Seit ca. 20 Jahren gibt es eine Vorrichtung, um bei Textilreinigungsmaschinen, vorzugsweise für Baumwolle, den Abfall automatisch zu bewerten und die Reinigungsintensität zu beeinflussen, z. B.
Nachteilig bei diesem System ist die Verwendung einer Optik und von Photosensoren. Die notwendige Beleuchtung und die Frontlinse der optischen Sensorik verschmutzen leicht und verhindern eine gute Messung. Auch spiegelt die optische Detektion nicht richtig die Verschmutzung wider. Bräunliche Baumwollfasern sind durchaus erwünscht, braune Holzteile jedoch nicht. Ein Stück schwarzes Papier stört weniger als schwarzer Kunststoff. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zu schaffen, das wenig Wartung bedarf, und ein gutes Signal für die Bewertung der Reinigung liefert. Erfindungsgemäß wird das bewirkt durch die Auswertung von Schall- oder Vibrationsfrequenzen, die entstehen, wenn Abfälle in einer Abförderleitung transportiert werden. Harte Teile wie Steine, Stängel, Kunststoffteile oder Sand bewirken charakteristische Frequenzen, die sich von Fasern wie Baumwolle unterscheiden. Am einfachsten ist es, den Körperschall, der durch die Partikel entsteht, an der Abtransportleitung aufzunehmen. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, mittels eines Mikrofons das Geräusch aufzunehmen oder insbesondere bei einem flexible aufgehängten Teil der Abtransportleitung mittels eines Schwingungsaufnehmers die Auslenkungen zu registrieren.The disadvantage of this system is the use of optics and photo sensors. The necessary lighting and the front lens of the optical sensors get dirty easily and prevent a good measurement. Also, the optical detection does not properly reflect the contamination. Brownish cotton fibers are desirable, but brown wooden parts are not. A piece of black paper bothers less than black plastic. The object of the invention is to create a device and a method that requires little maintenance and provides a good signal for evaluating the cleaning. According to the invention, this is brought about by evaluating sound or vibration frequencies that arise when waste is transported in a discharge line. Hard parts such as stones, stalks, plastic parts or sand cause characteristic frequencies that differ from fibers such as cotton. The easiest way is to pick up the structure-borne noise caused by the particles at the transport line. However, it is also conceivable to record the noise by means of a microphone or, in particular in the case of a flexibly suspended part of the transport line, to register the deflections by means of a vibration sensor.
Das aufgenommene Frequenzbild wird nach Frequenz und Amplitude untersucht und nach Gutfasern und Fremdpartikeln unterschieden. Der Anteil der Fasern zu den Fremdstoffen bei Materialdurchsatz dient zur Bestimmung der Reinigungsgüte. Wird ein hoher Anteil Fasern ausgeschieden, werden die Reinigungselemente auf „weniger Ausschleusen“ eingestellt oder umgekehrt. Es kann der Anstellwinkel oder die Distanz von Messern oder Dreikantstäben zu Fasertransportwalzen variiert werden, oder Einweiselemente näher oder weiter von der Transportwalze positioniert werden. Es ist auch denkbar, die Drehzahlen von Fasertransportwalzen, Umlenkwinkel oder den Faserdurchsatz zu variieren.The recorded frequency image is examined according to frequency and amplitude and a distinction is made between good fibers and foreign particles. The proportion of fibers to foreign matter in the material throughput is used to determine the cleaning quality. If a high proportion of fibers are separated, the cleaning elements are set to "reject less" or vice versa. The angle of attack or the distance from knives or triangular rods to fiber transport rollers can be varied, or guide elements can be positioned closer or further from the transport roller. It is also conceivable to vary the speeds of fiber transport rollers, the deflection angle or the fiber throughput.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturPatent Literature Cited
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021003136.9ADE102021003136A1 (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | waste control | 
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021003136.9ADE102021003136A1 (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | waste control | 
| Publication Number | Publication Date | 
|---|---|
| DE102021003136A1true DE102021003136A1 (en) | 2022-12-22 | 
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date | 
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021003136.9AWithdrawnDE102021003136A1 (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | waste control | 
| Country | Link | 
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| DE (1) | DE102021003136A1 (en) | 
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