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DE19537084A1 - Catheter for transmyocardial revasculation with guidable multi=ID main catheter - Google Patents

Catheter for transmyocardial revasculation with guidable multi=ID main catheter

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Publication number
DE19537084A1
DE19537084A1DE19537084ADE19537084ADE19537084A1DE 19537084 A1DE19537084 A1DE 19537084A1DE 19537084 ADE19537084 ADE 19537084ADE 19537084 ADE19537084 ADE 19537084ADE 19537084 A1DE19537084 A1DE 19537084A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
catheter
wall
fixation
heart
catheters
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DE19537084A
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German (de)
Inventor
Hans-Hinrich Prof Dr M Sievers
Wolfgang Kloess
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SIEVERS HANS HINRICH PROF DR M
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SIEVERS HANS HINRICH PROF DR M
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Priority to DE19537084ApriorityCriticalpatent/DE19537084A1/en
Publication of DE19537084A1publicationCriticalpatent/DE19537084A1/en
Withdrawnlegal-statusCriticalCurrent

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Abstract

The catheter has a main catheter (10) and multiple auxiliary catheters (12, 14). At least two of the auxiliary catheters are provided with a unit (16) for fixation at the inner wall of the heart. Some of the auxiliary catheters at least are provided with piezoelectric elements in the region of their distal ends, to be controlled across the catheter, for the transmission and the reception of ultrasonic energy. The piezoelectric element of the fixation catheter is designed as a piezofoil (20), surround annularly the fixation unit (16). The auxiliary catheter (14) has a unit (18) for piercing a fine hole in the inner wall of the heart. This unit is a laser beam unit.

Description

Translated fromGerman

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Katheter zur transmyokar­dialen Revaskularisation mit einem lenkbaren, mehrlumi­gen Mutterkatheter und einer Mehrzahl von von dem Mut­terkatheter geführten, einzeln lenkbaren Tochterkathe­tern, wobei wenigstens zwei der Tochterkatheter an ihrem distalen Ende mit einer Einrichtung zu des sen Fixation an der Innenwandung des Herzens versehen ist und ein weiteres der Tochterkatheter mit einer Einrichtung zum Einbringen eines feinen Lochs in die Innenwandung des Herzens versehen ist.The invention relates to a catheter for transmyocaricdial revascularization with a steerable, multi-lumigene catheter and a plurality of of the courageguided catheter, individually steerable daughter cattern, with at least two of the daughter catheters on their distal end with a device for its fixationis provided on the inner wall of the heart and aanother of the daughter catheters with a device forMake a fine hole in the inner wall of theHeart is provided.

In der EP 0 515 867 A2 wird ein Katheter beschrieben, das zur transmyokardialen Revaskularisation dient, also zur Einbringung von Löchern in die Innenwandung des Her­zens.EP 0 515 867 A2 describes a catheterthat serves for transmyocardial revascularization, sofor making holes in the inner wall of the Herzens.

Die Einbringung von Löchern in die Myokardwand kann be­wirken, daß minder durchblutete Herzmuskelbezirke mit Sauerstoff aus der linken Herzkammer versorgt werden. Ein solcher Eingriff kann in vielen Fällen ansonsten er­forderliche Bypassoperationen oder Ballondilatationen langfristig vermeiden lassen.The introduction of holes in the myocardial wall can bework that less circulated cardiac muscle areas withOxygen are supplied from the left ventricle.Such an intervention can otherwise he in many casesrequired bypass surgery or balloon dilationlong-term avoidance.

Bei einem solchen Eingriff sind die Kontrolle und die Steuerung des Ortes und der Tiefe des in das Myokard einzubringenden Loches von großer Bedeutung: Die Löcher sind in einem vorgegebenen Bereich mit möglichst regel­mäßigen Abständen einzubringen, die Tiefe der Löcher ist der Dicke des Myokard entsprechend zu bestimmen, wobei ein Durchdringen des Myokards zuverlässig ausgeschlossen sein muß.With such an intervention, the control and theControl the location and depth of the myocardiumhole of great importance: the holesare in a given area with rules as possiblespacing, the depth of the holes isto determine the thickness of the myocardium, wherebypenetration of the myocardium is reliably excludedhave to be.

Der Erfindung liegt damit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Kat­heter zur transmyokardialen Revaskularisation zu schaf­fen, bei der eine bessere Kontrolle des Ortes und der Tiefe der in das Myokard eingebrachten Löcher möglich ist.The invention is therefore based on the task of a cathetero to transmyocardial revascularizationwhere better control of the place and theDepth of the holes made in the myocardium possibleis. 

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß wenigstens einige der Tochterkatheter im Bereich ihrer distalen Enden mit über das Katheter anzusteuernden pie­zoelektrischen Elementen zum Aussenden und zum Empfangen von Ultraschallenergie versehen sind.According to the invention this object is achieved in thatat least some of the daughter catheters in the area of theirsdistal ends with pie to be controlled via the catheterzoelectric elements for sending and receivingare provided with ultrasonic energy.

Dabei können die piezoelektrischen Elemente der Fixati­onskatheter, aber auch des Lochungskatheters als die Fi­xationseinrichtung bzw. die Lochungseinrichtung ringför­mig umgebende Piezofolie ausgebildet sein.The piezoelectric elements of the Fixation catheter, but also of the perforated catheter as the fixationseinrichtung or the perforation device ringförmig surrounding piezo film.

Die Ausgestaltung der Fixationseinrichtung ist nicht Ge­genstand der Erfindung, es kann sich dabei beispielswei­se um einen Bohrhaken handeln oder aber um einen Saug­kopf. Auch die Ausgestaltung der Lochungseinrichtung ist nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung, dabei kann es sich um eine Laserfiber, eine Nadel, einen Heizdraht oder einen Hochdruckstrahl handeln.The design of the fixation device is not Gesubject of the invention, it can for examplese a hook or a suctionhead. The design of the punching device is alsonot the subject of the invention, it can bea laser fiber, a needle, a heating wire or oneAct high pressure jet.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung erläutert. Dabei zeigt:The invention is described below with reference to a drawingexplained. It shows:

Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Katheters,Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the catheter,

Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Schnittansicht durch das Kat­heter,Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view through the heter Kat,

Fig. 3 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des distalen Tei­les des Katheters, wobei anders als bei dem in denFig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Katheter3 Fixations-Tochterkatheter vorgesehen sind, undFig. 3 is an enlarged view of the distal Tei les of the catheter, unlike the example shown inFigs. 1 and 2 catheter3 fixation daughter catheters are provided, and

Fig. 4 einen zur Darstellung dienenden PC.Fig. 4 is a PC used for illustration.

Das inFig. 1 gezeigte Katheter besteht aus einem Mut­terkatheter10, das drei Tochterkatheter12,14 führt. Die beiden Tochterkatheter12 sind an ihrem distalen En­de mit einem Bohrhaken16 versehen, der zur Fixation des freien Endes des Katheters an der Innenwandung des Her­zens dient. Das dritte Tochterkatheter14 ist an seinem freien Ende mit einer Einrichtung18 versehen, die dazu in der Lage ist, ein feines Loch in die Innenwandung des Herzens einzubringen. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungs­beispiel kann es sich dabei insbesondere um das Ende ei­nes Laserfibers oder aber um einen mit hochfrequenter Energie beaufschlagten Draht handeln.The catheter shown inFig. 1 consists of a Mut terkatheter10 , which leads three daughter catheters12 ,14 . The two daughter catheters12 are provided at their distal end with a hook16 , which serves to fix the free end of the catheter to the inner wall of the heart. The third daughter catheter14 is provided at its free end with a device18 which is able to make a fine hole in the inner wall of the heart. In the illustrated embodiment, for example, it can be, in particular, the end of a laser fiber or a wire subjected to high-frequency energy.

Die Fixationskatheter12 sind am proximalen Ende des Katheters über jeweils einen Steuerdraht18 in ihrer Ausrichtung steuerbar, der Steuerdraht18 dient weiter dazu, den Bohrkopf16 in die Wandung des Myokards einzu­schrauben und die Tochterkatheter so zu fixieren. Das Lochungskatheter14 ist mit einem Steuerdraht20 verse­hen, der zur Ausrichtung seines distalen Endes dient, sowie mit einer die Energie - im dargestellten Ausfüh­rungsbeispiel Laserlicht - zu dem distalen Ende zu füh­ren.The fixation catheter12 can be controlled at the proximal end of the catheter via a control wire18 in each case in its orientation, the control wire18 also serves to screw the drill head16 into the wall of the myocardium and thus fix the daughter catheter. The perforated catheter14 is provided with a control wire20 , which serves to align its distal end, and with an energy — in the exemplary embodiment shown, laser light — to lead to the distal end.

Die Tochterkatheter sind über jeweils ein haemostati­sches Ventil24 bzw.26 aus dem Mutterkatheter10 her­ausgeführt. Das Mutterkatheter10 ist über einen Lenkka­nal26 steuerbar.The daughter catheters are each made via a haemostatic valve24 or26 from the mother catheter10 . The mother catheter10 can be controlled via a Lenkka channel26 .

Die Fixationskatheter14 tragen im Bereich ihrer dista­len Austrittsenden eine ringförmige Piezofolie28, das distale Austrittsende des Lochungskatheters14 eine ringförmig ausgebildete Piezofolie30. Die Piezofolien28,30 werden über - nicht dargestellte - sehr feine elektrische Leitungen angesteuert und zum Aussenden von Ultraschallwellen erregt. Entsprechend werden empfangene Ultraschallwellen über diese Leitungen zu einer Auswert­eausrichtung geführt.The fixation catheters14 carry an annular piezofilm28 in the region of their distal outlet ends, and the distal outlet end of the perforated catheter14 an annular piezofilm30 . The piezo foils28 ,30 are controlled via very fine electrical lines (not shown) and excited to emit ultrasonic waves. Correspondingly, received ultrasound waves are guided to an evaluation orientation via these lines.

Bei Verwendung des Katheters werden zunächst die Fixati­onskatheter14 am Myokard angeheftet. Wenn nun die Pie­zofolie30 auf dem Lochungskatheter16 erregt wird, sen­det dieses Ultraschallwellen aus, die von den Piezofo­lien28 an den Enden der Katheter14 empfangen werden. Durch eine Messung der Laufzeit, die der Ultraschall be­nötigt, um von dem Lochungskatheter16 zu den Fixations­kathetern14 zu wandern, kann in als Peiltechnik bekann­ten Verfahren der Ort der Lochungseinrichtung18 relativ zu den Fixationseinrichtungen16 ermittelt werden. Auf entsprechende Weise kann auch der Ort der Fixationsein­richtungen16 relativ zueinander und zu der Lochungsein­richtung18 ermittelt werden. Auf diese Weise können der Ort der freien Enden der wenigstens drei Katheter ein­deutig bestimmt und auf einer Auswerteeinrichtung inFig. 4 durch den PC34 angedeutet, auf einem Bildschirm dargestellt werden.When using the catheter, the fixation catheters14 are first attached to the myocardium. If the piezo film30 on the perforated catheter16 is now excited, this detects ultrasonic waves which are received by the piezo films28 at the ends of the catheters14 . By measuring the transit time, which the ultrasound requires to travel from the perforation catheter16 to the fixation catheters14 , the location of the perforation device18 relative to the fixation devices16 can be determined in methods known as bearing technology. In a corresponding manner, the location of the Fixationsein devices16 relative to each other and to the Lochungsein device18 can be determined. In this way, the location of the free ends of the at least three catheters can be clearly determined and indicated on an evaluation device inFIG. 4 by the PC34 and displayed on a screen.

Dabei ist es möglich, die Orte, an denen bereits eine Lasion in Form eines Loches in das Myokard eingebracht worden ist, markieren, der Ort, an dem sich die Lo­chungseinrichtung18 befindet (inFig. 4 durch ein "x" angedeutet) kann dargestellt und so ein geeigneter Ort für das Setzen eines weiteren Lochs von dem Operateur bestimmt werden.It is possible to mark the locations at which a lesion in the form of a hole has already been introduced into the myocardium, the location at which the loosening device18 is located (indicated by an "x" inFIG. 4) shown and so a suitable location for making another hole can be determined by the surgeon.

Die piezoelektrischen Elemente20,22 an den Austritt­senden der Katheter14,16 können auch dazu genutzt wer­den, die Dicke des Myokards zu ermitteln, um eine für den jeweiligen Fall geeignete Tiefe des in die Herzin­nenwandung einzubringenden Lochs zu bestimmen. Eine ent­sprechende Darstellung des Myokards in ihrer Dicke und der Ort der in das Loch einzudringenden Lochungseinrich­tung18 ist auf einfache Weise durch ein bildgebendes Verfahren unter Nutzung der von den Piezoelementen20,22 ausgesandten und wieder empfangenen Signalen möglich, indem das Echo von der Grenzlinie zwischen der Außensei­te des Myokards und des dieses umgebenden Gewebes erfaßt und ausgewertet wird.The piezoelectric elements20 ,22 send to the outlet of the catheters14 ,16 can also be used to determine the thickness of the myocardium in order to determine a depth of the hole to be made in the inner wall of the heart that is suitable for the respective case. A corresponding representation of the myocardium in its thickness and the location of the hole to be penetrated Lochungseinrich device18 is possible in a simple manner by an imaging method using the signals emitted by the piezo elements20 ,22 and received again by the echo from the boundary line between the outside of the myocardium and the surrounding tissue is detected and evaluated.

Claims (5)

Translated fromGerman
1. Katheter zur transmyokardialen Revaskularisation, mit einem lenkbaren, mehrlumigen Mutterkatheter (10) und einer Mehrzahl von von dem Mutterkatheter (10) geführten, einzeln lenkbaren Tochterkathetern (12,14), wobei wenigstens zwei der Tochterkatheter (12) an ihrem distalen Ende mit einer Einrichtung (16) zu dessen Fixation an der Innenwandung des Herzens versehen ist und ein weiteres der Tochterkatheter (14) mit einer Einrichtung (18) zum Einbringen eines feinen Lochs in die Innenwandung des Herzens versehen ist,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einige der Toch­terkatheter (12,14) im Bereich ihrer distalen Enden mit über das Katheter anzusteuernden piezoelektrischen Elementen (20,22) zum Aussenden und zum Empfangen von Ultraschallenergie versehen sind.1. Catheter for transmyocardial revascularization, with a steerable, multi-lumen mother catheter (10 ) and a plurality of individually steerable daughter catheters (12 ,14 ) guided by the mother catheter (10 ), at least two of the daughter catheters (12 ) at their distal end a device (16 ) for fixing it to the inner wall of the heart and another of the daughter catheters (14 ) is provided with a device (18 ) for making a fine hole in the inner wall of the heart,characterized in that at least some of the daughter The catheter (12 ,14 ) is provided in the region of its distal ends with piezoelectric elements (20 ,22 ) to be controlled via the catheter for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic energy.2. Katheter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die piezoelektrischen Elemente der Fixationskathe­ter (12) als die Fixationseinrichtung (16) ringförmig umgebende Piezofolie (20) ausgebildet ist.2. Catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that the piezoelectric elements of the fixation catheter ter (12 ) as the fixation device (16 ) is formed annularly surrounding piezo film (20 ).3. Katheter nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die piezoelektrischen Elemente des Lochungskatheters (12) als die Lochungseinrichtung (16) ringförmig umgebende Piezofolie (20) ausgebildet ist.3. Catheter according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the piezoelectric elements of the perforation catheter (12 ) as the perforation device (16 ) is formed in a ring-surrounding piezo film (20 ).4. Katheter nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung zum Ein­bringen eines feinen Lochs in die Innenwandung des Her­zens eine Laserstrahl-Einrichtung ist.4. Catheter according to one of the preceding claims,characterized in that the device for amake a fine hole in the inner wall of the Herzens is a laser beam device.5. Katheter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung zum Einbringen eines feinen Lochs in die Innenwandung des Herzens ein mit hochfrequenter Energie beaufschlagter Draht ist.5. Catheter according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterizedcharacterized in that the insertion devicea fine hole in the inner wall of the heartwire loaded with high-frequency energy.
DE19537084A1995-10-051995-10-05Catheter for transmyocardial revasculation with guidable multi=ID main catheterWithdrawnDE19537084A1 (en)

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