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DE10042606A1 - Medical instrument has two interfitting cannulas with curvature altered by twisting by means of cog wheels, or drive mechanism. - Google Patents

Medical instrument has two interfitting cannulas with curvature altered by twisting by means of cog wheels, or drive mechanism.

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Publication number
DE10042606A1
DE10042606A1DE2000142606DE10042606ADE10042606A1DE 10042606 A1DE10042606 A1DE 10042606A1DE 2000142606DE2000142606DE 2000142606DE 10042606 ADE10042606 ADE 10042606ADE 10042606 A1DE10042606 A1DE 10042606A1
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cannulas
cannula
medical device
another
curvature
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German (de)
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Michael Loser
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Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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Abstract

The implement has two interlocking and curved cannulas (1,2) which can be relatively twisted so that the total curvature of the interlocked cannulas can be altered by twisting. The appliance for twisting the cannulas is in the form of at least one cog wheel (3,4) or drive mechanism (6,8). The cannulas are of a size to be used for a biopsy, invasive therapy, or endsoscope.

Description

Translated fromGerman

Die Erfindung betrifft ein medizinisches Gerät, aufweisend zwei ineinander steckbare und gebogene Kanülen.The invention relates to a medical device, comprisingtwo interlocking and curved cannulas.

Punktionen von Lebewesen, beispielsweise für eine Biopsie, eine Injektion oder eine Drainage, sind in der Medizin allge­mein üblich. Bei einer Punktion führt ein Arzt eine Hohlnadel in den Körper eines Patienten ein, um beispielsweise eine Ge­webeprobe zu entnehmen. Nachteilig bei der Punktion mit her­kömmlichen Hohlnadeln ist, dass es nicht immer ohne Weiteres möglich ist, ein Punktionsziel genau zu treffen. Es ist bei­spielsweise möglich, dass die Hohlnadel insbesondere bei ei­nem relativ weit im Inneren des Patienten liegenden Punkti­onszieles während der Punktion abdriften oder durch die At­mung des Patienten von einer gewählten Punktionsbahn abwei­chen und somit das Punktionsziel verfehlen kann. Wenn das Punktionsziel verfehlt wird, muss die Punktion wiederholt werden, was wiederum den Patienten zusätzlich belastet.Puncturing living organisms, for example for a biopsy,an injection or drainage is common in medicinemy usual. In the event of a puncture, a doctor guides a hollow needleinto a patient's body, for example, to get a Gesee web sample. A disadvantage with the punctureConventional hollow needles is that it is not always easyit is possible to hit a puncture target exactly. It is atpossible for example that the hollow needle, in particular with eggPoint relatively far inside the patienttarget during the puncture or through the atdeviate from a selected puncture pathwaychen and can therefore miss the puncture target. If thatIf the puncture target is missed, the puncture must be repeatedbecome, which in turn puts additional strain on the patient.

Die Verwendung von Endoskopen ist in der Medizin ebenfalls allgemein üblich. Endoskope werden beispielsweise verwendet, um Bilder eines Untersuchungsobjektes aus dem Inneren eines Patienten zu erhalten oder Gewebeproben aus dem Inneren eines Patienten zu entnehmen. Nachteilig an starren Endoskopen ist insbesondere die Schwierigkeit das Endoskop an schwer zugäng­lichen Untersuchungsobjekten, die beispielsweise durch Kno­chen verdeckt sind, heranzuführen.The use of endoscopes is also in medicinecommon practice. Endoscopes are used for examplefor images of an examination object from inside aGet patient or tissue samples from inside a patientRemove patients. A disadvantage of rigid endoscopesespecially the difficulty of finding the endoscope difficult to accessLichen examination objects, for example by KnoChen are covered.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist daher, ein medizinisches Gerät der oben genannten Arten derart auszubilden, dass die Voraus­setzungen dafür getroffen sind, eine Behandlung eines Patien­ten flexibler und weniger belastend durchzuführen.The object of the invention is therefore a medical devicetrain the above types so that the advanceconditions are met for treatment of a patientmore flexible and less stressful. 

Nach der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch ein medi­zinisches Gerät, aufweisend zwei ineinander steckbare und ge­bogene Kanülen, wobei die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen rela­tiv zueinander verdrehbar sind, so dass bei der Verdrehung eine Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen verän­derbar ist. Folglich kann beispielsweise bei der Verwendung der Erfindung für die Punktion bei einem Abdriften der inein­ander gesteckten Kanülen die Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen verändert und somit das Abdriften korri­giert werden.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a medicinical device, comprising two pluggable and gecurved needles, the inserted needles relativ are rotatable relative to each other, so that when twistingchange the total curvature of the inserted cannulaeis derbar. Consequently, for example, in useof the invention for the puncture when drifting into one anotherthe total curvature of the one inside the otherinserted cannula changed and thus the drift corribe greeded.

Eine Variante der Erfindung sieht vor, dass bei dem medizini­schen Gerät die Kanülen derart gebogen sind, dass bei der Verdrehung die Kanülen derart relativ zueinander ausrichtbar sind, dass die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen keine Gesamt­krümmung aufweisen. Somit kann die Erfindung beispielsweise bei der Verwendung zur Punktion auch gerade Punktionsbahnen durchdringen.A variant of the invention provides that in the medicaldevice, the cannulas are bent in such a way thatTwist the cannulas can be aligned relative to one another in this wayare that the nested cannulas are not a totalhave curvature. Thus, for example, the inventionwhen used for puncture also straight puncture lanespenetrate.

Wenn nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung das medizini­sche Gerät eine Einrichtung zum Verdrehen der Kanülen relativ zueinander aufweist, kann die Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen einfacher verändert werden.If according to one embodiment of the invention the medicinalcal device a device for rotating the cannulas relativeto each other, the total curvature of one anotherinserted needles can be changed more easily.

Eine weitere Variante der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Ein­richtung zur Verdrehung wenigstens ein Zahnrad aufweist.Another variant of the invention provides that the oneDirection for rotation has at least one gear.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Kanülen mittels wenigstens eines Antriebes verdrehbar sind. Dadurch ist eine besonders feinfühlige Einstellung der Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen erreichbar.Another embodiment of the invention provides thatthe cannulas can be rotated by means of at least one driveare. This is a particularly sensitive setting of theTotal curvature of the inserted cannulas can be reached.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Verdrehung mittels eines Roboters steuerbar ist. Dadurch kann eine Behandlung mit der Erfindung automatisiert werden.Another embodiment of the invention provides thatthe rotation can be controlled by a robot. TherebyTreatment with the invention can be automated. 

Weitere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sehen vor, dass die Kanülen derart dimensioniert sind, dass das medizinische Ge­rät für eine Biopsie oder für eine minimal invasive Therapie verwendbar ist.Further embodiments of the invention provide that theCannulas are dimensioned such that the medical Geadvises for a biopsy or for minimally invasive therapyis usable.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Kanülen derart dimensioniert sind, dass das medizinische Gerät für ein Endoskop verwendbar ist. Aufgrund der veränder­baren Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen kann solch ein Endoskop vielseitiger als ein starres Endoskop ein­gesetzt werden.Another embodiment of the invention provides thatthe cannulas are dimensioned such that the medicalDevice can be used for an endoscope. Because of the changetotal curvature of the inserted cannulaesuch an endoscope is more versatile than a rigid endoscopebe set.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den beigelegten schematischen Zeichnungen dargestellt. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention are in the accompanyingshown schematic drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1 in teilweise geschnittener Darstellung eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen medizini­schen Gerätes,Fig. 1 in partial cross section a side view of the invention's Medical Intern device,

Fig. 2 und 3 Schaubilder zur Verdeutlichung der Funktions­weise des erfindungsgemäßen medizinischen Gerä­tes,Fig. 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the function example of the medical Gerä invention tes,

Fig. 4 ein erfindungsgemäßes medizinisches Gerät, wel­ches an einem Roboter angeordnet ist, undFig. 4 shows an inventive medical device, which is arranged on a robot, and

Fig. 5 in teilweise geschnittener Darstellung ein En­doskop.Fig. 5 shows a partially sectioned En doskop.

Das in derFig. 1 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße medizinische Gerät MG umfasst zwei ineinander steckbare, gebogene und hohlzylinderförmige Kanülen1,2. Im Falle des vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispieles ist die Kanüle2, deren äußerer Durch­messer wenig kleiner als der innere Durchmesser der Kanüle1 ist, in die Kanüle1 gesteckt.The medical device MG according to the invention shown inFIG. 1 comprises two mutually pluggable, curved and hollow cylindrical cannulas1 ,2 . In the case of the present exemplary embodiment, the cannula2 , whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cannula1, is inserted into the cannula1 .

Im Falle des vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispieles ist an einem Ende der Kanüle1 ein Zahnrad3 und an der Kanüle2 ein Zahn­rad4 angeordnet. Ferner ist das Zahnrad3 derart mit einer Welle5 eines Elektromotors6, das Zahnrad4 derart mit einer Welle7 eines Elektromotors8 und die Zahnräder3 und9 der­art miteinander verbunden, dass die Kanülen1 und2 mittels der Elektromotoren6 und8 relativ zueinander verdreht werden können. Es ist aber auch eine Ausführungsform ohne Elektromo­toren möglich, bei der die Kanülen1,2 per Hand, beispiels­weise mittels der Zahnräder4,5, verdreht werden können. Es sind aber auch Ausführungsformen ohne Zahnräder3,4 denkbar. Andere Antriebe als Elektromotoren6,8, wie beispielsweise hydraulische Antriebe, sind auch möglich.In the case of the present exemplary embodiment, a toothed wheel3 and a toothed wheel4 are arranged on the cannula2 at one end of the cannula1 . Furthermore, the gear3 is connected to a shaft5 of an electric motor6 , the gear4 is connected to a shaft7 of an electric motor8, and the gears3 and9 are connected to one another such that the cannulas1 and2 are relative to one another by means of the electric motors6 and8 can be twisted. But it is also an embodiment without electromotors possible, in which the cannulas1 ,2 can be rotated by hand, for example by means of the gears4 ,5 . However, embodiments without gears3 ,4 are also conceivable. Drives other than electric motors6 ,8 , such as hydraulic drives, are also possible.

Im Falle des vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispieles sind die Elektromotoren6 und8 mit einem Schutzgehäuse9 umgeben und an dem Schutzgehäuse9 mit nicht dargestellten Haltern ange­ordnet und können mittels in derFig. 1 nicht dargestellte Bedienelemente gesteuert werden. Das Schutzgehäuse9 kann beispielsweise auch als Griff zur besseren Handhabung des me­dizinischen Gerätes MG verwendet werden.In the case of the present exemplary embodiment, the electric motors6 and8 are surrounded by a protective housing9 and are arranged on the protective housing9 with holders (not shown) and can be controlled by means of control elements (not shown inFIG. 1). The protective housing9 can, for example, also be used as a handle for better handling of the medical device MG.

Die Kanülen1,2 sind im Falle des vorliegenden Ausführungs­beispieles derart gebogen, dass bei einer geeigneten Verdre­hung der Kanülen1,2 relativ zueinander die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 keine Gesamtkrümmung aufweisen (dies ist inFig. 1 strichliert dargestellt). Bei einer Verdrehung der Kanülen1,2 relativ zueinander kann außerdem die Gesamt­krümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 verändert werden. Die Richtung der Gesamtkrümmung ist ebenfalls beein­flussbar. Es sind aber auch Ausführungsformen denkbar, bei der die Kanülen1,2 derart gebogen sind, dass bei jeder Ver­drehung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 eine Gesamtkrümmung aufweisen.The cannulas1 ,2 are bent in the case of the present embodiment, for example, such that when the cannulas1 ,2 are suitably rotated relative to one another, the cannulas1 ,2 inserted one into the other have no overall curvature (this is shown in dashed lines inFIG. 1). When the cannulas1 ,2 are rotated relative to one another, the total curvature of the cannulas1 ,2 inserted into one another can also be changed. The direction of the total curvature can also be influenced. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which the cannulas1 ,2 are bent such that with each rotation of the nested cannulas1 ,2 the nested cannulas1 ,2 have an overall curvature.

Das in derFig. 1 gezeigte erfindungsgemäße Gerät MG kann bei geeignet dimensionierten Kanülen1,2 beispielsweise für eine Biopsie oder für eine minimal invasive Therapie, beispiels­weise für eine Drainage oder eine Injektion, verwendet wer­den. Bei der Verwendung für eine Punktion kann beispielsweise die Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 beim Abdriften der Kanülen1,2 während der Punktion gezielt verändert und somit das Punktionsziel besser getroffen wer­den. Somit können Fehlversuche vermieden und zu behandelnde Patienten geschont werden. Ferner können beispielsweise durch eine gezielte Veränderung der Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 während der Punktion auch schwer zu­gängliche Punktionsziele erreicht werden, die beispielsweise durch Knochen oder sensible Strukturen, wie beispielsweise Nerven oder Blutgefäße, verdeckt sind.The device MG according to the invention shown inFIG. 1 can be used with suitably dimensioned cannulas1 ,2 , for example for a biopsy or for minimally invasive therapy, for example for drainage or injection. When used for a puncture, for example, the overall curvature of the cannulas1 ,2 inserted one into the other when the cannulas1 ,2 drift during the puncture can be specifically changed and thus the puncture target can be better met. In this way, incorrect attempts can be avoided and patients to be treated can be spared. Furthermore, for example, a targeted change in the overall curvature of the cannulas1 ,2 inserted into one another during the puncture can also achieve difficult-to-reach puncture targets that are hidden, for example, by bones or sensitive structures, such as nerves or blood vessels.

Bei einer Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen medizinischen Ge­rätes MG für eine minimal invasive Therapie erleichtert das erfindungsgemäße medizinische Gerät MG den Zugang zum Punkti­onsziel. Die eigentliche Therapie kann dann beispielsweise über Katheter oder feine Nadeln, die durch die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 geschoben werden können, erfolgen.When using the medical device MG according to the invention for minimally invasive therapy, the medical device MG according to the invention facilitates access to the targeting point. The actual therapy can then be carried out, for example, via catheters or fine needles which can be pushed through the cannulas1 ,2 inserted into one another.

DieFig. 2 und 3 zeigen Schaubilder zur Verdeutlichung der Funktionsweise des inFig. 1 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen medizinischen Gerätes MG. DieFig. 2 zeigt exemplarisch eine Krümmungslinie w1,0(x)<0 der gebogenen Kanüle1, wenn die Ka­nülen1,2 nicht ineinander gesteckt sind. Das Koordinaten­system20 ist im Falle des vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispieles derart gewählt, dass die Krümmungslinie w1,0(x) nur eine z-Komponente hat. Wird die Kanüle2 in die Kanüle2 gesteckt, wirkt auf die Kanüle1 eine von der ebenfalls gebogenen Ka­nüle2 ausgeübte Lastverteilung q1(x), die eine Biegelinie w1(x) der Kanüle1 hervorruft. Sind die Kanüle1,2 derart relativ zueinander verdreht, dass die Biegelinie w1(x) eben­falls nur eine z-Komponente hat, lässt sich die Biegelinie w1(x) approximieren als:
Figs. 2 and 3 show diagrams to illustrate the operation of the illustrated inFig. 1 MG medical device according to the invention.Fig. 2 shows an example of a line of curvature w1.0 (x) <0 of the curved cannula1 when the cannula1 ,2 are not inserted into each other. The coordinate system20 is selected in the case of the present exemplary embodiment in such a way that the line of curvature w1.0 (x) has only one z component. When the cannula2 into the cannula2 inserted, acts on the cannula1 a of the also bent Ka Nuele2 load distribution exerted q1 (x), the w a bending line1 causes (x) of the cannula.1 If the cannulas1 ,2 are rotated relative to one another in such a way that the bending line w1 (x) also has only a z component, the bending line w1 (x) can be approximated as:

wobei E1 ein materialspezifisches Elastizitätsmodul, I1 ein axiales Trägheitsmoment der Kanüle1 und f1(x) eine eine inFig. 1 nur exemplarisch dargestellte Lastverteilung q1(x) entlang der Kanüle1 umfassende Funktion sind.where E1 is a material-specific modulus of elasticity, I1 is an axial moment of inertia of the cannula1 and f1 (x) is a function comprising a load distribution q1 (x) along the cannula1 which is only shown by way of example inFIG. 1.

Der Term
The term

lässt sich zumindest näherungsweise aus der Balkenbiegungslehre ableiten.can at least be approximatedderive the beam bending gauge.

Die gebogene Kanüle2 weist auch eine Krümmungslinie w2,0(x)<0 auf, wenn die Kanülen1,2 nicht ineinander gesteckt sind und die inFig. 2 zusammen mit der inFig. 1 dargestellten Krüm­mungslinie w1,0(x) der Kanüle1 dargestellt ist. Die Kanüle2 ist derart zur Kanüle1 angeordnet, dass die Krümmungslinie w2,0(x) ebenfalls nur eine z-Komponente aufweist und die Krüm­mungslinien w1,0(x), w2,0(x) relativ zueinander auseinander laufen. Bei ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 übt die Kanüle1 ebenfalls eine in derFig. 3 nicht dargestellte Lastvertei­lung q2(x) auf die Kanüle2 aus, die eine Biegelinie w2(x) der Kanüle2 bewirkt. Die Biegelinie w2(x) lässt sich appro­ximieren als
The curved cannula2 also has a curvature line w2.0 (x) <0 if the cannulas1 ,2 are not inserted into one another and the curvature line w1.0 (inFIG. 2 together with the curvature line shown inFIG. x) the cannula1 is shown. The cannula2 is arranged in relation to the cannula1 in such a way that the line of curvature w2.0 (x) likewise has only a z component and the lines of curvature w1.0 (x), w2.0 (x) diverge relative to one another . When cannulas1 ,2 are inserted into one another, the cannula1 also exerts a load distribution q2 (x) (not shown inFIG. 3) on the cannula2 , which causes a bending line w2 (x) of the cannula2 . The bending line w2 (x) can be approved as

wobei E2 ein materialspezifisches Elastizitätsmodul, I2 ein axiales Trägheitsmoment der Kanüle2 und f2(x) eine die Last­verteilung q2(x) entlang der Kanüle2 umfassende Funktion sind.where E2 is a material-specific modulus of elasticity, I2 is an axial moment of inertia of the cannula2 and f2 (x) is a function comprising the load distribution q2 (x) along the cannula2 .

Der Term
The term

lässt sich ebenfalls zumindest näherungs­weise aus der Balkenbiegungslehre ableiten.can also be approximated at leastderive wisely from the beam bending gauge. 

Bei ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 sind die Biegelinien w1(x) und w2(x) wenigstens im Wesentlichen gleich.With cannulas1 ,2 inserted one into the other, the bending lines w1 (x) and w2 (x) are at least substantially the same.

Wenn die Kanülen1,2 derart zueinander angeordnet sind, dass bei ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 keine Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 auftritt, sind die Be­träge der Lastverteilungen q1(x) und q2(x), die durch die Flächenpressung zwischen den Kanülen1,2 hervorgerufen wer­den, gleich. Insbesondere gilt
If the cannulas1 ,2 are arranged in such a way that when cannulas1 ,2 are inserted into one another, there is no overall curvature of the cannulas1 ,2 inserted into one another, the amounts of the load distributions q1 (x) and q2 (x) are given by the surface pressure between the cannulas1 ,2 caused who the same. The following applies in particular

q1(x) = -q2(x) (3)q1 (x) = -q2 (x) (3)

Somit gilt auch
So also applies

f1(X) = -f2(x) (4)f1 (X) = -f2 (x) (4)

Wenn die ineinander gesteckten Kanüle1,2 keine Gesamtkrüm­mung aufweisen, gilt ferner
If the inserted cannula1 ,2 do not have a total curvature, the following also applies

w1(x) = w2(x) = 0 (5)
w1 (x) = w2 (x) = 0 (5)

und somit
and thus

E1I1.w1,0(x) = E2I2.w2,0(x) = E2I2.kw1,0(x) (6)E1 I1 .w1.0 (x) = E2 I2 .w2.0 (x) = E2 I2 .kw1.0 (x) (6)

Für eine einfachere Verdeutlichung der Funktionsweise der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 werden gleiche Materialien der Kanülen1,2 angenommen. Somit ist E1 = E2 = E das Elastizi­tätsmodul der Kanülen1,2. Somit folgt aus (6):
The same materials of the cannulas1 ,2 are assumed for a simpler illustration of the functioning of the cannulas1 ,2 inserted into one another. Thus E1 = E2 = E is the elasticity module of the cannulas1 ,2 . It follows from (6 ):

wobei k ein reeller Faktor ist.where k is a real factor.

Die axialen Flächenträgheitsmomente I1, I2 der hohlzylinder­förmigen Kanülen1,2 können bestimmt werden als
The axial moments of inertia I1 , I2 of the hollow cylindrical cannulas1 ,2 can be determined as

wobei D1,2 die Außendurchmesser und d1,2 die Innendurchmesser der Kanüle1 bzw. der Kanüle2 sind.where D1.2 are the outer diameter and d1.2 are the inner diameter of the cannula1 and the cannula2 , respectively.

Somit kann beispielsweise durch geeignet gebogene Kanülen1,2, (7) erfüllt und bei einer geeigneten Verdrehung der inein­ander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 relativ zueinander erreicht werden, dass die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 keine Ge­samtkrümmung aufweisen.Thus, for example, by means of suitably curved cannulas1 ,2 , (7 ), and with a suitable rotation of the cannulas1 ,2 inserted one into the other relative to one another, it can be achieved that the cannulas1 ,2 inserted into one another have no overall curvature.

Bei einer Verdrehung der Kanülen1,2 relativ zueinander kann ferner die Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 verändert werden.When the cannulas1 ,2 are rotated relative to one another, the overall curvature of the cannulas1 ,2 inserted into one another can also be changed.

Bei unterschiedlichen Elastizitätsmodulen E1, E2 der Kanülen1,2 können ebenfalls die Kanülen1,2 geeignet gebogen und deren axiale Flächenträgheitsmomente I1, I2 derart gewählt werden, dass bei einer geeigneten Verdrehung der ineinander gesteckten Kanüle1,2 relativ zueinander erreicht wird, dass die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen1,2 keine Gesamtkrümmung aufweisen.In different elastic moduli E1, E2 of the needles1,2 may also be the needles1,2 suitably bent and the axial surface moment of inertia I1, I2 are selected such that achieved relatively at a suitable rotation of the nested cannula1,2 to each other becomes that the inserted cannulas1 ,2 have no overall curvature.

Das in derFig. 1 dargestellte und obenstehend beschriebene erfindungsgemäße medizinische Gerät MG kann auch mittels ei­nes in derFig. 4 teilweise schematisch dargestellten Robo­ters40 bedient werden. Dabei kann der Roboter40 mittels ei­ner inFig. 4 nicht gezeigten Regeleinrichtung und mittels eines Durchleuchtungsgerätes41, z. B. eines Röntgengerätes, mittels dessen beispielsweise eine Punktionsbahn der ineinan­der gesteckten Kanülen1,2 während der Punktion kontrolliert werden kann, die Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Ka­nülen1,2 derart verändern, dass ein vorbestimmtes Punkti­onsziel42 innerhalb eines Patienten P relativ genau getrof­fen wird. Im Falle des vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiels liegt der Patient P auf einen von inFig. 4 nicht dargestell­ten Halterungsvorrichtung getragenen Tisch T.The medical device MG according to the invention shown inFIG. 1 and described above can also be operated by means of robots40 , which is shown schematically inFIG. 4. The robot40 can by means of egg ner control device not shown inFig. 4 and by means of a fluoroscopic device41 , z. B. an X-ray device, by means of which, for example, a puncture pathway of the inserted cannulas1 ,2 can be checked during the puncture, change the overall curvature of the inserted cannulas1 ,2 such that a predetermined puncture target42 within a patient P is relatively accurate is hit. In the case of the present exemplary embodiment, the patient P lies on a table T carried by a holding device (not shown inFIG. 4).

Das in denFig. 1 bis 4 dargestellte und vorstehend beschrie­bene erfindungsgemäße Gerät MG kann, wenn die Kanülen1,2 geeignet dimensioniert sind, auch für ein Endoskop EP verwen­det werden. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel ist inFig. 5 schematisch gezeigt.The device MG according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and described above can, if the cannulas1 ,2 are suitably dimensioned, also be used for an endoscope EP. An exemplary embodiment is shown schematically inFIG. 5.

DieFig. 5 zeigt schematisch und Ausschnittsweise zwei inein­ander gesteckte und gebogene Kanülen50,51, die für ein En­doskop EP verwendet werden. Bei einer Verdrehung der Kanülen50,51 relativ zueinander lässt sich die Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen50,51 verändern.Fig. 5 shows schematically and in sections two interlocking and curved cannulas50 ,51 , which are used for an En doskop EP. When the cannulas50 ,51 are rotated relative to one another, the overall curvature of the cannulas50 ,51 inserted into one another can be changed.

Im Falle des vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispieles ist an dem Ende der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen50,51, welches bei­spielsweise für eine Behandlung eines Patienten in das Innere des Patienten eingeführt wird, ein Linsensystem52 angeord­net. Das Linsensystems52 ist mit einem im Inneren der Kanüle51 verlaufenden Glasfaserstranges53 verbunden, welcher bei­spielsweise mit einer in derFig. 5 nicht dargestellten Kop­peleinrichtung verbunden sein kann, Welche wiederum an eine ebenfalls in derFig. 5 nicht gezeigten Video-Kamera ange­schlossen sein kann. Somit können Bilder aus dem Inneren des Patienten aufgenommen werden. Für die Bildaufnahme notwendi­ges Licht kann beispielsweise mittels eines Glasfaserstranges54 von einer in derFig. 5 ebenfalls nicht gezeigten Licht­quelle an das in das Innere des Patienten geführten Ende der Kanülen50,51 transportiert werden.In the case of the present exemplary embodiment, a lens system52 is arranged at the end of the cannulas50 ,51 which are inserted into one another and which is inserted into the interior of the patient, for example for treating a patient. The lens system52 is connected to a glass fiber strand53 running inside the cannula51, which can be connected, for example, to a coupling device (not shown inFIG. 5), which in turn is connected to a video camera, also not shown inFIG. 5 can be closed. This allows images to be taken from inside the patient. For the image acquisition necessary light can be transported, for example, by means of a glass fiber strand54 from a light source also not shown inFIG. 5 to the end of the cannulas50 ,51 guided into the interior of the patient.

Ferner können im Inneren der Kanüle51 in derFig. 5 nicht, dargestellte Spül-, Absaug- oder weitere Behandlungskanäle angeordnet sein.Furthermore, irrigation, suction or further treatment channels, not shown, can be arranged in the interior of the cannula51 inFIG. 5.

Da sich die Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen50,51 verändern lässt, sind Voraussetzungen gegeben, das in derFig. 5 gezeigte und die Kanülen50,51 umfassende Endo­skop EP flexibler als ein starres, seine Krümmung unveränder­bares Endoskop einzusetzen.Since the total curvature of the cannulas50 ,51 inserted into one another can be changed, there are prerequisites for using the endoscope EP shown inFIG. 5 and the cannulas50 ,51 more flexibly than a rigid endoscope whose curvature cannot be changed.

Es sind auch andere Ausführungsformen eines Endoskops als die in derFig. 5 dargestellte möglich.Other embodiments of an endoscope than the one shown inFIG. 5 are also possible.

Die oben stehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele sind im Übrigen nur exemplarisch zu verstehen.The exemplary embodiments described above are in theTo understand the rest only as an example.

Claims (9)

Translated fromGerman
1. Medizinisches Gerät, aufweisend zwei ineinander steckbare und gebogene Kanülen (1,2,50,51), wobei die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen (1,2,50,51) relativ zueinander verdreh­bar sind, so dass bei der Verdrehung eine Gesamtkrümmung der ineinander gesteckten Kanülen (1,2,50,51) veränderbar ist.1. Medical device, comprising two interlocking and curved cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ), the intermeshing cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) being rotatable relative to one another, so that an overall curvature of the cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) inserted into one another can be changed.2. Medizinisches Gerät nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem die Kanü­len (1,2,50,51) derart gebogen sind, dass bei der Verdre­hung die Kanülen (1,2,50,51) derart relativ zueinander ausrichtbar sind, dass die ineinander gesteckten Kanülen (1,2,50,51) keine Gesamtkrümmung aufweisen.2. Medical device according to claim 1, wherein the cannula len (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) are bent such that the cannula (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) can be aligned relative to one another in such a way that the cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) inserted into each other have no overall curvature.3. Medizinisches Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, welches eine Einrichtung zum Verdrehen der Kanülen (1,2,50,51) relativ zueinander aufweist.3. Medical device according to one of claims 1 or 2, which has a device for rotating the cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) relative to each other.4. Medizinisches Gerät nach Anspruch 3, bei welchem die Ein­richtung zur Verdrehung wenigstens ein Zahnrad (3,4) auf­weist.4. Medical device according to claim 3, wherein the direction for rotation has at least one gear (3 ,4 ).5. Medizinisches Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei welchem die Kanülen (1,2,50,51) mittels wenigstens eines Antriebes (6,8) verdrehbar sind.5. Medical device according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) can be rotated by means of at least one drive (6 ,8 ).6. Medizinisches Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei welchem die Verdrehung mittels eines Roboters (40) steuerbar ist.6. Medical device according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the rotation is controllable by means of a robot (40 ).7. Medizinisches Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, des­sen Kanülen (1,2,50,51) derart dimensioniert sind, dass es für eine Biopsie verwendbar ist.7. Medical device according to one of claims 1 to 6, the sen cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) are dimensioned such that it can be used for a biopsy.8. Medizinisches Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, des­sen Kanülen (1,2,50,51) derart dimensioniert sind, das es für eine minimal invasive Therapie verwendbar ist.8. Medical device according to one of claims 1 to 6, the sen cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) are dimensioned such that it can be used for minimally invasive therapy.9. Medizinisches Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, des­sen Kanülen (1,2,50,51) derart dimensioniert sind, dass es für ein Endoskop (EP) verwendbar ist.9. Medical device according to one of claims 1 to 6, the sen cannulas (1 ,2 ,50 ,51 ) are dimensioned such that it can be used for an endoscope (EP).
DE20001426062000-08-302000-08-30Medical instrument has two interfitting cannulas with curvature altered by twisting by means of cog wheels, or drive mechanism.CeasedDE10042606A1 (en)

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