sivukaistaleen taivutusjäykkyys ei ylitä yllä määritettyä maksimiarvoa, so. 6 gom, edullisesti alle 3 gom ja edullisimmin alle 0,3 gcm maksimiarvoa.Although not specifically shown in the above descriptions to be an absorbent material in the side strips of the sheath, they could still contain some of this material. The amount of absorbent material placed in the side strip, e.g., between the top piece and the back piece in its area, should be limited to 12 58255 so that the bending stiffness of the side strip does not exceed the maximum value defined above, i. 6 gom, preferably less than 3 gom and most preferably less than 0.3 gcm maximum value.
Jos jotakin imukykyistä ainetta laitettaisiin taipuisaan sivukaistalee-seen, tämän leveys olisi joustavasti kokoonvetäytyvän viivan ja imukappaleen sivureunan välinen etäisyys. Useimmissa tapauksissa sattuu imukappaleen reuna kohtaan, jossa vaipan taipuisuus on yllä mainittua minimiarvoa pienempi.If an absorbent material were placed in a flexible side strip, the width of this would be the distance between the resiliently shrinkable line and the side edge of the absorbent body. In most cases, the edge of the suction piece occurs at a point where the flexibility of the jacket is less than the minimum value mentioned above.
Niinpä on ilmeistä, että keksinnön mukaisesti on saatu aikaan yhtenäinen kertakäyttövaippa, joka täysin saavuttaa yllä esitetyt tavoitteet, päämäärät ja edut. Vaikkakin keksintöä on kuvattu spesifisten suoritusmuotojen yhteydessä, on selvää, että monet vaihtoehdot modifikaatiot ja variaatiot _ ovat ilmeisiä ämmättimiehilie edellä kerrotun kuvauksen valossa. Tarkoituksena onkin ottaa mukaan kaikki sellaiset vaihtoehdot, modifikaatiot ja variaatiot, jotka sisältyvät oheisten patenttivaatimusten ajatukseen ja suoja- _ alaan.Thus, it is apparent that in accordance with the invention, there is provided a unitary disposable diaper which fully achieves the above objects, goals and advantages. Although the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments, it will be apparent that many alternative modifications and variations will be apparent in light of the foregoing description. It is therefore intended to include all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US41814773 | 1973-11-21 | ||
| US418147US3860003B2 (en) | 1973-11-21 | 1973-11-21 | Contractable side portions for disposable diaper |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI335074A7 FI335074A7 (en) | 1975-05-22 |
| FI58255Btrue FI58255B (en) | 1980-09-30 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI861176AFI861176A7 (en) | 1973-11-21 | 1974-11-20 | Disposable diaper. |
| FI3350/74AFI58255B (en) | 1973-11-21 | 1974-11-20 | ENGAONGSBLOEJA |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI861176AFI861176A7 (en) | 1973-11-21 | 1974-11-20 | Disposable diaper. |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3860003B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5240267B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT347373B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE822408A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7409767A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1097451A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH587030A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2454590C2 (en) |
| DK (2) | DK140784B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES227803Y (en) |
| FI (2) | FI861176A7 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2251278B1 (en) |
| IE (1) | IE40127B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1030815B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU71317A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL176518B (en) |
| SE (2) | SE408992B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA747428B (en) |
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| JPS54123061U (en)* | 1978-02-16 | 1979-08-28 | ||
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