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DE10314072B4 - Surgical instrument - Google Patents

Surgical instrument
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Publication number
DE10314072B4
DE10314072B4DE10314072ADE10314072ADE10314072B4DE 10314072 B4DE10314072 B4DE 10314072B4DE 10314072 ADE10314072 ADE 10314072ADE 10314072 ADE10314072 ADE 10314072ADE 10314072 B4DE10314072 B4DE 10314072B4
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Germany
Prior art keywords
handle
catch
handle parts
instrument according
handle part
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DE10314072A
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DE10314072A1 (en
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Rupert Dipl.-Ing. Mayenberger
Jens Ole Dipl.-Ing. Weißgraf
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Aesculap AG
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Aesculap AG
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Abstract

Translated fromGerman

ChirurgischesInstrument mit zwei gegeneinander bewegbaren Griffteilen und miteiner Umlaufsperre zur gegenseitigen Fixierung der Griffteile ineiner Schließstellungund zur Lösungder Fixierung beim weiteren Annähernder Griffteile überdie Schließstellunghinaus in eine Öffnungsstellung,die an einem ersten Griffteil einen Rastrücksprung und an einem zweitenGriffteil eine in diesen eingreifende und dadurch die Griffteilein der Schließstellungfixierende Raste umfaßt,die beim Schließender Griffteile an einer Seite des Rastrücksprunges vorbeibewegt wirdund beim Öffnenan der anderen, wobei an dem ersten Griffteil eine erste Steuerkurveangeordnet ist, die beim Schließender Griffteile gegen einen die Schließbewegung begrenzenden Anschlagdie Raste in eine Einraststellung bringt, in der sie beim Öffnen derGriffteile zwangsläufigin den Rastrücksprungeintritt, wobei der Rastrücksprung einezweite Steuerkurve trägt,die die Raste beim Eintauchen in den Rastrücksprung aus einer der erstenSteuerkurve gegenüberliegendenEintrittsposition in eine einer dritten Steuerkurve am ersten Griffteil...surgicalInstrument with two mutually movable handle parts and witha circulation lock for mutual fixation of the handle parts ina closed positionand to the solutionthe fixation on further approachingthe handle parts overthe closed positionout into an open position,the at a first handle part a latch return and at a secondHandle part in this engaging and thereby the handle partsin the closed positionincludes fixing catch,when closingthe handle parts is moved past on one side of the latch recessand when openingat the other, wherein at the first handle part, a first camis arranged when closingthe handle parts against a closing movement limiting stopthe latch brings into a latching position, in which they open theGrips inevitablyin the latch jumpoccurs, wherein the latch return asecond control curve,the catch when diving into the latch return from one of the firstControl cam oppositeEntry position into a third control curve on the first handle part ...

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Description

Translated fromGerman

DieErfindung betrifft ein chirurgisches Instrument mit zwei gegeneinanderbewegbaren Griffteilen und mit einer Umlaufsperre zur gegenseitigenFixierung der Griffteile in einer Schließstellung und zur Lösung derFixierung beim weiteren Annähernder Griffteile überdie Schließstellunghinaus in eine Öffnungsstellung,die an einem ersten Griffteil einen Rastrücksprung und an einem zweitenGriffteil eine in diesen eingreifende und dadurch die Griffteilein der Schließstellungfixierende Raste umfaßt,die beim Schließender Griffteile an einer Seite des Rastrücksprunges vorbeibewegt wirdund beim Öffnenan der anderen, wobei an dem ersten Griffteil eine erste Steuerkurveangeordnet ist, die beim Schließender Griffteile gegen einen die Schließbewegung begrenzenden Anschlagdie Raste in eine Einraststellung bringt, in der sie beim Öffnen derGriffteile zwangsläufigin den Rastrücksprungeintritt, wobei der Rastrücksprungeine zweite Steuerkurve trägt,die die Raste beim Eintauchen in den Rastrücksprung aus einer der erstenSteuerkurve gegenüberliegenden Eintrittspositionin eine einer dritten Steuerkurve am ersten Griffteil gegenüberliegendeAustrittsposition bewegt, und wobei die dritte Steuerkurve die Raste beimerneuten Schließender Griffteile aus der Schließstellungheraus in eine Ausraststellung bringt, aus der sie beim Öffnen derGriffteile zwangsläufig amRastrücksprungvorbeibewegt wird.TheThe invention relates to a surgical instrument with two against each othermovable handle parts and with a circulation lock to each otherFixation of the handle parts in a closed position and to solve theFixation on further approachingthe handle parts overthe closed positionout into an open position,the at a first handle part a latch return and at a secondHandle part in this engaging and thereby the handle partsin the closed positionincludes fixing catch,when closingthe handle parts is moved past on one side of the latch recessand when openingat the other, wherein at the first handle part, a first camis arranged when closingthe handle parts against a closing movement limiting stopthe latch brings into a latching position, in which they open theGrips inevitablyin the latch jumpenters, with the latch returncarries a second cam,the catch when diving into the latch return from one of the firstControl cam opposite entry positionin a third control cam on the first handle part oppositeExit position moves, and wherein the third control cam the latchclosing againthe handle parts from the closed positionout into a disengaged position, from which they open theGrips inevitably onEngagement recessis moved past.

ChirurgischeInstrumente dieser Art werden mit einer solchen Umlaufsperre ausgestattet,damit die beiden Griffteile in der Schließstellung fixiert und in einfacherWeise durch erneutes Gegeneinanderdrücken der Griffteile wieder voneinandergelöstwerden können.Beispielsweise ist ein solches Instrument aus derDE 42 07 124 C1 bekannt.Surgical instruments of this type are equipped with such a circulation lock, so that the two handle parts fixed in the closed position and can be solved in a simple manner by again pressing against each other of the handle parts again from each other. For example, such an instrument is from the DE 42 07 124 C1 known.

Beiall diesen Instrumenten besteht das Problem, daß beim Schließen derGriffteile darauf geachtet werden muß, die Griffteile nicht zuweit einander anzunähern,da sonst die Raste am Rastrücksprungvorbei bewegt wird und sofort wieder beim Loslassen der Griffteilean dem Rastrücksprungvorbeiläuft,ohne in diesen einzurasten. Mit anderen Worten darf man die Griffteilenicht so weit einander annähern,daß bereitsbeim ersten Annähernwieder eine Lösungder Umlaufsperre eintritt, ohne daß diese vorher überhauptin den Rastrücksprungeingerastet ist. Der Operateur muß daher beim Schließen derGriffteile sehr vorsichtig vorgehen, um tatsächlich die Einrastung zu erreichenund nicht versehentlich die Griffteile bis zur Löseposition von Raste und Rastrücksprungzu bewegen.atAll these instruments have the problem that when closing theHandle parts must be taken to the handle parts not toto approach each otherotherwise the catch on the latch return jumpis moved past and immediately when releasing the handle partsat the latch returnpasses,without locking into it. In other words, you can use the handle partsnot so close to each other,that alreadyon the first approachagain a solutionthe circulation lock occurs without them before at allin the latch jumpis engaged. The surgeon must therefore when closing theHandle handles very carefully to actually lock into placeand do not inadvertently move the handles to the release position of detent and latch returnto move.

Einmedizinisches Instrument mit einer einfachen Zahnstangensperre istaus derDE 93 14 581.0 U1 bekannt.Bei dieser Zahnstangensperre stehen von beiden Griffteilen Sperrenteilein den Raum zwischen den Griffteilen vor und wirken in diesem Zwischenraumzwischen den Griffteilen zusammen. Es handelt sich dabei um sperrigeBauteile an den Griffteilen, die schwer zu reinigen sind und diegegebenenfalls zu Verletzungen Anlaß geben können.A medical instrument with a simple rack lock is out of the box DE 93 14 581.0 U1 known. In this rack lock are from both handle parts locking parts in the space between the handle parts and act together in this space between the handle parts. These are bulky components on the handle parts that are difficult to clean and that can possibly cause injuries.

Inderdeutschen Patentschrift 842112 ist ein selbsttätigerZangenverschluß beschrieben,der aufgesetzt auf die Innenseite einer Zangenbranche einen Stegoder Vorsprung aufweist, in den eine komplizierte Steuerkurve eingearbeitetist. Diese wird von einem Stift an einem federnden Hebel der anderen Zangenbrancheabgefahren, wenn die Zange geschlossen wird. Der Vorsprung mit derSteuerkurve ist sperrig ausgebildet und kann daher die Handhabungdes Instruments behindern, außerdembesteht die Gefahr, daß manan diesem Vorsprung hängenbleibt,das kann zu Verletzungen führen.In the German Patent 842 112 is described an automatic pliers closure, which has placed on the inside of a pliers industry a web or projection, in which a complicated cam is incorporated. This is traversed by a pin on a resilient lever of the other pliers industry, when the pliers is closed. The projection with the cam is cumbersome and therefore can hinder the handling of the instrument, also there is a risk that you get caught on this projection, which can lead to injury.

Esist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein chirurgisches Instrument der gattungsgemäßen Artso weiterzubilden, daß dieHandhabbarkeit des Instruments trotz der relativ komplizierten Umlaufsperrenicht beeinträchtigtwird.ItThe object of the invention is a surgical instrument of the generic typeeducate so that theHandling of the instrument despite the relatively complicated circulation locknot impairedbecomes.

DieseAufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Instrument erfindungsgemäß dadurchgelöst, daß der Rastrücksprungsowie die erste und die dritte Steuerkurve in einem Einsatz angeordnetsind, der in das erste Griffteil eingesetzt ist.TheseTask is in a generic instrument according to the invention therebysolved that the latch jumpand the first and third control cams arranged in an insertare inserted in the first handle part.

Eswird also eine Zwangsführungder Raste dergestalt vorgenommen, daß beim Schließen der Griffteilediese bis auf einen Anschlag geschlossen werden und daß dabeidie Raste durch die erste Steuerkurve in eine Position bewegt wird,aus der sie beim öffnender Griffteile zwangsläufigin den Rastrücksprungeintreten muß.Im Rastrücksprungselbst wird die Raste durch die Steuerkurve der Raste so weit bewegt,daß beieinem erneuten Schließender Griffteile die Raste nicht wieder zurück in die erste Steuerkurvegelangt, sondern jetzt in eine dritte, neben der ersten Steuerkurveangeordnete Steuerkurve, welche die Raste beim anschließenden öffnen derGriffteile seitlich an dem Rastrücksprungvorbeiführt.Der Benutzer kann also beim Schließen der Griffteile diese bisauf einen Anschlag einander annähernund ist sicher, daß beimanschließendenLoslassen der Griffteile die Raste in den Rastrücksprung eintritt und dadurchdie Griffteile in der Schließstellungverriegelt. Erst bei einem erneuten Zusammendrücken der Griffteile wird dieseVerriegelung gelöst, besondere Sorgfaltmuß derBenutzer dabei nicht auf die Schließbewegung richten, da diesein jedem Fall bis zu dem Anschlag durchgeführt wird.Itbecomes a forced tourthe catch made such that when closing the handle partsthese are closed up to a stop and that therebythe catch is moved to a position by the first control cam,from the openthe handle parts inevitablyin the latch jumpmust enter.In the latch returneven the catch is moved so far by the control cam of the catchthat ata renewed closingthe grip parts the catch is not back to the first cambut now in a third, next to the first camarranged cam, which the catch in the subsequent open theHandle parts laterally to the latch returnpasses.The user can thus close this when closing the handle partsapproach each other to a stopand is sure that atsubsequentRelease the handle parts the catch enters the latching recess and therebythe handle parts in the closed positionlocked. Only with a renewed compression of the handle parts is thisLock solved, special caremust theDo not direct the user to the closing movement, because thisin any case, until the stop is carried out.

Einesolche Ausgestaltung läßt sichbei allen chirurgischen Instrumenten einsetzen, bei denen durcheine Schließbewegungvon zwei Griffteilen ein Werkzeug bewegt werden soll, beispielsweisebei Klemmen, Scheren, Zangen, Pinzetten etc. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft,wenn die Griffteile übereine Überlastfederauf die Werkzeuge wirken, so daß beider vollständigenSchließbewegungder Griffteile gegen einen Anschlag die Werkzeuge gegebenenfallseinen geringeren Weg zurücklegen,falls sie durch zwischen den Werkzeugen liegende Teile an einervollständigenSchließbewegungder Werkzeuge gehindert sind. Trotzdem kann der Benutzer die Griffteile biszum vollständigenSchließengegen ihren Anschlag bewegen.Such a configuration can be used in all surgical instruments in which a tool is to be moved by a closing movement of two handle parts, for example at Clamps, scissors, pliers, tweezers, etc. It is advantageous if the handle parts act on an overload spring on the tools, so that in the complete closing movement of the handle parts against a stop, the tools optionally cover a smaller way, if they pass through between the tools lying parts are prevented from a complete closing movement of the tools. Nevertheless, the user can move the handle parts until fully closed against their stop.

Grundsätzlich wäre es möglich, daß die Rastedurch eine bahnförmigeSteuerkurve vollständigin ihrer Bewegung geführtwird, es ist aber gemäß einer bevorzugtenAusführungsformbesonders vorteilhaft, wenn auf die Raste eine Feder wirkt, diedie Raste bei Auslenkung nach beiden Seiten in eine Mittelstellungzurückbewegt.Bei einer solchen Ausgestaltung genügt es, die Steuerkurve alseinfache Kulisse auszubilden, die einseitig an der Raste anliegtund die Raste entgegen der Wirkung der Feder nach der einen oderder anderen Seite auslenkt.Basically it would be possible for the catchby a web-shapedCam fullyguided in their movementis, but it is according to a preferredembodimentparticularly advantageous if the spring acts on a spring, thethe detent on deflection on both sides in a middle positionmoved back.In such an embodiment, it is sufficient, the cam asform a simple backdrop that rests on one side of the catchand the catch against the action of the spring after the one orthe other side deflects.

Günstig istes, wenn die Raste verschwenkbar an dem zweiten Griffteil gelagertist.Cheap isit when the catch is pivotally mounted on the second handle partis.

Auchdie Umkehrung dieses Prinzips ist möglich, die Raste kann feststehenund die Steuerkurve kann an den Griffteilen beweglich gelagert werden,so daß sichauch in diesem Falle die beschriebene Relativbewegung ergibt. Insbesonderekann auch der Einsatz übereine Feder in einer Mittelstellung gehalten und gegen die Federkraftnach beiden Seiten auslenkbar sein.Alsothe reversal of this principle is possible, the catch can be fixedand the control cam can be movably mounted on the handle parts,so thatalso in this case results in the described relative movement. Especiallycan also use overa spring held in a central position and against the spring forceto be deflectable to both sides.

DieSchließbewegungder Griffteile kann durch einen Anschlag begrenzt sein, der alsseparater Anschlag an den Griffteilen vorgesehen ist, bei einerbesonders bevorzugten Ausführungsformwird jedoch der die Schließbewegungder Griffteile begrenzende Anschlag durch die erste und die dritteSteuerkurve einerseits und die Raste andererseits gebildet. BeimSchließenwird also die Raste gegen einen Tiefstpunkt der Steuerkurve gedrückt, unddadurch wird die Schließbewegungbegrenzt, bei der Öffnung derGriffteile aus dieser Anschlagposition bewegt sich dann die Rastelängs derSteuerkurve in eine Position, in der sie entweder in den Rastrücksprung eintrittoder aber in der dritten Steuerkurve am Rastrücksprung vorbeigeführt wird.Theclosing movementThe handle parts may be limited by a stop, asSeparate stop is provided on the handle parts, at aparticularly preferred embodimentHowever, this is the closing movementthe handle parts limiting stop by the first and the thirdControl cam on the one hand and the catch formed on the other. At theShut downSo the catch is pressed against a trough of the cam, andthis will cause the closing movementlimited, at the opening of theHandle parts from this stop position then moves the catchalong theControl cam in a position in which it either enters the latch returnor is passed in the third cam on the latch return jump.

Eswäre abernatürlichauch möglich,den Anschlag einfach an den Griffteilen anzuordnen, so daß die Schließbewegungder Griffteile direkt begrenzt wird. Beispielsweise könnten anbeiden Griffteilen entsprechende Anschlagflächen vorgesehen sein, die einweiteres Zusammenführender Griffteile begrenzen.Itbut would beNaturallyalso possible,simply to arrange the stop on the handle parts, so that the closing movementthe handle parts is limited directly. For example, couldBoth handle parts corresponding stop surfaces may be provided, the onefurther merginglimit the grip parts.

Esist vorteilhaft, wenn die erste und die dritte Steuerkurve durchdie Seitenflächeneines Vorsprungs gebildet werden, der dem Rastrücksprung gegenüberliegt.Beispielsweise kann dieser Vorsprung keilförmig ausgebildet sein.Itis advantageous if the first and the third control curve throughthe side surfacesa projection are formed, which is opposite to the latching return.For example, this projection may be wedge-shaped.

DerRastrücksprungist vorzugsweise zum ersten Griffteil hin offen und kann beispielsweisekeilförmigausgebildet sein.Of theEngagement recessis preferably open to the first handle part and can, for examplecuneiformbe educated.

Beieiner bevorzugten Ausführungsformist weiterhin vorgesehen, daß andem Rastrücksprung anseiner dem ersten Griffteil abgewandten Seite eine Aufgleitfläche für die Rasteangeordnet ist, welche diese beim Schließen der Griffteile entgegender Wirkung der Feder aus ihrer Mittelstellung heraus bewegt.ata preferred embodimentis further provided that atto the latch return onits side facing away from the first handle part a sliding surface for the catchis arranged, which oppose this when closing the handle partsthe action of the spring moves out of its center position out.

Weiterhinkann vorgesehen sein, daß an demRastrücksprungan seiner dem ersten Griffteil abgewandten Seite eine Aufgleitfläche für die Raste angeordnetist, welche diese beim Öffnender Griffteile entgegen der Wirkung der Feder aus ihrer Mittelstellungheraus bewegt. Die Bewegungsrichtung der Raste längs der Aufgleitflächen istdabei beim Öffnen undSchließenentgegengesetzt und die durch die Feder definierte Mittelstellungist so gewählt,daß die Rastebeim Schließender Griffteile aus der vollständiggeöffnetenStellung auf die Aufgleitflächetrifft, die die Raste in die erste Steuerkurve führt.Farthercan be provided that on theEngagement recessarranged on its side facing away from the first handle part a sliding surface for the catchwhich is this when openingthe handle parts against the action of the spring from its center positionmoved out. The direction of movement of the catch along the slide surfaces iswhile opening andShut downopposite and defined by the spring center positionis chosenthat the catchwhile closingthe handle parts from the completelyopenPosition on the sliding surfacemeets, which leads the catch in the first cam.

Dieerste und die dritte Steuerkurve können gemeinsam einen W-förmigen Verlaufhaben, dabei ist es günstig,wenn die erste und die dritte Steuerkurve an ihren tiefsten Stellenverrundet sind.Thefirst and the third control curve can together have a W-shaped coursehave, it is cheap,when the first and the third control curve at their lowest pointsrounded.

Eskann vorgesehen sein, daß dieRaste die Form eines quer zur Schließrichtung der Griffteile verlaufendenSteges hat. Dieser Steg kann vorzugsweise am freien Ende eines schwenkbaram zweiten Griffteil gelagerten Haltearmes angeordnet sein.Itcan be provided that theSnap the shape of a transverse to the closing direction of the handle partsSteges has. This web can preferably be pivoted at the free end of aBe arranged on the second handle part supporting arms.

Weiterhinkann vorgesehen sein, daß der Rastrücksprungund gegebenenfalls die Aufgleitflächen Teil eines Querstegessind, der quer zur Schließrichtungverlaufend am ersten Griffteil gehalten ist.Farthercan be provided that the latch returnand optionally the sliding surfaces part of a crossbarwhich are transverse to the closing directionis kept running on the first handle part.

DieGriffteile könnenin beliebiger Weise gegeneinander bewegbar sein, besonders vorteilhaftist es, wenn die Griffteile gegeneinander verschwenkbar sind.TheHandle parts canbe movable in any way against each other, particularly advantageousIt is when the handle parts are mutually pivotable.

Dienachfolgende Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindungdient im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung der näheren Erläuterung. Es zeigen:Thefollowing description of preferred embodiments of the inventionused in conjunction with the drawings for further explanation. Show it:

1:eine Längsschnittansichtdurch einen Handgriff mit zwei gegeneinander verschwenkbaren Griffteilenund einer Umlaufsperre bei vollständig geöffneten Griffteilen; 1 a longitudinal sectional view through a handle with two mutually pivotable Handle parts and a circulation lock with fully open handle parts;

2:eine Detailansicht des Bereiches der Umlaufsperre beim ersten Teilder Schließbewegung; 2 a detailed view of the area of the circulation lock at the first part of the closing movement;

3:eine Darstellung ähnlich2 beim Eintrittder Raste in eine erste Steuerkurve am ersten Griffteil; 3 : a representation similar 2 upon entry of the catch in a first control cam on the first handle part;

4:eine Ansicht ähnlich2 beimEintritt der Raste in den Rastrücksprungdes ersten Griffteils; 4 : a view similar 2 at the entrance of the detent in the latching recess of the first handle part;

5:eine Ansicht ähnlich2 mitder Raste in der Verriegelungsstellung im Rastrücksprung; 5 : a view similar 2 with the catch in the locking position in the latching return;

6:eine Ansicht ähnlich2 beimEintritt der Raste in die dritte Steuerkurve am ersten Griffteil; 6 : a view similar 2 upon entry of the catch in the third control cam on the first handle part;

7:eine Ansicht ähnlich2 beimAustritt der Raste aus dem Rastrücksprungam ersten Griffteil und 7 : a view similar 2 at the exit of the catch from the latch return on the first handle part and

8:eine Ansicht ähnlich2 beider Öffnungsbewegungder Griffteile kurz vor Erreichen der vollständigen Öffnung. 8th : a view similar 2 at the opening movement of the handle parts just before reaching the full opening.

Dasin der Zeichnung nur teilweise dargestellte Instrument1 kannbeispielsweise ein Rohrschaftinstrument mit zwei Klemmwerkzeugenoder zwei Schneidwerkzeugen sein oder ein Nadelhalter, eine Zangeoder ein ähnlichesInstrument. In der Zeichnung ist von diesem Instrument1 nurein Handgriff2 dargestellt, der ein feststehendes zweitesGriffteil3 und ein schwenkbar an diesem gelagertes erstesGriffteil4 umfaßt.The only partially shown in the drawing instrument 1 may be, for example, a tubular shaft instrument with two clamping tools or two cutting tools or a needle holder, a pair of pliers or a similar instrument. In the drawing is from this instrument 1 just a handle 2 shown, which is a fixed second handle part 3 and a pivotally mounted on this first handle part 4 includes.

Diebeiden Griffteile werden übereine an beiden Griffteilen angreifende Biegefeder5 ineine Offenstellung verschwenkt, in der sie maximal voneinander entferntsind. Mit dem zweiten Griffteil3 ist ein Außenrohr6 festverbunden, in dem eine Betätigungsstange7 verschiebbaraufgenommen ist. Diese wird unter Zwischenschaltung einer Überlastschutzfeder8 über einenmit dem ersten Griffteil4 verschwenkbar verbundenen Betätigungshebel9 beim Öffnen undSchließender Griffteile zurück – und vorgeschobenund kann dann am anderen Ende ein Werkzeug betätigen.The two handle parts are attacked by a bending spring acting on both handle parts 5 pivoted in an open position in which they are maximally removed from each other. With the second handle part 3 is an outer tube 6 firmly connected, in which an actuating rod 7 slidably received. This is done with the interposition of an overload protection spring 8th about one with the first handle part 4 pivotally connected actuating lever 9 when opening and closing the handle parts back - and advanced and can then operate a tool on the other end.

Amzweiten Griffteil ist in einer Ausnehmung10 um eine parallelzur Schwenkachse des ersten Griffteiles1 verlaufende Schwenkachseein Rastkörper11 verschwenkbargelagert, der mit einem Haltearm12 aus der Ausnehmung10 hervorstehtund dort mit dem keilförmigzulaufenden Ende des Haltearms12 auf das erste Griffteil1 weist.Der Rastkörper11 wirddurch eine beidseitig abgestützteSchraubenfeder13 in einer Mittellage gehalten und kannnach beiden Seiten unter Kompression der Schraubenfeder13 verschwenktwerden, die Schraubenfeder13 führt den Rastkörper11 ineine neutrale Mittellage zurück, wennkeine anderen Drehmomente auf ihn wirken.The second handle part is in a recess 10 around a parallel to the pivot axis of the first handle part 1 extending pivot axis a catch body 11 pivotally mounted, with a holding arm 12 from the recess 10 protrudes and there with the wedge-shaped tapered end of the support arm 12 on the first handle part 1 has. The ratchet body 11 is supported by a bilaterally supported coil spring 13 held in a central position and can be on both sides under compression of the coil spring 13 to be pivoted, the coil spring 13 leads the catch body 11 in a neutral center position back, if no other torques act on him.

Anseinem freien Ende trägtder Haltearm12 einen parallel zur Schwenkachse des Rastkörpers11 verlaufendenSteg14 von etwa dreieckförmigem Querschnitt. An seinerdem ersten Griffteil4 zugewandten Unterseite wird derSteg14 durch zwei keilförmig zum zweiten Griffteil3 hinauseinanderlaufende Anlageflächen15,16 begrenzt,an seiner Oberseite durch eine schräg ansteigende Rastfläche17.At its free end the holding arm carries 12 one parallel to the pivot axis of the detent body 11 running bridge 14 of approximately triangular cross-section. At its the first handle part 4 The underside facing the bridge 14 by two wedge-shaped to the second handle part 3 towards divergent contact surfaces 15 . 16 limited, on its upper side by a sloping catch surface 17 ,

DemRastkörper11 gegenüberliegendist in eine Ausnehmung18 des ersten Griffteils4 einEinsatz19 eingesetzt, in den eine im Querschnitt etwa W-förmige Vertiefung20 eingearbeitetist. Diese Vertiefung20 ist an den tiefsten Stellen desW-förmigen Querschnittesverrundet, weist also dort einen bogenförmigen Boden auf, und diesebeiden bogenförmigenAbschnitte werden in der Mitte von einem etwa keilförmig nachoben abstehenden Vorsprung21 voneinander getrennt. Aufseiner in der Zeichnung linken, der Schwenklagerung des ersten Griffteils4 benachbartenSeite wird der Vorsprung21 durch eine Seitenfläche22 begrenzt,die eine erste Steuerkurve ausbildet, auf der rechten Seite durcheine Seitenfläche23,die eine dritte Steuerkurve ausbildet. Oberhalb des Vorsprunges21 befindetsich ein ebenfalls Teil des Einsatzes19 bildender Quersteg24,der parallel zum Steg14 verläuft und der an seiner Unterseitedem Vorsprung21 gegenüberliegendeinen Rastrücksprung25 trägt, derzum ersten Griffteil4 hin offen ist und eine schräg ansteigendeAnlagefläche26 undeine relativ steil zum ersten Griffteil4 hin abfallendeAnlagefläche27 aufweist,die gemeinsam eine zweite Steuerkurve ausbilden.The catch body 11 opposite is in a recess 18 of the first handle part 4 an insert 19 used in the one in cross-section approximately W-shaped recess 20 is incorporated. This depression 20 is rounded at the lowest points of the W-shaped cross-section, thus having there an arcuate bottom, and these two arcuate portions are in the middle of an approximately wedge-shaped upstanding projection 21 separated from each other. On his left in the drawing, the pivotal mounting of the first grip part 4 neighboring side becomes the projection 21 through a side surface 22 limited, which forms a first cam, on the right side by a side surface 23 , which forms a third cam. Above the projection 21 is also a part of the insert 19 forming crosspiece 24 , which is parallel to the jetty 14 runs and the at its bottom the projection 21 opposite a rest return 25 carries that to the first handle part 4 is open and a sloping contact surface 26 and a relatively steep to the first handle part 4 sloping contact surface 27 has, which together form a second control cam.

Anseinen beiden Außenseitenverläuftder Quersteg24 in Form von zwei sich zum zweiten Griffteil3 hinkeilförmigannäherndenebenen Anlageflächen28 und29 schräg nach oben,wobei die Spitze des Quersteges24 von der Schwenkachsedes ersten Griffteiles4 einen größeren Abstand hat als der Rastrücksprung25,so daß sichder Quersteg24 ausgehend von der Mitte der W-förmigen Vertiefung20 imwesentlichen zu deren rechter Seite hin erstreckt.On its two outer sides of the crosspiece runs 24 in the form of two to the second handle part 3 towards wedge-shaped approximate planar contact surfaces 28 and 29 obliquely upward, the top of the crosspiece 24 from the pivot axis of the first handle part 4 has a greater distance than the latch return 25 so that the crosspiece 24 starting from the middle of the W-shaped recess 20 extends substantially to the right side.

Wenndie beiden Griffteile3 und4 in der vollständig geöffnetenStellung stehen, ist der Steg14 im Abstand von dem Einsatz19 angeordnet,der Rastkörper11 stehtin seiner Mittelstellung. Diese Stellung ist in1 dargestellt.If the two handle parts 3 and 4 in the fully open position is the bridge 14 at a distance from the insert 19 arranged, the catch body 11 is in its middle position. This position is in 1 shown.

BeimSchließender beiden Griffteile3 und4 trifft der Steg14 aufdie der Schwenkachse des ersten Griffteiles4 zugewandteAnlagefläche28 des Quersteges24 aufund wird beim weiteren Schließen andieser Anlagefläche28 entlanggeführt,dabei wird der Rastkörper11 entgegender Wirkung der Schraubenfeder13 im Uhrzeigersinn verschwenkt,diese Phase der Bewegung ist in2 dargestellt.When closing the two handle parts 3 and 4 meets the jetty 14 on the pivot axis of the first handle part 4 facing contact surface 28 of crosspiece 24 on and on further contact with this contact surface 28 guided along, while the catch body 11 against the action of the coil spring 13 pivoted clockwise, this phase of movement is in 2 shown.

DieAnlagefläche28 istso angeordnet, daß beider weiteren Schließbewegungder Steg14 in den linken Abschnitt der W-förmigen Vertiefung20 eintauchtund dort gegen den Boden der Vertiefung20 stößt, damitwird die Schließbewegungder beiden Griffteile3 und4 begrenzt. DieseStellung ist in3 dargestellt.The contact surface 28 is arranged so that in the further closing movement of the web 14 in the left section of the W-shaped recess 20 dips in and there against the bottom of the depression 20 pushes, so that is the closing movement of the two handle parts 3 and 4 limited. This position is in 3 shown.

Öffnet manausgehend von dieser Stellung die Griffteile3,4,so gleitet der Steg14 unter der Wirkung der Schraubenfeder13 ander linken Seitenfläche22 desVorsprunges21 entlang, diese Seitenfläche22 wirkt somitals erste Steuerkurve, die eine Verschwenkung des Rastkörpers11 entgegendem Uhrzeigersinn ermöglicht,so daß derSteg14 unterhalb der Anlagefläche26 des Rastrücksprunges25 positioniertwird, wie dies in5 dargestellt ist. Beim weiteren öffnen trittder Steg14 somit in den Rastrücksprung25 ein undgleitet in diesem unter der verschwenkenden Wirkung der Schraubenfeder13 entlang,bis die Anlagefläche16 desSteges14 an der Anlagefläche27 des Rastrücksprunges25 anschlägt. Dadurchwird der Steg14, der eine Raste ausbildet, im Rastrücksprung25 festgelegtund verhindert eine weitere Öffnungsbewegungder beiden Griffteile3,4 (5).If you start from this position, the handle parts 3 . 4 so the jetty glides 14 under the action of the coil spring 13 on the left side surface 22 of the lead 21 along, this side surface 22 thus acts as a first cam, the pivoting of the detent body 11 allows counterclockwise, so that the bridge 14 below the contact surface 26 of the latch return 25 is positioned as in 5 is shown. Upon further opening, the bridge enters 14 thus in the latch return 25 and slides in this under the pivoting action of the coil spring 13 along until the contact surface 16 of the footbridge 14 at the contact surface 27 of the latch return 25 strikes. This will make the bridge 14 , which forms a catch, in the latch return 25 set and prevents further opening movement of the two handle parts 3 . 4 ( 5 ).

Drückt mandie beiden Griffteile3 und4 erneut gegeneinander,so tritt der Steg14 nunmehr in die rechte Hälfte derW-förmigenVertiefung20 ein, da der Rastkörper11 durch denEintritt des Steges14 in den Rastrücksprung25 unterder Wirkung der Schraubenfeder13 geringfügig nachrechts verschoben worden ist, und hier wird der Steg14 ander Seitenfläche23 desVorsprunges21 entlang so geführt, daß der Rastkörper11 weiter entgegender Uhrzeigerrichtung verschwenkt wird, und zwar bis zu einer Position,in der der Steg14 nicht mehr dem Rastrücksprung25 gegenüberliegt,sondern der rechten Anlagefläche29 desQuersteges24. Beim öffnender beiden Griffteile3,4 gleitet daher der Steg14 andieser Anlagefläche29 entlangund wird dadurch entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn verschwenkt, diese Verschwenkungführt über dieneutrale Mittelstellung hinaus, so daß der Steg14 beidieser Verschwenkbewegung durch die Schraubenfeder13 gegendie Anlagefläche29 angedrückt wird.Dieser Bewegungsablauf ist in den6 bis8 dargestellt.Press the two handle parts 3 and 4 again against each other, so the footbridge occurs 14 now in the right half of the W-shaped depression 20 one, because the catch body 11 through the entrance of the bridge 14 in the latch jump 25 under the action of the coil spring 13 has been moved slightly to the right, and here is the footbridge 14 on the side surface 23 of the lead 21 guided along so that the locking body 11 is further pivoted counterclockwise, up to a position in which the web 14 no longer the latch return 25 opposite, but the right bearing surface 29 of the crossbar 24 , When opening the two handle parts 3 . 4 therefore, the jetty glides 14 at this contact surface 29 along and is thereby pivoted counterclockwise, this pivoting leads beyond the neutral center position, so that the web 14 in this pivoting movement by the coil spring 13 against the contact surface 29 is pressed. This movement is in the 6 to 8th shown.

Sobaldder Steg14 am oberen Ende der Anlagefläche29 angelangt ist,verschwenkt der Rastkörper11 unterder Wirkung der Schraubenfeder13 wieder in die neutraleMittelstellung, so daß beierneutem Schließender Griffteile3,4 der Bewegungsablauf beginnt,wie dies oben erörtertworden ist.Once the jetty 14 at the upper end of the contact surface 29 arrived, pivots the ratchet body 11 under the action of the coil spring 13 again in the neutral center position, so that when you close the handle parts 3 . 4 the movement begins, as discussed above.

DerBenutzer kann also einfach die beiden Griffteile3,4 schließen, bisein Anschlag erreicht ist, und dann kurz loslassen, dadurch erfolgteine Verriegelung in der Schließstellung,durch erneutes Zusammendrückenkann diese Verriegelung wieder gelöst werden. Dabei muß nichtdarauf geachtet werden, daß beider Schließbewegungdie Schließpositionnicht überfahrenwerden darf, dies ist bei dieser Konstruktion nicht möglich.The user can easily handle the two handles 3 . 4 Close until a stop is reached, and then release briefly, this is a lock in the closed position, by re-squeezing this lock can be released again. It must not be taken to ensure that during the closing movement, the closed position must not be run over, this is not possible with this construction.

Claims (16)

Translated fromGerman
Chirurgisches Instrument mit zwei gegeneinanderbewegbaren Griffteilen und mit einer Umlaufsperre zur gegenseitigenFixierung der Griffteile in einer Schließstellung und zur Lösung derFixierung beim weiteren Annähernder Griffteile überdie Schließstellunghinaus in eine Öffnungsstellung,die an einem ersten Griffteil einen Rastrücksprung und an einem zweitenGriffteil eine in diesen eingreifende und dadurch die Griffteilein der Schließstellungfixierende Raste umfaßt,die beim Schließender Griffteile an einer Seite des Rastrücksprunges vorbeibewegt wirdund beim Öffnenan der anderen, wobei an dem ersten Griffteil eine erste Steuerkurveangeordnet ist, die beim Schließender Griffteile gegen einen die Schließbewegung begrenzenden Anschlagdie Raste in eine Einraststellung bringt, in der sie beim Öffnen derGriffteile zwangsläufigin den Rastrücksprung eintritt,wobei der Rastrücksprungeine zweite Steuerkurve trägt,die die Raste beim Eintauchen in den Rastrücksprung aus einer der erstenSteuerkurve gegenüberliegendenEintrittsposition in eine einer dritten Steuerkurve am ersten GriffteilgegenüberliegendeAustrittsposition bewegt, und wobei die dritte Steuerkurve die Rastebeim erneuten Schließender Griffteile aus der Schließstellungheraus in eine Ausraststellung bringt, aus der sie beim Öffnen derGriffteile zwangsläufigam Rastrücksprungvorbeibewegt wird,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rastrücksprung(25) und die erste und die dritte Steuerkurve (22,23)in einem Einsatz (19) angeordnet sind, der in das ersteGriffteil (4) eingesetzt ist.Surgical instrument with two mutually movable handle parts and with a circular lock for mutual fixation of the handle parts in a closed position and to solve the fixation in the further approach of the handle parts on the closed position out into an open position, the latch on a first handle part and on a second handle part in this engaging and thereby the handle parts in the closed position fixing catch comprises, which is moved when closing the handle parts on one side of the latch recess and when opening on the other, wherein on the first handle part, a first control cam is arranged, the closing of the handle parts against a closing movement limiting the stop the detent brings into a latching position in which it inevitably enters the latching jump when opening the handle parts, wherein the latching return carries a second control curve, the catch when immersed in the locking piece prung from one of the first control cam opposite entry position into a third control cam on the first handle part opposite exit position moves, and wherein the third control cam brings the catch when re-closing the handle parts from the closed position into a disengaged position, from which they inevitably on opening the handle parts on Rasteücksprung is moved past,characterized in that the latch return ( 25 ) and the first and third control cams ( 22 . 23 ) in a mission ( 19 ) are arranged in the first handle part ( 4 ) is used.Instrument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß aufdie Raste (14) eine Feder (13) wirkt, die dieRaste (14) bei Auslenkung nach beiden Seiten in eine Mittelstellungzurückbewegt.Instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that on the catch ( 14 ) a feather ( 13 ) which acts the catch ( 14 ) moved back to a center position at deflection on both sides.Instrument nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß dieRaste (14) verschwenkbar an dem zweiten Griffteil (3)gelagert ist.Instrument according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the catch ( 14 ) pivotable on the second handle part ( 3 ) is stored.Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß derdie Schließbewegungder Griffteile (3,4) begrenzende Anschlag durchdie erste und die dritte Steuerkurve (22,23)einerseits und die Raste (14) andererseits gebildet wird.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing movement of the handle parts ( 3 . 4 ) limiting stop by the first and the third control cam ( 22 . 23 ) on the one hand and the catch ( 14 ) on the other hand is formed.Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß dieerste und die dritte Steuerkurve (22,23) durchdie Seitenflächeneines Vorsprungs (21) gebildet werden, der dem Rastrücksprung(25) gegenüberliegt.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the third control cam ( 22 . 23 ) through the side surfaces of a projection ( 21 ), which corresponds to the latching return ( 25 ) is opposite.Instrument nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß derVorsprung (21) keilförmigausgebildet ist.Instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that the projection ( 21 ) is wedge-shaped.Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß derRastrücksprung(25) zum ersten Griffteil (4) hin offen ist.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latch return ( 25 ) to the first handle part ( 4 ) is open.Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß derRastrücksprung(25) keilförmigausgebildet ist.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latch return ( 25 ) is wedge-shaped.Instrument nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß andem Rastrücksprung(25) an seiner dem ersten Griffteil (4) zugewandtenSeite eine Aufgleitfläche(28) fürdie Raste (14) angeordnet ist, welche diese beim Schließen der Griffteile(3,4) entgegen der Wirkung der Feder (13) ausihrer Mittelstellung heraus bewegt.Instrument according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that at the latch return ( 25 ) at its first handle part ( 4 ) facing side a sliding surface ( 28 ) for the catch ( 14 ) is arranged, which this when closing the handle parts ( 3 . 4 ) against the action of the spring ( 13 ) moved out of its middle position.Instrument nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß andem Rastrücksprung(25) an seiner dem ersten Griffteil (4) zugewandtenSeite eine Aufgleitfläche(29) fürdie Raste (14) angeordnet ist, welche diese beim Öffnen der Griffteile(3,4) entgegen der Wirkung der Feder aus ihrerMittelstellung heraus bewegt.Instrument according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that at the latch return ( 25 ) at its first handle part ( 4 ) facing side a sliding surface ( 29 ) for the catch ( 14 ) is arranged, which this when opening the handle parts ( 3 . 4 ) moved against the action of the spring from its center position out.Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß dieerste und die dritte Steuerkurve (22,23) gemeinsameinen W-förmigenVerlauf haben.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the third control cam ( 22 . 23 ) together have a W-shaped course.Instrument nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß dieerste und die dritte Steuerkurve (22,23) an ihrentiefsten Stellen verrundet sind.Instrument according to claim 11, characterized in that the first and the third control cam ( 22 . 23 ) are rounded at their lowest points.Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß dieRaste (14) die Form eines quer zur Schließrichtungder Griffteile (3,4) verlaufenden Steges hat.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the catch ( 14 ) the shape of a transverse to the closing direction of the handle parts ( 3 . 4 ) running web has.Instrument nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß derSteg am freien Ende eines schwenkbar am zweiten Griffteil (3)gelagerten Haltearmes (12) angeordnet ist.Instrument according to claim 13, characterized in that the web at the free end of a pivotable on the second handle part ( 3 ) mounted holding arms ( 12 ) is arranged.Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß derRastrücksprung(25) und gegebenenfalls die Aufgleitflächen (26,27)Teil eines Quersteges (24) sind, der quer zur Schließrichtungverlaufend am ersten Griffteil (4) gehalten ist.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latch return ( 25 ) and possibly the sliding surfaces ( 26 . 27 ) Part of a crossbar ( 24 ), which extend transversely to the closing direction on the first handle part ( 4 ) is held.Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß dieGriffteile (3,4) gegeneinander verschwenkbarsind.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grip parts ( 3 . 4 ) are mutually pivotable.
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