CN2930056Y - UPS battery automatic maintenance device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a UPS accumulator automatic maintenance device which comprises a singlechip, a singlechip power supply, an accumulator optimal discharging standard sampling unit, an alternating current power off and open-phase automatic estimation protective unit, an alternating current automatic switch unit and an accumulator optimal maintenance time unit. The accumulator optimal discharging standard sampling unit is connected with the accumulator with the output end connected with the singlechip. The singlechip power supply is connected with the singlechip. The alternating current power off and open-phase automatic estimation protective unit is connected with the commercial power with the output end connected with the gear end of the accumulator. The alternating current automatic switch unit is controlled by the singlechip with the output end connected with the gear end of the accumulator. The accumulator optimal discharging standard sampling unit is connected with the singlechip. The UPS accumulator automatic maintenance device has the advantages of automatic adaptation to the voltage of the power supply, automatic maintenance according to the given cycle; power off and on protection and battery discharging termination voltage protection.

Description

Translated fromChinese

UPS蓄电池自动维护装置UPS battery automatic maintenance device

技术领域technical field

本实用新型属于电子电路技术，涉及一种UPS蓄电池自动维护装置。The utility model belongs to the electronic circuit technology and relates to an automatic maintenance device for UPS storage batteries.

背景技术Background technique

随着IT技术的迅速发展，UPS(不间断电源系统)广泛应用于信息与电子处理的领域，其能够使外部供电系统出现故障或中断时，保证系统的正常工作和安全退出(如计算机的存盘、关机等)。UPS电源系统一般由整流器、逆变器和蓄电池等三部分组成。目前在中小型UPS电源中被广泛使用的是免维护的密封铅酸蓄电池，它一般占UPS电源总成本的1/3-2/5。由于蓄电池的故障而引起的UPS电源不能正常工作的比例大约占1/3以上。对于长延时的UPS电源蓄电池的成本有时远远超过UPS电源主机的成本。在正常使用的情况下蓄电池的使用寿命一般可达3-5年，对于长期搁置不用的蓄电池，必须每隔一定时间重新充电放电一次以达到激活电池的目的。对于很少发生停电的UPS电源，也必须每隔一定周期人为地中断交流市电的输入，以使UPS电源中的蓄电池放电一次然后再加市电重新充电，这样有利于延长蓄电池的使用寿命，并保证蓄电池的可供实际使用的总容量总是处于非常接近于蓄电池的标称容量。另外，当停电时，现有的UPS系统将由蓄电池逆变输出，而只要一来电将马上转为市电供电，并为蓄电池补充充电。蓄电池具有一定的记忆效应，如果每次放电都不充分，那样它的可供使用的放电容量将逐渐减少，从而导致停电时不能进行有效的输出。由此看来经常性地维护保养，即按时对其进行充、放电是何等的重要。如果蓄电池组长期的只充电而不放电，或每次都不充分地放电到规定值(公共电网供电正常或短时间的停切电)，时间一长，将因蓄电池的极板发生质变(充不进或放不出电)而报废，从而缩短整个UPS系统的使用寿命。UPS系统中蓄电池的维护周期较长(一般是3到7个月之间)，人工维护费时费力，也是不现实的。因此，急需一种能够自动对蓄电池进行维护的系统，以改变UPS系统中蓄电池过早报废的现状。国外某些高端产品中，已经具备了电池的在线监测和简单的程序维护功能，但因其功能较单一，且成本较高，而没有被普遍采用。而在中低端产品中大都没有自动维护功能；国内的UPS产业中以中小企业为主，其经济实力和技术创新能力都非常有限，生产的产品基本上没有蓄电池维护功能，也未发现市场上有专门的自动维护器出售。With the rapid development of IT technology, UPS (uninterruptible power supply system) is widely used in the field of information and electronic processing, which can ensure the normal operation and safe exit of the system when the external power supply system fails or is interrupted (such as computer storage , shutdown, etc.). UPS power system generally consists of three parts: rectifier, inverter and battery. At present, maintenance-free sealed lead-acid batteries are widely used in small and medium-sized UPS power supplies, which generally account for 1/3-2/5 of the total cost of UPS power supplies. The proportion of UPS power supply not working normally due to battery failure accounts for more than 1/3. The cost of the long-time UPS power storage battery sometimes far exceeds the cost of the UPS power host. Under normal use, the service life of the battery can generally reach 3-5 years. For batteries that have been left unused for a long time, they must be recharged and discharged once at regular intervals to achieve the purpose of activating the battery. For the UPS power supply that rarely occurs power outages, the input of AC mains power must also be artificially interrupted every certain period, so that the battery in the UPS power supply is discharged once and then recharged by the mains power supply, which is beneficial to prolong the service life of the battery. And ensure that the total capacity available for actual use of the battery is always very close to the nominal capacity of the battery. In addition, when there is a power outage, the existing UPS system will invert the output from the battery, and as soon as the power comes in, it will immediately switch to the mains power supply and recharge the battery. The storage battery has a certain memory effect. If it is not fully discharged each time, its available discharge capacity will gradually decrease, resulting in the inability to perform effective output during a power failure. From this point of view, how important it is to maintain it regularly, that is, to charge and discharge it on time. If the battery pack is only charged without discharging for a long time, or is not fully discharged to the specified value each time (the public grid power supply is normal or the power is cut off for a short time), over time, the qualitative change of the battery plate will occur (charging Not entering or discharging electricity) and scrapped, thereby shortening the service life of the entire UPS system. The battery maintenance period in the UPS system is long (usually between 3 and 7 months), and manual maintenance is time-consuming and laborious, which is also unrealistic. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that can automatically maintain the storage battery, so as to change the status quo of premature failure of the storage battery in the UPS system. Some foreign high-end products already have battery on-line monitoring and simple program maintenance functions, but because of their single functions and high cost, they have not been widely used. Most of the low-end and middle-end products do not have automatic maintenance functions; the domestic UPS industry is dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises, whose economic strength and technological innovation capabilities are very limited. There are special automatic maintainers for sale.

实用新型内容Utility model content

本实用新型的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种UPS蓄电池自动维护装置，该装置能够显著解决UPS蓄电池的维护困难问题，防止蓄电池的过早失效和提高其可靠性，从而能够延长UPS蓄电池的使用寿命。The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an automatic maintenance device for UPS storage batteries. battery life.

本实用新型的UPS蓄电池自动维护装置包括：单片机、单片机电源、蓄电池最佳放电标准采样单元、交流电停电断相自动判断保护单元、交流电自动切换单元和蓄电池最佳维护时间单元。所述的蓄电池最佳放电标准采样单元的输入端与蓄电池的正负极相接，输出端连接单片机；所述的单片机电源的输入端与蓄电池的正负极相接，输出端连接单片机以提供电源；所述的交流电停电断相自动判断保护单元受单片机的控制，其输入端连接有市电，输出端连接蓄电池的机头的一输入极；所述的交流电自动切换单元受单片机的控制，其输出端连接蓄电池机头的另一输入极；所述的蓄电池最佳维护时间单元与单片机相连接。The UPS storage battery automatic maintenance device of the utility model includes: a single-chip microcomputer, a single-chip microcomputer power supply, a storage battery optimal discharge standard sampling unit, an AC power outage phase-off automatic judgment protection unit, an AC automatic switching unit and a storage battery optimal maintenance time unit. The input terminal of the battery optimal discharge standard sampling unit is connected with the positive and negative poles of the storage battery, and the output terminal is connected with the single-chip microcomputer; the input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer power supply is connected with the positive and negative poles of the storage battery, and the output terminal is connected with the single-chip microcomputer to provide Power supply; the automatic judgment and protection unit for AC power outage and phase failure is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer, and its input end is connected to the mains, and the output end is connected to an input pole of the machine head of the storage battery; the described alternating current automatic switching unit is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer, Its output terminal is connected with the other input pole of the battery head; the battery optimal maintenance time unit is connected with a single-chip microcomputer.

这里，所述的单片机内植有蓄电池自动维护的智能程序，其控制UPS蓄电池充分放电之后再进行充电。Here, the single-chip microcomputer is embedded with an intelligent program for battery automatic maintenance, which controls the UPS battery to be fully discharged before charging.

所述的蓄电池最佳放电标准采样单元由分压电路、稳态电路和比较电路组成，其中，分压电路将蓄电池的容量电压值进行分压，稳态电路设定蓄电池的最佳放电标准稳态值，比较电路将蓄电池的容量电压值与蓄电池的最佳放电标准稳态值进行比较，如果蓄电池的实时状态的容量电压值小于或等于蓄电池的最佳放电标准稳压值，则将代表“是”的逻辑信号输送给单片机；如果蓄电池的实时状态的容量电压值大于蓄电池的最佳放电标准稳压值，则将代表“否”的逻辑信号输送给单片机。The battery optimal discharge standard sampling unit is composed of a voltage divider circuit, a steady-state circuit and a comparison circuit, wherein the voltage divider circuit divides the capacity voltage value of the battery, and the steady-state circuit sets the best discharge standard of the battery to stabilize state value, the comparison circuit compares the capacity voltage value of the battery with the best discharge standard steady state value of the battery, if the capacity voltage value of the real-time state of the battery is less than or equal to the best discharge standard steady voltage value of the battery, it will represent " The logic signal of "Yes" is sent to the single-chip microcomputer; if the capacity voltage value of the real-time state of the battery is greater than the optimal discharge standard voltage regulation value of the battery, the logic signal representing "No" is sent to the single-chip microcomputer.

所述的交流电停电断相自动判断保护单元由整流电路和控制电路组成，对输入的市电进行整流，并且判断当出现停电情形时，由控制电路输送逻辑信号到单片机。The AC power outage automatic judgment protection unit is composed of a rectifier circuit and a control circuit, which rectifies the input commercial power, and judges that when a power outage occurs, the control circuit sends a logic signal to the single-chip microcomputer.

所述的交流电自动切换单元由整流电路和控制电路组成，其控制蓄电池机头的输入极的关闭与断开状态，当接收到单片机控制输送的外接市电的停电信号后，使蓄电池机头的输入极保持断开状态，以使UPS蓄电池继续放电直至蓄电池最佳放电标准采样单元采样到蓄电池的实时状态的容量电压值等于蓄电池的最佳放电标准稳压值的时候，单片机发出控制信号输送到交流电自动切换单元，该单元的控制电路使蓄电池机头的输入极关闭，以对UPS蓄电池进行充电。The AC automatic switching unit is composed of a rectifier circuit and a control circuit, which controls the closing and disconnection of the input pole of the battery head, and after receiving the power failure signal of the external mains power delivered by the single-chip microcomputer control, the battery head is turned on and off. The input pole remains disconnected, so that the UPS battery continues to discharge until the best discharge standard sampling unit of the battery samples the capacity voltage value of the real-time state of the battery equal to the best discharge standard regulated voltage value of the battery, and the microcontroller sends a control signal to the AC automatic switching unit, the control circuit of this unit closes the input pole of the battery head to charge the UPS battery.

所述的蓄电池最佳维护时间单元采用数码显示电路，其设定UPS蓄电池自行维护的周期，当到达维护时刻，单片机将控制交流电自动切换单元使蓄电池电源机头的输入极强行断开以进行完全放电，直至蓄电池最佳放电标准采样单元采样到蓄电池的实时状态的容量电压值等于蓄电池的最佳放电标准稳压值的时候，再对UPS蓄电池系统重新充电。The battery optimal maintenance time unit adopts a digital display circuit, which sets the self-maintenance cycle of the UPS battery. When the maintenance time is reached, the single-chip microcomputer will control the AC automatic switching unit to forcibly disconnect the input pole of the battery power supply head to perform maintenance. Fully discharge until the best discharge standard sampling unit of the battery samples the capacity voltage value of the real-time state of the battery equal to the best discharge standard regulated voltage value of the battery, and then recharge the UPS battery system.

本实用新型的UPS蓄电池自动维护装置具有以下优点：1.自动适应电池电压，系统由于采用了大范围稳压技术，可以自动适应24V到96V之间的各型号蓄电池组。用户使用时只需将系统与蓄电池连接，系统可以自动变换出稳定的直流电供各部件使用，不会出现电压过低无法启动或电压过高烧毁器件的情况；2.设定周期自动维护，系统启动后，用户根据电池容量和供电情况，可以自行设定对蓄电池进行维护的周期，时间在1～6个月之间。到达维护时间时系统自动启动维护程序，对蓄电池进行一次完整的充放电，充分激活电池；3.断电来电保护，在遇外部市电停电时，UPS电源由蓄电池供电，经逆变后向负载提供交流220V。在蓄电池供电过程中，若市电恢复供电，在维护系统的控制下，逆变过程不会马上终止，而是要等到蓄电池完成一次完整的放电周期后，才会转入正常的市电供电；4.电池放电终止电压保护，当蓄电池放电到一定深度时，维护系统能够检测蓄电池状态，自动转入充电程序，有效地防止由于过度放电引起的蓄电池极板损坏。The UPS storage battery automatic maintenance device of the utility model has the following advantages: 1. Automatically adapt to the battery voltage, the system can automatically adapt to various types of storage battery packs between 24V and 96V due to the adoption of a wide range of voltage stabilization technology. When users use it, they only need to connect the system to the battery, and the system can automatically convert stable DC power for each component, and there will be no situations where the voltage is too low to start or the voltage is too high to burn out the device; 2. Set the period for automatic maintenance, the system After starting, the user can set the battery maintenance cycle according to the battery capacity and power supply situation, and the time is between 1 and 6 months. When the maintenance time is reached, the system will automatically start the maintenance program to fully charge and discharge the battery to fully activate the battery; 3. Power failure protection. When the external mains power fails, the UPS power supply is powered by the battery, and the load is supplied to the load after inverter. Provide AC 220V. During the battery power supply process, if the mains power supply is restored, under the control of the maintenance system, the inverter process will not be terminated immediately, but will not be transferred to the normal mains power supply until the battery completes a complete discharge cycle; 4. Battery discharge termination voltage protection. When the battery discharges to a certain depth, the maintenance system can detect the battery status and automatically switch to the charging program, effectively preventing battery plate damage caused by excessive discharge.

附图说明Description of drawings

下面参照附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型的UPS蓄电池自动维护装置作进一步详细地说明。The UPS storage battery automatic maintenance device of the present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

图1是本实用新型的原理结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural representation of the utility model;

图2是本实用新型的交流电自动切换单元的一实施例电路图；Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the AC automatic switching unit of the present utility model;

图3是本实用新型的交流电停电断相自动判断保护单元的一实施例电路图。Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the automatic judgment protection unit for alternating current power failure and phase failure of the utility model.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

图1所示的本实用新型的UPS蓄电池自动维护装置包括：单片机、单片机电源、蓄电池最佳放电标准采样单元、交流电停电断相自动判断保护单元、交流电自动切换单元和蓄电池最佳维护时间单元。所述的蓄电池最佳放电标准采样单元的输入端与蓄电池的正负极相接，输出端连接单片机；所述的单片机电源的输入端与蓄电池的正负极相接，输出端连接单片机以提供电源；所述的交流电停电断相自动判断保护单元受单片机的控制，其输入端连接有市电，输出端连接蓄电池的机头的一输入极；所述的交流电自动切换单元受单片机的控制，其输出端连接蓄电池机头的另一输入极；所述的蓄电池最佳维护时间单元与单片机相连接。The UPS storage battery automatic maintenance device of the present utility model shown in Fig. 1 includes: single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer power supply, storage battery optimal discharge standard sampling unit, AC power outage phase failure automatic judgment protection unit, AC automatic switching unit and storage battery optimal maintenance time unit. The input terminal of the battery optimal discharge standard sampling unit is connected with the positive and negative poles of the storage battery, and the output terminal is connected with the single-chip microcomputer; the input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer power supply is connected with the positive and negative poles of the storage battery, and the output terminal is connected with the single-chip microcomputer to provide Power supply; the automatic judgment and protection unit for AC power outage and phase failure is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer, and its input end is connected to the mains, and the output end is connected to an input pole of the machine head of the storage battery; the described alternating current automatic switching unit is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer, Its output terminal is connected with the other input pole of the battery head; the battery optimal maintenance time unit is connected with a single-chip microcomputer.

图2示出了本实用新型的交流电自动切换单元的一实施例电路图，由图可知，光电耦合器U1、继电器J和大功率晶闸管Q3构成了控制电路，这里，光电耦合器U1的一端通过限流电阻R1与单片机相连，另一端连接继电器开关J和大功率晶闸管Q3，所述的继电器开关J与二极管D1并联后连接于三极管Q2的集电极，三极管Q2的基极通过电阻R2与单片机连接，晶闸管Q3与旁路电阻R4、电容C1并联后再连接插座CON，所述的插座CON连接机头。该单元在工作时，当接收到单片机控制输送的外接市电的停电信号后，大功率晶闸管Q3控制断开蓄电池机头的输入极，以使UPS蓄电池继续放电直至蓄电池最佳放电标准采样单元采样到蓄电池的实时状态的容量电压值等于蓄电池的最佳放电标准稳压值的时候，单片机发出控制信号使光电耦合器U1和继电器J联合动作，同时大功率晶闸管Q3控制关闭蓄电池机头的输入极，以对UPS蓄电池进行充电。Fig. 2 shows the circuit diagram of an embodiment of the AC automatic switching unit of the present utility model, as can be seen from the figure, the photocoupler U1, the relay J and the high-power thyristor Q3 constitute the control circuit, here, one end of the photocoupler U1 passes through the limiting The flow resistance R1 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end is connected to the relay switch J and the high-power thyristor Q3. The relay switch J and the diode D1 are connected in parallel to the collector of the triode Q2, and the base of the triode Q2 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the resistor R2. The thyristor Q3 is connected in parallel with the bypass resistor R4 and the capacitor C1 and then connected to the socket CON, and the socket CON is connected to the machine head. When the unit is working, after receiving the power outage signal from the external mains controlled by the single-chip computer, the high-power thyristor Q3 controls to disconnect the input pole of the battery head, so that the UPS battery continues to discharge until the battery is optimally discharged. Standard sampling unit sampling When the capacity voltage value of the real-time state of the battery is equal to the optimal discharge standard voltage regulation value of the battery, the single-chip microcomputer sends a control signal to make the photocoupler U1 and the relay J act jointly, and at the same time, the high-power thyristor Q3 controls to close the input pole of the battery head , to charge the UPS battery.

图3示出了本实用新型的交流电停电断相自动判断保护单元的一实施例电路图，由图可知，整流桥B1，旁路电容C2和限流电阻R6构成了整流电路，光电耦合器U2判断当出现停电情形时，将此逻辑信号输送到单片机。Fig. 3 has shown the circuit diagram of an embodiment of the automatic judgment protection unit of AC power outage and phase failure of the utility model, as can be seen from the figure, the rectifier bridge B1, the bypass capacitor C2 and the current limiting resistor R6 constitute the rectifier circuit, and the photocoupler U2 judges When a power failure occurs, this logic signal is sent to the microcontroller.

以上所述的仅是本实用新型的优选实施方式。应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型原理的前提下，还可以作出若干变型和改进，这些变化也应视为属于本实用新型的保护范围。What has been described above is only the preferred implementation of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these changes should also be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. UPS storage battery automatic maintaining device, it is characterized in that comprising: the best preventive maintenance time of protected location, alternating current automatic switch unit and storage battery unit is judged in single-chip microcomputer, microcontroller power supply, storage battery optimal discharge standard sample unit, the AC outage phase failure automatically, be implanted with the intelligent program that storage battery is safeguarded automatically in the described single-chip microcomputer, charge again after its control UPS storage battery fully discharges; The input of described storage battery optimal discharge standard sample unit and the both positive and negative polarity of storage battery join, and output connects single-chip microcomputer; The input of described microcontroller power supply and the both positive and negative polarity of storage battery join, and output connects single-chip microcomputer; The described AC outage phase failure judges that automatically protected location is subjected to the control of single-chip microcomputer, and its input is connected with civil power, and output connects an input utmost point of the head of storage battery; Described alternating current automatic switch unit is subjected to the control of single-chip microcomputer, and its output connects another input utmost point of storage battery head; The best preventive maintenance time of described storage battery unit is connected with single-chip microcomputer.

2. UPS storage battery automatic maintaining device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described storage battery optimal discharge standard sample unit is made up of bleeder circuit, steady-state circuit and comparison circuit, wherein, bleeder circuit carries out dividing potential drop with the capacity magnitude of voltage of storage battery, steady-state circuit is set the optimal discharge standard steady-state value of storage battery, comparison circuit compares the capacity magnitude of voltage of storage battery and the optimal discharge standard steady-state value of storage battery, and the logical signal of comparative result is transported to single-chip microcomputer.

3. UPS storage battery automatic maintaining device as claimed in claim 2; it is characterized in that: the described AC outage phase failure judges that automatically protected location is made up of rectification circuit and control circuit; civil power to input carries out rectification; and judge when the power failure situation occurring, carry logical signal to single-chip microcomputer by control circuit.

4. UPS storage battery automatic maintaining device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described alternating current automatic switch unit is made up of rectification circuit and control circuit, the closing and off-state of the input utmost point of its control storage battery head.

5. UPS storage battery automatic maintaining device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the best preventive maintenance time of described storage battery unit adopts digital display circuit, and it sets the cycle that the UPS storage battery is safeguarded voluntarily.

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