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EP1177759B1 - Microdialysis device - Google Patents

Microdialysis device
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Publication number
EP1177759B1
EP1177759B1EP01116277AEP01116277AEP1177759B1EP 1177759 B1EP1177759 B1EP 1177759B1EP 01116277 AEP01116277 AEP 01116277AEP 01116277 AEP01116277 AEP 01116277AEP 1177759 B1EP1177759 B1EP 1177759B1
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Prior art keywords
pump unit
microdialysis
pressure
probe
suction
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1177759A1 (en
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Josef Roeper
Michael Schoemaker
Christian Hoerauf
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F Hoffmann La Roche AG
Roche Diagnostics GmbH
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F Hoffmann La Roche AG
Roche Diagnostics GmbH
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Abstract

Microdialysis arrangement comprise a probe inserted into an organic tissue; a sensor cell for electrochemically acquiring the contents, especially glucose in the perfusion fluid removed from the probe; and a conveying device for conveying the perfusion fluid through the probe channel of the probe to the sensor cell. The conveying device has a pressure pumping unit and a suction pumping unit. Microdialysis arrangement comprise a probe (12) inserted into an organic tissue (10); a sensor cell (14) for electrochemically acquiring the contents, especially glucose in the perfusion fluid removed from the probe; and a conveying device (16) for conveying the perfusion fluid through the probe channel (18) of the probe to the sensor cell. The conveying device has a pressure pumping unit (30) connected on the pressure side to the inlet (20) of the probe channel and a suction pumping unit (31) arranged on the suction side to the outlet (24) of the channel and operated simultaneously with the pressure pumping unit.

Description

Translated fromGerman

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mikrodialyseanordnung mit einer in organischesGewebe einsetzbaren, eine Dialysemembran zur Trennung eines mit Perfusionsflüssigkeitbeaufschlagten Sondenkanals gegenüber dem Gewebe aufweisendenMikrodialysesonde, einer Sensorzelle zur vorzugsweise elektrochemischenErfassung von Inhaltsstoffen, insbesondere Glukose in der ausder Mikrodialysesonde abgeführten Perfusionsflüssigkeit und einer Fördereinrichtungzur Förderung der Perfusionsflüssigkeit durch den Sondenkanalder Mikrodialysesonde zu der Sensorzelle.The invention relates to a microdialysis arrangement with an organicTissue insertable, a dialysis membrane for separating one with perfusion fluidacted upon probe channel opposite the tissueMicrodialysis probe, a sensor cell for preferably electrochemicalCollection of ingredients, especially glucose in the offthe microdialysis probe and perfusion fluid and a conveyorto convey the perfusion liquid through the probe channelthe microdialysis probe to the sensor cell.

Bei einer aus der WO 97/42868 bekannten Meßanordnung dieser Art weistdie Fördereinrichtung eine der im Körpergewebe eingebetteten Mikrodialysesondenachgeordnete Dialysatpumpe auf, mittels welcher Perfusionsflüssigkeitaus einem Reservoir durch die Sonde hindurch angesaugt und unterBildung von Dialysat an die extrakorporal angeordnete Sensorzelle weitergeleitetwird. Bei dieser Saugförderung ist der Betriebsdruck der Pumpe entsprechenddes gewünschten Förderstroms zur Überwindung der Strömungshindemissein dem Saugzweig eingestellt. Aufgrund der kleinlumigenDurchflußquerschnitte ergibt sich damit eine nennenswerte negative Druckdifferenz(Unterdruck) der Perfusionsflüssigkeit in dem Sondenkanal gegenüberder interstitiellen Flüssigkeit. Dies hat zur Folge, daß Gewebeflüssigkeitgleichsam durch Ultrafiltration über die Dialysemembran in die Sonde gesaugtwird. Beiin vitro Versuchen konnte sogar beobachtet werden, daß diegesamte Lösung am Auslaß der Sonde aus der Ultrafiltration stammt. BeimSaugbetrieb entspricht die tatsächliche Flußrate der die Mikrodialysesondeverlassenden Dialysatlösung zwar dem eingestellten Wert, aber die Herkunftder Flüssigkeit (Ultrafiltrat aus dem Körpergewebe oder Perfusat) ist ungewiß.Als weiterer Nachteil kommt hinzu, daß die Funktion der Dialysemembran durch ein negatives Druckgefälle beeinträchtigt werden kann. Insbesonderekann dies dazu führen, daß die aktive Austauschfläche durch gewebeseitigeAnlagerung von Makromolekülen oder durch bauartbedingteGegebenheiten reduziert und somit auch die Dialysatgewinnung verringertwird.In a measuring arrangement of this type known from WO 97/42868, the conveying device has a dialysate pump arranged downstream of the microdialysis probe embedded in the body tissue, by means of which perfusion fluid is drawn in from a reservoir through the probe and passed on to the extracorporeally arranged sensor cell with the formation of dialysate. With this suction delivery, the operating pressure of the pump is set in accordance with the desired delivery flow in order to overcome the flow obstacles in the suction branch. Due to the small-lumen flow cross-sections, there is a noteworthy negative pressure difference (negative pressure) of the perfusion liquid in the probe channel compared to the interstitial liquid. The result of this is that tissue fluid is sucked into the probe through the dialysis membrane by means of ultrafiltration. Inin vitro experiments it was even observed that the entire solution at the outlet of the probe comes from ultrafiltration. In suction operation, the actual flow rate of the dialysate solution leaving the microdialysis probe corresponds to the set value, but the origin of the liquid (ultrafiltrate from the body tissue or perfusate) is uncertain. Another disadvantage is that the function of the dialysis membrane can be impaired by a negative pressure drop. In particular, this can result in the active exchange surface being reduced by the addition of macromolecules on the tissue side or by design-related conditions, and thus the dialysate recovery is also reduced.

Umgekehrt stellt sich bei einer Druckförderung der Perfusionsflüssigkeitdurch eine Perfusatpumpe im Zuleitungszweig der Mikrodialysesonde dasProblem, daß aufgrund des erforderlichen Überdrucks Perfusionsflüssigkeit,also im wesentlichen Wasser über die Dialysemembran in das Gewebe austritt.Nachteilig wirkt sich dabei aus, daß die Gewebeflüssigkeit um die Sondeherum verdünnt wird, die Diffusion der Gewebeglucose in den Sondenkanalhinein im Gegenstrom gegen die Wassermoleküle erfolgen muß und dieauslaßseitige Flußrate der Perfusionsflüssigkeit aufgrund des Flüssigkeitsverlustsunbestimmt ist. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß bei einemAusfall der Pumpe die Gefahr besteht, daß im Auslaßzweig zudosierte Reagenzlösungüber die Mikrodialysesonde eventuell in das Körpergewebe gelangt.Conversely, when the perfusion fluid is conveyed to pressurethrough a perfusate pump in the supply branch of the microdialysis probeProblem that due to the required excess pressure perfusion fluid,essentially water emerges into the tissue through the dialysis membrane.The disadvantage here is that the tissue fluid around the probeis diluted around, the diffusion of tissue glucose into the probe channelin countercurrent against the water molecules and theoutlet flow rate of perfusion fluid due to fluid lossis indefinite. Another disadvantage is that with oneFailure of the pump there is a risk that reagent solution metered into the outlet branchmay get into the body tissue via the microdialysis probe.

Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die genanntenNachteile zu beseitigen und eine Mikrodialyseanordnung der eingangs angegebenenArt dahingehend zu verbessern, daß eine zuverlässige und definierteDialysefunktion gegeben ist.Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the objectEliminate disadvantages and a microdialysis arrangement of the aforementionedArt to improve in a way that is reliable and definedDialysis function is given.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebeneMerkmalskombination vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen undWeiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.To solve this problem, that specified in claim 1Characteristic combination proposed. Advantageous configurations andFurther developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

Der Kern der Erfindung liegt darin, zur Optimierung der Diffusionsvorgängeüber die Dialysemembran eine kombinierte Druck-Saug-Förderung der Perfusionsflüssigkeit vorzusehen. Dementsprechend wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen,daß die Fördereinrichtung eine druckseitig mit dem Einlaß desSondenkanals verbundene Druckpumpeinheit sowie eine saugseitig mit demAuslaß des Sondenkanals verbundene und simultan mit der Druckpumpeinheitbetriebene Saugpumpeinheit aufweist. Damit läßt sich ein gewünschtesDruckniveau zwischen dem positiven Ausgangsdruck der Druckpumpeinheitund dem negativen Eingangsdruck der Saugpumpeinheit gezielt im Bereichder Dialysemembran einstellen. Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei die Druckpumpeinheitdruckseitig ausschließlich mit dem Einlaß und die Saugpumpeinheitsaugseitig ausschließlich mit dem Auslaß des Sondenkanals verbunden.Dies läßt sich dadurch realisieren, daß die Druckpumpeinheit und die Saugpumpeinheitüber jeweils eine vorzugsweise durch einen Schlauch gebildeteabzweigungsfreie Leitung mit dem Sondenkanal der Mikrodialysesonde verbundensind. Auf diese Weise werden definierte Strömungsverhältnisse gewährleistet,und es wird sichergestellt, daß die Durchflußmenge durch jedenDurchflußquerschnitt in der jeweiligen Leitung in der gleichen Zeiteinheitgleich groß ist.The essence of the invention is to optimize the diffusion processesA combined pressure-suction delivery of the perfusion liquid via the dialysis membraneprovided. Accordingly, the invention proposesthat the conveyor on the pressure side with the inlet of theProbe channel connected pressure pump unit and a suction side with theOutlet of the probe channel connected and simultaneous with the pressure pump unitoperated suction pump unit. This can be a desiredPressure level between the positive outlet pressure of the pressure pump unitand the negative inlet pressure of the suction pump unit specifically in the rangethe dialysis membrane. The pressure pump unit is advantageous herepressure side exclusively with the inlet and the suction pump unitonly connected on the suction side to the outlet of the probe channel.This can be achieved in that the pressure pump unit and the suction pump unitvia one each, preferably formed by a hosebranch-free line connected to the probe channel of the microdialysis probeare. In this way, defined flow conditions are guaranteedand it is ensured that the flow rate through eachFlow cross-section in the respective line in the same time unitis the same size.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführung sieht vor, daß die Fördermengen der DruckundSaugpumpeinheit zur Reduzierung des über die Dialysemembran wirksamenDifferenzdrucks zwischen Perfusions- und Gewebeflüssigkeit aufeinanderabgestimmt und vorzugsweise im wesentlichen gleich sind. Damit wirdein Gleichgewicht auf niederem Druckniveau zwischen der Perfusionsflüssigkeitund der Gewebeflüssigkeit über die Dialysemembran erreicht, so daßkeine Ultrafiltration auftritt und sowohl die Herkunft der Lösung, welche denSondenkanal verläßt, als auch deren Fördermenge bzw. Flußrate bekanntund definiert ist. Dadurch wird auch sichergestellt, daß die Glucose alleindurch Diffusion durch die Dialysemembran hindurchtritt. Zugleich wird eineAnsaugung der Membran an das Sondenlumen verhindert und somit diewirksame Membranfläche aufrecht erhalten.A preferred embodiment provides that the delivery rates of the pressure andSuction pump unit to reduce the effective over the dialysis membraneDifferential pressure between perfusion and tissue fluid on each otherare coordinated and preferably substantially the same. So that willa low pressure balance between the perfusion fluidand the tissue fluid reached through the dialysis membrane so thatno ultrafiltration occurs and both the origin of the solution, which theLeaves probe channel, as well as their flow rate or flow rate knownand is defined. This also ensures that the glucose alonediffuses through the dialysis membrane. At the same timePrevents suction of the membrane on the probe lumen and thus themaintain effective membrane area.

Aufgrund des Druck-Saug-Betriebs ist es möglich, den Dialyseprozeß beigeringen Perfusionsgeschwindigkeiten ablaufen zu lassen. Vorteilhafterweisebeträgt die Fördermenge der Druck- und Saugpumpeinheit weniger als1 µl, vorzugsweise weniger als 0,1 µl in der Minute.Due to the pressure-suction operation, it is possible to assist in the dialysis processto let slow perfusion speeds run. advantageously,the delivery rate of the pressure and suction pump unit is less than1 µl, preferably less than 0.1 µl per minute.

Im Langzeitbetrieb ist es günstig, wenn die Druckpumpeinheit saugseitig miteinem Reservoir für Perfusionsflüssigkeit verbunden ist, während die Saugpumpeinheitdruckseitig mit einer vorzugsweise in einen Auffangbehältermündenden Durchflußkammer der Sensorzelle verbunden ist. Die Sensorzelle bzw. Sensoreinheit weist dabei eine in die Durchflußkammer eingreifendeelektrochemisch arbeitende Elektrodenanordnung auf, mit der in ansich bekannter Weise ein mit dem Glucosegehalt des Dialysats korreliertesMeßsignal erfaßbar ist. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich, daß die Saugpumpeinheitder Sensorzelle nachgeordnet ist, so daß die Durchflußkammerin die Saugstrecke einbezogen ist.In long-term operation, it is advantageous if the pressure pump unit is included on the suction sidea reservoir for perfusion fluid is connected while the suction pump unitpressure side with a preferably in a collecting containeropening flow chamber of the sensor cell is connected. The sensorCell or sensor unit has an engaging in the flow chamberelectrochemically working electrode arrangement with which inis known to correlate with the glucose content of the dialysateMeasurement signal is detectable. Basically, it is also possible that the suction pump unitis arranged downstream of the sensor cell, so that the flow chamberis included in the suction path.

Zur chemischen Aufbereitung des Dialysats kann eine Reagenzpumpeinheitvorgesehen sein, mittels welcher sich eine Reagenzlösung, insbesondereEnzymlösung stromaufwärts der Sensorzelle in die Perfusionsflüssigkeit zudosierenläßt. Eine weitere Verbesserung auch im Hinblick auf die Verringerungdes Kontaminationsrisikos wird dadurch erreicht, daß die Reagenzpumpeinheitund die Saugpumpeinheit druckseitig vorzugsweise über ein Y-Verbindungsstückan eine zu der Sensorzelle führende Verbindungsleitungangeschlossen sind.A reagent pump unit can be used to chemically process the dialysatebe provided, by means of which a reagent solution, in particularDose the enzyme solution upstream of the sensor cell into the perfusion liquidleaves. Another improvement also in terms of reductionthe risk of contamination is achieved in that the reagent pump unitand the suction pump unit on the pressure side preferably via a Y-connectorto a connecting line leading to the sensor cellare connected.

Eine gerätetechnisch vorteilhafte Ausführung sieht vor, daß die Druckpumpeinheit,die Saugpumpeinheit und gegebenenfalls die Reagenzpumpeinheitdurch jeweils einen über einen gemeinsamen Rollkolben betätigbarenPumpschlauch einer mehrkanaligen Schlauchpumpe gebildet sind.An advantageous embodiment in terms of device technology provides that the pressure pump unit,the suction pump unit and possibly the reagent pump unitby one each operable via a common rolling pistonPump hose of a multi-channel hose pump are formed.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Mikrodialysesonde durch einen doppellumigen Kathetergebildet, der im Bereich seines distalen Endes eine außenseitig in dasGewebe eingebettete und innenseitig mit Perfusionsflüssigkeit beaufschlagte,vorzugsweise als Hohlfaser ausgebildete mikroporige Dialysemembranaufweist.The microdialysis probe is advantageously through a double-lumen catheterformed in the area of its distal end on the outside into theTissue embedded and perfusion fluid on the inside,preferably designed as a hollow fiber microporous dialysis membranehaving.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung in schematischerWeise dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die einzigeFigur zeigt ein Blockschaltbild einer Mikrodialyseanordnung zur Konzentrationsbestimmungvon Gewebeglucose.In the following, the invention is based on a schematic in the drawingEmbodiment illustrated way explained in more detail. The onlyFIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a microdialysis arrangement for determining the concentrationof tissue glucose.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Mikrodialyseanordnung besteht als amKörper eines Patienten portables Meßsystem im wesentlichen aus einer indas Körpergewebe 10 einsetzbaren Mikrodialysesonde 12, einer der Mikrodialysesondenachgeordneten Sensorzelle 14 und einer Fördereinrichtung16 zum Transport von Perfusionsflüssigkeit durch die Mikrodialysesonde 12hindurch zu der Sensorzelle 14.The microdialysis arrangement shown in the drawing exists asBody of a patient portable measuring system essentially from one inthebody tissue 10insertable microdialysis probe 12, one of the microdialysis probedownstream sensor cell 14 and aconveyor16 for transporting perfusion liquid through themicrodialysis probe 12through to thesensor cell 14.

Die Mikrodialysesonde 12 bildet als doppellumiger Katheter einen Sondenkanal18, der über einen Einlaß 20 der Innenkanüle 22 und einen Auslaß24 der konzentrischen Außenkanüle 26 durchströmbar ist, wobei die Innenkanüle22 an ihrem distalen Ende mit der Außenkanüle 26 kommuniziert. Indiesem Bereich ist eine als Hohlfaser ausgebildete Dialysemembran 28 angeordnet,welche den Sondenkanal 18 von dem umgebenden Gewebe 10trennt und aufgrund ihrer mikroskopischen Porosität einen Diffusionsaustauschvon Glucose zwischen der Gewebeflüssigkeit und der durch denSondenkanal 18 hindurchgeleiteten Perfusionsflüssigkeit unter Gewinnungvon Dialysat ermöglicht. Geeignete Mikrodialysesonden dieser Art sind insbesondereaus der DE-A 33 42 170 bzw. US-PS 4,694,832 bekannt undkönnen von der in Solna, Schweden ansässigen Firma CMA/Microdialysis AB unter der Bezeichnung "CMA 60 Microdialysis Catheter" bzw. "CMA 70Brain Microdialysis Catheter" erworben werden.Themicrodialysis probe 12 forms a probe channel as a double-lumen catheter18, which has aninlet 20 of theinner cannula 22 and anoutlet24 of the concentricouter cannula 26 can be flowed through, theinner cannula22 communicates with theouter cannula 26 at its distal end. Inadialysis membrane 28 designed as a hollow fiber is arranged in this area,which separates theprobe channel 18 from the surroundingtissue 10separates and due to their microscopic porosity a diffusion exchangeof glucose between the tissue fluid and that through theProbe channel 18 passed perfusion fluid under recoveryenabled by dialysate. Suitable microdialysis probes of this type are in particularknown from DE-A 33 42 170 and US-PS 4,694,832 andcan be obtained from CMA / Microdialysis, based in Solna, SwedenAB under the designation "CMA 60 Microdialysis Catheter" or "CMA 70Brain Microdialysis Catheter ".

Zur kombinierten Druck- und Saugförderung der Perfusionsflüssigkeit weistdie Fördereinrichtung 16 eine Druckpumpeinheit 30 und eine Saugpumpeinheit31 auf. Die Druckpumpeinheit 30 ist saugseitig über eine Zuleitung 32mit einem Perfusionsflüssigkeit, beispielsweise Ringer-Lösung enthaltendenReservoir 34 und druckseitig über eine Druckleitung 36 mit dem Einlaß 20des Sondenkanals 18 verbunden. Die Saugpumpeinheit 31 ist saugseitigüber eine Saugleitung 38 mit dem Auslaß 24 des Sondenkanals 18 verbundenund speist die abgesaugte Perfusionsflüssigkeit druckseitig über ein Y-Verbindungsstück40 in eine zu der Sensorzelle 14 führende Verbindungsleitung42. Das Verbindungsstück 40 ermöglicht die Zumischung einer Reagenzlösung,insbesondere Enzymlösung zur enzymatisch katalysierten Oxidationder im Dialysat enthaltenen Gewebeglucose. Zu diesem Zweck weistdie Fördereinrichtung 16 eine Reagenzpumpeinheit 44 auf, die saugseitig miteinem Reagenzlösungsreservoir 46 und druckseitig mit dem zweiten Anschlußdes Verbindungsstücks 40 verbunden ist. Zweckmäßig sind dieDruckpumpeinheit 30, die Saugpumpeinheit 31 und die Reagenzpumpeinheit44 durch jeweils einen Pumpschlauch einer einzelnen Schlauchpumpe gebildet,so daß die Pumpschläuche über einen mittels Motor 48 angetriebenenRollkolben 50 gemeinsam betätigbar sind. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich,mit immobilisierten Enzymen beschichtete Sensoren zu verwenden (vgl.DE-A-41 30 742), womit zwar auf die Zumischung einer Reagenzlösung verzichtetwerden kann, jedoch Driftprobleme auftreten können.For combined pressure and suction delivery of the perfusion fluidtheconveyor 16, apressure pump unit 30 and asuction pump unit31 on. Thepressure pump unit 30 is on the suction side via afeed line 32with a perfusion liquid, for example Ringer'ssolutionReservoir 34 and pressure side via apressure line 36 to the inlet 20thof theprobe channel 18 connected. Thesuction pump unit 31 is on the suction sideconnected to theoutlet 24 of theprobe channel 18 via asuction line 38and feeds the aspirated perfusion fluid on the pressure side via a Y-connector40 into a connecting line leading to thesensor cell 1442. The connectingpiece 40 enables a reagent solution to be admixed,especially enzyme solution for enzymatically catalyzed oxidationthe tissue glucose contained in the dialysate. For this purpose pointstheconveying device 16 has a reagent pump unit 44 which is also on the suction sideareagent solution reservoir 46 and on the pressure side with the second connectionof theconnector 40 is connected. They are usefulPressure pump unit 30, thesuction pump unit 31 and the reagent pump unit44 each formed by a pump hose of an individual hose pump,so that the pump tubing is driven by amotor 48Roller piston 50 can be actuated together. In principle, it is also possibleto use sensors coated with immobilized enzymes (cf.DE-A-41 30 742), thus dispensing with the addition of a reagent solutioncan occur, but drift problems can occur.

Die Verbindungsleitung 42 mündet in eine Durchflußkammer 52 der Sensorzelle14, welche ausgangsseitig mit einem Auffangbehälter 54 für die hindurchgeleitetePerfusionsflüssigkeit verbunden ist. Die elektrochemisch arbeitendeSensorzelle 14 weist eine in die Durchflußkammer 52 eingreifendeElektrodenanordnung 56 auf, deren Ausgangssignale als Maß für den Glukosegehalt des Dialysats an eine nicht gezeigte Auswerteeinrichtung übermittelbarsind. Einzelheiten der Meß- und Auswertetechnik sind beispielsweiseaus der DE 44 01 400 A1 an sich bekannt. Anstelle einer elektrochemischenMeßzelle sind auch Detektoreinheiten oder ggf. Sammeleinheiten mitdezentraler Sensorik denkbar, die auf einer anderen Meßtechnik, beispielsweiseoptischer Nachweistechnik beruhen.The connectingline 42 opens into aflow chamber 52 of thesensor cell14, which on the output side with acollecting container 54 for the passed throughPerfusion fluid is connected. The electrochemically workingSensor cell 14 has an engaging in theflow chamber 52Electrode arrangement 56, whose output signals as a measure of the glucose contentof the dialysate can be transmitted to an evaluation device, not shownare. Details of the measurement and evaluation technology are, for exampleknown from DE 44 01 400 A1. Instead of an electrochemicalMeasuring cells are also detector units or, if applicable, collection units withdecentralized sensor technology conceivable based on another measurement technique, for exampleoptical detection technology.

Die Pumpeinheiten 30, 31 sind über die Schlauchleitungen 36, 38 direkt, d.h.abzweigungsfrei mit der Mikrodialysesonde 12 verbunden. Dadurch ist einsimultaner Druck-Saug-Betrieb möglich, bei welchem die Perfusionsflüssigkeitunter getrennter Überwindung bzw. spezifischem Ausgleich der Strömungswiderständeder Druckleitung 36 und der Saugleitung 38 gefördertwird, wobei typischerweise die Leitungslänge im Bereich von einigen 10 cmund der Innendurchmesser bei 0,1 mm liegt. Die Perfusionsflüssigkeit läßtsich damit ohne Druckgefälle gegenüber der Gewebeflüssigkeit gleichsamdrucklos an der Dialysemembran 28 vorbeiführen. Hierzu werden die Fördermengender Pumpeinheiten 30, 31 und damit die ein- und auslaßseitigenFlußraten der Perfusionsflüssigkeit auf denselben Wert, beispielsweise 0,3µl/min eingestellt. Auf diese Weise wird sichergestellt, daß kein ungewollterFlüssigkeitsdurchtritt durch die Dialysemembran 28 stattfindet, und daß einedefiniert einstellbare Flüssigkeitsmenge in der Zeiteinheit die Mikrodialysesonde12 durchströmt. Ein Stoffaustausch zwischen der Perfusionsflüssigkeitund dem die Mikrodialysesonde 12 umgebenden Gewebe 10 wird auf dieseWeise im wesentlichen auf Diffusionsprozesse beschränkt und Flüssigkeitsströmezwischen Innen- und Außenraum werden weitestgehend vermieden.Soweit sich in einem einfachen Aufbau Förderdifferenzen zwischen DruckundSaugpumpe nicht vollständig vermeiden lassen, kann es vorteilhaft sein,wenn die Förderrate der Druckpumpe geringfügig über der Förderrate derSaugpumpe liegt, so daß eine ungewollte Ultrafiltration vermieden wird.Thepump units 30, 31 are direct via thehose lines 36, 38, i.e.connected to themicrodialysis probe 12 without branches. This is aSimultaneous pressure-suction operation possible, in which the perfusion liquidwith separate overcoming or specific compensation of the flow resistancesthepressure line 36 and thesuction line 38 promoted, with the line length typically in the range of a few 10 cmand the inside diameter is 0.1 mm. The perfusion fluid leavesthus, as it were, without pressure drop compared to the tissue fluidGuide thedialysis membrane 28 without pressure. For this, the delivery ratesof thepump units 30, 31 and thus the inlet and outlet sidesFlow rates of the perfusion liquid to the same value, for example 0.3µl / min set. This ensures that no unwantedLiquid passage through thedialysis membrane 28 takes place, and that aThe microdialysis probe defines the adjustable amount of liquid in thetime unit12 flows through. A mass transfer between the perfusion fluidand thetissue 10 surrounding themicrodialysis probe 12 is placed thereonWay essentially limited to diffusion processes and liquid flowsbetween inside and outside are largely avoided.So far, in a simple structure, there are differences in pressure between pressure andNot completely avoid suction pump, it can be advantageousif the delivery rate of the pressure pump is slightly above the delivery rate of theSuction pump is located so that unwanted ultrafiltration is avoided.

Claims (13)

  1. Microdialysis system comprising a microdialysis probe (12) that can beinserted in organic tissue (10) and has a dialysis membrane (28) to separate aprobe channel (18) filled with perfusion fluid from the tissue (10), a sensorcell (14) for the preferably electrochemical detection of components andespecially glucose in the perfusion fluid that is conveyed from themicrodialysis probe (12) and a transport device (16) to convey the perfusionfluid through the probe channel (18) of the microdialysis probe (12) to thesensor cell (14), the transport device (16) having a suction pump unit (31)connected on the suction side to the outlet (24) of the probe channel (18),characterized in that the transport device (16) further has a pressure pumpunit (30) connected on the pressure side to the inlet (20) of the probe channel(18) and being operated simultaneously with the suction pump unit (31).
EP01116277A2000-08-042001-07-05Microdialysis deviceExpired - LifetimeEP1177759B1 (en)

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DE10038835ADE10038835B4 (en)2000-08-042000-08-04 Microdialysis system

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US20020082490A1 (en)2002-06-27
ES2230215T3 (en)2005-05-01
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ATE279877T1 (en)2004-11-15
DE50104184D1 (en)2004-11-25
US6591126B2 (en)2003-07-08
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DE10038835B4 (en)2005-07-07
EP1177759A1 (en)2002-02-06

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