CN85105350A - Process for chemical degumming of hemp - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for chemical degumming of hemp is a kind of natural textile fiber to be carried out chemically treated technology.Principal character of the present invention is, utilizes the cellulose stability different with non-cellulose equal alkali, inorganic acid and oxidant in the hemp, and macromolecular compound is hydrolyzed to monomer and low molecular compound, from hemp phloem non-cellulose removed.The degummed ramie that comes unstuck and make can supply cotton spinning, wool spinning and silk spinning to carry out pure spinning and blending, in making, cotton, the fiber crops hair of low, fiber crops, fiber crops blended yarn and the pure dimity and polytype fabric thereof such as wash.The invention solves the problem that hemp is difficult to utilize the machine spinning for a long time, for new way has been opened up in the development and use of hempen resource.

Description

Process for chemical degumming of hemp

The invention belongs to the weaving natural fabric is carried out chemical treatment.

Chemical degumming of hemp and textile technology also do not have the technology (attached international information retrieval center testimonial material) of typing abroad.China people are useful to macerate hemp after the system, twists thread by hand and does the history of sole and rope.But also do not have a tame factory can use the modern production instrument so far, be engaged in the big production of hemp degumming spinning.Our factory has begun to carry out the test that chemical degumming of hemp spins in April, 1982, has obtained effect preferably.

Hemp phloem can divide cellulose and non-cellulose, cellulose is to be the required raw material of weaving, non-cellulose (comprising pectin, fat, cured matter, the hydrotrope, hemicellulose, lignin etc.) accounts for about 45% of hemp bast fiber, is the part that should remove in the weaving.Non-cellulose generally all is a macromolecular compound, and wherein major part is that polysaccharide, carbohydrate, fraction are aromatic compounds.The present invention is exactly the non-cellulose composition of taking in the method removal hemp bast fiber of chemical treatment and machinery, according to hemp element, non-cellulose equal alkali inorganic acid and oxidant different stability is arranged, macromolecular compound is hydrolyzed to monomer and low molecular compound is removed from numb skin.

One, process for chemical degumming of hemp flow process, lectotype selection and control parameter

(1) technological process

Short-staple softening → bundle handle → cut-out → dress cage → acid treatment → washing → I boiling-off → hot water boil → II boiling-off → scutching → bleaching → peracid → secondary water washing → dehydration → fluffy → dress cage → fine finishining → secondary soft water washes → dewater → fluffy → adorn cage → stain breast → fiber crops → oven dry of dewatering → tremble → → softening → health → shredding → combing.

2. wool type silk spinning fiber type removes softening and cuts off hot water and boil operations such as fine finishining and subsequent the fluffy dress cage of secondary soft water eluting water, the same short-staple of other operation.

(2) the present device type selecting is as follows:

1. acid treatment is with vertical polyethylene plastics or rustless steel container.

2. the vertical pot of CZ-50 type is selected in soda boiling for use.

3. round beater is selected in scutching for use.

4. bleaching pickling rinsing machine selects for use ramie now to use equipment.

5. refining adds breast pot and selects vertical normal pressure opening saucepan for use.

6. NaOH make-up tank and sulfuric acid tank are selected for use in stainless steel or the carbon steel and are resinized.

7. dryer selects for use typing BO61 to dry by the fire hot-tempered machine.

8. softening is selected ramie CZ141 softener for use.

9. CY182 jute carding machine is selected in shredding for use.

10. the CZ191 eckling machine is selected in the combing slivering for use.

Basic variation has taken place in the manual processing method of twisting thread of the present invention and original hemp, has opened up and has used modern textile technology, spins the new approach of big ramie product.Textiless such as various coats, shirt, fancy suiting and numb silk fabric such as the degummed ramie after coming unstuck, successful examination have weaved that numb cotton, fiber crops are washed, pure fiber crops, flax silk interweave, numb wool blend.This new technology for degumming has solved the problem that hemp can not be spinned for a long time at present.

Two, execute example

This example is with the wool type fiber explanation of coming unstuck.

(1) technological process is as follows:

Softening → bundle handle → dress cage → acid treatment → washing → I boils → and II boils → scutching → bleaching → peracid → washing → dehydration → fluffy → dress cage → stain breast → fiber crops → oven dry of dewatering → tremble → soft comb of opening

(2) step of coming unstuck

1. with Tai'an secondary hemp soft rolling one time on CO11 type softener, be bundled into the bundle of 0.4-0.6 kilogram, in the numb cage of packing into, every cage can be adorned 300-500kg and not wait, it is 1.5g/L that numb cage is hung in sulfuric acid concentration, and bath raio is 1: 14-1: in 10 the acid solution pot, and 30 ℃～50 ℃ of temperature.Keep carrying out after 2 hours the water circulation flushing, make its PH reach 7.

2. adding concentration in CZ-50 type digester is the reuse alkali lye of 4-7g/L, and the hemp after the flushing is hung in the pot, feeds steam heated, reaches 2.5kg/cm up to pressure², keep reducing pressure after 3 hours and use hot water injection's half an hour.Again adding NaOH concentration then is that 8-12 accounts for the sodium phosphate trimer of numb weight 3% and 6% water glass solution, and the heating boiling-off keeps 2-3kg/cm²Pressure hung out scutching after 3 hours.

3. the flushing of the hemp limit after will boiling on the beater, flog 5-6 time repeatedly on the limit.Send into then and float the pickling combination machine and bleach peracid and washing.This bleaching liquor effective chlorine density is controlled at 1-2g/L.Acid strength is controlled at 0.5-2g/L, and the time was controlled in 10-25 minute, and the flax fibre PH after the washing reaches 6-7.

4. dewater after the washing, make its moisture content be lower than 55%, and carry out the numb cage of packing into after fluffy, hang in the stain breast pot softening (described in its technological parameter such as the specification).

5. the degummed ramie behind the stain breast makes its moisture content be lower than 55% after dewatering, and dries on the BO61 drying machine after shaking up, and makes degummed ramie.

Degummed ramie through CZ141 is soft roll processing after, heap was gone into numb storehouse health after 5-7 days, made numb cake on the CY182 eckling machine, can obtain length 50-80mm, public of fineness 1800-2000, powerful 10-16 gram, soft wool type hemp.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of process for chemical degumming of hemp, it adopts acid, alkali, oxidant chemical treatment and mechanical means, and the non-cellulose composition in the hemp phloem is removed, and makes the textile raw material degummed ramie.

It is characterized in that selecting for use following technological process:

Classification softening → bundle handle → dress cage → acid treatment → washing → I boiling-off → hot water boils → and II boiling-off → scutching → bleaching → peracid → secondary water washing → dehydration → fluffy → dress cage → fine finishining → secondary soft water washes → dewater → fluffy → adorn cage → add the breast → fiber crops → oven dry → choosing of dewatering → tremble to choose → softening → health → shredding → combing.

2, according to the described process for chemical degumming of hemp of claim 1, it is characterized in that acid is given handling to have adopted following technological parameter: sulfuric acid concentration 0.5～2g/L, temperature is 30 °～50 ℃, 1～2 hour processing time, bath raio 1: 16～1: 10.

3,, it is characterized in that 1 boils and adopted following technological parameter, Na OH concentration 4～8g/L, pressure 2～3kg/cm according to the described degumming tech of claim 1², digestion time 1～3 hour, bath raio 1: 16～1: 10; Two boil that to add Na OH amount be 8～14g/L, add sodium phosphate trimer 1.5～3%, add waterglass 4～6%, and cooking pressure is 2～3kg/cm², the time is 1～3 hour, bath raio is 1: 16～1: 10.

4,, it is characterized in that floating pickling and adopt following technological parameter according to the described degumming tech of claim 1: bleaching liquor effective chlorine density 1～2g/L, sulfuric acid concentration 0.5～2g/L time is 10～25 minutes, the washing pH value is 6～7.

5, according to the described degumming tech of claim 1, it is as follows to it is characterized in that steeping newborn technological parameter, soda ash consumption 0.5～2%, and adding the soap amount is 0.5～1.5%, rapeseed oil consumption 1～2.5%, temperature is 80 °～100 ℃, 3～5 hours time.