CN85108719A - The method and apparatus of mine air filtering radon daughter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the air purification method and the device that contain radioactive element, be specially adapted to uranium mine and contain under the non-uranium mine mine of radioactive element.Its employing static-filtrate combined type dust removal by filtration is removed the method for radon daughter and is designed.This device is by an electrostatic filter element and the filtering unit structure compositing air purifying device of making three different filter levels with fiber filtering.

It has volume little, in light weight, removable, can be in characteristics such as operate as normal under the high humidity environment, and efficiency of dust collection reaches 99%, removes radon daughter efficient and reaches 98%.

Description

The method and apparatus of mine air filtering radon daughter

The invention belongs to the air purification method and the device that contain radioactive element, be specially adapted to uranium mine and the non-uranium mine that contains radioactive element.

Radon daughter is found in uranium mine more, and it is constantly to fold from the crack of ore deposit rock and recovery process, because workers with long time is exposed in the radon daughter air of high concentration, a large amount of suctions can cause the damage of lung tissue, thereby the incidence of disease of lung cancer is significantly increased.China's cloud tin miners' lung cancer morbidity height, and tangible occupational characteristic arranged, generally acknowledge all in the world that at present radon daughter is a kind of carcinogen, very harmful to miner's health, purifying treatment method and the facility of solution to radon all set about developing by a lot of countries since the sixties, but do not obtain a kind of practically so far as yet, easily accept economically, the method and apparatus of the purification radon daughter of technique effect the best, be used for the air cleaning of uranium mine and non-uranium mine.

By retrieval with the prior art of consulting the interrelated data grasp:

1. the radon problem that removes of present uranium mine in the world all adopts row's radon method of ventilating, it is fundamental method that this method is got rid of stope and the airborne radon of driving face and radon daughter, but often do not reach requirement of shelter, and equipment is huge, investment is high, power consumption is big, along with the raising of level of protection and the increase of mining depth and range, the cost of the row's radon that ventilates is multiplied, and in the uranium cost of per kilogram, only the expense of ventilating just accounts for more than 5 dollars.

2. the stratum granulosum dedusting of vermiculite medium removes the radon daughter polishing filter, succeed in developing in 1972 by Canadian Denison mining industry Co., Ltd, see R.A Washington:The use of vermicntite to control dust and Radon danghteere in underground uranium mine air proceeding of 12th AECCleaning conference P355-365.It is to make the filter that the filtrate bed constitutes with the stratum granulosum of vermiculite can use in the mine under the high humidity environment, but filter efficiency is very low, removes radon daughter efficient up to 30%, and dust removal efficiency reaches 40～60% and be non-moving type, uses very inconvenient.

3. the gas particles filter is seen United States Patent (USP) (11) 4198221, the date: on April 5th, 1980.This filter is the filter plant that is used to contain radioactivity, toxic solid particle, is specially adapted to filter on nuclear facilities radioactive particulate, and it is mainly by shell, ultra-fine fibre glass filter paper, filtrate support, compositions such as blower fan.It is placed in respectively on the horizontal level of the interior middle part of housing with folding three filter elements making filtration at the same level of ultra-fine fibre glass filter paper.Thereby the filter course by three filter elements constitute is divided into two spaces up and down with space in the shell, is last chamber and following chamber, and contaminated air enters from last chamber inlet, after purifying through the ultra-fine fibre glass filter course, discharges from the import of following chamber.This filter dedusting removes radon daughter efficient up to 99%, but fatal shortcoming is to work under high humidity environment, very easily destroys because of filtering layer is subjected to humidity, so that can not use, so can not be used for air cleaning under the mine.Ultra-fine fibre glass costs an arm and a leg, and it is multiplexing to regenerate, so use cost is higher, and volume is bigger, can not move.

The present invention is a correlation technique with above-mentioned the 3rd piece of existing document.

Order of the present invention ground is to provide a kind of, and use cost is cheap, and the high-effective dust-removing of little, in light weight, the portable adaptation of volume operate as normal under high humidity environment is except that the air purification method and the device of radon daughter.

Main points of the present invention are: the principle of utilization dust control technology and clean technology, adopt the compound purifying air method of the above media filtration of single-stage electro static filtering process of cleaning and one-level, and media filtration partly adopts the three-stage filtration mode, a kind of for realizing that this method has designed by an electrostatic filter element and the more than one filter element made from fiber filtering, constitute different combined air air purifying apparatus filtering level.The electrostatic filter element of the first order of this device is the flat pre-charge utmost point of high-pressure electrostatic, and it is made up of ordinary flat type electrode and corona wire, makes particle fully charged, and the particle of the bigger set form of fine radon daughter particle coalescence one-tenth easily is captured.And the fiber filtering unit is the unit of three different filter levels, promptly two, three grades to cross the unit be the compound filter course that polyster fibre constitutes, the dust that the filtering micron is above and prevent the secondary fly-up that dust load on the filtrate comes off and causes when excessive.Fourth stage filter element is more effectively removed the radon daughter that remains a small amount of subparticle with the filter course that corrugated plating and the efficient synthetic fibers filter paper of water-resistance constitute.

The method and apparatus of the present invention because of adopting static-filtrate combined type level Four to filter, so dedusting removes radon daughter efficient height, efficiency of dust collection is 99.9%, removing radon daughter efficient is 98%, because of what adopt is the water-resistance synthetic fiber filter material, can be under the high humidity environment of mine operate as normal, and when 3～10 minutes contain air radon daughter concentration super-ego state Ministry of Public Health standard and reach 10 times, be purified to and accord with state health standards, little (1.7 * 0.88 * 1.2m of this device volume³) (400kg) in light weight noise little (outlet noise 75 decibels), ash removal method is simple, two, three, the level Four filter element all directly water wash behind the deashing multiplexing.Can not cause secondary pollution, use cost is cheap, and is easy to operate, is movable to other workplace at any time and uses, and can do local ventilation usefulness in the down-hole, replaces forced blower fan, energy savings consumption.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention

Fig. 2 is of the present invention two, three-stage filtration unit cut-away view

Fig. 3 is a fourth stage filter element cut-away view of the present invention

Further specify with an embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

With reference to Fig. 1,2,3.This device has wind collecting unit (6), (9), the electrostatic filter element of the first order (1), and it is the ordinary flat formula pre-charge utmost point and corona wire (8), Electrostatic Control case (7) constitutes.Second and third grade filter element (2), (3) are by the polyster fibre filtrate (10) of different models such as SD, DV type and wire netting (11) is folding is supported on the metal frame (12), formation two, three-stage filtration unit, fourth stage filter element (5) is by water-resistance ZD₃50 air intake passages of the folding one-tenth of the efficient synthetic fibers filter paper of type (14) and 49 air-out passages, passage central authorities folder is 2 millimeters corrugated plating (13) with the crest height of aluminum, then wind collecting unit (9) and filter element (1), (2), (3) are connected in turn the left end of the purifying box (4) that centrifugal fan is housed with bolt or hinge, the inside of purifying box (4) is carried out vibration damping and is eliminated the noise and handle, filter element (5), wind collecting unit (6) is connected to the right-hand member of purifying box (4) in turn.I.e. series connection is assembled into the purifier except that radon daughter.Be contained on the mine car, can move at any time.Use in mine laneway, drift section is 2.5 * 2.4m², this purifier is apart from 50～100 meters of tunnel working faces, is coated with face canvas wind letter air-supply with the second of 0.3 meter of diameter is rare, and wind letter outlet is in 15 meters of working faces, and after starting, air quantity reaches 4200m³/ hour, radon daughter concentration superstate standard can be dropped to and meets state health standards for nearly 10 times in 3～10 minutes.

The performance of removing the radon daughter purifier relatively sees the following form:

Claims (6)

1, a kind of air purification method and device that contains radioactive element, the air purification method of uranium mine and non-uranium mine mine particularly, it has the method for media filtration, it is characterized in that: it adopts the dedusting of single-stage electro static filtering to remove the radon daughter method of purification and the above filtrate combined filtration of one-level formula air purification method.

2,, it is characterized in that described media filtration is the three-stage filtration mode according to the described air purification method of claim 1.

3, a kind of air cleaning unit that contains radioactive element, it mainly constitutes, it is characterized in that by the folding filter element of filtrate, filtrate support, blower fan, wind collecting unit: Ta You Static electricity formula dust removal by filtration unit and more than one fiber filtering filter element constitute the combined air air purifying apparatus of different filter levels.

4,, it is characterized in that Suo Shu De Static electricity formula dust removal by filtration unit is flat pre-charge electrode structure according to the described device of claim 3.

5,, it is characterized in that described fiber filtering filter element is the unit of three different filter levels according to the described device of claim 3.

6,, it is characterized in that described media filtration unit, two unit of making for the polyster fibre filtrate, a unit of making by efficient synthetic fibers filter paper according to the described device of claim 5.

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