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DE4002843C1 - Protective breathing mask with filter - having gas sensors in-front and behind with difference in their signals providing signal for change of filter - Google Patents

Protective breathing mask with filter - having gas sensors in-front and behind with difference in their signals providing signal for change of filter

Info

Publication number
DE4002843C1
DE4002843C1DE19904002843DE4002843ADE4002843C1DE 4002843 C1DE4002843 C1DE 4002843C1DE 19904002843DE19904002843DE 19904002843DE 4002843 ADE4002843 ADE 4002843ADE 4002843 C1DE4002843 C1DE 4002843C1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
filter
difference
breathing mask
change
gas sensors
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DE19904002843
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German (de)
Inventor
Hans Joerg 4600 Dortmund De Huebner
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GESELLSCHAFT fur GERAETEBAU MBH 4600 DORTMUND DE
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GESELLSCHAFT fur GERAETEBAU MBH 4600 DORTMUND DE
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Priority to DE19904002843priorityCriticalpatent/DE4002843C1/en
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Publication of DE4002843C1publicationCriticalpatent/DE4002843C1/en
Anticipated expirationlegal-statusCritical
Expired - Lifetimelegal-statusCriticalCurrent

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Abstract

The protective breathing mask uses a replaceable filter in the air intake path. Gas sensors are positioned on either side of the filter. The difference between the current or voltage signals provided by the sensors is used to provide a signal for indicating the required filter replacement. Pref. the gas sensors respond to a number of gases and are used with a wide band filter. The measured difference between the sensor signals is fed via an amplifier to a A/D converter which can be used to control a display or anoptical or acoustic alarm when a given difference value is exceeded. USE - Breathing mask used in toxic or radioactive environment.

Description

Translated fromGerman

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Atemschutzmaske mit Filter in der Ansaug­leitung, insbesondere Atemschutzmaske mit elektrisch betriebenem Belüftungsgerät, das Umgebungsluft ansaugt und in die Atemschutzmaske drückt, wobei der Filter vor dem Belüftungsgerät und hinter dem Filter ein Gassensor angeordnet ist, wobei der Gassensor in Berührung mit dem Gas seinen elektrischen Widerstand oder seine Span­nung oder seine Kapazität ändert und die durch den Sensor erzeugte oder beeinflußte Spannung und/oder Stromstärke als Signal für einen Fil­terwechsel verwendet wird.The invention relates to a respirator with a filter in the intakeline, especially a respirator with an electrically operatedVentilation device that draws in ambient air and into the breathing maskpresses, with the filter in front of the ventilation unit anda gas sensor is arranged behind the filter, the gas sensor inContact with the gas its electrical resistance or its spanvoltage or its capacity changes and that generated by the sensoror influenced voltage and / or current as a signal for a filchange is used.

Atemschutzmasken finden z. B. bei der Brandbekämpfung oder beim Ein­satz in toxisch oder mit radioaktiven Aerosolen verseuchten Räumen Verwendung. Der Einsatz von Atemschutzmaske ist in Krisenfällen ganz besonders groß. Dann dient die Atemschutzmaske der Reinigung der Atemluft von biologischen oder chemischen Kampfmitteln. Die Reinigung erfolgt über Filter, wobei in erster Linie Aktivkohlefilter Verwendung finden.Find respirators. B. in fire fighting or when Ain rooms that are toxic or contaminated with radioactive aerosolsUse. The use of a respirator is complete in the event of a crisisextraordinary big. Then the breathing mask is used to clean theBreathing air from biological or chemical weapons. The cleaningtakes place via filters, primarily activated carbon filtersFind.

Alle bekannten Filter haben eine begrenzte Betriebszeit. Deshalb müssen die Filter nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Betriebsdauer ausge­wechselt werden. Diese Betriebsdauer ist so gewählt, daß der Filter zum Zeitpunkt der Auswechslung noch ausreichende Filterfunktion besitzt.All known filters have a limited operating time. That's whythe filters must be switched off after a certain operating timebe changed. This operating time is chosen so that the filtersufficient filter function at the time of replacementowns.

Problematisch ist die Einhaltung der vorgesehenen Auswechslungszeit. Außerdem ist es unwirtschaftlich, wenn der Filter unabhängig von seiner Beladung nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Betriebsdauer ausge­wechselt wird. Deshalb soll ein Filterwechsel erst nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Filterbeladung durchgeführt werden, ohne dabei die Sicherheit des Benutzers zu beeinträchtigen. Nach der DE-OS 38 18 052 wird das mit Hilfe eines Gassensors erreicht, der hinter dem Filter angeordnet ist, wobei der Gassensor in Berührung mit dem Gas seinen elektrischen Widerstand oder seine Spannung oder seine Kapazität ändert. Der Gassensor wird so eingestellt, daß der für den Benutzer der Atemschutzmaske schädliche Gasgehalt in der Atemluftströmung hinter dem Filter sofort angezeigt wird. Vorzugsweise soll der Gas­sensor bereits in Funktion treten, wenn der Schadgasgehalt sich der Zulässigkeitsgrenze nähert.Compliance with the scheduled replacement time is problematic.It is also uneconomical if the filter is independent ofits loading after a certain operating timeis changed. Therefore, a filter change should only be done after it has been reacheda certain filter load can be carried out without theTo compromise user safety. According to DE-OS 38 18 052this is achieved with the help of a gas sensor, which is behind the filteris arranged, the gas sensor being in contact with the gaselectrical resistance or its voltage or its capacity changes. The gas sensor is set so that it is for the userharmful gas content in the respiratory air flowis immediately displayed behind the filter. The gas should preferablysensor already function when the harmful gas content changesApproach limit approaching.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Zuverlässigkeit dieser Filterwechselan­zeige von der Zuverlässigkeit bzw. Funktionsfähigkeit des Gassensors abhängt. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, in diesem Bereich Fehler zu elimi­nieren. Nach der Erfindung wird das dadurch erreicht,It has been shown that the reliability of these filter changesshow the reliability or functionality of the gas sensordepends. The object of the invention is to eliminate errors in this areakidneys. According to the invention this is achieved

  • - daß vor dem Filter ein Gassensor angeordnet ist,- that a gas sensor is arranged in front of the filter,
  • - daß ohne Filtereinsatz unter Beaufschlagung mit dem zu filternden Medium und nach dem Einsatz des Filters fortlaufend unter Beauf­schlagung mit dem zu filternden Medium die Differenz der durch die Sensoren erzeugten bzw. beeinflußten Spannungen und/oder Ströme gebildet werden und- That without filter insert under the action of the filterMedium and continuously after using the filter under Beaufimpact with the medium to be filtered is the difference between theSensors generated or influenced voltages and / or currentsbe formed and
  • - daß die fortlaufend ermittele Differenz als Signal für einen Filterwech­sel verwendet wird.- that the continuously determined differenceas a signal for a filter changesel is used.

Mit dieser Meßanordnung lassen sich Ungenauigkeiten beim Messen nahezu ausschließen. Die Ungenauigkeiten können sowohl dadurch verursacht sein, daß die Sensoren nicht genau auf das zu filternde Medium kali­briert worden sind, als auch dadurch, daß die Sensoren aufgrund Ände­rungen der Beschaffenheit des zu filternden Mediums und aufgrund von Änderungen des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes oder dergleichen anders auf das zu filternde Medium ansprechen.With this measuring arrangement, inaccuracies in measurement can be almost avoidedexclude. The inaccuracies can both be caused by thisbe that the sensors are not exactly calibrated to the medium to be filteredhave been burned, as well as the fact that the sensors due to changesthe nature of the medium to be filtered and due toChanges in moisture content or the like are different to thataddress medium to be filtered.

Wahlweise wird die erfindungsgemäße Signalgebung auch mit der aus der DE-OS 38 18 052 bekannten Signalgebung kombiniert. Das geschieht dann in der Weise, daß die von dem hinter dem Filter angeordneten Gassensor erzeugte oder beeinflußte Spannung und/oder Stromstärke sowohl in die erfindungsgemäße Differenzbildung gegeben als auch mit einem absoluten Wert verglichen wird. Das Filtersignal spricht dann sowohl bei Eintreten einer bestimmten Spannungs- und/oder Stromstärkendifferenz als auch bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Einzelspannungs- und/oder Stromstärken­wertes an.Optionally, the signaling according to the invention is also carried out with that from theDE-OS 38 18 052 known signaling combined. Then that happensin such a way that the gas sensor arranged behind the filtergenerated or influenced voltage and / or current both in the given difference formation according to the invention as well as with an absoluteValue is compared. The filter signal then speaks both when one occurscertain voltage and / or current difference as wellReaching a certain single voltage and / or current strengthsworth.

Im übrigen ist von Vorteil, breitbandige Sensoren zu verwenden. Breit­bandige Sensoren messen eine Vielzahl von Gasen. Durch die Wahl des Filters wird dann ein bestimmter Bereich aus dem Meßband ausgeblendet. Ein Abgleich auf die einzelnen Filter bzw. die ausgeblendeten Meßbe­reiche ist nicht erforderlich, da über den Filter jeweils Differenzen erzeugt werden. Ein Durchschlagen des Filters oder Nachlassen wird als Abnahme der Differenz gemessen und gewarnt bzw. geregelt.It is also advantageous to use broadband sensors. Widebanded sensors measure a variety of gases. By choosing theA certain area of the filter is then hidden from the measuring tape.A comparison to the individual filters or the hidden measurement areasrich is not necessary, as there are differences across the filterbe generated. Penetration of the filter or weakening is consideredDecrease in the difference measured and warned or regulated.

In der Zeichnung sind verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele dargestellt.Various exemplary embodiments are shown in the drawing.

Mit1 ist ein Belüftungsgerät für eine nicht dargestellte Atemschutz­maske bezeichnet. Das Belüftungsgerät ist im Betriebsfall über eine flexible Schlauchleitung mit der den Kopf des Benutzers umhüllenden Atemschutzmaske verbunden. Der Schlauchleitungsanschluß ist mit2 bezeichnet.1 with a ventilation device for a respirator mask, not shown. During operation, the ventilation device is connected via a flexible hose line to the breathing mask that envelops the user's head. The hose line connection is designated by2 .

Die Atemschutzmaske besitzt einen Ansaugstutzen3. In der Zeichnung nachFig. 1 sind die beiden Stutzen2 und3 mit Schraubverschlüssen verschlossen. Zur Verbindung mit der flexiblen Schlauchleitung werden die Verschlüsse abgeschraubt. Ferner wird der Verschluß des Anschluß­stutzens3 abgeschraubt. Dort wird ein Filter montiert. Das nicht dargestellte Filter ist z. B. ein Aktivkohlefilter.The respirator mask has an intake port3 . In the drawing ofFig. 1, the two sockets2 and3 are closed with screw caps. To connect to the flexible hose line, the closures are unscrewed. Furthermore, the closure of the connecting piece3 is unscrewed. A filter is installed there. The filter, not shown, is e.g. B. an activated carbon filter.

Das Belüftungsgerät1 saugt durch den Filter Umgebungsluft an. Die Umgebungsluft wird im Filter gereinigt.The ventilation device1 sucks in ambient air through the filter. The ambient air is cleaned in the filter.

Die Ansaugung erfolgt mittels eines Lamellenrades4, welches im Ge­häuse des Belüftungsgerätes1 drehbeweglich gelagert ist und mit einem Motor5 angetrieben wird. Der Motor5 ist ein Elektromotor, der durch eine Batterie mit Strom niedriger Spannung versorgt wird, welche im Teil6 des Belüftungsgerätes1 angeordnet ist.The suction takes place by means of a lamellar wheel4 , which is rotatably mounted in the housing Ge of the ventilation device1 and is driven by a motor5 . The motor5 is an electric motor which is supplied with a low-voltage current by a battery which is arranged in part6 of the ventilation device1 .

Im Belüftungsgerät1 befindet sich in Strömungsrichtung des zu fil­ternden Mediums hinter dem Filter ein Gassensor7 und vor dem Filter ein Gassensor7a. Der Gassensor7 ist über eine Zuleitung8 mit dem Hohlraum verbunden, in den das Lamellenrad4 läuft. Der Gassensor7a bildet eine entsprechende Verbindung zum Ansaugraum vor dem Filter.In the ventilation device1 there is a gas sensor7 in the flow direction of the medium to be filtered and a gas sensor7 a in front of the filter. The gas sensor7 is connected via a feed line8 to the cavity into which the lamellar wheel4 runs. The gas sensor7 a forms a corresponding connection to the intake chamber in front of the filter.

Mit den beiden Gassensoren7 und7a ist eine Elektronik9 verknüpft.Electronics9 are linked to the two gas sensors7 and7 a.

Fig. 2 zeigt das Zusammenwirken von Elektronik und Sensor in einer schematishen Darstellung. NachFig. 2 werden die von beiden Sensoren ausgehenden Signale gegeneinander gemessen, die Differenz an eine Signalverstärkung9 gegeben. Das verstärkte Signal gelangt in einen Analog/Digitalwandler10, dessen Ausgang bei Bedarf auf einem Display erscheint. Das Display ist mit11 bezeichnet. Parallel dazu ist eine Grenzwertüberwachung12 vorgesehen. Die Grenzwertüberwachung12 ist gleichfalls an den Signalverstärker9 angeschlossen und gibt Kontakt für einen optischen oder akustischen Alarm13, sobald ein zulässiger Wert überschritten wird. Die Grenzwertüberwachung12 kann auch zur Überwachung der Batteriespannung verwendet werden, die maßgeblich für den Sensorbetrieb ist.Fig. 2 shows the interaction of electronics and sensor in a schematic representation. According toFIG. 2, the signals emanating from both sensors are measured against each other, the difference is given to a signal amplifier9 . The amplified signal reaches an analog / digital converter10 , the output of which appears on a display if required. The display is labeled11 . A limit value monitor12 is provided in parallel. The limit value monitor12 is also connected to the signal amplifier9 and makes contact for an optical or acoustic alarm13 as soon as a permissible value is exceeded. The limit value monitor12 can also be used to monitor the battery voltage, which is essential for sensor operation.

Die Gassensoren7 und7a sind auf das erwartete Gas bzw. auf die erwarteten Gase ausgelegt. Vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Gassensoren7 und7a auf eine Vielzahl von Gasen ansprechen. Dann bedarf es bei einer Umstellung der Atemschutzmaske auf einen anderen Filterbetrieb nur noch eines Auswechselns des Filters, jedoch nicht mehr eines Einstel­lens der Sensoren, wenn die neuen Schadgase auch in dem Meßband des Filters liegen. Vorteilhaft sind Systeme, die besonders empfindlich auf die vorgegebenen Gase reagieren.Fig. 3 zeigt einen Sensor für explosive Gase.The gas sensors7 and7 a are designed for the expected gas or the expected gases. It is advantageous if the gas sensors7 and7 a respond to a large number of gases. Then it is only necessary to change the filter when changing the respirator to a different filter operation, but no longer an adjustment of the sensors if the new harmful gases are also in the measuring tape of the filter. Systems that are particularly sensitive to the specified gases are advantageous.Fig. 3 shows a sensor of explosive gases.

Claims (2)

Translated fromGerman
1. Atemschutzmaske mit Filter in der Luftansaugung, insbesondere Atemschutzmaske mit elektrisch betriebenem Belüftungsgerät, das Umgebungsluft ansaugt und in die Atemschutzmaske drückt, wobei der Filter vor dem Belüftungsgerät und hinter dem Filter ein Gassensor angeordnet ist, wobei der Gassensor in Berührung mit dem Gas seinen elektrischen Widerstand oder seine Spannung oder seine Kapazität ändet und die durch den Sensor erzeugte oder beeinflußte Spannung und/oder Stromstärke als Signal für einen Filterwechsel verwendet wird,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auch vor dem Filter ein Gassensor (7a) angeordnet ist, daß ohne Filtereinsatz unter Beauf­schlagung mit dem zu filternden Medium und nach dem Filtereinsatz fortlaufend unter Beaufschlagung mit dem zu filternden Medium die Differenz der durch die Sensoren (7, 7a) erzeugten bzw. beeinfluß­ten Spannungen und/oder Ströme gebildet wird und daß die fortlau­fend ermittelte Differenz als Signal für einen Filterwechsel verwendet wird.1. Respirator with a filter in the air intake, in particular a respirator with an electrically operated ventilation device that sucks in ambient air and presses it into the respirator, the filter being arranged in front of the ventilation device and behind the filter, a gas sensor, the gas sensor being in contact with the gas its electrical Resistance or its voltage or its capacity changes and the voltage and / or current generated or influenced by the sensor is used as a signal for a filter change,characterized in that a gas sensor (7 a) is also arranged in front of the filter, that without filter insert under Acting on the medium to be filtered and after the filter insert, continuously applying the medium to be filtered, the difference between the voltages and / or currents generated or influenced by the sensors (7, 7 a) is formed and that the continuously determined difference ver as a signal for a filter change is applied.2. Atemschutzmaske nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwen­dung eines breitbandigen Filters.2. Respirator mask according to claim 1, characterized by the usebroadband filter.
DE199040028431990-02-011990-02-01Protective breathing mask with filter - having gas sensors in-front and behind with difference in their signals providing signal for change of filterExpired - LifetimeDE4002843C1 (en)

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DE19904002843DE4002843C1 (en)1990-02-011990-02-01Protective breathing mask with filter - having gas sensors in-front and behind with difference in their signals providing signal for change of filter

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DE19904002843DE4002843C1 (en)1990-02-011990-02-01Protective breathing mask with filter - having gas sensors in-front and behind with difference in their signals providing signal for change of filter

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