Die Erfindung betrifft einen Katheter zur transmyokardialen Revaskularisation mit einem lenkbaren, mehrlumigen Mutterkatheter und einer Mehrzahl von von dem Mutterkatheter geführten, einzeln lenkbaren Tochterkathetern, wobei wenigstens zwei der Tochterkatheter an ihrem distalen Ende mit einer Einrichtung zu des sen Fixation an der Innenwandung des Herzens versehen ist und ein weiteres der Tochterkatheter mit einer Einrichtung zum Einbringen eines feinen Lochs in die Innenwandung des Herzens versehen ist.The invention relates to a catheter for transmyocaricdial revascularization with a steerable, multi-lumigene catheter and a plurality of of the courageguided catheter, individually steerable daughter cattern, with at least two of the daughter catheters on their distal end with a device for its fixationis provided on the inner wall of the heart and aanother of the daughter catheters with a device forMake a fine hole in the inner wall of theHeart is provided.
In der EP 0 515 867 A2 wird ein Katheter beschrieben, das zur transmyokardialen Revaskularisation dient, also zur Einbringung von Löchern in die Innenwandung des Herzens.EP 0 515 867 A2 describes a catheterthat serves for transmyocardial revascularization, sofor making holes in the inner wall of the Herzens.
Die Einbringung von Löchern in die Myokardwand kann bewirken, daß minder durchblutete Herzmuskelbezirke mit Sauerstoff aus der linken Herzkammer versorgt werden. Ein solcher Eingriff kann in vielen Fällen ansonsten erforderliche Bypassoperationen oder Ballondilatationen langfristig vermeiden lassen.The introduction of holes in the myocardial wall can bework that less circulated cardiac muscle areas withOxygen are supplied from the left ventricle.Such an intervention can otherwise he in many casesrequired bypass surgery or balloon dilationlong-term avoidance.
Bei einem solchen Eingriff sind die Kontrolle und die Steuerung des Ortes und der Tiefe des in das Myokard einzubringenden Loches von großer Bedeutung: Die Löcher sind in einem vorgegebenen Bereich mit möglichst regelmäßigen Abständen einzubringen, die Tiefe der Löcher ist der Dicke des Myokard entsprechend zu bestimmen, wobei ein Durchdringen des Myokards zuverlässig ausgeschlossen sein muß.With such an intervention, the control and theControl the location and depth of the myocardiumhole of great importance: the holesare in a given area with rules as possiblespacing, the depth of the holes isto determine the thickness of the myocardium, wherebypenetration of the myocardium is reliably excludedhave to be.
Der Erfindung liegt damit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Katheter zur transmyokardialen Revaskularisation zu schaffen, bei der eine bessere Kontrolle des Ortes und der Tiefe der in das Myokard eingebrachten Löcher möglich ist.The invention is therefore based on the task of a cathetero to transmyocardial revascularizationwhere better control of the place and theDepth of the holes made in the myocardium possibleis.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß wenigstens einige der Tochterkatheter im Bereich ihrer distalen Enden mit über das Katheter anzusteuernden piezoelektrischen Elementen zum Aussenden und zum Empfangen von Ultraschallenergie versehen sind.According to the invention this object is achieved in thatat least some of the daughter catheters in the area of theirsdistal ends with pie to be controlled via the catheterzoelectric elements for sending and receivingare provided with ultrasonic energy.
Dabei können die piezoelektrischen Elemente der Fixationskatheter, aber auch des Lochungskatheters als die Fixationseinrichtung bzw. die Lochungseinrichtung ringförmig umgebende Piezofolie ausgebildet sein.The piezoelectric elements of the Fixation catheter, but also of the perforated catheter as the fixationseinrichtung or the perforation device ringförmig surrounding piezo film.
Die Ausgestaltung der Fixationseinrichtung ist nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung, es kann sich dabei beispielsweise um einen Bohrhaken handeln oder aber um einen Saugkopf. Auch die Ausgestaltung der Lochungseinrichtung ist nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung, dabei kann es sich um eine Laserfiber, eine Nadel, einen Heizdraht oder einen Hochdruckstrahl handeln.The design of the fixation device is not Gesubject of the invention, it can for examplese a hook or a suctionhead. The design of the punching device is alsonot the subject of the invention, it can bea laser fiber, a needle, a heating wire or oneAct high pressure jet.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung erläutert. Dabei zeigt:The invention is described below with reference to a drawingexplained. It shows:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Katheters,Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the catheter,
Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Schnittansicht durch das Katheter,Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view through the heter Kat,
Fig. 3 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des distalen Teiles des Katheters, wobei anders als bei dem in denFig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Katheter3 Fixations-Tochterkatheter vorgesehen sind, undFig. 3 is an enlarged view of the distal Tei les of the catheter, unlike the example shown inFigs. 1 and 2 catheter3 fixation daughter catheters are provided, and
Fig. 4 einen zur Darstellung dienenden PC.Fig. 4 is a PC used for illustration.
Das inFig. 1 gezeigte Katheter besteht aus einem Mutterkatheter10, das drei Tochterkatheter12,14 führt. Die beiden Tochterkatheter12 sind an ihrem distalen Ende mit einem Bohrhaken16 versehen, der zur Fixation des freien Endes des Katheters an der Innenwandung des Herzens dient. Das dritte Tochterkatheter14 ist an seinem freien Ende mit einer Einrichtung18 versehen, die dazu in der Lage ist, ein feines Loch in die Innenwandung des Herzens einzubringen. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel kann es sich dabei insbesondere um das Ende eines Laserfibers oder aber um einen mit hochfrequenter Energie beaufschlagten Draht handeln.The catheter shown inFig. 1 consists of a Mut terkatheter10 , which leads three daughter catheters12 ,14 . The two daughter catheters12 are provided at their distal end with a hook16 , which serves to fix the free end of the catheter to the inner wall of the heart. The third daughter catheter14 is provided at its free end with a device18 which is able to make a fine hole in the inner wall of the heart. In the illustrated embodiment, for example, it can be, in particular, the end of a laser fiber or a wire subjected to high-frequency energy.
Die Fixationskatheter12 sind am proximalen Ende des Katheters über jeweils einen Steuerdraht18 in ihrer Ausrichtung steuerbar, der Steuerdraht18 dient weiter dazu, den Bohrkopf16 in die Wandung des Myokards einzuschrauben und die Tochterkatheter so zu fixieren. Das Lochungskatheter14 ist mit einem Steuerdraht20 versehen, der zur Ausrichtung seines distalen Endes dient, sowie mit einer die Energie - im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel Laserlicht - zu dem distalen Ende zu führen.The fixation catheter12 can be controlled at the proximal end of the catheter via a control wire18 in each case in its orientation, the control wire18 also serves to screw the drill head16 into the wall of the myocardium and thus fix the daughter catheter. The perforated catheter14 is provided with a control wire20 , which serves to align its distal end, and with an energy — in the exemplary embodiment shown, laser light — to lead to the distal end.
Die Tochterkatheter sind über jeweils ein haemostatisches Ventil24 bzw.26 aus dem Mutterkatheter10 herausgeführt. Das Mutterkatheter10 ist über einen Lenkkanal26 steuerbar.The daughter catheters are each made via a haemostatic valve24 or26 from the mother catheter10 . The mother catheter10 can be controlled via a Lenkka channel26 .
Die Fixationskatheter14 tragen im Bereich ihrer distalen Austrittsenden eine ringförmige Piezofolie28, das distale Austrittsende des Lochungskatheters14 eine ringförmig ausgebildete Piezofolie30. Die Piezofolien28,30 werden über - nicht dargestellte - sehr feine elektrische Leitungen angesteuert und zum Aussenden von Ultraschallwellen erregt. Entsprechend werden empfangene Ultraschallwellen über diese Leitungen zu einer Auswerteausrichtung geführt.The fixation catheters14 carry an annular piezofilm28 in the region of their distal outlet ends, and the distal outlet end of the perforated catheter14 an annular piezofilm30 . The piezo foils28 ,30 are controlled via very fine electrical lines (not shown) and excited to emit ultrasonic waves. Correspondingly, received ultrasound waves are guided to an evaluation orientation via these lines.
Bei Verwendung des Katheters werden zunächst die Fixationskatheter14 am Myokard angeheftet. Wenn nun die Piezofolie30 auf dem Lochungskatheter16 erregt wird, sendet dieses Ultraschallwellen aus, die von den Piezofolien28 an den Enden der Katheter14 empfangen werden. Durch eine Messung der Laufzeit, die der Ultraschall benötigt, um von dem Lochungskatheter16 zu den Fixationskathetern14 zu wandern, kann in als Peiltechnik bekannten Verfahren der Ort der Lochungseinrichtung18 relativ zu den Fixationseinrichtungen16 ermittelt werden. Auf entsprechende Weise kann auch der Ort der Fixationseinrichtungen16 relativ zueinander und zu der Lochungseinrichtung18 ermittelt werden. Auf diese Weise können der Ort der freien Enden der wenigstens drei Katheter eindeutig bestimmt und auf einer Auswerteeinrichtung inFig. 4 durch den PC34 angedeutet, auf einem Bildschirm dargestellt werden.When using the catheter, the fixation catheters14 are first attached to the myocardium. If the piezo film30 on the perforated catheter16 is now excited, this detects ultrasonic waves which are received by the piezo films28 at the ends of the catheters14 . By measuring the transit time, which the ultrasound requires to travel from the perforation catheter16 to the fixation catheters14 , the location of the perforation device18 relative to the fixation devices16 can be determined in methods known as bearing technology. In a corresponding manner, the location of the Fixationsein devices16 relative to each other and to the Lochungsein device18 can be determined. In this way, the location of the free ends of the at least three catheters can be clearly determined and indicated on an evaluation device inFIG. 4 by the PC34 and displayed on a screen.
Dabei ist es möglich, die Orte, an denen bereits eine Lasion in Form eines Loches in das Myokard eingebracht worden ist, markieren, der Ort, an dem sich die Lochungseinrichtung18 befindet (inFig. 4 durch ein "x" angedeutet) kann dargestellt und so ein geeigneter Ort für das Setzen eines weiteren Lochs von dem Operateur bestimmt werden.It is possible to mark the locations at which a lesion in the form of a hole has already been introduced into the myocardium, the location at which the loosening device18 is located (indicated by an "x" inFIG. 4) shown and so a suitable location for making another hole can be determined by the surgeon.
Die piezoelektrischen Elemente20,22 an den Austrittsenden der Katheter14,16 können auch dazu genutzt werden, die Dicke des Myokards zu ermitteln, um eine für den jeweiligen Fall geeignete Tiefe des in die Herzinnenwandung einzubringenden Lochs zu bestimmen. Eine entsprechende Darstellung des Myokards in ihrer Dicke und der Ort der in das Loch einzudringenden Lochungseinrichtung18 ist auf einfache Weise durch ein bildgebendes Verfahren unter Nutzung der von den Piezoelementen20,22 ausgesandten und wieder empfangenen Signalen möglich, indem das Echo von der Grenzlinie zwischen der Außenseite des Myokards und des dieses umgebenden Gewebes erfaßt und ausgewertet wird.The piezoelectric elements20 ,22 send to the outlet of the catheters14 ,16 can also be used to determine the thickness of the myocardium in order to determine a depth of the hole to be made in the inner wall of the heart that is suitable for the respective case. A corresponding representation of the myocardium in its thickness and the location of the hole to be penetrated Lochungseinrich device18 is possible in a simple manner by an imaging method using the signals emitted by the piezo elements20 ,22 and received again by the echo from the boundary line between the outside of the myocardium and the surrounding tissue is detected and evaluated.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19537084ADE19537084A1 (en) | 1995-10-05 | 1995-10-05 | Catheter for transmyocardial revasculation with guidable multi=ID main catheter |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19537084ADE19537084A1 (en) | 1995-10-05 | 1995-10-05 | Catheter for transmyocardial revasculation with guidable multi=ID main catheter |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19537084A1true DE19537084A1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19537084AWithdrawnDE19537084A1 (en) | 1995-10-05 | 1995-10-05 | Catheter for transmyocardial revasculation with guidable multi=ID main catheter |
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| DE (1) | DE19537084A1 (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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