Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Holzwerkstoffplatte mit einer optisch gestaltbaren Oberfläche.The invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based panelwith an optically configurable surface.
Holzwerkstoffplatten der gattungsgemäßen Art sind an sich bekannt. In neuerer Zeit werden bevorzugt sogenannte HDF-Platten (hochdichte Faserplatten) verwendet, die unter Druck insbesondere aus Nadelholzfasern und Additiven hergestellt werden. Derartige Platten werden in an sich bekannter Weise an den Oberflächen mit Papier versehen, welches mit dem gewünschten Dekor bedruckt ist. Es handelt sich vorzugsweise um sogenannte Melaminpapiere, die mit einem Melaminharz auf die HDF-Platte aufgebracht und versiegelt werden.Wood-based panels of the generic type are known per se. InSo-called HDF boards (high densityFiberboard) used under pressure, especially from softwood fibersand additives are manufactured. Such plates are in themselvesknown manner provided on the surfaces with paper, which with thedesired decor is printed. It is preferably aboutSo-called melamine papers that are coated with a melamine resin on the HDF boardapplied and sealed.
Zur Herstellung derartiger bekannter Platten werden zwei Verfahren eingesetzt. Einerseits handelt es sich um Taktverfahren, bei welchem Platten vorgegebener Größe mit bedruckten Papier beschichtet, mit Melaminharz getränkt und ggf. mit einem sogenannten Overlay in Form eines Oberflächenharzes versehen werden. Anschließend werden die fertigen Platten der Anlage entnommen und im nächsten Takt die nächste Platte bearbeitet. Mit derartigen Verfahren, die inzwischen bis zu einem Kurztaktverfahren von etwa 40 s optimiert wurden, können etwa 7,5 m pro Minute hergestellt werden.Two methods are used to manufacture such known platesused. On the one hand, there is a clock process, in which platesgiven size coated with printed paper, with melamine resinsoaked and possibly with a so-called overlay in the form of aSurface resin are provided. Then the finished panelsremoved from the system and processed the next plate in the next cycle.With such procedures, which are now up to a short cycle of40 s have been optimized, can produce around 7.5 m per minutewill.
Alternativ werden sogenannte Heißkaschieranlagen verwendet, die im Durchlaufverfahren arbeiten, aber ebenfalls die genannten Schritte der Plattenbeschichtung mit bedrucktem Melaminpapier in einer Durchlaufanlage durchführen. Derartige Anlage können bis zu 20 m pro Minute herstellen.Alternatively, so-called hot lamination systems are used, which inContinuous process work, but also the steps mentioned Board coating with printed melamine paper in a continuous systemcarry out. Such systems can produce up to 20 m per minute.
Die Nachteile der bekannten Herstellungsverfahren bestehen insbesondere in deren Unwirtschaftlichkeit. Mit steigendem Bedarf an entsprechenden Holzwerkstoffplatten kann mit den bekannten Verfahren nicht mehr schnell genug produziert werden. Darüber hinaus müssen unterschiedlichste Materialien bevorratet werden. Das Oberflächenharz muß auf das Melaminpapier abgestimmt werden. Die einzelnen Bestandteile sind für sich gesehen teuer. Wegen der gesonderten Herstellung des Melaminpapiers, insbesondere der Aufbringung des Dekordrucks, wird die Gestaltung unflexibel, da zunächst die eingekauften und bevorrateten Papiere verbraucht werden sollten, bevor ein neues Dekor wirtschaftlich eingesetzt werden kann. Schließlich sind die einzelnen Bestandteile, die in dem bisher bekannten Verfahren verwendet werden, ebenso wie die fertiggestellten Platten umweltbelastend.The disadvantages of the known manufacturing methods are in particulartheir inefficiency. With increasing demand for correspondingWood-based panels can no longer be fast with the known methodsenough to be produced. In addition, the most variedMaterials are stored. The surface resin must be on theMelamine paper can be matched. The individual components are on their ownseen expensive. Because of the separate production of the melamine paper,in particular the application of the decor print, the designinflexible, since the purchased and stored papers are used up firstshould be before a new decor can be used economically.Finally, the individual components are the same in the previously knownProcesses are used, as are the finished panelspolluting the environment.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Holzwerkstoffplatte mit einer optisch gestaltbaren Oberfläche anzugeben, welches im Vergleich mit bekannten Verfahren schnell und kostengünstig arbeitet, umweltfreundliche Materialien verwendet, so daß auch die hergestellten Platten umweltfreundlich sind, anlagentechnisch günstig ist und darüber hinaus auch die Möglichkeit bietet, für Feuchträume geeignete Platten herstellen zu können.Based on this prior art, the present inventionTask based on a method for producing aSpecify wood-based panels with an optically configurable surface,which is quick and inexpensive in comparison with known methodsworks, uses environmentally friendly materials, so that alsomanufactured panels are environmentally friendly, is technically cheap andin addition, it also offers the possibility of boards suitable for wet roomsto be able to manufacture.
Zur technischen Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, daß eine Trägerplatte wenigstens im Bereich ihrer Oberflächen nacheinanderTo solve this problem technically, it is proposed thata carrier plate in succession at least in the area of its surfaces
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden keine bedruckten Papiere mehr mit den Platten verbunden, sondern die Platten werden direkt für einen Druck vorbereitet und bedruckt. Daraus ergeben sich eine Vielzahl von Vorteilen. Insbesondere hat sich herausgestellt, daß dieses Verfahren überaus kostengünstig und vor allem sehr schnell arbeitet. Bereits ohne besondere technische Weiterentwicklungen arbeitet dieses Verfahren doppelt so schnell wie das oben beschriebene Durchlaufverfahren in einer Heißkaschieranlage, also mit bis zu 40 m pro Minute. Die Platte wird mit einer Grundeinfärbung und einer Versiegelung versehen, auf welche eine Druckbasis aufgebracht wird, also eine Druckgrundlage, die die Basisfarbe bereitstellt, und auf die der Dekordruck aufgebracht wird. Da mit Ausnahme des Druckes nacheinander nur verschiedene Lackarten aufgebracht werden, läßt sich das Verfahren anlagentechnisch sehr einfach und wirtschaftlich durchführen.According to the method according to the invention, there are no printed papersmore connected to the plates, but the plates are made directly for youPrepared for printing and printed. This results in a multitude ofAdvantages. In particular, it has been found that this method is extremelyworks inexpensively and above all very quickly. Already without specialThis process works twice as fast in technical developmentslike the continuous process described above in a hot lamination system,with up to 40 m per minute. The plate comes with a basic colorand provided a seal on which a printing base is appliedis a printing base that provides the base color and on which theDecor printing is applied. Because with the exception of printing one after the otherThe process can only be applied using different types of lacquertechnically very simple and economical to carry out.
In vorteilhafter Weise wird als Trägerplatte eine HDF-Platte verwendet. Die Grundeinfärbung erfolgt gemäß einem Vorschlag der Erfindung mehrlagig, wobei der erste Schritt in einem Grundieren zum Erzeugen eines Haftgrundes der Platte besteht. In vorteilhafter Weise wird die Druckbasis durch einen Oberflächenlack gebildet. Die Einfärbungen erfolgen gemäß einem Vorschlag der Erfindung mit pigmentiertem Lack, in besonders vorteilhafter Weise mittels wäßriger Dispersionslacke. Daraus ergibt sich eine besondere Umweltfreundlichkeit sowohl des Verfahrens als auch der damit hergestellten Platten, weil die einzelnen Bestandteile formaldehydfrei und wasserlöslich sind. Weiterhin ergibt sich eine Optimierung der technischen Eigenschaften der Wasseraufnahme und der Quellung, woraus eine verbesserte Versiegelung der Platte resultiert.An HDF plate is advantageously used as the carrier plate. TheAccording to a proposal of the invention, basic coloring takes place in multiple layers,the first step in a primer to create a primerof the plate. The printing base is advantageously replaced by aSurface varnish formed. The coloring is done according to a suggestionthe invention with pigmented lacquer, in a particularly advantageous manneraqueous dispersion paints. This results in a special oneEnvironmental friendliness of both the process and the manufactured with itSheets because the individual components are formaldehyde-free and water-solubleare. The technical properties are also optimizedwater absorption and swelling, resulting in improved sealingthe plate results.
Während bei herkömmlichen Verfahren Verarbeitungsfehler zur Folge haben konnten, daß zwischen der Trägerplatte und dem Dekormaterial keine ausreichende Bindung erzielt wurde, ist dies bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ausgeschlossen.While processing errors result in conventional methodscould that between the support plate and the decorative materialsufficient binding was achieved, this is the case with the inventionProcedure excluded.
Gemäß einem Vorschlag der Erfindung werden für den Dekordruck Gravurzylinder verwendet. In vorteilhafter Weise wird der Dekordruck in einem Zweifarbdruckwerk durchgeführt. Mit dieser Maßnahme lassen sich nahezu beliebige und insbesondere naturechte Drucke herstellen.According to a proposal of the invention, for decor printingEngraving cylinder used. The decor print is advantageously in oneTwo-color printing unit carried out. With this measure you can almostproduce any and especially natural prints.
Gemäß einem besonders vorteilhaften Vorschlag der Erfindung wird abschließend wenigstens eine UV-Lackschicht ausgebildet. Diese besteht in vorteilhafter Weise aus wenigstens drei Schichten, die gemäß einem Vorschlag der Erfindung im sogenannten Naß-in-Naß-Verfahren aufgebracht werden. Als letzte Schicht wird vorteilhaft ein sogenannter Acrylat-UV-Lack verwendet. UV-Lackschichten sind Lacke, die mittels UV-Licht härtbar sind.According to a particularly advantageous proposal of the inventionfinally formed at least one UV varnish layer. This consists ofadvantageously from at least three layers, according to oneProposed the invention applied in the so-called wet-on-wet processwill. A so-called acrylate UV varnish is advantageously used as the last layerused. UV varnish layers are varnishes that can be hardened by means of UV light.
Dieser besondere beschriebene Aufbau macht aus einer gattungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoffplatte eine chemikalienbeständige, abriebfeste, elastische, wasserfeste und unter dem Gesichtspunkt des sogenannten Kugeltests optimale Platte. Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung bedeutet optimal unter dem Gesichtspunkt des Kugeltests eine große Oberflächenelastizität, so daß gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Systemen auch Punktbelastungen nicht zu Deformationen führen können. Damit ist die Platte auch für den Einsatz in Feuchträumen geeignet und weist optimale mechanische Eigenschaften auf. Diese wären nicht erzielbar, wenn man eine Trägerplatte einfach mit einer wasserlöslichen Dispersion versehen würde.This particular structure described makes a genericWood-based panel is a chemical-resistant, abrasion-resistant, elastic,waterproof and from the point of view of the so-called bullet testoptimal plate. For the purposes of the present invention, optimally means belowa large surface elasticity from the point of view of the ball test, so thatcompared to the systems known from the prior artPoint loads cannot lead to deformations. So that's the recordAlso suitable for use in damp rooms and exhibits optimalmechanical properties. These would not be achievable if you had oneCarrier plate would simply be provided with a water-soluble dispersion.
Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird eine beispielsweise 8 mm starke HDF-Platte zunächst mittels pigmentierter Lacke, in vorteilhafter Weise wäßrige Dispersionslacke, grundiert und mit einer Grundeinfärbung versehen. Anschließend erfolgt mittels eines entsprechenden Lackes eine Versiegelung. Auf die Versiegelung wird nach der Trocknung ein Oberflächenlack aufgebracht, der ebenfalls pigmentiert ist und eine Grundeinfärbung aufweist, so daß insgesamt eine Druckbasis geschaffen ist. Auf diese Druckbasis wird mittels Gravurzylindern ein Dekordruck aufgebracht. Anschließend wird die Platte in einem ersten Schritt mit einem UV-härtbaren Lack, sogenanntem UV-Lack, versehen, wobei beispielsweise 20 g pro Quadratmeter aufgebracht werden. In einer UV-Strahlungsanlage wird diese Lackschicht vorgeliert. Anschließend wird dieser Schritt wiederholt, das heißt es wird eine zweite UV-Lackschicht mit ebenfalls etwa 25 g pro Quadratmetern aufgebracht und in einer entsprechenden UV-Strahlungsanlage vorgeliert. Schließlich wird ein Acrylat-UV-Lack aufgebracht, beispielsweise 12 g pro Quadratmeter, der anschließend beispielsweise mit Quecksilberdampfstrahlern ausgehärtet wird. Das Ergebnis ist eine chemikalien- und wasserbeständige Platte mit optimalen technologischen Eigenschaften. Vergleichstests haben ergeben, daß diese Platte mit allen zum Stand der Technik gehörigen Platten hinsichtlich der technologischen Eigenschaften vergleichbar ist, dabei jedoch sehr viel schneller und kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann. Einzelne technologische Eigenschaften wie die Stoßbeanspruchung durch eine fallende Kugel gemäß DIN 53799, das Verhalten bei trockener und feuchter Hitze gemäß DIN 68861 und dergleichen sind optimal und liegen zum Teil weit über den Eigenschaften, die mit herkömmlichen Verfahren erzielbar sind.According to the method of the invention, for example, 8 mmstrong HDF board first using pigmented varnishes, advantageouslyaqueous dispersion lacquers, primed and provided with a basic color.This is then sealed with an appropriate varnish.After drying, a surface varnish is applied to the sealapplied, which is also pigmented and has a basic color,so that a print base is created overall. On this printing basisapplied a decorative print using engraving cylinders. Then theIn a first step, the plate with a UV-curable lacquer, so-called UVLacquer, provided, for example, 20 g per square meter appliedwill. This layer of lacquer is pre-gelled in a UV radiation system.This step is then repeated, that is to say a second UVLacquer layer also applied with about 25 g per square meter and inpre-gelled with a corresponding UV radiation system. Eventually aAcrylic UV varnish applied, for example 12 g per square meter, theis then cured, for example with mercury vapor lamps.The result is a chemical and water resistant plate with optimaltechnological properties. Comparative tests have shown that this Plate with all plates belonging to the prior art with regard to thetechnological properties is comparable, but very muchcan be produced more quickly and inexpensively. Individual technologicalProperties such as the impact stress caused by a falling ballDIN 53799, the behavior in dry and moist heat according to DIN 68861and the like are optimal and are sometimes far above the properties,that can be achieved with conventional methods.
Das beschriebene Verfahren läßt sich im Durchlaufverfahren anwenden, wobei beispielsweise die Platte nach dem Beschichten einer Oberfläche gewendet und wieder dem ersten Grundierbereich zugeführt oder gleichzeitig beidseitig bearbeitet werden kann. Auch können sich wiederholende Verfahrensvorgänge anlagentechnisch optimal gesteuert werden, indem die Platten hier beispielsweise zwei Durchgänge durch einen Anlagenbereich durchführen.The described method can be used in a continuous process, wherebyfor example, the plate turned after coating a surfaceand fed back to the first priming area or simultaneously on both sidescan be edited. Can also be repetitiveProcess operations are optimally controlled in terms of plant technology by theBoards here, for example, two passes through a plant areacarry out.
Wesentlich im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, daß der Lackauftrag mittels Walzen erfolgt, die eine von innen nach außen größer werdende Schorhärte aufweisen und eine Bombage, die beispielsweise eine Steigung von 1 mm/m bildet. Dies garantiert einen gleichmäßigen Lackauftrag im gesamten Rand-Mitte-Rand-Bereich.It is essential in the context of the present invention that the paint applicationtakes place by means of rollers, the one increasing from the inside to the outsideHave a hardness and a bombage, for example an inclineof 1 mm / m. This guarantees an even application of paint in theentire border-center-border area.
Nach der Aushärtung der Oberflächen werden die Platten konfektioniert. Die Platten können als Fußbodenplatten, für den Ausbau von Feuchträumen oder für den Möbelbau verwendet werden. So lassen sich beliebig Federn und Nuten ausbilden, um die Platten beispielsweise im Fußbodenbereich aneinandersetzen zu können.After the surfaces have hardened, the panels are assembled. TheSlabs can be used as floor slabs, for the expansion of damp rooms orcan be used for furniture construction. Feathers andForm grooves around the panels, for example in the floor areato be able to put together.
Die Kombination der eingesetzten beschriebenen Materialien und die Auswahl und Anwendung der überwachbaren Parametern während des Herstellungsverfahrens ermöglichen eine ständige Kontrolle der und Einflußnahme auf die technischen Eigenschaften der hergestellten Oberflächen. Damit ist eine gute und definierte Reproduzierbarkeit gewährleistet.The combination of the materials described and the selectionand application of the monitorable parameters during theManufacturing processes allow constant control of the andInfluencing the technical properties of the manufacturedSurfaces. This is a good and defined reproducibilityguaranteed.
In der einzigen beiliegenden Figur ist schematisch der Ablauf eines Herstellungsverfahrens gezeigt. Eine schematisch dargestellte HDF-Platte18, von denen sich mehrere in der Durchlaufanlage befinden können, wird zunächst in einer aufeinanderfolgenden Reihe von Auftragswerken1,2,3 grundiert, grundeingefärbt, versiegelt und mit einem als Druckgrundlage dienenden Oberflächenlack versehen. Die Lacke, wäßrige Dispersionslacke mit Pigmenten, werden in entsprechenden Trocknungseinheiten5,6,7 bedarfsgemäß getrocknet.In the single attached figure, the sequence of a manufacturing process is shown schematically. A schematically illustrated HDF board18 , of which several can be located in the continuous system, is first primed in a successive series of application units1 ,2 ,3 , basic inked, sealed and provided with a surface lacquer serving as a printing base. The paints, aqueous dispersion paints with pigments, are dried in appropriate drying units5 ,6 ,7 as required.
Die Platte18 wird dann über das durchlaufende Band19, beispielsweise ein Rollenförderband, einem Druckwerk9 zugeführt, wo sie beispielsweise in einem Zweifarbendruckwerk mittels Gravurzylindern mit einem Dekordruck versehen wird.The plate18 is then fed via the continuous belt19 , for example a roller conveyor belt, to a printing unit9 , where it is provided with a decorative print, for example in a two-color printing unit, by means of engraving cylinders.
Anschließend wird die Platte aufeinanderfolgende Auftragswerken10,11,12 mit dazwischen liegenden Trocknungseinheiten13,14,15 zugeführt. Hier wird die Platte der Reihe nach mit UV-härtbaren Lacken versehen, die in den UV-Strahlungs-Trocknungseinheiten wunschgemäß getrocknet werden. In den Trocknungseinheiten13 und14 wird die jeweilige Lackschicht nur vorgeliert, so daß insgesamt ein sogenanntes Naß-in-Naß-Verfahren durchgeführt wird. In der Weiche1 6 wird die an einer Oberfläche fertige Platte entweder zur Konfektionierung aus der Anlage herausgeführt, oder zur Wendestation17 geführt, wo sie umgedreht wird. Dann wird die Platte wieder zur Herstellung der anderen Oberfläche an den Anfang der Anlage geführt.The plate is then fed to successive applicator units10 ,11 ,12 with drying units13 ,14 ,15 in between . Here, the plate is provided with UV-curable varnishes, which are dried in the UV radiation drying units as desired. In the drying units13 and14 , the respective lacquer layer is only pre-gelled, so that a so-called wet-on-wet process is carried out overall. In the switch1 6, the finished plate on one surface is either led out of the system for assembly, or to the turning station17 , where it is turned over. Then the plate is brought back to the beginning of the system to produce the other surface.
In vorteilhafter Weise kann vor dem Aufbringen der ersten Grundierungsschicht mittels einer Vorwärmvorrichtung4 die Platte vorgewärmt werden. Die dadurch erzeugte Objekttemperatur verhindert bei den eingesetzten Harzen eine spätere Rißbildung.In an advantageous manner, the plate can be preheated by means of a preheating device4 before the first primer layer is applied. The object temperature generated in this way prevents subsequent crack formation in the resins used.
Das mit der Erfindung bereitgestellte Verfahren läßt sich überaus schnell und kostengünstig durchführen und kann überaus flexibel zur Herstellung von variabel einsetzbaren Platten angewandt werden.The method provided by the invention is extremely quick andperform inexpensively and can be extremely flexible for the production ofplates can be used variably.
BezugszeichenlisteReference list
1 Auftragswerk
2 Auftragswerk
3 Auftragswerk
4 Vorwärmvorrichtung
5 Trocknungseinheit
6 Trocknungseinheit
7 Trocknungseinheit
9 Druckwerk
10 Auftragswerk
11 Auftragswerk
12 Auftragswerk
13 Trocknungseinheit
14 Trocknungseinheit
15 Trocknungseinheit
16 Weiche
17 Wendestation
18 HDF-Platte
19 Band1 commissioned work
2 commissioned work
3 commissioned work
4 preheater
5 drying unit
6 drying unit
7 drying unit
9 printing unit
10 commissioned work
11 commissioned work
12 commissioned work
13 drying unit
14 drying unit
15 drying unit
16 points
17 turning station
18 HDF board
19 volume
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995132819DE19532819A1 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Mfr. of fibreboards with patterned surfaces | 
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995132819DE19532819A1 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Mfr. of fibreboards with patterned surfaces | 
| Publication Number | Publication Date | 
|---|---|
| DE19532819A1true DE19532819A1 (en) | 1997-03-13 | 
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995132819WithdrawnDE19532819A1 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Mfr. of fibreboards with patterned surfaces | 
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| Date | Code | Title | Description | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8127 | New person/name/address of the applicant | Owner name:FRITZ HOMANN GMBH & CO. KG, 81925 MUENCHEN, DE | |
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |