
La présente invention concerne une source d'illumination pour antenne de télécommunications.The present invention relates to an illumination source for a telecommunications antenna.
Le développement des télécommunications, notamment par satellite (Réception et Emission de données, Réception TV) exige des antennes d'excellentes performances.The development of telecommunications, in particular by satellite (Reception and Transmission of data, Reception TV) requires antennas of excellent performances.
Pour assurer ces performances d'ensemble, il faut une source d'illumination à symétrie de révolution et ayant de bonnes caractéristiques de polarisation.To ensure these overall performances, an illumination source with symmetry of revolution and having good polarization characteristics is required.
Néanmoins, la multiplication des utilisateurs potentiels amène à concevoir des produits au coût très bas.However, the multiplication of potential users leads to the design of very low cost products.
Les sources d'illumination classiques, offrant des diagrammes avec une bonne symétrie de révolution du type cornet corrugué présentent l'inconvénient d'être très coûteuses à réaliser.Conventional sources of illumination, offering diagrams with good symmetry of revolution of the corrugated horn type, have the drawback of being very expensive to produce.
Les sources d'illumination à pièges classiques qui présentent l'avantage d'être plus économiques à réaliser sont à directivité faible mais suffisante pour illuminer un réflecteur de type parabolique. Elles sont constituées de pièces présentant un axe de symétrie (guide circulaire, piège....) et doivent être alimentées par un guide d'onde rectangulaire standard. Cette alimentation est réalisée par une transition soit continue, soit par pas.The sources of illumination with conventional traps which have the advantage of being more economical to produce are of low directivity but sufficient to illuminate a reflector of the parabolic type. They are made up of parts with an axis of symmetry (circular guide, trap, etc.) and must be supplied by a standard rectangular waveguide. This feeding is carried out by a transition either continuous or by step.
Ainsi une demande de brevet d'invention français publiée sous le numéro 2 096 684 décrit un dispositif de couplage d'un guide d'onde circulaire à un réflecteur parabolique de révolution qui comprend un guide circulaire, excité selon le mode TE11 dont une première extrémité se trouve au foyer de ce réflecteur, et dont l'autre extrémité est reliée à un guide d'onde rectangulaire. Une cavité annulaire cylindrique incomplète entoure la première extrémité du guide. Un élément de transition, formé d'une suite de tronçons de guide d'onde de formes et de dimensions variant progressivement, réalise la liaison avec le guide d'onde rectangulaire.
Mais une transition continue doit être longue pour avoir de bonnes caractéristiques d'adaptation. Une transition par pas, telle que décrite dans le document cité plus haut, permet de réduire la longueur mais est difficile à fabriquer par des technologies à faible coût.Thus a French patent application published under the number 2 096 684 describes a device for coupling a circular waveguide to a parabolic reflector of revolution which comprises a circular guide, excited according to TE11 mode, a first end of which is at the focus of this reflector, and the other end of which is connected to a rectangular waveguide. An incomplete cylindrical annular cavity surrounds the first end of the guide. A transition element, formed of a series of waveguide sections of gradually varying shapes and dimensions, connects to the rectangular waveguide.
But a continuous transition must be long to have good adaptation characteristics. A step transition, as described in the document cited above, makes it possible to reduce the length but is difficult to manufacture by technologies at low cost.
La présente invention a pour but de pallier ces inconvénients.The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
Elle propose à cet effet une source d'illumination pour antenne de télécommunication comprenant :
Une telle source présente le grand avantage d'être une source d'illumination large bande (10,7 - 12,75 GHz) conçue pour éclairer un réflecteur d'antenne et ce, avec des performances radioélectriques de très haut niveau, des performances mécaniques et climatiques satisfaisant à des exigences très sévères et dont le développement industriel fait appel à des technologies économiques. L'invention permet, en effet, de réaliser, par moulage, une pièce entièrement intégrée et présente donc un coût bien moindre par rapport aux sources de l'art antérieur obtenues par électroformage ou électroérosion.Such a source has the great advantage of being a broadband illumination source (10.7 - 12.75 GHz) designed to illuminate an antenna reflector and this, with very high level radio performance, mechanical performance and climatic conditions that meet very severe requirements and whose industrial development calls for economic technologies. The invention makes it possible, in fact, to produce, by molding, a fully integrated part and therefore has a much lower cost compared to the sources of the prior art obtained by electroforming or EDM.
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :
La source 10 selon l'invention est un guide qui, à sa première extrémité, possède une ouverture circulaire 11, et, à son autre extrémité, possède une ouverture rectangulaire 12.The
Elle comprend :
Cette source sera décrite de manière plus précise en allant de sa première extrémité à sa deuxième extrémité.This source will be described more precisely going from its first end to its second end.
Extérieurement cette source 10 comprend :
Intérieurement cette source 10 comprend six pas 22, 23, 24, 25, 25 et 27 symétriques par rapport à deux plans P1 et P2 de coupe perpendiculaires et dont la taille va en diminuant progressivement à partir de l'ouverture circulaire 11 pour atteindre celle de la deuxième extrémité rectangulaire 12. Elle comprend donc :
La partie 28 extérieure à la source correspond à l'endroit où on coule la matière entre deux formes servant au moulage.The
En effet, cette source peut être réalisée selon un procédé de fabrication comprenant :
Dans le cas où la matière moulable est un matériau diélectrique, il y a ensuite une étape de métallisation par exemple avec du nickel.In the case where the moldable material is a dielectric material, there is then a metallization step, for example with nickel.
Les outils de moulage sont, par exemple, réalisés dans un acier spécial. Ils comportent plusieurs parties mobiles dont les principales sont :
Selon le procédé de moulage choisi, un système d'alimentation en matière moulable (aluminium ou époxy par exemple) permet le remplissage de la pièce à l'intérieur des outils de moulage.Depending on the molding process chosen, a supply system of moldable material (aluminum or epoxy for example) allows the part to be filled inside the molding tools.
Un système de pièces mobiles d'éjection de la pièce moulée, connu de l'homme de l'art, permet d'extraire cette pièce des moules sans la déformer, conservant ainsi toutes ses caractéristiques géométriques.A system of movable parts for ejecting the molded part, known to those skilled in the art, makes it possible to extract this part from the molds without deforming it, thus retaining all of its geometric characteristics.
L'invention présente le grand avantage de ne nécessiter aucune reprise en usinage. De plus sa conception radioélectrique et son procédé de fabrication sont adaptés à la moyenne série, voire la grande série, et permettent ainsi d'atteindre des niveaux de prix peu élevés. Un tel procédé de réalisation autorise, de plus, l'intégration sans surcoût d'un embout de pressurisation.The invention has the great advantage of requiring no rework in machining. In addition, its radioelectric design and its manufacturing process are suitable for the medium series, even the large series, and thus make it possible to reach low price levels. Such a production method also allows the integration, without additional cost, of a pressurization nozzle.
Un radôme de protection peut être fixé sur le plan d'ouverture de la partie circulaire 13 : Il peut, ainsi, s'opposer à la pénétration d'eau de ruissellement dans la source. Il sert également à boucher la source lorsqu'elle est pressurisée.A protective radome can be fixed on the opening plane of the circular part 13: It can thus oppose the penetration of runoff water into the source. It is also used to plug the source when it is pressurized.
Dans un exemple de réalisation, la source d'illumination 10, objet de l'invention, est constituée :
On obtient donc par exemple :
Du fait des pièges 14 et 15, cette source 10 a un diagramme de rayonnement bien symétrique : de l'ordre de - 10 dB aux environs de 50°.Due to the traps 14 and 15, this
Une telle source a un très bon rapport d'ondes stationnaires (ROS) de l'ordre de 1,07 pour des fréquences variant de 10,7 à 12,75 GHz, qu'elle soit réalisée en époxy métallisé ou en aluminium.Such a source has a very good standing wave ratio (ROS) of the order of 1.07 for frequencies varying from 10.7 to 12.75 GHz, whether made of metallized epoxy or aluminum.
L'invention permet d'obtenir une source rayonnante très compacte et directement raccordable à un guide rectangulaire standard. Elle permet, en outre, de réaliser la pièce par des moyens technologiques très économiques tels que :
Des sources d'illumination conformes à l'invention peuvent être réalisées selon des technologies de fabrication en série, par exemple :
Il est bien entendu que la présente invention n'a été décrite et représentée qu'à titre d'exemple préférentiel et que l'on pourra remplacer ses éléments constitutifs par des éléments équivalents sans, pour autant, sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is understood that the present invention has only been described and shown as a preferred example and that its constituent elements can be replaced by equivalent elements without, however, departing from the scope of the invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8617210AFR2607968B1 (en) | 1986-12-09 | 1986-12-09 | SOURCE OF ILLUMINATION FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ANTENNA |
| FR8617210 | 1986-12-09 |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0274074A2 EP0274074A2 (en) | 1988-07-13 |
| EP0274074A3 EP0274074A3 (en) | 1988-07-27 |
| EP0274074B1true EP0274074B1 (en) | 1992-07-08 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87118255AExpired - LifetimeEP0274074B1 (en) | 1986-12-09 | 1987-12-09 | Feeding radiator for a communications antenna |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4929962A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0274074B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS63161705A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3780287T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2607968B1 (en) |
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