Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic exterior view of a surgical instrument according to one embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of one configuration of a support in a flexible support structure according to one embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic exterior view of a surgical instrument according to another embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a flexible support structure according to another embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the exterior configuration of a surgical instrument according to yet another embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a support structure for a flexible shaft (partially enlarged C in FIG. 6) according to yet another embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a support structure for a flexible shaft (partially enlarged A in FIG. 1) according to yet another embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a rigid portion support structure of a flexible shaft of the present utility model;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a surgical instrument according to yet another embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of part of D in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a surgical instrument according to one embodiment of the present utility model.
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a handle in a surgical instrument of the present utility model;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the positioning post of the shock absorber on the handle of a surgical instrument according to the present utility model;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a shock absorber in a surgical instrument according to the present utility model;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a slide bearing in a surgical instrument according to the present utility model;
FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of another configuration of a slide bearing in a surgical instrument according to the present utility model;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the seal within the handle of a surgical instrument according to the present utility model;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the structure of the mounting cavity in the handle of a surgical instrument according to the present utility model;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the connection of a flexible shaft to a power input shaft in a handle of a surgical instrument according to the present utility model.
In the drawing the view of the figure,
100. Surgical instruments, 110, outer tube, 1101, side hole, 1111, first bending zone, 1112, second bending zone, 1113, third bending zone, 1114, fourth bending zone, 1115, fifth bending zone, 1116, sixth bending zone, 1117, seventh bending zone, 1118, eighth bending zone, 1119, ninth bending zone, 1120, tenth bending zone, 1121, eleventh bending zone, 120, flexible shaft, 121, flexible portion, 122, rigid portion, A1, distal end, A2, proximal end, 130, tissue removal head, 131, tissue removal head mount, 132, connecting shaft, 133, sheath;
211. The device comprises a body, 212, a mounting hole, 213, a first avoidance groove, 214, a second avoidance groove, 215, a transition region, 216 and a avoidance surface;
250. Mounting an inner tube 251, a containing groove 252, a positioning protrusion 253 and a gap;
300. A handle;
310. Mounting cavities 311, annular grooves 312, first mounting grooves 313, second mounting grooves 314, steps 315, support rings 316 and friction inner sleeves;
320. The shock absorber comprises a shock absorber, 321, a mounting ring, 322, a support column, 323, a sliding bearing, C1, an inner ring, C2, an outer ring, 3231, an elastic support, 3232, a gap, 3234, an elastic ring, 3235 and a first abdication groove;
330. positioning columns, 331 and positioning holes;
340. A sealing member B1, an inner wall, B2, an outer wall, 341, a first protrusion, 342, a second protrusion;
350. Positioning bearings 351 and positioning clamp springs;
400. A transmission shaft 410, a transmission pin mounting hole 420, a transmission pin 430 and an elastic piece;
500. Motor front fork, 501, rectangular hole.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting of the utility model. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the utility model are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In view of the above, the present application provides a surgical instrument 100, as shown in fig. 1-20, comprising an outer tube 110, a flexible shaft 120, and a tissue removal head 130, the outer tube 110 having a bending region and a straight region, the flexible shaft 120 being mounted within a housing, the flexible shaft 120 having a flexible portion 121 and a rigid portion 122, the flexible portion 121 being mounted in the bending region, the rigid portion 122 being mounted in the straight region, a distal end of the flexible shaft 120 being drivingly connected to the tissue removal head 130, the surgical instrument 100 further comprising:
The support structure 200 of the flexible shaft comprises a support piece, wherein the support piece is sleeved on the periphery of the flexible part 121 and can be bent along with the flexible part 121;
Handle 300, handle 300 includes:
the mounting cavity 310 is internally provided with a power input shaft, and the proximal end of the flexible shaft 120 is in driving connection with the power input shaft;
The shock absorber 320 is arranged inside the mounting cavity 310, the shock absorber 320 comprises a mounting ring 321 and a sliding bearing 323, the mounting ring 321 and the sliding bearing 323 are sequentially arranged along the axis of the mounting cavity 310 towards the direction of the power input shaft, the mounting ring 321 and the sliding bearing 323 are sleeved on the flexible shaft 120 and are in clearance fit with the flexible shaft 120, the inner ring C1 of the sliding bearing 323 is in clearance fit with the flexible shaft 120, and the clearance between the inner ring C1 of the sliding bearing 323 and the flexible shaft 120 is smaller than the clearance between the mounting ring 321 and the flexible shaft 120.
It should be noted that the surgical instrument 100 may be any tool used in surgery to remove, remove or cut a target tissue, and may be capable of performing a grinding operation on a complex curved space surface, and in actual use, the angle and direction of the bending may be adjusted according to different requirements, so as to adapt to different cutting positions and directions of the target tissue, for example, but not limited to, a bending grinding head.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 12, the surgical instrument 100 comprises an outer tube 110, a flexible shaft 120, a tissue removal head 130 and a handle 300, the outer tube 110 is mounted on the handle 300, the outer tube 110 has a proximal end A2 and a distal end A1 according to the distance from the handle 300, the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110 is provided with the tissue removal head 130, the flexible shaft 120 is used as a driving shaft for driving the tissue removal head 130, the flexible shaft 120 is mounted inside the outer tube 110, the proximal end of the flexible shaft 120 is arranged inside the handle 300 and is connected with a driving component, and the distal end of the flexible shaft 120 is in driving connection with the tissue removal head 130 for driving the tissue removal to rotate at a high speed under the driving of the driving component; wherein the outer tube 110 has a linear region and a bending region, the bending region having at least two, denoted as a first bending region 1111, a second bending region 1112, & the N-th bending region, N being an integer greater than 2, the linear region having at least one, denoted as a first linear region, & the M-th linear region, M being an integer greater than 1, the linear region being disposed between adjacent two bending regions, the bending region near the proximal end A2 of the outer tube 110 may be at least one, the bending region near the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110 may be at least one, the bending direction of the bending region near the proximal end A2 of the outer tube 110 and the bending direction of the bending region near the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110 being opposite, e.g., the first bending region 1111 being located in the region near the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110, the first bending region 1111 and the second bending region 1112 being opposite in bending direction, respectively, the flexible shaft 120 having a flexible portion 121 and a rigid portion 122, the flexible portion 121 having at least two corresponding rigid portions 122, 122 being located in the linear region 122, it should be noted that the bending region may be disposed at a position that better avoids normal tissue to reduce secondary injury to the patient, while ensuring that the bending region is disposed at a position that avoids obscuring the better operating view of the operator, and by such arrangement, when the surgical instrument 100 is in use, the operator holds the handle 300, and in advance bends the appearance by a predetermined angle and direction, the flexible shaft 120 rotates at a high speed inside the outer tube 110 under the drive of the driving member, so as to transmit torque to drive the tissue removal head 130 to rotate to complete the excision, removal or cutting of tissue.
It can be appreciated that, due to the structure of the flexible shaft 120 itself, deformation is easy to occur, and the flexible shaft supporting structure 200 can more limit and support the flexible shaft 120, so as to overcome vibration generated during the high-speed rotation of the flexible shaft 120, where the flexible shaft supporting structure 200 may be disposed on the flexible portion 121 of the flexible shaft 120, or may be disposed on the rigid portion 122 of the flexible shaft 120, or may be disposed on both the flexible portion 121 and the rigid portion 122 of the flexible shaft 120.
In some embodiments, since the flexible portion 121 of the flexible shaft 120 needs to have bending of various angles and directions, it is more prone to shock during high-speed rotation, and thus the support structure 200 of the flexible shaft is disposed on the flexible portion 121, the support structure 200 of the flexible shaft includes a support member which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the flexible portion 121 and can be bent along with the bending of the flexible portion 121, and the support member can isolate the flexible shaft 120 from the outer tube 110 on one hand, avoid abrasion of the flexible shaft 120 and the outer tube 110 during high-speed rotation, and ensure stability and drivability of the flexible shaft 120 on the other hand.
The supporting member may be made of any material with good wear resistance and self-lubricating property, such as, but not limited to, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride or rubber. So long as reliable support of the flexible shaft 120 is ensured.
It will be further appreciated that the handle 300 is provided with a mounting cavity 310, which is mainly used to provide a space for connecting the power input shaft of the flexible shaft 120, wherein the connection between the power input shaft and the flexible shaft 120 is required to ensure that the flexible shaft 120 is reliably driven to rotate at a high speed, and on the other hand, the handle 300 is ensured to be stable in operation due to no vibration generated by disturbance of the flexible shaft 120 during rotation of the flexible shaft 120, and on the other hand, since the surgical instrument 100 is usually required to input cooling liquid, such as but not limited to physiological saline, when removing, removing or cutting target tissue, a sealing structure is usually provided at the connection between the flexible shaft 120 and the power input shaft, so that good sealing performance is ensured, and faults of the handle 300 are avoided.
As shown in FIG. 15, the arrangement of the mounting ring 321 and the support column 322 is beneficial to ensuring that the flexible shaft 120 firstly collides with the mounting ring 321 to cause disturbance when radial movement occurs, the mounting ring 321 transmits the disturbance to the support column 322, and gaps are arranged between the support columns 322 at intervals, so that the support column 322 has certain elasticity and can deform, the deformation of the support column 322 can absorb the disturbance of the flexible shaft 120, and the instability and sealing failure of the handle 300 caused by the disturbance of the flexible shaft 120 are avoided.
Further, as shown in fig. 15, the shock absorber further includes a plurality of support columns 322, the plurality of support columns 322 are located at the outer circumference of the mounting ring 321 and are spaced along the circumference of the mounting ring 321, and gaps are formed between the plurality of support columns 322;
The side of the handle 300 is also provided with a side hole which is communicated with gaps formed among the support columns 322.
The support columns 322 include at least two support columns 322, wherein the support columns 322 extend from one side end surface of the mounting ring 321 vertically towards a direction away from the end surface of the mounting ring 321, at least two support columns 322 are arranged at intervals, gaps are defined between the support columns 322, the gaps are favorable for ensuring that cooling liquid flows into a flow channel in the outer tube 110, the support columns 322 can deform to absorb disturbance of the flexible shaft 120, stability and tightness of the handle 300 are protected, and the sliding bearings 323 are favorable for further reducing disturbance of the flexible shaft 120 on the basis of the mounting ring 321 and the support columns 322, stability of the handle 300 is ensured, and meanwhile, the sliding bearings 323 can avoid reduction of service life of single parts caused by concentration of the sliding bearings 323 in one position.
The surgical instrument 100 of the present embodiment solves the problems of the prior art surgical instrument 100 in that the flexible shaft 120 is unstable and easily worn during high-speed rotation and the handle 300 has poor operational stability. The surgical instrument 100 of the embodiment of the application comprises a support structure 200 provided with a flexible shaft, wherein the support structure comprises a support piece, the support piece is sleeved on the periphery of a flexible part 121 and can bend along with the flexible part 121, a handle 300, the handle 300 comprises a mounting cavity 310, a power input shaft is arranged in the mounting cavity 310, the proximal end of the flexible shaft 120 is in driving connection with the power input shaft, a shock absorber 320 is arranged in the mounting cavity 310 and comprises a mounting ring 321 and a plurality of support columns 322, the mounting ring 321 is sleeved on the flexible shaft 120 and is in clearance fit with the flexible shaft 120, and the support columns 322 are positioned on the periphery of the mounting ring 321 and are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the mounting ring 321. The flexible part 121 of the limiting flexible shaft 120 can be reliably supported through the supporting piece, vibration caused by disturbance in the high-speed rotation process is avoided, stability of the flexible shaft 120 is improved, the mounting ring 321 and the supporting columns 322 of the shock absorber 320 can be abutted against the mounting ring 321 to cause disturbance to be transmitted to the supporting columns 322 when radial movement of the flexible shaft 120 is generated, and the supporting columns 322 arranged at intervals can effectively absorb the generated disturbance, so that stability and tightness of the handle 300 are guaranteed.
As an achievable manner, as shown in fig. 2, the support member includes a body 211, a mounting hole 212 is formed in the body 211 along a length direction, the flexible portion 121 is mounted in the mounting hole 212, a plurality of first avoiding grooves 213 are formed in an outer peripheral surface of the body 211, the plurality of first avoiding grooves 213 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the body 211, and each first avoiding groove 213 is formed circumferentially around the body 211.
The body 211 in this embodiment may be made of materials with good wear resistance and self-lubrication properties, such as polyvinyl fluoride and polyvinylidene fluoride, or may be made of elastic materials, such as rubber, etc., the mounting hole 212 is used for the flexible shaft 120 to pass through, the first avoiding groove 213 is beneficial to bending the body 211, so as to ensure that the body 211 is bent along with bending of the flexible portion 121, and no stress concentration is generated to cause breakage of the body 211, meanwhile, when the body 211 is bent, the inner side is compressed to enable the first avoiding groove 213 to avoid that the friction resistance between the inner wall of the body 211 and the flexible shaft 120 is increased due to the fact that the body 211 is excessively extruded to generate wrinkles, and further, the first avoiding groove 213 can reduce the stress of the mounting inner tube 250 during bending.
In some embodiments, the second avoidance groove 214 is formed in the body 211, the second avoidance groove 214 is located on the inner wall of the mounting hole 212, and the second avoidance groove 214 is recessed toward a direction away from the center of the mounting hole 212 and circumferentially surrounds the mounting hole 212.
In a preferred embodiment, the second escape groove 214 is located at an intermediate position in the length direction of the body 211.
In this embodiment, the second avoidance groove 214 divides the inside of the mounting hole 212 into two sections, so that the situation that the shape of the inner wall of the mounting hole 212 changes and increases the rotation friction force with the flexible shaft 120 due to stress concentration is effectively avoided, and the smoothness of the rotation of the flexible shaft 120 is ensured.
In some embodiments, a transition area 215 is disposed between the groove wall of the second avoidance groove 214 and the body 211, and the transition area 215 has a circular arc structure.
The arc transition structure in this embodiment may specifically be that a rounded transition is adopted between the notch of the second avoidance groove 214 and the body 211, and of course, the groove wall of the entire second avoidance groove 214 may be set to be an arc junction, which is favorable to the smoothness of rotation of the flexible shaft 120.
In a preferred embodiment, the groove wall of the second avoidance groove 214 is an arc surface, the arc surface protrudes toward the center line of the mounting hole 212, the groove width of the second avoidance groove 214 is gradually increased from the groove bottom of the second avoidance groove 214 to the groove opening direction of the second avoidance groove 214, and the groove wall of the second avoidance groove 214 is configured as a transition region 215.
In some embodiments, the radius of curvature of the body 211 curvature is the same as the radius of curvature of the flexible portion 121 curvature. The body 211 is curved to be circular-arc-shaped, and the curved profile is completely identical to the curved profile of the flexible portion 121, ensuring reliable rotation of the flexible shaft 120.
In some embodiments, at least one side of the outer peripheral surface of the body 211 is formed with a relief surface 216, the relief surface 216 extends from the length direction of the body 211, and the relief surface 216 is used to define a channel between the body 211 and the outer tube 110.
The passage defined between the relief surface 216 and the outer tube 110 in this embodiment is advantageous in ensuring cooling fluid communication.
For example, as shown in fig. 3, a third bending region 1113 is disposed at a distal end A1 of the outer tube 110, a fourth bending region 1114 and a fifth bending region 1115 are sequentially disposed at a side, close to a proximal end A2 of the outer tube 110, of the third bending region 1113, the fourth bending region 1114 and the fifth bending region 1115, bending directions of the third bending region 1113, the fourth bending region 1114 and the fifth bending region 1115 are the same, a flexible portion 121 of the flexible shaft 120 is correspondingly disposed at the third bending region 1113, the fourth bending region 1114 and the fifth bending region 1115, a rigid portion 122 is disposed between the flexible shaft 120 and the third bending region 1113, a rigid portion 122 is disposed between the flexible shaft 120 and the fourth bending region 1114, a distance between the fourth bending region 1114 and the fifth bending region 1115 is relatively close, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a rigid portion 122 is not disposed between the two flexible portions 121, a body 211 is directly sleeved on the flexible shaft 120, and a first groove 213 on the body 211 can enable the body 211 to deform along with bending of the outer tube 110 to complete rotation, and thus the rigid portion 122 is fixed when the body is deformed, and the rotational torque of the flexible shaft 110 is removed, and the rotational torque of the tissue is removed from the tissue 130 is driven by the rotational torque of the flexible shaft 120. The third bending area 1113, the fourth bending area 1114 and the fifth bending area 1115 are arranged in a same-direction bending mode, so that larger bending radius and angle can be obtained, normal tissues can be better avoided, secondary injury to a patient is reduced, and meanwhile better operation vision for an operator is avoided. The bending angle of third bending zone 1113 may be 0 ° -45 °, the bending angle of fourth bending zone 1114 may be 0 ° -45 °, and the bending angle of fifth bending zone 1115 may be 0 ° -45 °.
As other realizable means, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the support comprises a spiral tube 220, and the spiral tube 220 is sleeved outside the flexible portion 121.
The spiral tube 220 may be a spiral spring or a spiral metal tube, and both ends of the spiral tube 220 may be fixed to the rigid portion 122 by any means, such as, but not limited to, welding, and of course, the spiral tube 220 may be integrally formed with the rigid portion 122 by laser cutting or wire cutting.
In a preferred embodiment, the spiral tube 220 has a spiral direction opposite to the rotation direction of the flexible portion 121.
The spiral tube 220 in this embodiment can rotate synchronously with the rotation of the flexible shaft 120, which is beneficial to reducing friction generated by the relative motion of the flexible shaft 120 during rotation, and meanwhile, the spiral direction of the spiral tube 220 is opposite to the rotation direction of the flexible shaft 120, which is beneficial to being extruded during rotation to obtain good torque transmission and reduce the spiral shape during rotation, thus ensuring the stability of the transmission of the flexible shaft 120, and further, the spiral gap of the spiral tube 220 can enable cooling liquid to circulate better in the spiral tube 220 section so as to obtain better lubrication effect.
For example, as shown in fig. 6, the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110 is provided with an eighth bending region 1118, the proximal end A2 of the outer tube 110 is provided with a sixth bending region 1116 and a seventh bending region 1117, the bending directions of the eighth bending region 1118 and the sixth bending region 1116 are opposite, the bending directions of the seventh bending region 1117 and the sixth bending region 1116 are opposite, the bending directions of the eighth bending region 1118 and the seventh bending region 1117 are the same, the flexible portion 121 of the flexible shaft 120 is correspondingly located in the sixth bending region 1116, the seventh bending region 1117 and the eighth bending region 1118, the rigid portion 122 of the flexible shaft 120 is disposed in a linear region of the outer tube 110, a rigid portion 122 is disposed between the third bending region 1113 and the fourth bending region 1114, as shown in fig. 7, the flexible portion 121 is sleeved with the spiral tube 220, the spiral tube 220 can rotate synchronously along with the rotation of the flexible shaft 120, so as to facilitate reducing friction generated by the relative motion of the flexible shaft 120 during rotation, and simultaneously, the spiral direction of the spiral tube 220 is opposite to the rotation direction of the flexible shaft 120, so as to facilitate the reduction of the rotation torque due to the flexible shaft 120 during rotation, and the better transmission torque due to the extrusion, and the better transmission of the spiral shaft can be better to the spiral tube 220 can be cooled by the flexible shaft, so as to achieve better transmission and better lubrication effect, and better cooling effect of the spiral tube can be achieved by the spiral segment can be cooled by the spiral segment. The arrangement of the eighth bending area 1118 and the seventh bending area 1117 in the same direction can better avoid normal tissues, reduce secondary injury to patients, and simultaneously ensure that operators can select more comfortable operation postures for operators at more operation angles. The sixth bending region 1116 may have a bending angle of 0 ° -90 °, the seventh bending region 1117 may have a bending angle of 0 ° -90 °, and the eighth bending region 1118 may have a bending angle of 0 ° -90 °.
As another possible way, as shown in fig. 8, the support member includes a heat-shrinkable sheath 230, and the heat-shrinkable sheath 230 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the flexible portion 121 and fixed on the outer circumference of the flexible portion 121 after being shrunk by heating.
The heat-shrinkable sheath 230 may be made of materials with good wear resistance, self-lubricity and heat-shrinkability, such as polyvinyl fluoride and polyvinylidene fluoride.
The heat shrinkage sheath 230 in this embodiment can protect the flexible shaft 120 by protecting the flexible shaft 121 from abrasion, keeping lubrication, reducing friction heat and noise of the flexible shaft 120, and prolonging the service life of the flexible shaft 120, and can reduce impact, tension and compression force, alleviate impact and deformation of the flexible shaft 120 during transmission, and improve transmission efficiency and stability of the flexible shaft 120, and can guide and support the flexible shaft 120 by the heat shrinkage sheath 230, so that the flexible shaft 120 maintains a certain direction and position in a bent state.
In actual processing, each section of the rigid portion 122 of the flexible shaft 120 is set to have a length not less than 30mm, at least two ends of each flexible portion 121 are set to be at unbent straight ends with a length not less than 5mm, the heat-shrinkable sheath 230 is sleeved on the flexible portion 121, then the heat-shrinkable sheath 230 is heated to perform heat fixation, and after the heat fixation, two ends of the flexible portion 121 are inserted into the rigid portion 122 until the rigid portion 122 is just washed to be in contact with two end surfaces of the heat-shrinkable sheath 230.
In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 4-8, the support structure further includes a wear-resistant sheath 240 disposed about the periphery of the rigid portion 122, the wear-resistant sheath 240 being made of polyvinylfluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, brass, or stainless steel.
Further, in the length direction, both end surfaces 241 of the wear-resistant sheath 240 are planar and the middle is recessed inward. Specifically, the wear-resistant sheath 240 is in the form of a waist.
It will be appreciated that in actual processing, the plurality of flexible portions 121 of the flexible shaft 120 may be provided with the above-mentioned supporting members, and the wear-resistant sheath 240 is sleeved outside the rigid portion 122, so as to further improve the stability of the flexible shaft 120.
In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the support structure further includes a mounting inner tube 250, the mounting inner tube 250 being mounted within the outer tube 110, the flexible shaft 120 being mounted within the mounting inner tube 250 and forming a cavity with the mounting inner tube 250.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, a receiving groove 251 is formed in the inner portion of the inner mounting tube 250, the receiving groove 251 is recessed from the inner wall of the inner mounting tube 250 in a direction away from the center of the inner mounting tube 250, the wear-resistant sheath 240 is mounted in the receiving groove 251, a positioning protrusion 252 is formed on the side wall of the receiving groove 251 in a direction toward the inner portion of the receiving groove 251, the positioning protrusion 252 abuts against the side wall of the wear-resistant sheath 240, and a gap 253 is formed between the receiving groove 251 and the wear-resistant sheath 240.
In this embodiment, the inner tube 250 and the wear-resistant sheath 240 are installed, so that the flexible shaft 120 is further reliably supported, and the flexible shaft 120 is ensured to have good stability during high-speed rotation. And, there is a cavity between the inner tube 250 and the flexible shaft 120 for filling with cooling liquid or liquid medicine, which can be discharged and injected through the liquid inlet and outlet channel provided on the operation handle 300, the accommodating groove 251 provided on the inner tube 250, and the gap 253 formed between the upper and lower end surfaces 241 of the wear-resistant sheath 240 and the accommodating groove 251 can be used for circulating the cooling liquid and liquid medicine so as to ensure the lubrication and cooling effects thereof. The positioning protrusion 252 is formed by extruding from the outer wall of the inner mounting tube 250 towards the inside, a groove appears on the outer wall of the inner mounting tube 250, and the positioning protrusion 252 is abutted against two end surfaces of the wear-resistant sheath and is mainly used for positioning and fixing the wear-resistant sheath 240.
For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, a first bending region 1111 is disposed at a proximal end A2 of the outer tube 110, a second bending region 1112 is disposed at a distal end A1 of the outer tube 110, bending directions of the first bending region 1111 and the second bending region 1112 are opposite, an inner mounting tube 250 is mounted inside the outer tube 110, the inner mounting tube 250 is sleeved on the flexible shaft 120, a containing groove 251 is formed in an inner wall of the inner mounting tube 250, a wear-resistant sheath 240 is mounted inside the containing groove 251, the wear-resistant sheath 240 is sleeved on a rigid portion 122 of the flexible shaft 120, a gap is formed between the wear-resistant sheath 240 and the containing groove 251 for cooling liquid circulation, a heat shrinkage sheath 230 is disposed outside the flexible portion 121, wherein a bending angle of the first bending region 1111 may be 0 ° -75 °, and a bending angle of the second bending region 1112 may be 0 ° -105 °.
Further, the flexible shaft 120 may include a core including a plurality of strands that are bendable and at least one outer layer. According to some embodiments, the multiple strands of the core may include three strands. According to some embodiments, the multiple strands of the core may comprise seven strands. According to some embodiments, the multiple strands of the core may include nineteen strands. According to some embodiments, the multiple strands of the core may include more than nineteen strands. According to some embodiments, the strands of the multi-ply yarn may be braided, twisted, interlaced or coiled. Each possibility is a separate embodiment.
Further, the flexible shaft 120 is configured to have a high torsional stiffness and a low bending stiffness, potentially enabling the flexible shaft 120 to rotate at high speeds while bending, even with a small radius of curvature. Having a low bending stiffness provides a low bending related stress and better resistance to fatigue caused by high rotational speeds and/or high rotational torques. According to some embodiments, the flexible shaft 120 may be made of stainless steel wires (also referred to herein as strands) that are twisted (braided or coiled) into a rope, constituting the core. As a non-limiting example, the flexible shaft 120 may be made of seven 304V stainless steel wires (each having a diameter of, for example, 0.084 mm) twisted into a rope.
Several layers (e.g. 3 layers) may then be wound around the cord core. Each successive layer (e.g., coil) may optionally be wound in the opposite direction of the layer preceding it. As non-limiting examples, a first outer layer (the layer closest to the core) may include 5 wires (where each diameter is, for example, 0.12 mm) coiled, stranded or twisted in a first direction (e.g., clockwise), an intermediate layer may include 5 wires (where each diameter is, for example, 0.14 mm) coiled, stranded or twisted, for example, in a direction opposite the first outer layer (e.g., counter-clockwise), and a third outer layer may include 5 wires (where each diameter is, for example, 0.16 mm) coiled, stranded or twisted, for example, in a direction opposite the intermediate outer layer.
According to some embodiments, the outer diameter of the flexible shaft 120 is, for example, 0.3mm to 5mm, such as 0.5mm or 1mm or 1.5mm or 3mm.
In some embodiments, the mounting ring 321 is provided with a positioning groove, a plurality of ribs are arranged on the side wall of the positioning groove along the circumferential direction at intervals, the sliding bearing 323 is installed inside the positioning groove, and the outer ring C2 of the sliding bearing 323 is in tight fit with the ribs. This embodiment is advantageous in facilitating the mounting and fixing of the slide bearing 323.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 16, the sliding bearing 323 has an inner ring C1 and an outer ring C2, with an elastic support 3231 connected between the inner ring C1 and the outer ring C2.
Further, a gap 3232 is formed on the elastic support 3231.
The elastic support members 3231 may be a plurality of elastic members 430 installed between the inner ring C1 and the outer ring C2 at intervals, for example, the elastic support members 3231 may be N-shaped, and of course, the elastic support members 3231 may be an integral body, so long as the elastic damping can be ensured to absorb the vibration generated by the high-speed rotation of the flexible shaft 120.
It is understood that the inner ring C1 and the outer ring C2 of the sliding bearing 323 may be made of plastic with self-lubrication, stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc., and the elastic support 3231 may be made of spring steel, elastic plastic, etc.
When the flexible shaft 120 rotates at a high speed to generate disturbance, the inner ring C1 of the sliding bearing 323 generates disturbance, and absorbs the generated vibration through the elastic damping of the elastic support 3231, so as to ensure the stability of the handle 300.
In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 17, elastic rings 3234 are respectively disposed at two axial ends of the sliding bearing 323, and a plurality of first yielding grooves 3235 are formed on the elastic rings 3234 along the circumferential direction of the elastic rings 3234, and each first yielding groove 3235 extends from the edge of the elastic ring 3234 to the center of the elastic ring 3234.
Further, the first relief groove 3235 penetrates through two opposite side surfaces of the elastic ring 3234, and the extending direction of the first relief groove 3235 is inclined to be arc-shaped towards the tangential direction of the elastic ring 3234.
The arrangement of the elastic ring 3234 in this embodiment is beneficial to the elastic ring 3234 being deformed by extrusion at the position of the first yielding groove 3235 when the sliding bearing 323 is disturbed radially, so as to absorb the disturbance generated by the flexible shaft 120 and ensure the stability of the handle 300.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 14 and 19, the surgical instrument 100 further includes a positioning member, the positioning member includes a positioning post 330 and a positioning hole 331, the positioning post 330 is disposed through the handle 300, the positioning hole 331 is disposed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 310, one end of the positioning post 330 extends into a through hole in a corresponding position on the outer tube for limiting the rotation of the outer tube, and the other end of the positioning post 330 is limited in the positioning hole 330.
In actual processing, as shown in fig. 19, a side hole 1101 is formed in the side of the handle 300, and the side hole 1101 communicates with the mounting cavity 310 for flowing the cooling liquid into or out of the flow channel in the outer tube 110, so that the cooling liquid can be ensured to flow from the side hole 1101 through the gap of the support column 322.
As an achievable way, as shown in fig. 13 and 18 and fig. 20, the handle 300 further comprises a sealing member 340, the sealing member 340 has an inner wall B1 and an outer wall B2, the inner wall B1 is provided with a plurality of first protrusions 341 in a spacing ring, the flexible shaft 120 passes through the inner wall B1 and the flexible shaft 120 is in interference fit with the plurality of first protrusions 341, the outer wall B2 is provided with a plurality of second protrusions 342 in a spacing ring, and the second protrusions 342 are in interference fit with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 310.
In this embodiment, by setting the first protrusion 341 and the second protrusion 342, the sealing engagement between the sealing element 340 and the flexible shaft 120 and the mounting cavity 310 is effectively ensured, which is beneficial to avoiding the cooling liquid flowing into the handle 300 and affecting the normal operation of the input shaft, and on the other hand, the interference fit between the first protrusion 341 and the flexible shaft 120 can absorb shock when the flexible shaft 120 is radially disturbed.
In some embodiments, a plurality of annular grooves 311 are spaced apart from the inner wall of the mounting cavity 310, the annular grooves 311 being disposed corresponding to the second protrusions 342, and the annular grooves 311 being engaged with the second protrusions 342 in a state in which the sealing member 340 is mounted in the mounting cavity 310.
In this embodiment, the second protrusion 342 and the annular groove 311 cooperate with each other, which is beneficial to ensuring stable installation of the sealing member 340 and improving the sealing effect of the sealing member 340.
As an achievable manner, as shown in fig. 13, the handle 300 further includes a positioning bearing 350, the positioning bearing 350 is located on a side of the sealing member 340 close to the power input shaft, the power input shaft includes a transmission shaft 400, the transmission shaft 400 is mounted on an inner ring of the positioning bearing 350, the flexible shaft 120 passes through the transmission shaft 400, and an end portion of the flexible shaft 120 is in driving connection with an end portion of the transmission shaft 400 away from the positioning bearing 350.
Further, as shown in fig. 13 and 20, a driving pin installation hole 410 is formed at an end of the driving shaft 400, a through hole matched with the driving pin installation hole 410 is formed at an end of the flexible shaft 120, and a driving pin 420 is installed in the through hole and the driving pin installation hole 410.
The positioning bearing 350 in this embodiment is beneficial to ensuring reliable transmission connection between the flexible shaft 120 and the transmission shaft 400, and ensuring that the flexible shaft 120 does not wear while ensuring high-speed rotation of the flexible shaft 120.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 13 and 19, the inner wall of the installation cavity 310 is provided with a first installation groove 312 and a second installation groove 313, the first installation groove 312 and the second installation groove 313 are adjacently arranged, and a step 314 is formed at the connection of the first installation groove 312;
The shock absorbing member 320, the sealing member 340 and the positioning bearing 350 are sequentially installed in the first installation groove 312, the positioning sleeve of the positioning bearing 350 is positioned in the second installation groove 313, and the positioning bearing 350 and the step 314 are mutually limited;
One end of the positioning bearing 350, which is far away from the sealing piece 340, is provided with a positioning clamp spring 351, the positioning clamp spring 351 is fixedly arranged outside the transmission shaft 400, and the positioning clamp spring 351 and the positioning bearing 350 are mutually limited.
The first mounting groove 312 and the second mounting groove 313 are concavely arranged from the inner wall of the mounting cavity 310 towards a direction away from the center of the mounting cavity 310, the first mounting groove 312 and the second mounting groove 313 extend along the circumferential direction of the mounting cavity 310, the dimension of the first mounting groove 312 perpendicular to the length direction of the mounting cavity 310 is smaller than the dimension of the second mounting groove 313 perpendicular to the length direction of the mounting cavity 310, and a step 314 is formed at the joint of the first mounting groove 312 and the second mounting groove 313.
In this embodiment, the first mounting groove 312 is beneficial to providing a mounting space for the damper 320 and the seal 340, the second mounting groove 313 is used for mounting the motor front fork 500 and providing a mounting space for the driving shaft, the step 314 between the first mounting groove 312 and the second mounting groove 313 is mainly used for unidirectional fixing the positioning bearing 350, so as to avoid the movement of the positioning bearing 350, and the positioning clamp spring 351 is not provided for fixing the other end of the positioning bearing 350, so that the stability of the positioning bearing 350 is ensured.
In some embodiments, a locating washer is disposed between the shock absorber 320 and the first mounting groove 312, the locating washer having an inner diameter that is greater than an outer diameter of the flexible shaft 120.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 13, a supporting ring 315 is further disposed in the first mounting groove 312, the supporting ring 315 is located between the sealing member 340 and the positioning bearing 350, and a second yielding groove is formed at an end of the supporting ring 315 near the positioning bearing 350, where the second yielding groove is used for preventing the supporting ring 315 from being blocked by abutting against an inner ring of the positioning bearing 350.
The support ring 315 in this embodiment is used for installing the positioning bearing 350, and the second yielding groove on the support ring 315 prevents the inner ring of the positioning bearing 350 from abutting to increase friction and to be blocked.
In some embodiments, the inner race of the support ring 315 is provided with a friction inner race 316, and the friction inner race 316 is made of brass so as to avoid friction melting of the inner race of the positioning bearing.
As an achievable manner, the power input shaft further includes a driving shaft, the motor front fork 500 is installed in the second installation groove 313, the driving shaft 400 is sleeved with the elastic member 430, one end of the elastic member 430 in the length direction is in abutting connection with the positioning bearing 350, the other end is connected with the motor front fork 500, and the elastic force of the elastic member 430 drives the motor front fork 500 to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft 400, so that the driving shaft is in driving connection with the driving shaft 400.
Wherein the resilient member 430 may be, but is not limited to, a spring.
In this embodiment, the elastic member 430 is beneficial to driving the front fork 500 to move so as to adjust the position of the driving shaft, so as to ensure that the driving shaft is reliably in driving connection with the transmission shaft 400, and further drive the flexible shaft 120 to rotate at a high speed.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 19, since the end of the transmission shaft 400 is drivingly connected to the end of the flexible shaft 120 through the transmission pin 420, the motor front fork 500 is provided with a long hole 501 along the moving direction thereof for avoiding the extended transmission pin 420 during the movement of the motor front fork 500.
In some embodiments, flexible shaft 120 has physical characteristics of a bend angle of 0-105o, a rotational speed of 15000rpm-60000rpm, a bend radius of 4.5mm-9mm, a diameter of 0.5mm-3mm, and a length of 5-300mm (e.g., 5-50mm, 40-200mm, or about 40 mm), with a drive torque greater than 4.5N.M.
In some embodiments, flexible shaft 120 has physical characteristics of a bend angle of 0-105o, a rotational speed of 15000rpm-80000rpm, a bend radius of 2mm-18mm, a diameter of 1mm-7mm, and a length of 1mm-40mm, with a drive torque greater than 4.5N.M.
In some embodiments, flexible shaft 120 may have physical characteristics of a bend angle of 50o-80o, a rotational speed of 15000rpm-80000rpm, a bend radius of 6mm-7mm, a diameter of 3mm-5mm, and a length of 9mm-30mm, with a drive torque greater than 4.5N.M.
The present utility model will be specifically described below by way of an example.
1-20, A surgical instrument 100, an outer tube 110, a flexible shaft 120, The tissue removing head 130 and the handle 300, the outer tube 110 is installed on the handle 300, the outer tube 110 is provided with a proximal end A2 and a distal end A1 according to the distance from the handle 300, the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110 is provided with the tissue removing head 130, the flexible shaft 120 is used as a driving shaft for driving the tissue removing head 130, the flexible shaft 120 is installed inside the outer tube 110, the proximal end of the flexible shaft 120 is connected with a driving part in the handle 300, the distal end of the flexible shaft 120 is in driving connection with the tissue removing head 130 through a connecting shaft 132, the tissue removing head 130 is driven by the driving part to rotate at a high speed, the connecting shaft 132 is movably installed in an installation hole 212 formed in the tissue removing head installation seat 131, the tissue removing head 130 installation seat is fixedly installed at the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110, the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110 is provided with a sheath 133, the sheath 133 is arranged on the side surface of the tissue removing head 130, the distal end A1 of the outer tube 110 is provided with an eleventh bending zone 1121, one side of the eleventh bending zone 1121, which is close to the proximal end A2 of the outer tube 110, a tenth zone 1120 and a ninth bending zone 1119 are sequentially arranged, the eleventh bending zone 1120 and the tenth bending zone 1119 are sequentially arranged, and the tenth bending zone 1120 and the tenth bending zone 120 are opposite in the direction of the tenth bending zone of the bending zone The ninth bending area 1119 and the eleventh bending area 1121 are provided with a flexible part 121, the rigid part 122 is arranged in a linear area at two ends of bending, the flexible shaft 120 is provided with a bending sheath body 211, the outer side of the body 211 is provided with uniformly distributed first avoiding grooves 213, when the bending is performed, the body 211 can deform along with the bending of the outer tube 110 through the arranged first avoiding grooves 213, and thus the rotation is completed, the body 211 is in clearance fit with the flexible shaft 120, and the body 211 adopts polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride and the like and has good wear resistance, The self-lubricating material can also be made of elastic materials such as rubber, a second avoidance groove 214 is formed in the mounting hole 212 of the body 211, the mounting hole 212 is divided into two sections by the arrangement of the second avoidance groove 214, the increase of the rotation friction force between the inner wall shape change of the mounting hole 212 and the flexible shaft 120 caused by stress concentration is effectively avoided, the smoothness of rotation of the flexible shaft 120 is ensured, the connection fillet arrangement of the second avoidance groove 214 and the body 211 is beneficial to the smoothness of rotation of the flexible shaft 120, an avoidance surface 216 is formed on at least one side of the outer peripheral surface of the body 211, the avoidance surface 216 extends from the length direction of the body 211, the avoidance surface 216 is used for limiting a channel between the body 211 and the outer tube 110, and is beneficial to ensuring cooling liquid circulation, by the arrangement, the flexible shaft 120 rotates in the outer tube 110 to transmit torque to drive the tissue removal head 130 to rotate so as to cut tissues, the fixation of the body 211 can provide more support for the rotation of the flexible shaft 120 and ensure the stability of rotation of the flexible shaft 120, wherein the ninth bending area 1119, The tenth bending area 1120 and the eleventh bending area 1121 are provided with a plurality of bending arrangements which are matched with a plurality of angles to better avoid normal tissues, reduce secondary injury to patients and obtain better operation vision;
The handle 300 is provided with a mounting cavity 310, a first mounting groove 312 and a second mounting groove 313 are formed in the mounting cavity 310, a step 314 is formed at the joint of the first mounting groove 312 adjacent to the second mounting groove 313, a positioning piece is arranged at the area, close to the distal end A1 of the flexible shaft 120, of the first mounting groove 312 and used for positioning the mounting position of the shock absorbing piece 320, a mounting ring 321 is mounted in the first mounting groove 312, two support columns 322 are arranged at one side of the mounting ring 321 at intervals, gaps are formed between the support columns 322, a positioning groove is formed at the other side of the mounting ring 321, a plurality of ribs are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the positioning groove, a sliding bearing 323 is mounted in the positioning groove, an outer ring C2 of the sliding bearing 323 is in tight fit with the ribs, a sealing piece 340 is mounted in the first mounting groove 312 and is close to the sliding bearing 323, the sealing piece 340 is provided with an inner wall B1 and an outer wall B2, a plurality of first bulges 341 are annularly arranged on the inner wall B1, the flexible shaft 120 passes through the inner wall B1 and is matched with the plurality of first bulges 341, a plurality of second bulges 342 are arranged at intervals, a plurality of second bulges 342 are correspondingly arranged at intervals in the annular grooves 342, the annular grooves 311 are correspondingly arranged at intervals, and the annular grooves 311 are correspondingly arranged in the annular grooves 311 and the annular grooves 311 are in the annular grooves 311; the first mounting groove 312 is also internally provided with a supporting ring 315, the supporting ring 315 is positioned between the sealing element 340 and the positioning bearing 350, the positioning sleeve of the positioning bearing 350 is positioned in the second mounting groove 313, the positioning bearing 350 and the step 314 are mutually limited, one end of the positioning bearing 350, which is far away from the sealing element 340, is provided with a positioning clamp spring 351, the positioning clamp spring 351 is fixedly arranged outside the transmission shaft 400, the positioning clamp spring 351 and the positioning bearing 350 are mutually limited, the second mounting groove 313 is internally provided with a motor front fork 500, the transmission shaft 400 is sleeved with a spring, one end of the length direction of the spring is in abutting connection with the positioning bearing 350, the other end of the length direction of the spring is connected with the motor front fork 500, the flexible shaft 120 sequentially penetrates through the mounting ring 321, the sliding bearing 323, the sealing element 340, the positioning bearing 350 and the transmission shaft 400, a transmission pin mounting hole 410 is formed in the end portion of the transmission shaft 400, a through hole matched with the transmission pin mounting hole 410 is formed in the end portion of the flexible shaft 120, a transmission pin 420 is mounted in the through hole and the transmission pin mounting hole 410, a strip hole is formed in the motor front fork 500, the elastic force of the spring drives the motor front fork 500 to move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 400, so that the driving shaft is in driving connection with the transmission shaft 400, and the flexible column is reliably driven to rotate at a high speed.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the utility model referred to in the present utility model is not limited to the specific combinations of the technical features described above, but also covers other technical features formed by any combination of the technical features described above or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. Such as the above-mentioned features and the technical features disclosed in the present utility model (but not limited to) having similar functions are replaced with each other.