Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides the electromagnetic environment monitoring device for the civil aviation navigation monitoring equipment, which has comprehensive signal demodulation data, is suitable for the application scene of radio interference monitoring of the civil aviation navigation monitoring equipment, and can provide enough support for interference prejudgment.
The aim of the utility model is achieved by the following technical scheme:
an electromagnetic environment monitoring device for a civil aviation navigation monitoring apparatus, the device comprising:
the main control host receives the digital intermediate frequency signal through the radio receiving equipment and processes the digital intermediate frequency signal;
the signal acquisition module comprises navigation signal acquisition equipment, radar signal acquisition equipment and GNSS receiving equipment, wherein the navigation signal acquisition equipment and the radar signal acquisition equipment acquire corresponding monitoring signals, convert the corresponding monitoring signals into digital intermediate frequency signals through the radio receiving equipment and output the digital intermediate frequency signals to the main control host, the GNSS receiving equipment acquires GPS signals and outputs the GPS signals to GNSS analysis equipment, and the GNSS analysis equipment analyzes and processes the signals input by the GNSS receiving equipment and outputs reference signals to the radio receiving equipment and outputs GPS demodulation data to the main control host;
and the external communication interface is connected with the main control host and is used for communicating with external equipment.
Further, radio frequency lightning protection devices are arranged between the navigation signal acquisition device and the radio receiving device, between the radar signal acquisition device and the radio receiving device and between the GNSS receiving device and the GNSS analysis device, and communication interface lightning protection devices are arranged between the main control host and the external communication interface.
Further, the device also comprises a device power supply which supplies power to the radio receiving equipment, the GNSS analysis equipment and the main control host.
Further, the device power supply further comprises an external input power supply, and the external input power supply provides 220V voltage for the device power supply.
Furthermore, a power lightning protection filter protector is also arranged between the external input power supply and the device power supply.
Further, the navigation signal acquisition device comprises a navigation signal acquisition antenna for receiving signals of the instrument landing system, the omni-directional beacon and the range finder.
Further, the operating frequency range of the navigation signal acquisition antenna is 75MHz-1215MHz.
Further, the radar signal acquisition device comprises a radar signal acquisition antenna for receiving secondary radar signals.
Furthermore, the working frequency range of the radar signal acquisition antenna is 1029MHz-1093MHz.
Further, the main control host also comprises a display device, an information input device and a storage device, wherein the display device is used for displaying monitoring software interface information installed on the main control host, the information input device is used for inputting monitoring setting information on monitoring software, and the storage device is used for storing monitoring data.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the electromagnetic environment monitoring device of the civil aviation navigation monitoring equipment provided by the utility model can comprehensively collect the parameters required for monitoring, and grasp the variation trend of the navigation monitoring equipment and the GPS signal demodulation parameters on line in real time, so that the influence degree of interference signals on the navigation monitoring equipment signals can be quantitatively analyzed from two aspects of frequency spectrum monitoring data and demodulation parameter data.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present utility model will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to specific examples. The utility model may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
The existing navigation monitoring device has the following defects: the monitoring content is concentrated on conventional parameters such as frequency, intensity, bandwidth and the like, and signal demodulation parameters are not comprehensive enough; when long-time radio monitoring is performed, the change condition of signal parameters cannot be reflected on line, particularly when interference is received, the influence degree of interference signals on equipment cannot be quantitatively analyzed and evaluated, and the interference pre-judging capability is required to be improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the following embodiments of an electromagnetic environment monitoring device of a civil aviation navigation monitoring apparatus are provided.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an electromagnetic environment monitoring device of a civil aviation navigation monitoring apparatus according to the present embodiment. The device comprises a navigation signal acquisition antenna 1, a radar signal acquisition antenna 2, a GNSS receiving antenna 3, a first radio frequency lightning arrester 4, a second radio frequency lightning arrester 5, a third radio frequency lightning arrester 6, a radio receiver 7, a GNSS analysis module 8, a screen 9, a keyboard 10, a mouse 11, a host 12, a device power supply 13, a communication interface lightning arrester 14, a power supply lightning arrester 15, an external communication interface 16 and an external input power supply 17.
Specifically, the navigation signal acquisition antenna 1 is used for receiving signals of a heading beacon, a pointing beacon, a sliding beacon, an omnidirectional beacon and a range finder, and the frequency range is as follows: 75MHz-1215MHz.
The radar signal acquisition antenna 2 is used for receiving signals of a secondary radar, and the frequency range is as follows: 1029MHz to 1093MHz.
The GNSS receiving antenna 3 is configured to receive GPS signals, and has a frequency range of: L1C, L2C, L band.
The first radio frequency lightning protection device 4, the second radio frequency lightning protection device 5 and the third radio frequency lightning protection device 6 are used for effectively protecting electronic equipment of the device when lightning hits the device, and the frequency range of the first radio frequency lightning protection device covers the working frequency range of the navigation monitoring equipment and the GPS signals.
The radio receiver 7 is used for processing input signals of the navigation signal acquisition antenna 1 and the radar signal acquisition antenna 2 and outputting digital intermediate frequency signals to the host 12.
The GNSS analysis module 8 is used for processing the GPS signals input by the GNSS receiving antenna 3, outputting 10 MHz frequency signals to the radio receiver 7, providing reference frequency for the radio receiver 7, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the frequency of the radio receiver 7; and also outputs information such as longitude, latitude, altitude, position accuracy factor, number of satellites in view, etc. to the host 12.
The screen 9 is used for displaying monitoring software 18 interface information, including: monitoring setting parameters, demodulation parameter data, an intermediate frequency spectrogram, a monitoring channel list and the like.
The keyboard 10 and the mouse 11 are used for inputting monitoring setting parameter information on the monitoring software 18.
The host 12 is used to run the monitoring software 18 and store the monitoring data.
The device power supply 13 is used to power the radio receiver 7, the GNSS analysis module 8 and the host 12.
The communication interface lightning protector 14 is used to protect the host 12 from lightning during external communications.
The power lightning protection filter protector 15 is used for lightning protection and electromagnetic interference protection of the device.
The external communication interface 16 is used for external communication and data transmission by the host 12.
The external input power supply 17 is used for providing 220V external power supply for the device power supply 13.
The navigation signal acquisition antenna 1 converts the received heading beacon, pointing beacon, sliding beacon, omnidirectional beacon and range finder electric wave signals into electric signals, and outputs the electric signals to the radio receiver 7 through the first radio frequency lightning arrester 4; the radar signal acquisition antenna 2 converts the received secondary radar electric wave signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to the radio receiver 7 through the second radio frequency lightning arrester 5; the GNSS receiving antenna 3 converts the received GPS electric wave signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to the GNSS analysis module 8 through the third radio frequency lightning arrester 6; the radio receiver 7 processes the electrical signal and outputs a digital intermediate frequency signal to the host 12; the GNSS analysis module 8 processes the electrical signals and outputs 10 MHz frequency reference signals to the radio receiver 7 and information such as longitude, latitude, altitude, position accuracy factor, number of visible satellites and number of participating positioning satellites to the host 12. The host 12 is also connected to the screen 9, keyboard 10, mouse 11, device power supply 13 and communication interface lightning protector 14.
The present embodiment installs the monitoring software 18 in the host 12, and the host 12 is an operating platform for the monitoring software 18. Referring to fig. 2, as shown in fig. 2, the monitoring software 18 includes a spectrum monitoring module 19, a navigation signal demodulating and evaluating module 20, a monitoring signal demodulating and evaluating module 21, a data recording module 22 and a data playback module 23. The monitoring software 18 is used for processing the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the radio receiver 7, obtaining frequency spectrum data, demodulating the navigation monitoring signal, evaluating the influence of the interference signal on the equipment and sending out interference early warning.
The digital intermediate frequency signal is analyzed and processed by the monitoring software 18 including a frequency spectrum monitoring module 19, a navigation signal demodulation and evaluation module 20 and a monitoring signal demodulation and evaluation module 21 to obtain frequency spectrum monitoring data and signal demodulation data, and the influence of the interference signal on the navigation monitoring equipment is evaluated and the interference signal data is collected, and the data is recorded and stored in the host 12 by the data recording module 22, so that the data can be queried and played back by the data playback module 23. The host 12 can be connected with an external communication interface 16 through a communication interface lightning protector 14 to realize external communication and data transmission. The device power supply 13 supplies power to the radio receiver 7, the GNSS analysis module 8 and the host 12, and is connected to an external input power supply 17 through a power lightning protection filter protector 15.
Specifically, the spectrum monitoring module 19 is configured to monitor signals of the in-band navigation monitoring device, collect spectrum data when the device is operated in a spectrum scanning mode, extract data such as peak amplitude, peak frequency, center frequency and bandwidth, and record and store the data in the background according to a time stamp obtained by each spectrum data.
The spectrum monitoring module 19 is configured to find an interference signal of the in-band navigation monitoring device, find an interference signal in a frequency band of the GPS signal L1C, L2C, L, further identify whether the monitoring signal is a legal signal or an interference signal according to data information of signal parameters (frequency range, amplitude threshold, bandwidth range, etc.) of the navigation monitoring device in a civil aviation radio station database, send an interference early warning if the legal signal disappears or the interference signal is intercepted, and record spectrum data of the interference signal.
The navigation signal demodulation and assessment module 20 is used for demodulation of heading beacon, pointing beacon, downslide beacon, omni-directional beacon and rangefinder signals, as follows:
course beacon
(1) By analyzing FFT spectrum, signal amplitude, dual-frequency carrier frequency, identifying signal time domain parameters, etc. using IQ data, demodulation parameters include: frequency, frequency error, power; 90hz am frequency, frequency error, modulation depth; 150hz am frequency, frequency error, modulation depth; the phase-locked phase difference, the modulation degree sum and the modulation degree of the signals of 90Hz and 150Hz, and the like.
(2) Pointing beacon
The FFT spectrum, signal amplitude, carrier frequency and modulation frequency, subcarrier modulation time domain parameters, and the like are analyzed by using IQ data. The demodulation parameters include: frequency, frequency error, power, 400hz am frequency, frequency error, modulation depth; 1.3kHzAM frequency, frequency error, modulation depth; 3khz am frequency, frequency error, modulation depth, intermediate frequency spectrum, etc.
(3) Down slide beacon
Using IQ data to analyze FFT spectrum, signal amplitude, dual-frequency carrier frequency, modulation frequency, etc., demodulation parameters include: frequency, frequency error, power, intermediate frequency spectrum, 90hz am frequency, frequency error, modulation depth; 150hz am frequency, frequency error, modulation depth; the phase-locked phase difference, the modulation degree sum and the modulation degree of the signals of 90Hz and 150Hz, and the like.
(4) Omnidirectional beacon
By analyzing FFT spectrum, signal amplitude, carrier and identifying signal time domain parameters, etc. using IQ data, demodulation parameters include: frequency, frequency error, power, 30hz am frequency, frequency error, modulation depth; 30hz fm frequency, frequency error, azimuth indication stability, intermediate frequency spectrum, etc.
(5) Distance measuring instrument
By analyzing carrier frequency, signal power-time spectrum (time domain pulse envelope parameters) using IQ data, demodulation parameters include: frequency, frequency error, power, pulse rising edge time, falling edge time; pulse-to-time interval, average emission density; identifying the average emission density of the pulse pairs, the content of the identification code, the length of the beep and the length of the click; the identification code bit interval duration, the identification code word interval duration, the identification code interval duration, the intermediate frequency spectrum, and the like.
The navigation signal demodulation and evaluation module 20 is used for comparing and analyzing the demodulated data values of the heading beacon, the pointing beacon, the downslide beacon, the omnidirectional beacon and the range finder with the qualified threshold values, and sending out interference early warning when the maximum value of the demodulated data exceeds the limit and the fluctuation range of the demodulated data exceeds the limit.
The monitoring signal demodulation and evaluation module 21 is used for signal demodulation of the secondary radar, analyzes carrier frequency, signal power-time spectrum (time domain pulse envelope parameter) using IQ data, and performs pattern recognition. The demodulation parameters include: interrogation/response frequency, interrogation/response frequency error, power, rising edge, falling edge, pulse width, pulse spacing, pulse amplitude, etc. of each pulse within a pulse train.
The monitoring signal demodulation and evaluation module 21 is used for comparing and analyzing the demodulation data value of the secondary radar signal with a qualified threshold value, and sending out interference early warning when the maximum value of the demodulation data exceeds the limit and the fluctuation range of the demodulation data exceeds the limit.
The data recording module 22 is used for recording and storing spectrum monitoring data, signal demodulation data and interference signal data.
The data playback module 23 is used to call and query stored history data.
Referring to fig. 3, a flowchart of the electromagnetic environment monitoring device of the civil aviation navigation monitoring apparatus according to the present embodiment is shown in fig. 3. The whole workflow of the device is specifically as follows:
firstly, selecting a monitoring place of an electromagnetic environment in the coverage range of airport navigation monitoring station signals and GPS signals, and erecting an electromagnetic environment monitoring device of civil aviation navigation monitoring equipment; the monitoring device is started to complete self-checking and initializing, related information of a navigation monitoring station is inquired and monitored according to a civil aviation radio station database, and parameters such as center frequency, reference level, analysis bandwidth and the like are set on monitoring software; then, starting a spectrum monitoring module, acquiring spectrum data (peak amplitude, peak frequency, center frequency and the like) in a spectrum scanning mode by the device, and recording the spectrum monitoring data in the background according to a time stamp obtained by each spectrum data; and when legal signals disappear or interference signals are intercepted in the frequency bands of the navigation monitoring equipment signals and the GPS signals, an interference early warning is sent out, interference signal spectrum data are collected in a frequency sweep monitoring mode, and the interference signal spectrum data are recorded. Switching to start a navigation/monitoring signal demodulation and evaluation module, enabling the device to work in an IQ acquisition mode, demodulating signal parameters by using IQ data, and recording demodulation data in a background; comparing the demodulation data value with the qualified threshold value, sending out interference early warning when the demodulation data maximum value exceeds the limit and the demodulation data fluctuation range exceeds the limit, collecting interference signal spectrum data in a sweep monitoring mode, and recording the interference signal spectrum data.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating interference pre-warning from the perspective of spectrum monitoring data according to the present embodiment.
Specifically, the interference early warning principle is as follows: the method comprises the steps of finding out a captured signal by using an energy detection mode, extracting parameter information such as signal amplitude, frequency and center frequency, searching and inquiring with information in a civil aviation radio station database, and identifying the signal as an interference signal and a legal signal, wherein if the legal signal disappears or the interference signal is intercepted, an interference early warning is sent.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating interference pre-warning from the perspective of demodulating data of the navigation monitoring signal according to the present embodiment.
Specifically, the interference early warning principle is as follows: when the navigation monitoring device is subjected to electromagnetic interference, an abnormality occurs in the modulation characteristic of the navigation monitoring device signal. Starting from two dimensions of the size and the fluctuation range of the demodulated data of the navigation monitoring signal, and analyzing the demodulated data by using a contrast analysis method. Comparison object: real-time demodulation data (frequency error, modulation depth, modulation degree difference and modulation degree sum, etc.) of the navigation monitor signal and the following standard MH/T4006.1-1998 "aviation radio navigation apparatus part 1: instrument Landing System (ILS) technical requirements, MH/T4006.2-1998 aviation radio navigation device part 2: very high frequency omni-directional beacon (VOR) specifications, MH/T4006.3-1998 aviation radio navigation device part 3: demodulation parameter technical requirements in rangefinder (DME) technical requirements, MH/T4010-2006 technical Specification for air traffic management Secondary monitoring Radar devices: maximum allowable value and fluctuation range of demodulation parameter data.
By using MAX (X1 ...Xn ) Function to extract maximum value X of demodulation parameter dataMAX Wherein (X)1 ...Xn ) For a set of demodulated data values, and then directly compare X by If functionMAX And a maximum allowable value Y of demodulation parameter dataMAX When X isXMAX ＞YMAX And sending out interference early warning.
A set of demodulated data values (X1 ...Xn ) The calculation process of the fluctuation range is as follows:
wherein,,for a datum->Is of the ratio of variation of (2)，/>Is the nominal value of the demodulation parameter.
Wherein,,for a set of data (X1 ...Xn ) Is then directly compared with the fluctuation range of +.>And maximum allowable fluctuation range of demodulation parameter data +.>When->＞/>And sending out interference early warning.
By adopting the technical scheme, the demodulation analysis of the navigation monitoring equipment and the GPS signals can be realized, the variation trend of the demodulation parameters of the navigation monitoring equipment and the GPS signals can be mastered on line in real time, and the influence degree of the interference signals on the signals of the navigation monitoring equipment can be quantitatively analyzed from two aspects of frequency spectrum monitoring data and demodulation parameter data. In addition, the device can be used as a single-station monitoring device, a distributed radio monitoring system is built for the civil aviation airport, the grid monitoring of the civil aviation airport radio is realized, and the fine management level of the civil aviation radio is improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.