Die Erfindung betrifft eine Knochenschraube der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art.The invention relates to a bone screw in the upperConcept of claim 1 specified type.
Bei den bekannten Knochenschrauben besteht der Nachteil, daß sie möglicherweise beim lmplantieren so fest angezogen werden, daß der Schaft oder ein anderer Teil der Schraube bricht, so daß die Funktion der Schraube nicht mehr gewährleistet ist. Die Schraube muß in diesem Fall ausgefräst werden, was mit der Zerstörung von plötzlichen Knochenbereichen verbunden ist. Im übrigen kann im Bereich der Ausfräsung keine weitere Schraube angebracht werden.The known bone screws have the disadvantage thatthat they might be so tight when they were implantedbe that the shank or some other part of the screwbreaks, so that the function of the screw is no longer geis guaranteed. In this case, the screw must be removedbe milling what with the destruction of suddenBone areas is connected. For the rest, in Beno further screw is attached to the cutoutwill.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei Knochenschrauben sicherzustellen, daß die Einschraubmomente einen die Schraube gefährdenden Wert nicht erreichen.The invention is based, with bonescrews to ensure that the screwing in torquedo not reach the screw dangerous value.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Anwendung bei resorbierbarem Implantatmaterial, das spröder ist als die üblicherweise verwendeten Schraubenwerkstoffe. Da derartige Schrauben nicht wieder herausgedreht werden müssen, da der Werkstoff innerhalb des Körpers absorbiert wird, kann nach dem Einschrauben auch auf die Drehmomentübertragungselemente verzichtet werden. Lediglich die Zugkraftkomponenten der Schraube aufnehmende Elemente wie Gewinde und Schraubenkopf müssen erhalten bleiben.Use in the case of resorbable is particularly advantageousImplant material that is more brittle than usualused screw materials. Because such screwsdo not have to be unscrewed again because of the materialcan be absorbed within the body after the onalso screw on the torque transmission elementsto be waived. Only the traction components of theScrew-receiving elements such as threads and screwshead must be preserved.
Weiterhin ist mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung der gegenüber den üblichen und bei Knochenschrauben genormten Innensechskanten der Vorteil verbunden, daß der Querschnitt des Schraubenkopfes nicht durch die entsprechende Ausnehmung geschwächt ist und damit bei der Dimensionierung der Schraube nicht auf den verringerten Restquerschnitt des Kopfes im Bereich des Grundes des Innensechskantes Rücksicht genommen zu werden braucht.Furthermore, with the solution according to the inventionabove the usual and standardized for bone screws Hexagon socket connected the advantage that the crossdo not cut the screw head through the corresponding oneRecess is weakened and thus in dimensionscrew on the reduced residual crosscut the head in the area of the bottom of the hexagon socketedge needs to be taken into account.
Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des die Drehmomentanschlußmittel enthaltenden von der übrigen Schraube durch eine Sollbruchstelle abgetrennten Ansatzes ist dieser bevorzugt derart ballig ausgebildet, daß das Einschraubwerkzeug in unterschiedlichen, zur Mittelachse der Schraube geneigten Schraubrichtungen angesetzt werden kann, so daß die Übertragung von Biegemomenten auf den Bereich der Sollbruchstelle verhindert ist, so daß die Sollbruchstelle ausschließlich durch das Einschraubmoment belastet ist.In a preferred development of the torqueconnection means containing the rest of the screwApproach separated by a predetermined breaking point isser preferably formed so spherical that the onescrewing tool in different, to the central axis of theScrew inclined screw directions can be appliedcan, so that the transmission of bending moments on the loadingrange of the predetermined breaking point is prevented, so that the targetbreak point only due to the screwing torqueis burdensome.
Die Sollbruchstelle ist in günstiger Weiterbildung der Erfindung als Einschnürung symmetrisch zur Mittelachse der Schraube abgedreht dem Anschluß an die Stirnfläche des Schraubenkopfes angeordnet, so daß diese Fläche nach Entfernen des Drehmomentübertragungselements einen bündigen Abschluß bildet.The predetermined breaking point is a further development of theInvention as a constriction symmetrical to the central axis of theUnscrewed the connection to the face of theScrew head arranged so that this surface after Entdistal of the torque transmission element a flushConcludes.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt.Advantageous developments of the invention are in the Unclaims are identified belowalong with the description of the preferred embodimentthe invention with reference to the figures.
Die einzige Figur stellt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Schraube mit einem mit der Schraube in Eingriff kommenden Teil eines Einschraubwerkzeugs im Querschnitt dar.The only figure represents an embodiment of theinventive screw with one with the screw in Engaging part of a screwing tool in the crosscut.
Eine Knochenschraube1 entspricht in ihrem Schaftbereich2 und dem Gewindeteil3 der Gestaltung bekannter Knochenschrauben, wobei auch der Kopf4 in seinem unteren Bereich in bekannter Weise ausgebildet ist. Eine derartige Schraube dient zur Fixierung von Knochenfragmenten oder zum Halten einer Knochenplatte, wobei die Zugkraft durch den Eingriff des Gewindes3 (auf Spongiosa- oder Kortikalisgewinde) dient und die Gegenkraft von der verrundeten Unterseite des Kopfes4 aufgenommen wird, die sphärisch ausgebildet ist.A bone screw1 corresponds in its shaft region2 and the threaded part3 to the design of known bones, the head4 also being designed in a known manner in its lower region. Such a screw is used to fix bone fragments or to hold a bone plate, the tensile force due to the engagement of the thread3 (on cancellous or cortical lis thread) and the counterforce is absorbed by the rounded underside of the head4 , which is spherical.
Im Anschluß an die Stirnfläche5 des Schraubenkopfes ist eine Sollbruchstelle6 in Form einer Einschnürung vorgesehen, welche derart bemessen ist, daß hier ein Bruch eher eintritt als in den übrigen Schraubenbereichen. Bei üblicher Dimensionierung und sanftem Auslauf der Einschnürung um Kraftspitzen zu vermeiden ist der Durchmesser im Bereich dieser Einschnürung bzw. ist der Querschnitt dieser Einschnürung also geringfügig geringer auszubilden als der entsprechende Querschnitt des Schaftes2. (Bei vom runden Querschnitt abweichender Gestaltung ist in jedem Fall auf die übertragbaren Momente abzustellen).Following the end face5 of the screw head, a predetermined breaking point6 is provided in the form of a constriction, which is dimensioned such that a break occurs here sooner than in the other screw areas. With customary dimensioning and gentle runout of a constriction to avoid force peaks, the diameter in the region of this constriction or the cross section of this constriction is therefore slightly less than the corresponding cross section of the shaft2 . (In the case of a design deviating from the round cross-section, the transferable moments must always be taken into account).
Im Anschluß an die Einschnürung6 ist ein Ansatz7 vorgesehen, welcher Außensechskantflächen aufweist, die zur Übertragung des maximalen, durch die Sollbruchstelle vorgegebenen Einschraubmoments ausreichend sind. Die Übertragung von Biegemomenten auf die Sollbruchstelle ist zu vermeiden. Da diese zu einem Bruch derselben bei kleineren Drehmomenten führen könnten, sind die Außensechskantflächen derart ballig ausgeführt, daß Abweichungen des Schraubendrehers8 von der Längsachse der Schraube, d.h. eine Neigung um einen geringen Winkel dieser Richtung nicht zu derartigen Biegemomenten führt, da insoweit die beiden Teile7 und8 relativ zueinander beweglich sind. Dieser Umstand des nur teilweisen gegenseitigen Eingriffs wegen der balligen Ausgestaltung ist bei der Dimensionierung der Drehmomentübertragungsflächen zu berücksichtigen, wobei hier keinerlei Schwierigkeiten auftreten, da der Ansatz7 ein Verlustelement bildet, der die Größe der im Knochen verbleibenden Schraube nicht beeinflußt.Following the constriction6 , an approach7 is easily seen, which has external hex surfaces that are sufficient to transmit the maximum, through the predetermined breaking point before given screwing torque. The transfer of bending moments to the predetermined breaking point should be avoided. Since these could lead to a breakage at smaller torques, the external hexagon surfaces are designed so spherically that deviations of the screwdriver8 from the longitudinal axis of the screw, ie an inclination by a small angle in this direction, do not lead to such bending moments, since the two of them Parts7 and8 are movable relative to each other. This circumstance of only partial mutual intervention because of the spherical configuration is to be taken into account in the dimensioning of the torque transmission surfaces, with no difficulties arising here since the attachment7 forms a loss element which does not influence the size of the screw remaining in the bone.
Bei dem Schraubendreher8 handelt es sich um ein Einschraubelement, welches in negativer Ausbildung als Aussparung Flächen aufweist, die an den Querschnitt zur Übertragung des Einschraubmoments des Ansatzes7 angepaßt sind. Bei einer vorteilhaften - nicht dargestellten - Variante können an Stelle der Flächen des Ansatzes7 auch die Innenflächen9 des Schraubendrehers ballig ausgefüllt sein.The screwdriver8 is a screw-on element, which has a negative design as a savings area that is adapted to the cross-section for transferring the screw-in torque of the projection7 . In an advantageous - not shown - Va riante, the inner surfaces9 of the screwdriver can be filled spherically instead of the surfaces of the extension7 .
Die Knochenschraube1 besteht bevorzugt aus einem innerhalb des Körpers resorbierbarem Werkstoff. Damit braucht die Schraube lediglich in den Knochen eingedreht zu werden und kann mit einem beliebig großen Moment festgezogen werden, ohne daß Gefahr für die Schraube selbst besteht. Das übertragbare Moment ist begrenzt durch die Festigkeit der Sollbruchstelle, so daß die Trennung hier ein Zeichen für den Chirurgen ist, daß die Schraube mit dem Sollmoment angezogen wurde.The bone screw1 preferably consists of an inner half of the body absorbable material. So that the screw only needs to be screwed into the bone and can be tightened with an arbitrarily large moment who without the risk of the screw itself. The transmissible torque is limited by the strength of the predetermined breaking point, so that the separation here is a sign for the surgeon that the screw has been tightened to the desired torque.
Um bei einer Korrektur des Schraubensitzes ein Ausschrauben gegebenenfalls noch zu ermöglichen, sind bevorzugt im Bereich des oberen Teils des Schraubenkopfes4 Anfasungen10 vorgesehen, welche in Wechselwirkung mit einer Zange oder dergleichen ein Drehen der Schraube nur in Sonderfällen ermöglichen sollen. Da diese Flächen sehr weit von der Mittelachse entfernt sind, brauchen sie nicht besonders ausgeprägt ausgebildet zu sein, wobei sie, da sie im oberen Teil des Kopfes gelegen sind, auch dann noch erreichbar sind, wenn die Schraube fast vollständig eingedreht ist. Auch wenn die Schraube bereits am Ende eingedreht wurde, kann dieser Bereich noch ohne größere Schädigung von Knochenbereichen freigemacht werden, um die Ausdrehmöglichkeit sicherzustellen.In order to enable a screwing out of a screw seat if necessary, chamfering10 are preferably provided in the upper part of the screw head4 , which, in interaction with pliers or the like, should only enable the screw to be turned in special cases. Since these surfaces are very far from the central axis, they do not need to be particularly pronounced, and since they are located in the upper part of the head, they can still be reached when the screw is almost completely screwed in. Even if the screw was already screwed in at the end, this area can still be cleared without major damage to bone areas to ensure that it can be removed.
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich in ihrer Ausführung nicht auf das vorstehend angegebene bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel. Vielmehr ist eine Anzahl von Varianten denkbar, welche von der dargestellten Lösung auch bei grundsätzlich anders gearteten Ausführungen Gebrauch machen.The invention is not restricted in its implementationto the preferred embodiment given abovegame. Rather, a number of variants are conceivablewhich of the solution shown also in principlemake use of different types.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19863630863DE3630863A1 (en) | 1986-09-08 | 1986-09-08 | Bone screw |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19863630863DE3630863A1 (en) | 1986-09-08 | 1986-09-08 | Bone screw |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3630863A1true DE3630863A1 (en) | 1988-03-17 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19863630863WithdrawnDE3630863A1 (en) | 1986-09-08 | 1986-09-08 | Bone screw |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3630863A1 (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |