Dievorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Herzklappenprothesensystem zurImplantation in den Körper eines Säugetieres,mit einer an einem Stentelement angebrachten Klappe zur Bildungeines Stent-Klappen-Elements, sowie einem Verankerungselement, dasinnerhalb der Aorta angebracht wird, und das von dem Klappenelementmit Stent räumlich entfernt liegt.TheThe present invention relates to a heart valve prosthesis system forImplantation in the body of a mammal,with a flap attached to a stent member for formationa stent-flap element, as well as an anchoring element, thewithin the aorta, and that of the valve elementwith stent located spatially away.
Klappenprothesensystemedieser Art werden gewöhnlich zum Austausch von verletzten, schlecht-oder nicht funktionierenden Herzklappen eingesetzt. Herzklappenhalten im Herzen den in eine Richtung fließenden Blutstromaufrecht, indem sie sich in Abhängigkeit des Druckunterschiedesauf jeder Seite öffnen und schließen.Valve prostheses systemsof this kind are usually used to exchange injured, bador non-functioning heart valves. heart valveshold in your heart the unidirectional bloodstreamupright, depending on the pressure differenceopen and close on each side.
Nebenden Klappen des Sinus coronarius und der Klappe der unteren Hohlvenegibt es vier Herzklappen: die zwei atrioventrikulären(AV)-Klappen,die sicherstellen, dass das Blut von den Vorhöfen in dieHerzkammern fließt, und nicht anders herum, sowie die zweiSemilunar (SL) Klappen in den das Herz verlassenden Arterien, alsoin der Pulmonararterie und der Aorta, und die verhindern, dass Blutaus den Arterien zurück in die Herzkammern fließt.Die Aortenklappe, eine der Semilunarklappen, liegt zwischen derlinken Herzkammer und der Aorta. Bis auf die Mitralklappe bestehendie Herzklappen aus drei Herzklappensegeln, die dazu dienen, die Herzklappenim geschlossenen Zustand abzudichten.Nextthe valves of the coronary sinus and the valve of the inferior vena cavathere are four heart valves: the two atrio-ventricular (AV) valves,to make sure that the blood from the atria into theHerzkammern flows, and not the other way, as well as the twoSemilunar (SL) flaps into the arteries leaving the heart, soin the pulmonary artery and the aorta, and prevent bloodflows back from the arteries into the heart chambers.The aortic valve, one of the semilunar valves, lies between theleft ventricle and aorta. Consist of the mitral valvethe heart valves from three heart valve sails that serve the heart valvesseal in the closed state.
DieAortenklappe kann durch verschiedene Krankheiten beeinflusst sein,wodurch deren Austausch nötig sein kann, was wiederum bedeutet,dass die Aortenklappe eines Patienten durch eine andere Klappe ersetztwird. Die Klappe kann entweder undicht sein, d. h. einen Rückflusszulassen oder ineffizient arbeiten, in welchem Fall die Aortenklappenicht funktionsfähig ist, und Blut passiv zum Herzen undin die falsche Richtung zurückfließt. Darüberhinaus kann sich die Klappe teilweise verschließen, d.h. stenotisch sein, in welchem Fall die Klappe sich nicht mehr vollständig öffnenkann, wodurch sie wiederum den Blutfluss aus dem Herzen heraus behindert.Beide Zustände treten häufig gleichzeitig auf.TheAortic valve can be affected by various diseases,whereby their exchange may be necessary, which in turn meansthat the aortic valve of a patient replaced by another flapbecomes. The flap can either be leaking, d. H. a refluxallow or work inefficiently, in which case the aortic valveis not functional, and blood passively to the heart andflows back in the wrong direction. About thatIn addition, the flap may partially close, d.H. be stenotic, in which case the flap will not open completelywhich in turn hinders blood flow from the heart.Both states often occur simultaneously.
EinHerzklappenersatz macht üblicherweise eine vordere Sternotomienotwendig, und somit einen Eingriff am offenen Herzen, welcher einen schwerenEingriff am zu behandelnden Patienten bedeutet: Das Brustbein wirdin zwei Hälften geschnitten und der Patient wird, nachdemdas Perikard geöffnet wurde, an eine Herzlungenbypassmaschine angeschlossen.Sobald der Patient an den Bypass angeschlossen ist, wird die erkrankteAortenklappe des Patienten entfernt und eine mechanische oder Gewebe-Klappean deren Stelle gesetzt. Neben der physischen Belastung, die mitdieser Operation verbunden ist, bestehen darüber hinausdie Risiken, dass der Patient stirbt oder schwerwiegende Komplikationenaus dem Eingriff am offenen Herzen erleidet, was insbesondere vonder Gesundheit und dem Alter des Patienten abhängt.OneHeart valve replacement usually involves an anterior sternotomynecessary, and thus an intervention on the open heart, which a heavyIntervention on the patient to be treated means: the sternum becomescut in half and the patient becomes, afterthe pericardium was opened, connected to a heart lung bypass machine.Once the patient is connected to the bypass, the diseasedAortic valve of the patient removed and a mechanical or tissue flapput in their place. In addition to the physical burden associated withThis operation is connected beyondthe risks that the patient dies or serious complicationsfrom the open heart suffers, which in particular ofdepends on the health and age of the patient.
Injüngerer Zeit wurden Klappen entwickelt, die unter Verwendungeines Katheters ohne einen Eingriff am offenen Herzen implantiertwerden können.InMore recently, valves have been developed usinga catheter implanted without an open heart procedurecan be.
Gegenwärtigexistieren zwei grundlegende Arten an künstlichen Herzklappen,mechanische Klappen und Gewebeklappen. Gewebeherzklappen bestehengewöhnlicherweise aus Geweben von Tieren, entweder ausHerzklappengewebe von Tieren oder aus tierischem Perikardgewebe,die beide derart behandelt werden, dass eine Abstoßungund Kalzifizierung verhindert wird. Während mechanische Klappenim Allgemeinen dazu ausgebildet sind, die Lebensdauer eines Patientenzu überdauern, besitzen sie den Nachteil, dass aufgrundihres Materials ein erhöhtes Risiko zur Blutgerinnselbildungbesteht, das nur durch eine konstante Anti-Koagulationstherapieverhindert werden kann, wodurch der Patient stärker zuBlutungen neigt. Mechanische Herzklappen bestehen im Allgemeineninsgesamt aus synthetischen oder nicht biologischen Materialien,wohingegen Herzklappen aus Gewebe (oder Bioprothesen) aus synthetischenund biologischen Materialien bestehen. Herzklappenbioprothesen könnenentweder Xenografts darstellen, die einer Spezies entnommen werden,die sich vom Empfänger unterscheidet, oder Homografts,die Spenderklappen darstellen, die der gleichen Spezies wie diedes Empfängers entnommen wurden.CurrentlyThere are two basic types of artificial heart valves,mechanical valves and tissue valves. Tissue heart valves consistusually from tissues of animals, either fromHeart valve tissue of animals or of animal pericardial tissue,the two are treated in such a way that a repulsionand calcification is prevented. While mechanical flapsare generally designed to extend the life of a patientTo survive, they have the disadvantage of being dueTheir material increases the risk of blood clotsthat exists only through a constant anti-coagulation therapycan be prevented, which makes the patient strongerBleeding tends. Mechanical heart valves generally existall made of synthetic or non-biological materials,whereas heart valves made of tissue (or bioprostheses) of syntheticand biological materials. Heart valve bioprostheses caneither represent xenografts taken from a species,which differs from the recipient, or homografts,represent the donor flaps of the same species as thewere taken from the recipient.
Die
Ferneroffenbart die
Eingroßer Nachteil der im Stand der Technik bekannten Klappenist jedoch, dass sie nur unzureichend an der Stelle, an der dieKlappe mit der künstlichen Klappe ersetzt werden soll,sicher verankert werden können. Darüber hinausweisen viele Herzklappenersatzelemente keine Elemente auf, mit denendie künstliche Klappe hinreichend sicher an die Stelleder auszutauschenden natürlichen Klappe angebracht werdenkann. Daher besteht bei solchen Herzklappen des Standes der Technikdie Gefahr, dass die Klappe in das Gefäß wandertund dadurch die Anforderung einer Austauschklappe nicht länger erfüllenkann.A major disadvantage of the valves known in the art, however, is that they are inadequate at the point where the flap with the art union flap to be replaced, can be safely anchored. In addition, many heart valve replacement elements have no elements with which the artificial valve can be attached sufficiently securely to the place of the natural flap to be replaced. Therefore, with such prior art heart valves there is a risk that the valve will migrate into the vessel and thereby no longer be able to meet the requirement of a replacement valve.
Aufder anderen Seite stellen einige der Herzklappenersatzvorrichtungen,die im Stand der Technik bekannt sind, steife und unförmiggroße Vorrichtungen dar, damit sie in einem Gefäß sicherverankert werden können, weshalb solche Herzklappenersatzvorrichtungenoftmals zu einer Modifizierung der Gefäßanatomieführen, und konsequenterweise zu einer schlecht funktionierendenKlappe.Onon the other hand, some of the heart valve replacement devices,that are known in the art, stiff and bulkygreat devices for them to safely in a vesselcan be anchored, which is why such heart valve replacement devicesoften to a modification of the vascular anatomylead, and consequently to a malfunctioningFlap.
Vordiesem Hintergrund ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein neuesHerzklappenprothesensystem bereitzustellen, mit welchem die Nachteiledes Standes der Technik überwunden werden können,und welches es ermöglicht, die Klappenersatzvorrichtungsicher zu verankern, ohne Gefahr zu laufen, dass der Blutfluss indie benachbarten Gefäße blockiert oder verstopftwird.In frontThis is the object of the present invention, a new oneTo provide heart valve prosthesis system with which the disadvantagesof the prior art can be overcomeand which makes it possible, the valve replacement devicesafely anchor without risk of blood flow inthe neighboring vessels are blocked or blockedbecomes.
Dieder Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird durch ein Herzklappenprothesensystemder eingangs genannten Art gelöst, wobei das Verankerungselementein zylindrisches röhrenförmiges Element aufweist,das aus einer durch ein Metallnetz unterstützten Gewebestrukturbesteht, und wobei das Stent-Klappen-Element und das Verankerungselementzwei baulich getrennte Elemente darstellen, die mittels BandähnlichenVerbindungsmitteln verbunden sind, und zwar derart, dass zwischendem Stent-Klappen-Element und dem Verankerungselement ein Verbindungsabschnittim Allgemeinen frei von Fremdmaterial ist.TheThe object underlying the invention is achieved by a heart valve prosthesis systemsolved the type mentioned, wherein the anchoring elementhas a cylindrical tubular element,that from a metal net supported fabric structureand wherein the stent-flap element and the anchoring elementrepresent two structurally separate elements by means of band-likeConnection means are connected, in such a way that betweenthe stent-flap element and the anchoring element a connecting portionis generally free of foreign material.
Mitdem Herzklappenersatzsystem gemäß der Erfindungist es daher möglich, das System in einem Gefäß einesPatienten sicher zu verankern: Das Stent-Klappen-Element des Ersatzsystems,das die betroffene native Klappe ersetzen soll, wird überder nativen Klappe freigesetzt, beispielsweise durch Komprimierendes Stent-Klappen-Elements innerhalb eines Katheters und Freisetzendes Stent-Klappen-Elements über der zu ersetzenden Klappe. Gleichzeitigwird das Verankerungselement des Ersatzsystems, das mit dem Stent-Klappen-Element überVerbindungsmittel verbunden ist, in der Aorta nahe dem Stent-Klappen-Elementfreigesetzt, wodurch es das Stent-Klappen-Element an Ort und Stelleder nativen Klappe sowie das ganze System in dem Gefäß sicherverankert wird.Withthe heart valve replacement system according to the inventionIt is therefore possible to put the system in a jar of oneSafely Secure Patients: The Stent-Valve Element of the Replacement System,which is to replace the affected native flap, is aboutthe native flap released, for example by compressionof the stent-valve element within a catheter and releasingthe stent flap element above the flap to be replaced. simultaneouslyis the anchoring element of the replacement system, with the stent-flap element overConnecting means is connected in the aorta near the stent-valve elementreleased, which causes the stent-flap element in placethe native flap as well as the whole system in the vessel safelyanchored.
Darüberhinaus wird dadurch, dass der Verbindungsabschnitt zwischen demStent-Klappen-Element und dem Verankerungselement im Allgemeinen freivon Fremdmaterial ist, die Perfusion der Gefäße, die überhalbder Klappe liegen, insbesondere der Koronararterien, sichergestellt.About thatIn addition, because the connecting portion between theStent flap element and the anchoring element in general freeof foreign material is, the perfusion of the vessels, the over halfthe flap, especially the coronary arteries, ensured.
Nachder Freisetzung expandiert das Verankerungselement, das beispielsweiseim unteren Abschnitt der aufsteigenden Aorta platziert wird, derart, dasses gegen die Gefäßwand sicher anliegt, wodurchdessen zylindrisches röhrenförmiges Element, dasaus einer von einem Metallnetz getragenen Gewebestruktur gebildetist, in der Aorta verankert wird. Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass dasStent-Klappen-Element und das Verankerungselement durch die Verbindungsmittelvoneinander getrennt sind, und zwar derart, dass dazwischen einVerbindungsabschnitt gebildet wird, der im Allgemeinen frei vonMaterial ist, können die Gefäße, diein dem Bereich des unteren Abschnitts der aufsteigenden Aorta undin dem Bereich der Herzklappe abzweigen, immer noch mit Blut versorgtwerden.Tothe release expands the anchoring element, for exampleplaced in the lower section of the ascending aorta, such thatit rests securely against the vessel wall, therebyits cylindrical tubular member, theformed from a supported by a metal mesh fabric structureis anchored in the aorta. Due to the fact that theStent flap element and the anchoring element by the connecting meansare separated, in such a way that between aConnecting portion is generally free ofMaterial is, the vessels that canin the area of the lower section of the ascending aorta andbranch off in the area of the heart valve, still supplied with bloodbecome.
Dieder Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird daher vollständiggelöst.TheThe object underlying the invention is therefore completesolved.
ImRahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung soll der Ausdruck „imAllgemeinen frei von Material" bedeuten, dass neben den Band-ähnlichenVerbindungsmitteln keine anderen Materialien vorgesehen sind, umdas Stent-Klappen-Element und das Verankerungselement zu verbinden,und zwar derart, dass zwischen dem Stent-Klappen-Element und demVerankerungselement Abschnitte gebildet werden, die frei von jeglichemMaterial sind, und die dadurch quasi freie Öffnungen indem Ersatzsystem bilden.in theFor the purposes of the present invention, the term "imGenerally free of material "mean that in addition to the band-likeLanyards no other materials are provided toto connect the stent flap element and the anchoring element,in such a way that between the stent-flap element and theAnchoring element sections are formed, free of anyMaterial are, and thereby quasi-free openings inmake up the replacement system.
Fernersoll vorliegend der Ausdruck „Band-ähnlich" jedeForm von Verbindungsmitteln zwischen dem Stent-Klappen-Element unddem Verankerungselement bedeuten, das eine Band-, Strang-, Steg-oder Stab-ähnliche oder eine andere ähnliche Formbesitzt, und das daher ein dünnes oder feines Verbindungselementzwischen den beiden Elementen darstellt, das frei von irgendeinerAbdeckung ist.FurtherIn the present case, the term "band-like" is meant to be anyForm of connecting means between the stent-valve element andthe anchoring element, which is a strip, strand, webor rod-like or another similar shapehas, and therefore a thin or fine connecting elementrepresents between the two elements, free of anyCover is.
DerAusdruck „Verankerungselement" soll vorliegend jedes Elementbedeuten, das derart ausgebildet ist, dass durch dessen Anliegenan die Gefäßwände das System sicher anOrt und Stelle der Freisetzungsstelle gehalten wird.Of theThe term "anchoring element" is intended to mean any elementmean, which is designed such that by its concernsto the vessel walls the system safelyPlace and place of the release site is held.
DerAusdruck „auseinander liegend" bzw. „voneinandergetrennt" soll vorliegend bedeuten, dass das Verankerungselementund das Stent-Klappen-Element nicht direkt aneinander anliegen,sondern voneinander getrennt sind. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindungwerden die beiden Elemente des Ersatzsystems durch die Verbindungsmittelin einem Abstand voneinander gehalten, und daher getrennt.The expression "apart" or "separated from each other" is intended to mean that the anchoring element and the stent flap element do not lie directly against one another but are separated from one another. In the context of the present invention, the two elements the replacement system by the connecting means at a distance from each other, and therefore separated.
Untereinem „Stent" wird allgemein eine radial expandierbareEndoprothese verstanden, die ein typisches intravaskuläresImplantat darstellt, das transluminal implantiert wird, und dassich radial vergrößert oder expandiert, nachdemes eingeführt wurde. Stents können selbstexpandierendsein, oder mittels einer von innen angewandten radialen Kraft expandiertwerden, beispielsweise wenn sie auf einen Ballon aufgebracht undeingeführt werden.UnderA "stent" will generally be a radially expandable oneEndoprosthesis understood that a typical intravascularImplant implanted transluminal, and theradially enlarged or expanded afterit was introduced. Stents can be self-expandingbe expanded or expanded by means of an applied from the inside radial forcefor example, when applied to a balloon andbe introduced.
Ineiner bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfassendie Steg-ähnlichen Verbindungsmittel des Herzklappenprothesensystems Naht-oder mechanische Mittel, mittels welchen das Stent-Klappen-Elementmit dem Verankerungselement verbunden wird.Ina preferred embodiment of the inventionthe bridge-like connecting means of the heart valve prosthesis systemor mechanical means by which the stent-valve elementis connected to the anchoring element.
Dadurch,dass die Verbindungsmittel Nahtmittel oder mechanische Mittel aufweisen,oder vernäht werden, können die zwei Elemente,also das Stent-Klappen-Element und das Verankerungselement effektivund einfach miteinander verbunden werden, wobei sie gleichzeitigvoneinander getrennt bleiben und zwischen sich einen Verbindungsabschnittfreilassen, der im Allgemeinen frei von Material ist. Im Rahmender vorliegenden Erfindung bedeutet der Ausdruck „Nahtmittel"generell Materialien, die nicht starr sind, sondern eher flexibleFilamente oder Fasern darstellen.Thereby,in that the connecting means comprise suture means or mechanical means,or sewn, the two elements,so the stent-flap element and the anchoring element effectivelyand simply connect with each other while being at the same timestay separated from each other and between them a connecting sectionwhich is generally free of material. As part ofof the present invention, the term "suture means"generally materials that are not rigid but rather flexibleRepresent filaments or fibers.
Indiesem Zusammenhang ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Nahtmittel fadenähnlicheStrukturen darstellen. Unter „fadenförmige Strukturen"werden Fäden, Filamente oder Fasern oder Ähnlichesgemeint, die dazu geeignet sind, eine Nahtverbindung der beidenElemente der Klappenprothese zu bilden. So kann beispielsweise einbiokompatibler Faden dazu eingesetzt werden, die beiden Elementezu verbinden, wobei gleichzeitig ein bestimmter Abstand zwischenden beiden Elementen bereitgestellt wird, wodurch der Verbindungsabschnittgebildet wird, der im Allgemeinen frei von Material ist.InIn this connection, it is preferred if the stitching means are thread-likeRepresent structures. Under "thread-like structures"become filaments, filaments or fibers or the likemeant, which are suitable, a seam connection of the twoTo form elements of the valve prosthesis. For example, abiocompatible thread to be used, the two elementsto connect, while maintaining a certain distance betweenthe two elements is provided, whereby the connecting portionwhich is generally free of material.
DieFäden oder Nahtmittel, die in Verbindung mit der vorliegendenErfindung als Verbindungsmittel eingesetzt werden, könneninsbesondere Nahtmittel wie Fäden sein, die gegenwärtigim Gebiet der Medizin beispielsweise für chirurgische Nähteeingesetzt werden, und die biokompatibel sind und aus natürlichemoder synthetischem Material bestehen. Beispielhafte Materialien,die als Nahtmittel eingesetzt werden können, sind Polypropylen,Polyester, Polyethylen Terephthalat, Polybuylen Terephthalat, Polyamid,Nylon-Materialien, Goretex®, oderEdelstahl, NITINOL oder irgendeine andere Metalllegierung. Im Prinzipkann jedes biokompatible, nicht absorbierbare Nahtmittel eingesetztwerden, das sich für implantierbare medizinische Vorrichtungenals geeignet herausgestellt hat, oder das für derartigeZwecke sehr geeignet scheint.The sutures or sutures used in connection with the present invention as connecting means may in particular be suture means such as threads currently used in the medical field, for example for surgical sutures, which are biocompatible and made of natural or synthetic material. Exemplary materials that can be used as a suture means, polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, nylon materials, Goretex®, or stainless steel, nitinol, or any other metal alloy. In principle, any biocompatible, nonabsorbable suture that has been found to be suitable for implantable medical devices or that seems very suitable for such purposes may be employed.
Gemäß eineranderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weisendie Bandähnlichen Verbindungsmittel flexible, Steg-förmigeStrukturen auf, die jeweils über ihre Enden mit dem Stent-Klappen-Elementund mit dem Verankerungselement verbunden sind.According to oneanother preferred embodiment of the inventionthe band-like connecting means flexible, web-shapedStructures on, each over their ends with the stent flap elementand connected to the anchoring element.
ImRahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung soll der Ausdruck „Steg-förmig"irgendein Element bedeuten, das eine feste und gewöhnlichgerade Länge irgendeines Materials bildet, das zur Implantierungin den menschlichen Körper geeignet ist, und das beispielsweiseein Metall, etc. sein kann. Der Ausdruck „als Steg ausgebildet"kann ferner ein schmales Band oder Streifen aus einem eher steifenMaterial, wie beispielsweise Metall, bedeuten.in theIn the context of the present invention, the expression "bar-shaped"any element that means a solid and ordinarymakes straight length of any material that to implantis suitable in the human body, and that, for examplea metal, etc. can be. The expression "formed as a bridge"can also be a narrow band or strip of a rather stiffMaterial, such as metal mean.
Durchdie Verwendung von Steg-förmigen und eher festen Verbindungsmittelneiner bestimmten Länge wird ermöglicht, die beidenElemente, also das Stent-Klappen-Element und das Verankerungselementauseinander liegend zu halten, und zwar derart, dass ein Verbindungsabschnittgebildet wird, der im Allgemeinen frei von Material ist. Es verstehtsich, dass irgendein Material verwendet werden kann, das die Anforderungder oben genannten Definition des Ausdrucks „Steg-förmige"Verbindungsmittel erfüllt, solange es biokompatibel ist.Bythe use of web-shaped and rather strong fastenersa certain length is possible, the twoElements, so the stent-flap element and the anchoring elementkeep apart, in such a way that a connecting portionwhich is generally free of material. It understandsitself, that any material can be used that meets the requirementthe above definition of the term "bridge-shaped"Lanyard meets as long as it is biocompatible.
Darüberhinaus ermöglichen es die Verbindungsmittel, insbesonderedie Nahtmittel, die Distanz zwischen den beiden Elementen der Klappenprotheseindividuell festzulegen, was bedeutet, dass die Prothese ganz spezifischfür einen zu behandelnden Patienten angefertigt werdenkann. Dies ist von besonderem Vorteil, da die individuellen Zuständeund Bedingungen des Herzens, der Herzklappe und der Aorta sowieder abzweigenden Gefäße von Patient zu Patientstark variieren können.About thatIn addition, the connecting means make it possible, in particularthe suturing means, the distance between the two elements of the valve prosthesisindividually, which means that the prosthesis is very specificfor a patient to be treatedcan. This is of particular advantage since the individual statesand conditions of the heart, the heart valve and the aorta as wellthe branching vessels from patient to patientcan vary greatly.
Ineiner Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das Stent-Klappen-Elementmit dem Verankerungselement über die drei Segel der Klappenverbunden.Ina development of the invention is the stent-flap elementwith the anchoring element over the three sails of the flapsconnected.
Mitdem Ausdruck „Segel der Klappe" ist die Ausbildung derHerzklappe gemeint, nämlich mit drei Segeln, die 120° imumlaufenden Rand des Stents voneinander entfernt sind, überwelche die Nähte an den Klappensegeln angebracht werden.Withthe term "sail of the flap" is the training of theHeart valve meant, namely with three sails, the 120 ° in thecircumferential edge of the stent are separated from each otherwhich the seams are attached to the flap sails.
Ineiner Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist bevorzugt, wenn das Metallnetzdes zylindrischen röhrenförmigen Elements desVerankerungselements aus zumindest zwei mäanderförmigumlaufenden Metallringen besteht, die in der Längsrichtungdes Verankerungselements aufeinanderfolgend angeordnet sind, unddass die Gewebestruktur des zylindrischen röhrenförmigenElements aus einem Gewebematerial besteht, das an die Ringe fixiertwird, und diese dadurch verbindet, wobei das Gewebematerial einenhohlen zylindrischen Körper bildet.In a further development of the invention, it is preferred if the metal net of the cylindrical tubular element of the anchoring element consists of at least two meandering metal rings extending in the longitudinal direction of the Anchoring element are arranged successively, and that the fabric structure of the cylindrical tubular member consists of a fabric material which is fixed to the rings, and thereby connecting, wherein the fabric material forms a hollow cylindrical body.
DieseAusführungsform hat den Vorteil, dass vorgefertigte Stentsoder Stentgraftelemente als Verankerungselement in dem Herzklappenprothesensystemeingesetzt werden können. Solche Stentelemente oder Stentgraftelementesind im Stand der Technik bekannt, und sind beispielsweise in derdeutschen Patentanmeldung
Indiesem Zusammenhang ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Metallringe Z-förmigeProfile besitzen, mit Spitzbögen, die alternierend zumproximalen und zum distalen Ende des Verankerungselements weisen.InIn this context, it is preferred if the metal rings Z-shapedProfiles have, with pointed arches, alternating with thehave proximal and distal end of the anchoring element.
Ineiner Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist bevorzugt, wenn die Anzahlder Spitzbögen des letzten Ringes des proximalen Endesdes Verankerungselements kleiner ist als die Anzahl der Spitzbögenin den Ringen, die nachfolgend auf den letzten Ring in Richtungdes distalen Endes des Verankerungselements angeordnet sind.Ina development of the invention is preferred when the numberthe pointed arches of the last ring of the proximal endof the anchoring element is smaller than the number of pointed archesin the rings following the last ring towardsthe distal end of the anchoring element are arranged.
Hierbeiist besonders bevorzugt, wenn der letzte Ring des proximalen Endesdrei Spitzbögen aufweist, die in Richtung des proximalenEndes des Verankerungselements weisen, und insbesondere, wenn diedrei Segel des Stent-Klappen-Elements über die Verbindungsmittelmit den drei Spitzbögen verbunden sind.in this connectionis particularly preferred when the last ring of the proximal endhas three pointed arches that are in the direction of the proximalHave the end of the anchoring element, and in particular, if thethree sails of the stent flap element over the connecting meansassociated with the three pointed arches.
Ineiner bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dasStentelement des Stent-Klappen-Elements ein selbstexpandierendesStentelement. Es ist besonders bevorzugt, wenn das Stentelementdes Stent-Klappen-Elements ein Material mit Formgedächtnis(„shape-memory") aufweist, einschließlich zumindestein Polymer mit Formgedächtnis oder einem Metall mit Formgedächtnis,insbesondere Nitinol.Ina preferred embodiment of the invention is thatStent element of the stent flap element self-expandingStent member. It is particularly preferred if the stent elementof the stent-valve element is a shape memory material("Shape-memory"), including at leasta shape memory or shape memory metal,especially nitinol.
Solcheselbstexpandierenden Stentelemente enthalten ein elastisches Material,das sich nach auswärts, also radial, expandieren kann,sobald Kräfte, die zum Komprimieren des Materials zur Einführungdes Stentelements in ein Gefäß ausgeübtwerden, beispielsweise mittels einer Hülle, entfernt werden.Für diesen Zweck wird vorzugsweise Nitinol eingesetzt,das auch Formgedächtnis-Eigenschaften besitzen kann. DerRahmen des Stents ist aus diesem Material gefertigt, und besitztvorzugweise eine röhrenförmige Struktur, die gewöhnlicheinen leicht größeren Durchmesser als das Gefäß besitzt,in das es implantiert werden soll. Der Vorteil dieser Maßnahmeist, dass der Stent aufgrund seiner Superelastizität nachseiner Freisetzung aus einem komprimierten Zustand, der zur Einführungder Prothese verwendet wird, automatisch seine ursprüngliche Formwieder einnimmt.Suchself-expanding stent elements contain an elastic material,that can expand outward, ie radially,as soon as forces are introduced to compress the materialof the stent member exerted in a vesselbe removed, for example by means of a shell.Nitinol is preferably used for this purpose,which may also possess shape memory properties. Of theFrame of the stent is made of this material, and ownspreferably a tubular structure, usuallyhas a slightly larger diameter than the vessel,into which it is to be implanted. The advantage of this measureis that the stent is due to its superelasticity afterits release from a compressed state leading to the introductionthe prosthesis is used, automatically its original shapetakes up again.
Ähnlichist es bevorzugt, wenn das Metallnetz des Verankerungselements ausRingen besteht, die ein Form-Gedächtnismaterial aufweisen,einschließlich mindestens eines Form-Gedächtnispolymersoder einem Metall mit Formgedächtnis, insbesondere Nitinol.Similarit is preferred if the metal mesh of the anchoring elementRings exists, which have a shape memory material,including at least one shape memory polymeror a shape memory metal, in particular nitinol.
Ineiner anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindungweist die Gewebestruktur des Verankerungselements ein Material auf,das ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe Polymere, vorzugsweise Polyester.Inanother preferred embodiment of the inventionthe fabric structure of the anchoring element comprises a material,which is selected from the group of polymers, preferably polyester.
SolcheGewebestrukturen, die mit Stents verwendet werden, um Stentgraftszu bilden, sind im Allgemeinen im Stand der Technik bekannt, undkönnen irgendein naturliches oder synthetisches Polymeraufweisen, das biokompatibel ist und das als „Mantel" fürden Stentrahmen innerhalb des Rahmens der vorliegenden Erfindung geeignetist. Darüber hinaus können die Polymere mit einermedizinisch aktiven Substanz oder irgendeiner anderen Substanz beschichtetsein, um einen Zustand eines Patienten an der Stelle der Implantierungder Prothese zu beeinflussen und/oder zu behandeln. Diese Maßnahmeist per se bekannt, und die medizinischen aktiven Substanzen könnenbeispielsweise eine Stenose verhindern, die Heilung von Wunden innerhalb derWand eines Gefäßes beschleunigen, oder die Entwicklungvon Entzündungen verhindern. Darüber hinaus kanndas Netz des Verankerungselements und/oder des Stent-Klappen-Elementsmit einer medizinisch aktiven Substanz beschichtet oder behandeltsein.SuchTissue structures used with stents to stent graftsare generally known in the art, andcan be any natural or synthetic polymerwhich is biocompatible and which serves as a "mantle" forthe stent frame within the scope of the present inventionis. In addition, the polymers can with amedically active substance or any other substance coatedbe a condition of a patient at the site of implantationto influence and / or treat the prosthesis. This measureis known per se, and the medical active substances canFor example, to prevent a stenosis, the healing of wounds within theAccelerate wall of a vessel, or developmentprevent inflammation. In addition, canthe mesh of the anchoring element and / or the stent flap elementcoated or treated with a medically active substancebe.
Ineiner Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist bevorzugt, wenn die Klappeeine Herzklappe ist, die ein Material aufweist, das ausgewähltist aus menschlichem, Rinder-, Schweine- oder Pferdeperikardgewebe.Die Klappe kann daher entweder ein Xenograft oder ein Homograftsein. Insbesondere ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Materialien beispielsweisemit Glutaraldehyd behandelt sind. Das biokompatible Material, dasals Klappenersatz eingesetzt werden soll, ist gewöhnlichdurch Fixierung des Materials in einer Glutaraldehydlösunghergestellt, das als Gewebekonservierungsmittel fungiert. Obgleichdie Fixierung in Glutaraldehyd Nachteile hinsichtlich einer Biomaterial-Verkalkungnach sich ziehen kann, bleibt eine Fixierung mit Glutaraldehyd dennochdas Verfahren der Wahl zur Konservierung von Gewebe und zu dessenVorbereitung zur Implantierung als Biomaterial. In diesem Zusammenhangist es bevorzugt, wenn die Klappenprothese mit einer Substanz behandeltwird, die eine Kalzifizierung verhindert, beispielsweise mit Dimethylsulfoxid,oder Ähnlichem.In a development of the invention, it is preferred if the flap is a heart valve which has a material which is selected from human, bovine, porcine or horse pericardial tissue. The flap can therefore be either a xenograft or a homograft. In particular, it is preferred if the materials are treated, for example, with glutaraldehyde. The biocompatible material to be used as a valve replacement is usually made by fixing the material in a glutaraldehyde solution which acts as a tissue preservative. Although fixation into glutaraldehyde may have disadvantages in terms of biomaterial calcification, glutaraldehyde fixation remains the method of choice for preserving tissue and preparing it for implantation as a biomaterial. In this context, it is preferable if the Valve prosthesis is treated with a substance that prevents calcification, for example with dimethyl sulfoxide, or the like.
Dievorliegende Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellungeiner wie hierin offenbarten Herzklappenprothese, wobei das Verfahrendie folgenden Schritte aufweist:
Esist insbesondere bevorzugt, wenn die Band-ähnlichen Verbindungsmittel,die zur Verbindung des Stent-Klappen-Elements und des Verankerungselementseingesetzt werden, Nahtmittel und/oder mechanische Mittel sind.Itis particularly preferred when the tape-like connecting means,for connecting the stent flap element and the anchoring elementused, suture means and / or mechanical means are.
DieKlappenprothese gemäß der Erfindung wird unterVerwendung eines endovaskulären Katheters in das Herz platziert.Die Freisetzungsstelle kann in drei unterschiedlichen Wegen erreichtwerden:
Esversteht sich, dass die erwähnten Merkmale, die nachstehenddetaillierter diskutiert werden, nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenenKombination sondern auch in Alleinstellung oder in anderen Kombinationeneingesetzt werden können, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegendenErfindung zu verlassen.Itit is understood that the features mentioned belowbe discussed in more detail, not only in the respectively specifiedCombination but also in isolation or in other combinationscan be used without the scope of the presentTo leave invention.
DieErfindung wird durch die Beschreibung und die beigefügtenFiguren näher beschrieben. Diese zeigen:TheInvention is covered by the description and the attachedFigures described in more detail. These show:
In
Wennwährend der Kammersystole der Druck in der linken Herzkammer
BeiPatienten mit einer erkrankten und/oder schlecht funktionierendenAortenklappe
In
Inder gezeigten Ausführungsform stellt das Verankerungselement
Wieferner aus
In
Wie
Wieferner
Bezugnehmend auf
Inder in
In
Daherbleibt mit den beispielhaft in den Ausführungsformen von
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Listeder vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisierterzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Informationdes Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschenPatent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmtkeinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This listThe documents listed by the applicant have been automatedgenerated and is solely for better informationrecorded by the reader. The list is not part of the GermanPatent or utility model application. The DPMA takes overno liability for any errors or omissions.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200820009610DE202008009610U1 (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | Prosthetic heart valve system | 
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200820009610DE202008009610U1 (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | Prosthetic heart valve system | 
| Publication Number | Publication Date | 
|---|---|
| DE202008009610U1true DE202008009610U1 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200820009610Expired - LifetimeDE202008009610U1 (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2008-07-17 | Prosthetic heart valve system | 
| Country | Link | 
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| DE (1) | DE202008009610U1 (en) | 
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| DE202008009610U1 (en) | Prosthetic heart valve system | |
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| EP3528748B2 (en) | Intraluminal vessel prosthesis for implantation into the heart or cardiac vessels of a patient | |
| EP3863567B1 (en) | Implant for treating and/or for replacing an inflamed, thrombosed or degenerated heart valve | |
| DE69016426T2 (en) | BIOLOGICAL VALVE PROSTHESIS. | |
| DE69829573T2 (en) | SHORT ENDOPROTHESIS | |
| DE60127530T2 (en) | IMPLANTABLE VASCULAR DEVICE | |
| DE60111184T2 (en) | ARTIFICIAL HEART FLAP | |
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| EP1942834B1 (en) | Self-expandable medical instrument for treatment of defects on a patient s heart | |
| DE69922514T2 (en) | IMPLANT FOR THE MYOCARDIUM | |
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| DE8327414U1 (en) | HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS | |
| DE212010000177U1 (en) | Support system for bioprosthetic valves with commissure supports with heart-shaped openings | |
| WO2016045808A1 (en) | System and method for replacing a heart valve that is diseased owing to inflammation or an infection | |
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| US20230363901A1 (en) | Transcatheter valve for venous insufficiency | |
| EP2522309A1 (en) | Valve for a heart valve prosthesis | |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description | 
|---|---|---|---|
| R207 | Utility model specification | Effective date:20090115 | |
| R150 | Term of protection extended to 6 years | ||
| R150 | Term of protection extended to 6 years | Effective date:20111130 | |
| R151 | Term of protection extended to 8 years | ||
| R151 | Term of protection extended to 8 years | Effective date:20140911 | |
| R152 | Term of protection extended to 10 years | ||
| R071 | Expiry of right |