EP0094839A1 - Dovetail base assembly for keyswitches - Google Patents

Abstract

Keyboard switch modules have connectors for attaching one module to another and to form a modular structural base assembly for constructing a custom key switch array which includes a foundation structural base module and a grouped keyswitch station arranged similarly to a typewriter key matrix. Accessory base modules of various keyswitch groupings can be attached to the foundation module to permit addition of accessory keys at virtually any location and in any desired number of switch modules. The keyboard switch module (45) or connectors are of the tongue-and-groove type, especially dovetail connectors formed by flanges (75) and recesses (77) on the modules. The modules include means for effecting an interference fit to interlock adjacent modules. Preferably this interlocking is achieved by means of crush ribs in the connector recesses which engage the connector flanges.

Description

Background of the Invention
• This invention is concerned with keyswitch modules which can be rigidly connected together to form a keyboard base assembly.
• In the rapidly growing computer industry, the keyboard of a computer terminal has become an element of concern because of its relatively high cost and the necessity of obtaining flexibility for the numerous applications in which it may be used. Keyboards generally comprise a structural base for housing and supporting the various elements of plural keyswitches. Each keyswitch includes a pair of contacts, a movable switch framework, and a biasing element which provides automatic separation of the contact upon release of the switch framework. The base in which the plural keyswitches are housed is typically a one-piece plastic molding having a plurality of individual receptacles for the plural keyswitch element. The keyswitch and base shown in Patent No. 3,751,618 is typical of such installations. The structural base is manufactured, typically by a molding process which requires a unique die corresponding in shape to each different keyboard configuration. Because the structural base supports and guides the elements of the keyswitch, it includes intricate shapes, and thus the molding dies are expensive.
• Because, in the prior art, the keyboard arrangement dictates the structural base configuration, keyboard designs must be carefully considered before a die is made. Once a structural base is designed and its die manufactured, it is very difficult and costly to change the keyboard configuration. Furthermore, it is highly impractical to modify keyboard structural bases which have already been manufactured. Thus, due to the difficulty of changing the structural base, the keyboard manufacturer is constrained, both from a design flexibility standpoint and with regard to modification of keyboard configurations after manufacture.
• For these reasons, it would be advantageous to provide a structural base design which did not suffer from these inadequacies, and which could be produced at low cost.
Summary of Invention
• This invention comprises a modular structural base assembly for constructing a custom keyswitch array. A foundation structural base module, having a conventional group of keyswitch locations, such as those of a typical typewriter keyboard, is provided as a basic building block upon which a desired keyboard configuration can be constructed. The periphery of the foundation module is provided with a plurality of coupling elements. Accessory base modules of various keyswitch groupings may be interlocked with the foundation module by corresponding coupling elements formed on the sides of each accessory module.
• The coupling elements interconnect to attach the accessory base modules of a desired keyswitch grouping at a desired location around the periphery of the foundation module to permit the keyboard manufacturer to add accessory keys at virtually any location and in any desired plurality around the periphery of the foundation module.
• Thus the invention provides a keyboard switch housing module comprising a receptacle for a keyswitch and a skirt around said receptacle, the skirt having connector means for attaching one of said keyboard switch modules to another, said connector means having means for restricting slight movement between attached modules. Preferably, the connecting means comprises a tongue and groove arrangement and each switch module has at least one flange for engagement with a recess on another keyboard swich module.
• In a preferred embodiment, coupling is accomplished by tongue-and-groove type couplers formed along the sides of each module. Each tongue or flange is preferrably shaped in a dovetail configuration for engagement with a mating dovetail shaped groove or recess to interlock adjacent modules. Coupling elements are positioned to replicate and continue the outwardly accessible couplers on the outer periphery of a foundation module, and attached accessory modules, for engagement with additional accessory base modules.
• The invention therefore also embraces a keyboard base assembly comprising a plurality of connected keyboard switch modules of the invention. Preferably, the switch modules in the assembly are connected together to form a standard keyswitch array as is used in a typical typewriter. This forms a foundation base module comprising a plurality of the switch modules for receiving and supporting keyswitch elements, the modules in the foundation base being grouped to form a standard typewriter key matrix. Optionally_/accessory base modules, each comprising at least one of said switch modules for receiving and supporting keyswitch elements, may be incorporated in the base assembly which may further include operably connected keyswitch elements.
• In a further embodiment of the invention, the keyswitch modules have means for restricting movement between connected modules so that the assembly is rigid and play between attached modules is prevented. The connections in the keyswitch modules include means for effectuating an interference fit upon engagement to securely interlock adjacent modules and provide dimensional stability among multiple interlocked modules. Preferably, the means for restricting movement comprises at least one crushed rib on the connector means, more preferably on the sidewalls of the grooves. Assembled modules may be disassembled and reused to form alternative keyboard configurations when desired.
• The modular structural base assembly provides custom keyboard manufacture through the use of standardized key base modules, thereby eliminating any need for custom built dies and tooling normally necessary for custom configurations. This allows great flexibility for keyboard designers and greatly reduced costs in keyboard manufacture. Thus, a manufacturer may offer designs without increased die costs and may offer future editions of selected key stations to an existing keyboard. The modular base configuration allows retro-fit of existing keyboard terminals with additional key stations, as the user requires, after any particular unit is assembled and put into use.
Brief Description of the Drawings
• Figure 1 is a top plan view of a foundation base module having 47 key stations integrally formed in a unitary structure;
• Figure 2 is a top, front perspective view of a single key station base module;
• ^- Figure 3 is a bottom, rear perspective view of the single key base module of Figure 2;
• Figure 4 is an enlarged, perspective view of an interlocking dovetail flange, as shown in Figures 1-3;
• Figure 5 is an enlarged, broken-away perspective view of a dovetail recess with a crush rib, as shown in Figures 2 and 3;
• Figure 6 is a section view of a dovetail flange taken along line 6-6 of Figure 4;
• Figure 7 is a section view of a dovetail recess with a crush rib, taken along line 7-7 of Figure 5;
• Figure 8 is a section view of a dovetail flange inserted into a dovetail recess to a position in which interference contact with a crush rib begins;
• Figure 9 is a section view of a dovetail recess and a dovetail flange depicting deformation of a crush rib during sliding engagement;
• Figure 10 is a section view of a dovetail recess and a dovetail flange depicting complete interlocking engagement with a completely deformed crushed rib;
• Figure 11 is a perspective view of an in-line 4-key station base module;
• Figure 12 is a top plan view of the module of Figure 11;
• Figure 13 is a top plan view of an accessory base module fitted to the second and third rows of a foundation module;
• Figure 14 is a top plan view of an accessory module fitted to the third and fourth row of a foundation base module;
• Figure 15 is a top plan view of an accessory module fitted to the fourth and fifth rows of a foundation module;
• Figure 16 is a top plan view of a lefthand, single key station base module;
• Figure 17 is a top plan view of a righthand, single key station base module;
• Figure 18 is a perspective view of a spacer module;
• Figure 19 is a top plan view of a single key station base module, including an integral spacing element.
Detailed Description of the Invention
• The preferred embodiment of the modular structural base assembly for constructing a keyboard array is shown in Figure 1 in the form of a typical typewriter keyboard. It will be recognized that the keyboard array may take any desired form, such as a calculator keyboard, etc. A basic array of keyswitch stations for a keyboard panel is provided byfoundation module 21. In this embodiment, thefoundation module 21 comprises 47 individualkey stations 23 formed as a unitary structural member. Afirst row 25 includes asingle keyswitch station 27 positioned for attachment of a spacing bar as in a common typewriter. Asecond row 29 includes ten keyswitch stations equally spaced and positioned symmetrically in relation to the first keyswitchstation 27. Athird row 21 includes eleven keyswitch stations equally spaced, with all stations offset in relation to the keyswitch stations of the precedingsecond row 29 by a distance of one-half the width of an individual keyswitch unit.
• Afourth row 33 of twelve equally spaced keyswitch stations is provided with each station offset to the left from thethird row 31 of keyswitch stations by a distance of one-fourth the width of an individual keyswitch unit. Finally, afifth row 35 of thirteen equally spaced keyswitch stations is included, offset from the precedingfourth row 33 by one-half the width of an individual keyswitch unit.
• Theperipheral sides 37 and 39 and peripheral rear 41 of thefoundation module 21 include a plurality ofmale dovetail flanges 43 or recesses for coupling accessory base modules to thefoundation module 21 to form a custom keyboard configuration. Various accessory structural base modules may be connected to thedovetail flanges 43 of thefoundation module 21. The simplest example is a single keyswitch station, shown in Figures 2 and 3.
• The array of keyswitch stations provided in thefoundation module 21 is typical of a normal typewriter keyboard, including lateral offset spacing between adjacent rows of keys. As will be apparent from the following description; this offset spacing creates unique problems in designing coupling accessory modules which will couple with thefoundation module 21 while maintaining proper spacing between adjacent rows.
• The singlekeyswitch base module 45, shown in Figures 2 and 3, has a generally rectangular configuration, and includes amidwall 47 extending horizontally between four vertical side skirts 49, 51, 53, 55, which define the outer periphery of thebase module 45. Four verticalcentral walls 57, 59, 61, 63, tower above themidwall 47 in generally perpendicular relation with themidwall 47 to form aninterior cavity 65 opening upwardly to accept and support keyswitch components (not shown). Theinterior cavity 65 is closed by afloor 67 which includesopenings 69 for positioning and holding switch contact terminals (not shown). Thefloor 67 is substantially below the lower edge of the skirts 49-55 to allow easy cleaning of residue remaining after soldering operations used to connect the keyswitch terminals with a printed circuit board. Small bores 70 are also provided in thefloor 67 for engagement of a fastener.
• Theinterior surface 71 of each central wall 57-63 within thecavity 65 is provided with agroove 73 for slidably mounting a key frame (not shown) within thecavity 65 for operation of the switch contact set. Themodule 45 may be connected to a printed circuit board, with fasteners attached between the board and thebores 70, and with electrical connectors made through theopening 69.
• The periphery of theskirts 51 and 55 include dovetail shaped tongues orflanges 75. Similarly, dovetail shaped grooves or recesses 77 are formed in the remainingskirts 49 and 53. The dovetail flanges 75 on thebase 45 are identical to thedovetail flanges 43 on the foundation module 21 (of Figure 1). Thus, thedovetail flanges 75 and recesses 77 are provided to couple adjacent base modules and rigidly constrain them to provide a custom- configured assembly.
• Eachdovetail flange 43, 75, is shaped to slidingly engage amating dovetail recess 77 so that coupling of adjacent modules can be accomplished. The detailed shape of thedovetail coupling elements 43, 75, and 77 is shown in Figures 4-7.
• First with reference to Figures 4 and 6, amale dovetail flange 43, 75, is shown protruding from the surface 79 of either theskirt 51 or 55 (of Figures 2 and 3) of a singlekeyswitch base module 45, or of the periphery of the foundation module 21 (of Figure 1). A raisedsurface 81 is provided that is spaced from and parallel to the surface 79. A pair ofside walls 83 and 85 extend between the raisedsurface 81 and the surface 79. Theside walls 83 and 85 form an acute angle with both the surface 79 and the raisedsurface 81. Thus, as shown in Figure 6, theflange 43, 75, is trapezoidal in section. The raisedsurface 81 is also trapezoidal, such that theside walls 83 and 85 are closer to one another at the upper end of theflange 43, 75, than at the lower end thereof. This shape permits a loose fit of theflange 43, 75 within adovetail recess 77 whenrecess 77 is initially positioned over the top of theflange 43, 75, and a tight fit as thedovetail recess 77 is moved downwardly over theflange 43, 75.
• Thefemale dovetail recess 77 which is formed in theskirts 49, 53 of thebase module 45, is shown in Figures 5 and 7. A recessedwall 89 is parallel to and spaced from thesurface 41 of theskirt 49, 53 at the periphery of thebase module 45. A pair ofside walls 93 and 95 extend between theskirt surface 91 and a recessedwall 89. Theside walls 93, 95 form an acute angle with both thesurface 91 and a recessedsurface 89. Thus, as shown in Figure 7, thedovetail recess 77 is trapezoidal in section bounded an open end 78 for receivingdovetail flange 43 and an abutment 80 at the opposite end ofdovetail recess 77 for vertically seatingdovetail flange 43. The recessedsurface 89 is also trapezoidal, such that theside walls 93, 95 are closer to one another at the lower end ofrecess 77 than at the upper end thereof. Thewalls 93 and 95 provide a bearing surface facing substantially inwardly toward the interior ofrecess 77 to restrain lateral movement of adjacent modules when they are interconnected. The recessedwall 89 andside walls 93 and 95 form a dovetail shapedopening 97 in the bottom edge 99 of theskirts 49, 53, to acceptamating dovetail flange 43, 75.
• Eachside wall 93 and 95 is provided with a crush rib means which restrict slight movement in the interconnection between the flange and recess.
• The crush rib protrudes from the surface of the..side wall and extends along its length from the edge 99 of theskirt 49, 53 to anend wall 103 at the opposing end of thedovetail recess 77.Crush rib 101 provides an interference fit with amating dovetail flange 43, 75 within thedovetail recess 77 when theflange 43, 75 is fully engaged within thedovetail recess 77.
• Crush rib 101 is a primary load bearing member which frictionally interlocks theflange 43 andrecess 77. Frictional interlock is distributed along the length of the crush ribs when the flange is engaged in engaged in vertically taperedrecess 77. Upon sliding engagement of theflange 43 intodovetail recess 77 the crush rib is deformable as to ensure rigid mating of thedovetail flange 43 and the vertically tapereddovetail recess 77. Thecrush rib 101 thus provides interfering engagement between thedovetail flange 43 and thedovetail recess 77.
• Thecrush rib 101 is preferably of triangular cross- sectional shape, withsides 105, 107 lying in planes which converge at a 60° angle to form a ridge raised approximately 0.010 inches above theside wall 93, 95 of therecess 77, and positioned outwardly from the recessedwall 89 by a distance three-fourths of the width of theside wall 93, 95.
• The action of the crush rib in providing an interference fit between mateddovetail elements 43, 75, and 77 is shown in Figures 8-10. These figures are taken along line 7-7 of Figure 5 as theflange 77 ofrecess 43, 75 is moved downwardly over themating flange 43, 75. First, Figure 8 shows thedovetail flange 43, 75 just engaging with thecrush ribs 101 protruding from thewalls 93, 95 of thedovetail recess 77. As force is applied to further slide thedovetail flange 43, 75 within thedovetail recess 77, thecrush ribs 101 are deformed and peened over as shown in Figure 9, engaging and indenting theside walls 83, 85 of thedovetail flange 43, 75. When thedovetail flange 43, 75 is fully engaged within itsmating recess 77, thecrush ribs 101 are maximally deformed and further indent theside wall 83, 85 of thedovetail flange 43, 75 to provide a strong frictional bond therebetween, as shown in Figure 10. This interference fit betweendovetail flange 43, 75 and thedovetail recess 77 forces the raisedsurface 81 of thedovetail flange 43, 75 against the recessedwall 89 of thedovetail recess 77.
• The use ofcrush ribs 101 to provide an interference fit betweendovetail coupling elements 43, 75, 77 allows a wider range of dimensional tolerance in manufacture of the base modules.
• Mating shapes of adovetail recess 77 and thedovetail flange 43, 75 provide a secure fit when fully slidingly engaged. In this configuration, theside walls 83 and 85 of thedovetail flange 43, 75 are unable to disengage theside walls 93 and 95 of thedovetail recess 77 in response to the application of lateral force between coupled base modules. Only sliding movement, of substantial force, in a direction opposite to insertion, will allow uncoupling of such base modules.
• Foundation base module 21, shown in Figure 1, is provided withmale dovetail flanges 43 along its periphery so that accessory base modules such as the single keyswitch base module of Figures 2 and 3 may be easily coupled to it by downwardly sliding dovetail recesses 77 of an accessory base module over thedovetail flanges 43. This modular arrangement provides adaptability in allowing engagement of an accessory module to the assembled keyboard, even after a printed circuit board had been permanently attached, thereby allowing addition of accessory base modules to completely assembled keyboards. The rigidly coupled base modules maintain dimensional accuracy between key stations throughout the assembled keyboard through the interference fit of thedovetail coupling elements 43, 75 and 77.
• Each accessory base module is provided withdovetail flanges 75 on two adjacent sides, and dovetail recesses 77 on the remaining two adjacent sides. Such a configuration is shown for the single keyswitch base module in Figures 2 and 3. This arrangement assures accessibility ofmale dovetail flanges 43, 75 on the outer periphery of a modular keyboard assembly.
• It should be recognized that the accessory base modules may include any number of keyswitch stations. For example, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, a 4-keyswitch station accessory base module may be formed by providing a commonhorizontal midwall 109 connecting central walls llla through llld which form four aligned cavities for receiving keyswitch elements. Anelongate skirt 113 depends from one side of themidwall 109 and includesplural dovetail flanges 75. An oppositeextended skirt 115, also depending from themidwall 109, includes plural dovetail recesses 77. Theskirts 117 and 119 at the narrow ends of the module are identical to theskirts 51 and 53 of the single keyswitch module of Figures 2 and 3.
• With reference to Figures 2, 3, 11 and 12, regardless of the number of keyswitch stations included in a base module,plural dovetail flanges 75 and plural dovetail recesses 77 are formed on the surface of the skirt 49-55, 113-119 of each keyswitch section of a base module. It is preferred that three such coupling elements be formed in spaced relation along the skirt periphery for each key station section. In the preferred embodiment, each such section is three-quarters of an inch wide. Preferably, the spacing S between adjacent central axis C of theflange 75 or recesses 77 is three-sixteenth of an inch.
• Between adjacent key station sections, agap 121 is formed. Thegap 121 provides a dimension S' between the central axis ofadjacent flanges 75 orrecesses 77 which equals twice the dimension S. This results in triple groupings offlanges 75 or recesses 77. The width of the enlarged spacing S' in the preferred embodiment is three- eighths of an inch.
• This grouping of coupling elements assures that a dovetail connection will not be made at a parting line between-adjacent base modules when the modules are aligned with one another, which would tend to force such modules apart at the parting line.
• The combination of threeflanges 75 and recesses 77 for each key station along the sides of a base module, spaced by three-sixteenths of an inch, allows assembly of adjacent modules in offset relations of one-fourth, one-half or three-fourths of the width of a key station section. This advantageously allows keyboard configurations to be assembled which provide spacing between alternate rows of key stations corresponding to that of a typical typewriter keyboard.
• Thus, referring to Figures 13-15, the advantageous positioning of thedovetail flanges 75 and recesses 77 along the periphery of the keyswitch base module can be seen. Figure 13 shows afoundation module 21 to which multiplestation accessory module 131 has been attached as an extention of thethird row 31, with thedovetail flanges 43 of thefoundation module 21 engaged within the dovetail recesses 77 in the multiplestation accessory module 131 on the top 133 and left 135 sides. This connection allows a continuation of the one-quarter offset between the third andfourth rows 31, 33 of thefoundation module 21. A secondaccessory base module 137 can be coupled to the assembled modular base, maintaining the one-half offset relation between thesecond row 29 of the foundation module and thethird row 31 of the foundation module.
• Similarly, as shown in Figure 14, afoundation module 21 is shown having multiplestation accessory module 139 coupled as an extension of thefourth row 33 of key stations. This connection allows continuation of the one-half offset between the fourth 33 and fifth 35 rows of thefoundation module 21. A second accessory module 141 can be added to the assembly along thethird row 31 of thefoundation module 21, maintaining the one-fourth offset between the third 31 and fourth 33 rows. Further, with reference to Figure 13, where anaccessory module 143 has been coupled to afoundation module 21 adjacent to the fifth ortop row 35, asecond accessory module 145 may be coupled adjacent to thefourth row 33 of thefoundation module 21, maintaining the one-half offset relation between these rows.
• Referring to Figure 3, theopening 69 provided in thefloor 67 of each key station through which a pair of terminals will protrude when the switch is assembled, are separated from one another in a direction parallel to theskirt 53. It is important in the assembly of a modular keyboard to maintain alignment of the switch terminals so that a printed circuit board may be easily fabricated to connect these terminals, providing identically patterned receptacles for the keyswitch contacts.
• In order to provide proper mating relationship of the dovetail recesses 77 on two adjacent sides of an accessory module with thedovetail flanges 43 on the side of thefoundation module 21, while maintaining alignment of the terminals protruding from thefloor 67, it is necessary to have righthand and lefthand configurations for each type of accessory module, as depicted for a single keyswitch base module in Figures 16 and 17. As shown in Figure 16,dovetail flanges 75 are provided on a lefthand and bottom skirts of a lefthand keyswitch module, while dovetail recesses 77 are provided in the top and righthand skirts, when viewed from above. This lefthand module is identified by marking on themidwall 47. Figure 17 depicts a righthand single keyswitch base module, which has dovetailflanges 75 extending from the bottom and righthand skirts, while dovetail recesses 77 are formed in the upper and lefthand skirts, viewed from above. By proper use of these base modules, proper alignment of the terminals extending through theopening 69 can be maintained.
• Thus it will be apparent by inspection of Figure 1 that if a particular single keyswitch base module were first interconnected to theflanges 43 at the righthand side of thefifth row 35 and were then transferred to theupper flanges 77 on the righthand key station of this same row, the single keyswitch base module would have to be rotated through 90°. Such rotation would alter the orientation of the terminals extending from opening 69.
• Many times, it is advantageous to provide a keyboard with keys with a substantially wider configuration than those normally used. In these instances, it is necessary to space a key station an extra distance from the adjacent station to allow the insertion of an enlarged key. In this modular base assembly, this is accomplished by inserting a spacer 151 as shown in Figure 18, to space an accessory base module a proper distance. Spacers may be provided in width corresponding to one-fourth, one-half and three-fourths of a typical key station unit width.
• However, occasionally a key station spacing other than the one-fourth multiple spacing may be desired. Such spacing is provided by special keystation base modules 153 which integrally incorporate proper spacing, as shown in Figure 19. When assembled, thesespecial modules 153 position a key station formed therein in any selected location without interrupting assembly and spacing of following accessory base modules. Typically, the outward dimensions ofspecial base module 153 are similar to a normal accessory base module, with the towering central walls 57-63 defining an offsetkeyswitch cavity 65 to accommodate the required key configuration.

Claims (20)

1. A keyboard switch housing module comprising a receptacle for a keyswitch and a skirt around said receptacle, characterized in that said skirt has connector means for attaching one of said keyboard switch modules to another, said connector means having means for restricting slight movement between attached modules.

₂. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that said connector means comprises at least one flange for engagement with a recess on another keyboard switch module.

3. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that said module has both at least one said flange and at least one said recess.

4. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said flange and recess are generally dovetail-shaped.

5. A keyboard switch module as claimed in any of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said skirt has four mutually perpendicular, upright sides; two of said sides bearing said flanges and the other two sides bearing said recesses.

6. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 5, characterized in that each of said flanges and recesses extend partway up said sides, each of said recesses having an open end for insertion of one end of said flange and a closed end to limit the travel of said flange when modules are connected by sliding a flange along a recess.

7. A keyboard switch module as claimed in any of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that said flanges and recesses taper towards one end so that when connecting one module to another each flange progressively engages a corresponding recess as said flange is slid into said recess.

8. A keyboard switch module as claimed in any of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that said flanges and recesses are integral with said module.

9. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that said movement restricting means comprises at least one crush rib which deforms when one of said modules is connected with another of said module so that such a rib on said one module provides interfering engagement with said other module.

10. A keyboard switch module as claimed in any of Claims 2 to 8, characterized in that said movement restricting means comprises at least one crush rib which deforms when one of said modules is connected with another of said modules so that such a rib on said one module provides interfering engagement with said other module.

ll. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 10, characterized in that said crush rib is located in said recess.

12. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 11, characterized in that said recess has longitudinal side walls, each bearing said crush rib.

13. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 12, characterized in that said crush ribs extend substantially the entire length of said side walls and project inwardly therefrom towards each other.

14. A keyboard switch module as claimed in any of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that said crush rib has a pointed surface for engagement with said module.

15. A keyboard switch module as claimed in Claim 14, characterized in that said rib has a generally triangular cross-section and has sides which lie in planes converging at a generally 60° angle.

16. A keyboard switch module as claimed in any of Claims 9 to 15, characterized in that said rib is integral with said module.

17. A modular keyboard base assembly characterized by comprising a plurality of connected keyboard switch modules according to any of Claims 1 to 16.

18. A keyboard base assembly as claimed in Claim 17,. characterized in that said switch modules are connected together to form a standard keyswitch array as is used in a typical typewriter.

19. A keyboard base assembly as claimed in Claim 17, characterized by comprising a foundation base module comprising a plurality of said switch modules for receiving and suporting keyswitch element, said modules in said foundation base being grouped to form a standard typewriter key matrix; and a plurality of accessory base modules, each comprising at least one of said switch modules for receiving and supporting keyswitch elements.

20. A keyboard base assembly as claimed in any of Claims 17 to 19, characterized in that each of said keyswitch modules further includes operably connected keyswitch elements.

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