Stand der TechnikState of the art
DieErfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Unterstützung beimRückwärtsfahren eines Gespanns bestehend aus einemZugfahrzeug mit einem Anhänger gemäß demOberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, eine Fahrassistenzvorrichtung gemäß demOberbegriff des Anspruchs 12 und ein Computerprogrammprodukt gemäß demOberbegriff des Anspruchs 15.TheThe invention relates to a method for assisting inReversing a team consisting of oneTowing vehicle with a trailer according to theThe preamble of claim 1, a driving assistance device according to theThe preamble of claim 12 and a computer program product according to theThe preamble of claim 15.
BekannteFahrassistenzvorrichtungen zur Unterstützung eines Fahrerseines Fahrzeugs beim Einparken, im Folgenden kurz als Einparksysteme bezeichnet,berechnen zu Beginn bzw. vor Beginn eines Einparkvorgangs eine auchals Einparkbahn oder Einparktrajektorie bezeichnete Bahn fürdas Einparken des Fahrzeugs. Diese Bahn wird anhand der Geometrieeiner Parklücke und einer Fahrzeugposition relativ zu dieserParklücke berechnet. Dabei vermisst das Einparksystem mitbeispielsweise seitlich am Fahrzeug angebrachten Sensoren, beispielsweiseUltraschallsensoren (Ultrasonic Park Assist Sensoren; UPA-Sensoren),eine mögliche Parklücke, berechnet aus den Lückendatendie auch als Einparktrajektorie bezeichnete Bahn und steuert das Fahrzeugbeispielsweise durch aktiven Lenkeingriff oder durch beispielsweiseauf einem Display eines Navigationsgeräts angezeigte Fahranweisungenan den Fahrer in die Parklücke. Während des Einparkvorgangsbzw. beim Einparken wird die Distanz zu die Parklücke begrenzendenObjekten durch UPA-Sensoren überwacht.KnownDriver assistance devices to assist a driverof a vehicle when parking, hereinafter referred to as parking systems,also calculate one at the beginning or before the start of a parking processas Einparkbahn or Einpark trajectory designated path forthe parking of the vehicle. This orbit will be based on the geometrya parking space and a vehicle position relative to thisParking space calculated. The parking system misses with itFor example, laterally mounted on the vehicle sensors, for exampleUltrasonic sensors (Ultrasonic Park Assist sensors, UPA sensors),a possible parking space, calculated from the gap dataalso called the park trajectory and controls the vehiclefor example, by active steering intervention or by, for exampledriving instructions displayed on a display of a navigation deviceto the driver in the parking space. During the parking processor when parking, the distance to the parking space is limitedObjects monitored by UPA sensors.
Prinzipiellfährt der Fahrer hierbei blind rückwärts,da er keine Information darüber erhält, wo ihn dievom Einparksystem berechnete Bahn, der er z. B. durch Fahranweisungenfolgt, hinführt. Derartige Einparksysteme sind beim Anhängerbetriebnicht geeignet, den Fahrer eines Zugfahrzeugs beim Rangieren undinsbesondere beim Rückwärtsfahren zu unterstützen,da beispielsweise am Heck des Zugfahrzeugs angeordnete UPA-Sensorendurch den Anhänger abgedeckt und damit wirkungslos werden.in principlethe driver drives blindly backwards,because he receives no information about where thecalculated by Einparksystem train, he z. B. by driving instructionsfollows, leads. Such parking systems are in trailer operationnot suitable to the driver of a towing vehicle when maneuvering andespecially when backing up,For example, because arranged at the rear of the towing vehicle UPA sensorsbe covered by the trailer and thus ineffective.
Darüberhinaus sind ebenfalls zur Kategorie Einparksysteme zu zählendeRückfahrkameras (Rear View Kamera Systeme) bekannt, welcheein Videobild des rückwärtigen Bereichs einesFahrzeugs z. B. bei eingelegtem Rückwärtsgangerfassen und auf einem Display, beispielsweise wiederum einem Displayeines Navigationsgeräts, anzeigen. Auf dieser Technologieaufbauende Einparksysteme blenden eine sich aus dem momentanen Lenkwinkelergebende Bahn des Fahrzeugs in die Anzeige der Umgebung auf demDisplay ein. Der Lenkwinkel ergibt sich aus dem Lenkradeinschlagund kann auf relativ einfache Art und Weise zur Bestimmung der einzublendendenBahn erfasst werden.About thatIn addition, parking systems are also to be countedRear view camera systems known whicha video image of the rear area of aVehicle z. B. with reverse gear engagedcapture and on a display, for example, again a displaya navigation device. On this technologyUpgrading parking systems dazzle themselves from the current steering angleresulting trajectory of the vehicle in the display of the environment on theDisplay on. The steering angle results from the steering wheel angleand can be used in a relatively simple way to determine which one to showTrack be detected.
Nachteilighieran ist neben der Abdeckung der Rückfahrkamera durchden Anhänger, dass die eingeblendete Bahn bei einem Zugfahrzeugmit Anhänger aus mehreren Gründen nicht mehr gültigist. So folgt der Anhänger beispielsweise einer anderen Bahn,als das Zugfahrzeug. Die Bahn eines Anhängers bzw. einesGespanns kann außerdem unabhängig davon, ob essich um einen nach Straßenverkehrsordnung und Zulassungsrichtlinienzur Kategorie der einachsigen Anhänger zählendenAnhänger, um einen Sattelauflieger, oder um einen mehrachsigenAnhänger mit durch mit dem Zugfahrzeug verbundener Deichselgesteuerter lenkbarer Vorderachse handelt, nicht wie bei einem Fahrzeugallein ausschließlich durch den momentanen Lenkwinkel bestimmtwerden.adverselythis is in addition to the cover of the rear view camera throughthe trailer that the displayed track at a towing vehiclewith trailer no longer valid for several reasonsis. For example, the trailer follows another lane,as the towing vehicle. The track of a trailer or aApart from that, regardless of whether it isIt's about a road traffic regulations and approval guidelinescounting to the category of uniaxial pendantsTrailer to a semi-trailer, or to a multi-axleTrailer with connected by towing vehicle drawbarcontrolled steerable front axle, not like a vehiclesolely determined by the current steering anglebecome.
Fürsolche Anwendungen ist es erforderlich, zusätzlich zumLenkwinkel des Zugfahrzeugs zumindest den Trailerwinkel zwischenden Längsachsen von Zugfahrzeug und Anhänger zubestimmen.ForSuch applications require it, in addition toSteering angle of the tractor at least the trailer angle betweenthe longitudinal axes of towing vehicle and trailer toodetermine.
Ausder
Beieinem aus Zugfahrzeug und Anhänger mit einer mit einerDeichsel verbundenen, lenkbaren Vorderachse bestehenden Gelenkzuggestaltet sich die Erkennung des Trailerwinkels im Vergleich zueinem Sattelzug ungleich schwieriger, da der Anhänger überdie Deichsel, welche ein zusätzliches Gelenk bildet, mitdem Zugfahrzeug verbunden ist. So müssen beispielsweiseum beim Rückwärtsfahren Lenkhinweise an den Fahrerausgeben zu können, neben anderen, insbesondere die Abmessungendes Lastzuges betreffenden Größen, mindestenszwei der folgenden Winkel
Durchdie
Durchdie
Durchdie
Demgenannten Stand der Technik ist gemein, dass der Fahrer eines Zugfahrzeugsmit Anhänger darauf vertrauen muss, dass die Bahn entlangder sich das Gespann bewegt frei ist, da er keine direkte Kontrollehierüber hat. Wird ein Hindernis bei der Bahnplanung mittelsder durch die
Alseine Aufgabe der Erfindung kann es deshalb angesehen werden, einVerfahren zur Unterstützung beim Rangieren bzw. Rückwärtsfahreneines Gespanns aus Zugfahrzeug mit Anhänger zu entwickeln,bei dem die Gefahr einer Kollision gegenüber dem Standder Technik verringert ist.WhenAn object of the invention can therefore be considered aMethod for assistance in maneuvering or reversingto develop a team of towing vehicle with trailer,at the risk of collision with the statethe technique is reduced.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
DieAufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Unterstützungbeim Rückwärtsfahren eines Gespanns aus Zugfahrzeugmit Anhänger, bei welchem Verfahren zur Steuerung des Gespannsentlang einer Trajektorie der Lenkwinkel des Zugfahrzeugs und zumindestder Trailerwinkel zwischen den Längsachsen von Zugfahrzeugund Anhänger erfasst werden. Erfindungsgemäß istvorgesehen, dass beispielsweise mittels einer an dem Anhängerangeordneten Rückfahrkamera, vorzugsweise einer Eckkamera, einVideobild des rückwärtigen Bereichs des Anhängerserfasst und beispielsweise auf einem Display, vorzugsweise einemDisplay eines Navigationsgeräts angezeigt wird. In dieAnzeige des Videobilds auf dem Display wird die Trajektorie eingeblendet,entlang der sich das Gespann beim Rückwärtsfahren bewegt.TheTask is solved by a support procedurewhen reversing a team of towing vehiclewith trailer, in which method of controlling the teamalong a trajectory of the steering angle of the towing vehicle and at leastthe trailer angle between the longitudinal axles of towing vehicleand followers are captured. According to the inventionprovided that, for example by means of a trailerarranged rear view camera, preferably a corner camera, aVideo image of the rear area of the trailerdetected and, for example, on a display, preferably oneDisplay of a navigation device is displayed. In theDisplay of the video image on the display, the trajectory is displayedalong which the team moves when reversing.
Vorteileder Erfindung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik ergeben sichinsbesondere dadurch, dass der Fahrer eines Gespanns durch das Videobild Kenntnisvom Geschehen hinter dem Gespann erhält und dadurch Gefahrensituationen,wie z. B. Kollisionen mit Personen oder Gegenständen, erkennenund diesen ausweichen kann. Darüber hinaus kann der Fahrerdurch die in das Videobild eingeblendete Trajektorie möglicheKollisionen beispielsweise mit in der Bahn liegenden Gegenständenfrühzeitig erkennen. Durch Einblendung der Trajektoriein das Videobild wird dem Fahrer darüber hinaus in einund der selben Anzeige sowohl die Trajektorie gezeigt, entlang dersich das Gespann beim Rückwärtsfahren bewegt,als auch das Geschehen hinter dem Gespann. Dies verringert die Unfallgefahrgegenüber dem Stand der Technik erheblich. Da ein Display,auf dem die Anzeige des Videobilds und die Einblendung der Trajektorieerfolgt, vorzugsweise am Fahrerplatz im Zugfahrzeug angeordnet ist,hat der Fahrer durch die Rückspiegel des Zugfahrzeugs unddurch den freien Blick durch Front- und Seitenscheiben das Umfelddes Gespanns in den anderen, nicht vom Videobild erfassten Bereichenstets im Blick, was die Unfallgefahr beim Rückwärtsfahrenweiter verringert.advantagesThe invention over the prior art arisein particular in that the driver of a team through the video image notereceives from the action behind the team and thereby dangerous situations,such as As collisions with persons or objects recognizeand can avoid this. In addition, the driver canpossible through the trajectory inserted in the video imageFor example, collisions with objects in the trackrecognize early. By insertion of the trajectoryin addition to the video image, the driver is in aand the same display both the trajectory shown along thethe team moves when reversing,as well as the events behind the team. This reduces the risk of accidentscompared to the prior art considerably. As a display,on which the display of the video image and the insertion of the trajectorytakes place, preferably located at the driver's seat in the towing vehicle,has the driver through the rearview mirror of the towing vehicle andthrough the free view through front and side windows the environmentof the team in the other areas not covered by the video imagealways in view, what the accident risk when reversingfurther reduced.
Einevorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die indie Anzeige des Videobilds eingeblendete Trajektorie eine sich ausdem momentanen Lenkwinkel und dem momentanen Trailerwinkel ergebendeBahn des Gespanns ist.Aadvantageous embodiment of the invention provides that inthe display of the video image superimposed trajectory itselfthe current steering angle and the current trailer angle resultingTrack of the team is.
Eineandere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dassdie in die Anzeige des Videobilds eingeblendete Trajektorie eineZielführungsbahn ist, welche durch eine Eingabe in derAnzeige des Videobilds veränderbar und damit an einen Fahrerwunsch,beispielsweise an eine gewünschte Abstellposition des Anhängersoder des Gespanns, bedarfsgerecht anpassbar ist.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the superimposed in the display of the video image trajectory is a target guideway, which can be changed by an input in the display of the video image and thus to a Fah rerwunsch, for example, to a desired parking position of the trailer or the team, is customizable as needed.
DieZielführungsbahn ist vorzugsweise bei einem Stillstanddes Gespanns durch eine Eingabe veränderbar.TheGuidance path is preferably at a standstillof the team can be changed by an input.
DieEingabe kann eine Auswahl einer gewünschten, am Ende derZielführungsbahn liegenden Zielposition des Gespanns inder Anzeige des Videobilds umfassen.TheInput can be a selection of a desired, at the end ofTarget guideway lying target position of the team inInclude the display of the video image.
Alternativoder zusätzlich kann die Eingabe eine Auswahl einer gewünschtenBahngeometrie, wie beispielsweise einer Geraden, eines Kreisbogens,eines Halb- oder Vollkreises, umfassen. Die Eingabe erfolgt vorzugsweise überein Display, auf dem das Videobild angezeigt wird. Das Display kann beispielsweiseein berührungsempfindliches Display bzw. ein Touch-Screensein.alternativeor additionally, the input may be a selection of a desired oneWeb geometry, such as a straight line, a circular arc,a semicircle or a full circle. The input is preferably viaa display on which the video image is displayed. The display can, for examplea touch-sensitive display or a touch screenbe.
Besondersbevorzugt ist die Zielführungsbahn ausgehend von einersich aus dem momentanen Lenkwinkel und dem momentanen Trailerwinkel ergebendenBahn des Gespanns durch die Eingabe bedarfsgerecht anpassbar. Diesvereinfacht die Eingabe durch eine bereits vorgegebene, eingeblendete möglicheBahn. Grundsätzlich ist zusätzlich oder alternativdenkbar, dass automatisch Bahnvorschläge generiert werden,die dann mittels der Eingabe ausgewählt werden können.EspeciallyPreferably, the guidance path is based on aresulting from the current steering angle and the current trailer angleTrack of the team by entering customizable. Thissimplifies the entry by an already given, displayed possibleTrain. Basically, in addition or alternativelyconceivable that train proposals are automatically generated,which can then be selected by means of the input.
Einebesonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dassbeispielsweise auf dem Display, auf dem auch das Videobild angezeigtund die Trajektorie eingeblendet werden, Fahranweisungen fürein geführtes Rückwärtsfahren ausgegeben werden,bei deren Einhaltung das Gespann beim Rückwärtsfahrenentlang der in das Videobild eingeblendeten Trajektorie gesteuertwird.AParticularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides thatfor example, on the display on which the video image is displayedand the trajectory are displayed, driving instructions fora guided reverse drive are issuedin their compliance with the team when reversingcontrolled along the trajectory shown in the video imagebecomes.
Ebensoist denkbar, dass die Lenkung des Zugfahrzeugs für einhalbautoma tisches Rückwärtsfahren oder fürein vollautomatisches Rückwärtsfahren automatischbetätigt wird, um das Gespann beim Rückwärtsfahrenentlang der in das Videobild eingeblendeten Trajektorie zu steuern.As wellIt is conceivable that the steering of the towing vehicle for asemiautomatic reversing or fora fully automatic reversing automaticallyis pressed to the team when reversingalong the trajectory inserted in the video image.
DieErfindung ist insbesondere in Verbindung mit einer Fahrassistenzvorrichtungzur Unterstützung eines Fahrers eines Gespanns aus Zugfahrzeugmit Anhänger beim Rückwärtsfahren vorteilhaft anwendbar.Eine solche Fahrassistenzvorrichtung umfasst vorzugsweise:
Darüberhinaus sind vorzugsweise mit dem Mikroprozessor verbundene Eingabemittelzur Veränderung der Trajektorie vorgesehen.About thatIn addition, preferably, there are input means connected to the microprocessorintended to change the trajectory.
Einebesonders vorteilhafte Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßenVerfahrens ergibt sich in Verbindung mit einer Fahrassistenzvorrichtung,welche ein geführtes Rückwärtsfahrenoder ein halbautomatisches Rückwärtsfahren, oderein vollautomatisches Rückwärtsfahren eines Gespannsentlang der Trajektorie ermöglicht.Aparticularly advantageous application of the inventionMethod results in connection with a driving assistance device,which a guided reversingor semi-automatic reverse, ora fully automatic reversing of a teamalong the trajectory allows.
Einebesonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung betrifft einComputerprogrammprodukt gespeichert auf einem computerverwendbarenMedium, umfassend computerlesbare Programmmittel, welche bei Ausführungdes Computerprogrammprodukts auf einem Mikroprozessor mit zugehörigen Speichermittelnoder auf einem Computer diesen zur Durchführung eines oben beschriebenen,erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranlassen.Aparticularly advantageous embodiment of the invention relates to aComputer program product stored on a computer usableMedium comprising computer readable program means, which when executedthe computer program product on a microprocessor with associated memory meansor on a computer this to perform an above describedcause the inventive method.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungShort description of the drawing
DieErfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert.Dabei zeigen:TheInvention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.Showing:
Wege zur Ausführungder ErfindungWays to executethe invention
Einin den
Beider in das Videobild
BeimHin- und Herschalten zwischen dem Anzeigemodus und dem Automatik moduskann die Trajektorie
Zumindestim Automatikmodus können Fahranweisungen für eingeführtes Rückwärtsfahren an den Fahrerausgegeben werden, bei deren Einhaltung das Gespann beim Rückwärtsfahrenentlang der in das Videobild
Besondersbevorzugt wird die Zielführungsbahn
DerFahrer muss dann nur noch Gas geben und Bremsen, um das Gespann
Außerdemkönnen automatisch Bahnvorschläge fürdie Zielführungsbahn
Wichtigist hervorzuheben, dass die Zielführungsbahn vorzugsweisebei einem Stillstand des Gespanns durch eine Eingabe veränderbarist.ImportantIt should be emphasized that the guidance path is preferablyat a standstill of the team can be changed by an inputis.
Eineein zuvor beschriebenes Verfahren ausführende Fahrassistenzvorrichtung
DieserMikroprozessor mit zugehörigen Speichermitteln ist in einemSteuergerät
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Listeder vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisierterzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Informationdes Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschenPatent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmtkeinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This listThe documents listed by the applicant have been automatedgenerated and is solely for better informationrecorded by the reader. The list is not part of the GermanPatent or utility model application. The DPMA takes overno liability for any errors or omissions.
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| DE102009012253ADE102009012253A1 (en) | 2009-03-07 | 2009-03-07 | Method for assisting driver during reverse driving of locomotive set from drawing vehicle with trailer, involves fading trajectory in display of video image, so that locomotive set is moved along trajectory during reverse driving of set |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| DE102009012253ADE102009012253A1 (en) | 2009-03-07 | 2009-03-07 | Method for assisting driver during reverse driving of locomotive set from drawing vehicle with trailer, involves fading trajectory in display of video image, so that locomotive set is moved along trajectory during reverse driving of set |
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| DE102009012253AWithdrawnDE102009012253A1 (en) | 2009-03-07 | 2009-03-07 | Method for assisting driver during reverse driving of locomotive set from drawing vehicle with trailer, involves fading trajectory in display of video image, so that locomotive set is moved along trajectory during reverse driving of set |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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