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DE3637549A1 - Measuring device for testing the dielectric properties of biological tissues - Google Patents

Measuring device for testing the dielectric properties of biological tissues

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Publication number
DE3637549A1
DE3637549A1DE19863637549DE3637549ADE3637549A1DE 3637549 A1DE3637549 A1DE 3637549A1DE 19863637549DE19863637549DE 19863637549DE 3637549 ADE3637549 ADE 3637549ADE 3637549 A1DE3637549 A1DE 3637549A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
dielectric properties
testing
measuring device
biological tissue
tissue
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DE19863637549
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German (de)
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Hans Dr Med Rosenberger
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Priority to DE19863637549priorityCriticalpatent/DE3637549A1/en
Publication of DE3637549A1publicationCriticalpatent/DE3637549A1/en
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Abstract

Device for testing the dielectric properties of biological materials and changes in these properties, characterised in that microwaves in the range from 10 GHz to about 100 GHz are radiated on to the test field. By measuring a defined part of the reflected energy conclusions are drawn about the absorbed energy and thus about the dielectric properties of the test material. The invention describes how the device is employed for measuring changes in the surfaces of organs and how it serves to measure the intraocular pressure. Moreover, it can be employed for flow measurements in blood vessels.

Description

Translated fromGerman

Beim Auftreffen elektromagnetischer Wellen auf Haut, Schleimhaut oder andere Organoberflächen wird ein Teil der eingestrahlten Energie absorbiert, ein Teil wird reflektiert. Die reflektierte Energiemenge hängt ab von den dielektrischen Eigenschaften des untersuchten Objektes und der verwendeten Frequenzen. Lit. hierzu:When electromagnetic waves hit the skin, mucous membraneor other organ surfaces becomes part of the irradiatedEnergy is absorbed, some is reflected. The reflectedThe amount of energy depends on the dielectric properties of theexamined object and the frequencies used.Lit. on this:

Stüttgen G. , Flesch U.: Dermatologische Thermographie. Abb. 2.16. Weinheim, Deerfield Beach, Florida; Basel. Edition Medizin 1984.Stüttgen G., Flesch U .: Dermatological thermography. Fig.2.16.Weinheim, Deerfield Beach, Florida; Basel. Edition Medicine 1984.

Bei konstanter Frequenz hängt der reflektierte Energieanteil direkt von den dielektrischen Eigenschaften des untersuchten Materials ab. Durch Wahl einer geeigneten Frequenz kann die Tiefe bestimmt werden, bis zu der hin diese Dielektrizitätseigen­schaften gemessen werden sollen. Sichtbares Licht und Infrarot sind wegen der zu geringen Ein­dringtiefe für diese Meßaufgaben nicht geeignet. Für die Untersuchung von Organoberflächen und deren Struktur­änderungen wird daher die Verwendung des Frequenzbandes von ca. 10 GigaHertz eingeführt. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf die Konstruktion eines Meßge­rätes, mit dem man unter Verwendung dieses Frequenzbandes die Oberflächeneigenschaften und die des direkt darunter liegenden Gewebes durch Meßung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften charak­terisiert.At a constant frequency, the reflected energy component dependsdirectly from the dielectric properties of the investigatedMaterial. By choosing an appropriate frequency, the depthbe determined up to which these dielectric propertiesshould be measured.Visible light and infrared are due to the low onpenetration depth not suitable for these measuring tasks.For the investigation of organ surfaces and their structureThe use of the frequency band ofapprox. 10 GigaHertz introduced.The invention relates to the construction of a Meßgeadvises using this frequency bandSurface properties and those of the directly belowFabric by measuring the dielectric propertiesterized.

Angewendet soll das Gerät in der Allergologie zur objektiven Erfassung von Hauttestreaktionen bei Mensch und Tier, außerdem in der Dermatologie zur Messung der Hautbeschaffenheit unter normalen und pathologischen Bedingungen und zur Messung ihrer pharmakologischen Beeinflussung. In der Angiologie können mit dem Gerät Strömungsmessungen oberflächlich verlaufender Blut­gefäße durchgeführt werden. In der Ophthalmologie können mit dem Gerät Messungen des Augeninnendrucks erfolgen, wobei die berührungslose Messung von besonderem Vorteil ist. Die von einem Generator gelieferten Mikrowellen werden über einen Hohl-Leiter oder Fest-Leiter auf das zu untersuchende Objekt gestrahlt. Ein zweiter Leiter nimmt einen definierten Teil der reflektierten Mikrowellen auf und führt sie einem Meßgerät zu. Da für die Meßung nur geringe Energiemengen er­forderlich sind und die Meßung berührungslos erfolgen kann, wird das Meßobjekt durch den Meßstrahl nicht beeinflußt.The device is used in allergology for objectiveRecording of skin test reactions in humans and animals, moreoverin dermatology to measure skin texture undernormal and pathological conditions and to measure theirpharmacological interference. In angiology you can useblood flow on the devicevessels are carried out. In ophthalmology, withmeasurements of the intraocular pressure are carried out on the device, thenon-contact measurement is of particular advantage.The microwaves supplied by a generator are overa hollow conductor or fixed conductor on the one to be examinedObject blasted. A second leader takes a defined onePart of the reflected microwaves and leads them to youMeasuring device too. Because he measured only small amounts of energy for the measurementare required and the measurement can take place without contact, the measuring object is not influenced by the measuring beam.

Claims (14)

Translated fromGerman
1. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß elektro­magnetische Wellen im Frequenzbereich von ca 10 GHz bis ca 100 GHz auf das zu untersuchende Gewebe gestrahlt werden und aus der reflektierten Energie oder Teilen davon auf die dielektrischen Eigenschaften des Gewebes geschlossen wird.1. Measuring device for testing the dielectric properties of biological tissue,characterized in that electromagnetic waves in the frequency range from about 10 GHz to about 100 GHz are radiated onto the tissue to be examined and from the reflected energy or parts thereof to the dielectric properties of the tissue becomes.2. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erzeu­gung der Mikrowellen sowohl klassische Bauelemente infrage kommen wie auch Halbleiterbauteile, z. B. Gunn-Dioden oder Impatt-Dioden oder ähnliche. Als Detektoren dienen Bolo­meter oder Dioden. Der Schaltungsaufbau kann konventionell mit Fest- oder Hohl-Leitern erfolgen oder in Mikrostreifen­technik.2. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that the Erzeuthe microwave both classic components in questioncome as well as semiconductor components, e.g. B. Gunn diodes orImpatt diodes or the like. Bolo serve as detectorsmeters or diodes. The circuit structure can be conventionalwith solid or hollow conductors or in micro stripstechnology.3. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gerät ein elektrisches Ausgangssignal liefert, das einer elektronischen Datenverarbeitungsanlage zugeführt wird, welche einmalig oder fortlaufend Ist- und Soll-Wert vergleicht und mit weiteren Daten verknüpft und das Ergebnis speichert und ausdruckt.3. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that the deviceprovides electrical output signal that an electronicData processing system is supplied, which is unique orcontinuously compares actual and target values and othersData is linked and the result is saved and printed.4. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gerät im Bereich der Allergologie Hauttest-Reaktionen objektiv meßbar macht.4. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that the devicein the field of allergology skin test reactions objectivelymakes measurable.5. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß damit bei Wahl einer geeigneten Frequenz der Augeninnendruck berührungs­los gemessen werden kann.5. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in thatChoosing a suitable frequency of intraocular pressurecan be measured.6. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch ge­eignete Frequenzwahl Strömungsmessungen in oberflächlich verlaufenden Blutgefäßen erfolgen können.6. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that by gesuitable frequency choice flow measurements in superficialtrending blood vessels.7. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frequenz des Oszillators wahlweise fest oder aber variabel eingestellt werden kann, so daß mit einem einzigen Gerät unterschiedliche Meßaufgaben durchgeführt werden können.7. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that the frequencyof the oscillator either fixed or variablecan be so that with a single device different Measurement tasks can be carried out.8. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biolo­gischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Energieabgabe des Oszillators durch Vorschalten eines Abschwächers regelbar ist.8. Measuring device for testing the dielectric properties biologischer tissue, characterized in that the energy releaseof the oscillator can be regulated by connecting an attenuatoris.9. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßung einmalig oder fortlaufend (dynamisch) erfolgen kann.9. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that the measurementcan be done once or continuously (dynamic).10. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Messung aufgrund der starken Bündelung der verwendeten elektro­magnetischen Strahlung berührungslos erfolgen kann.10. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that the measurementdue to the strong bundling of the electro usedmagnetic radiation can be done without contact.11. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die geome­trische Anordnung von biologischem Gewebe, Meßstrahl und reflektiertem Strahl fest vorgegeben werden kann oder variabel ist.11. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that the geometrical arrangement of biological tissue, measuring beam andreflected beam can be fixed oris variable.12. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch Wahl verschiedener Meßpunkte im Abtastverfahren eine Fläche bildlich dargestellt werden kann.12. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that bySelection of different measuring points in the scanning processArea can be depicted.13. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch Wahl verschiedener Frequenzen und damit unterschiedlicher Eindringtiefen nicht nur ein flächenhaftes, sondern auch ein dreidimensionales Bild der untersuchten Strukturen möglich ist.13. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that byChoice of different frequencies and therefore differentDepths of penetration not only an area, but alsoa three-dimensional image of the structures examinedis possible.14. Meßgerät zur Prüfung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften biologischer Gewebe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Falle der Verwendung von Hohl-Leitern der zum Empfänger führende Hohl-Leiter vom Sende-Hohlleiter unabhängig ist oder aber daß Sende- und Empfangs-Hohlleiter durch das elektrische Feld gekoppelt sind.14. Measuring device for testing the dielectric propertiesbiological tissue, characterized in that in the casethe use of hollow conductors leading to the receiverHollow conductor is independent of the transmission waveguide or elsethat transmit and receive waveguide through the electricalField are coupled.
DE198636375491986-11-041986-11-04Measuring device for testing the dielectric properties of biological tissuesCeasedDE3637549A1 (en)

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DE3637549A1true DE3637549A1 (en)1988-05-11

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