CN210843188U - Children's tumour sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

A pediatric tumor sampling device, which effectively solves the problems of inconvenience and easy pain of patients when pediatric tumor sampling is carried out; the device comprises a cylinder with an upward opening in the vertical direction, a needle cylinder which is hollow inside and is communicated with the inside of the cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder, a piston capable of sliding up and down is arranged in the cylinder, a sampling needle positioned in the needle cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the piston, a semi-cylindrical collecting tank is arranged at the lower side of the sampling needle, the left side of the collecting tank is a plane, a wedge-shaped cutter which is positioned at the bottom of the collecting tank and can swing rightwards is hinged at the lower end of the sampling needle, a cambered surface which can be tangent to the inner surface of the needle cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the wedge-shaped cutter, a square groove with an opening facing the right; not only relieves the pain of the child patient, but also reduces the workload of medical staff when sampling the child tumor, and has simple structure, novel conception, convenient use and strong practicability.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种小儿肿瘤取样装置A pediatric tumor sampling device

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及肿瘤取样器械技术领域，特别是一种小儿肿瘤取样装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of tumor sampling instruments, in particular to a pediatric tumor sampling device.

背景技术Background technique

肿瘤是机体在各种致癌因素的作用下，局部组织的某一个细胞在基因水平上失去对其生长的正常调控，导致其可控性异常增生而形成的异常病变，但是肿瘤也分为恶性肿瘤和良性肿瘤，对肿瘤的病理分析就需要对肿瘤内部进行取样分析。Tumor is an abnormal lesion formed by the controllable abnormal proliferation of a certain cell in the local tissue under the action of various carcinogenic factors at the gene level. And benign tumors, the pathological analysis of the tumor requires sampling and analysis of the interior of the tumor.

临床上给患者进行肿瘤活检取样时通过手术刀可以实现，但由于创口大，给患者带来痛苦，特别是对于小儿患者，容易造成其情绪失控，目前一般使用穿刺针进行取样，这种方法虽然具有创口小的优点，但是待检组织进入针腔不易分离和取出，给医务人员增加了工作难度。Clinically, it can be achieved with a scalpel when sampling a tumor biopsy for a patient. However, due to the large wound, it brings pain to the patient, especially for pediatric patients, it is easy to cause emotional loss of control. At present, a puncture needle is generally used for sampling. Although this method is It has the advantage of small wound, but it is difficult to separate and take out the tissue to be inspected when it enters the needle cavity, which increases the difficulty of work for medical personnel.

实用新型内容Utility model content

针对上述情况，为了弥补现有技术的不足，本实用新型的目的就是提供一种小儿肿瘤取样装置，有效的解决了小儿肿瘤取样时不方便和容易造成患者痛苦的问题。In view of the above situation, in order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pediatric tumor sampling device, which effectively solves the problems of inconvenience and pain for patients when sampling a pediatric tumor.

其解决的技术方案是，本实用新型包括上下方向且开口朝上的圆筒，圆筒下端设有内部中空且与其内部连通的针筒，圆筒内设有可上下滑动的活塞，活塞下端设有位于针筒内的取样针，取样针下侧开设有半圆柱形的收集槽，收集槽左侧为平面，取样针下端铰接有位于收集槽底部且可向右摆动的楔形刀具，楔形刀具上端为可与针筒内表面相切的弧面，圆筒下侧设有开口朝右的方槽，方槽后端铰接有与圆筒外缘面弧度一致的弧形板，弧形板前端与圆筒前侧壁拆卸连接。Its technical solution is that the utility model includes a cylinder with an up-down direction and an upward opening, the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a needle cylinder which is hollow inside and communicated with its interior, the cylinder is provided with a piston that can slide up and down, and the lower end of the piston is provided with a syringe. There is a sampling needle located in the needle cylinder. A semi-cylindrical collection groove is opened on the lower side of the sampling needle. The left side of the collection groove is a plane. It is an arc surface that can be tangent to the inner surface of the needle cylinder. The lower side of the cylinder is provided with a square groove with an opening facing to the right. The front side wall of the cylinder is disassembled and connected.

与现有技术相比，本实用新型的有益效果是：设有楔形刀具，向外拉动圆盖时楔形刀具可直接将肿瘤样品的下端切断，不需进行多次取样，减轻小儿患者的痛苦，肿瘤样品切下后可打开弧形板并通过方槽取出收集槽中的肿瘤样品，使用起来非常方便，减小了医务人员进行小儿肿瘤取样时的工作量，此结构简单，构思新颖，使用方便，实用性强。Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: a wedge-shaped cutter is provided, and the wedge-shaped cutter can directly cut off the lower end of the tumor sample when the dome cover is pulled outward, and multiple samplings are not required, thereby reducing the pain of pediatric patients, After the tumor sample is cut, the curved plate can be opened and the tumor sample in the collection tank can be taken out through the square groove. It is very convenient to use and reduces the workload of medical personnel when sampling tumors in children. The structure is simple, the concept is novel, and the use is convenient. , strong practicability.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型的主视轴测图。Fig. 1 is the main axonometric view of the utility model.

图2是本实用新型的全剖主视轴测图。Figure 2 is a full-section front axonometric view of the present invention.

图3是本实用新型图2中A的放大图。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 2 of the present utility model.

图4是本实用新型的全剖俯视轴测图。FIG. 4 is a full-section top axonometric view of the present invention.

图5是本实用新型图4中B的放大图。FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 4 of the present invention.

图6是本实用新型中取样针的断裂视图。FIG. 6 is a broken view of the sampling needle in the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。The specific embodiments of the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

由图1至图6给出，包括上下方向且开口朝上的圆筒1，圆筒1下端设有内部中空且与其内部连通的针筒2，圆筒1内设有可上下滑动的活塞3，活塞3下端设有位于针筒2内的取样针4，取样针4下侧开设有半圆柱形的收集槽5，收集槽5左侧为平面，取样针4下端铰接有位于收集槽5底部且可向右摆动的楔形刀具6，楔形刀具6上端为可与针筒2内表面相切的弧面，圆筒1下侧设有开口朝右的方槽7，方槽7后端铰接有与圆筒1外缘面弧度一致的弧形板8，弧形板8前端与圆筒1前侧壁拆卸连接。1 to 6, it includes acylinder 1 with an up-down direction and an upward opening. The lower end of thecylinder 1 is provided with aneedle cylinder 2 that is hollow and communicated with its interior, and thecylinder 1 is provided with apiston 3 that can slide up and down. , the lower end of thepiston 3 is provided with asampling needle 4 located in theneedle cylinder 2, thesampling needle 4 is provided with asemi-cylindrical collection groove 5 on the lower side, the left side of thecollection groove 5 is a plane, and the lower end of thesampling needle 4 is hinged at the bottom of thecollection groove 5. And the wedge-shaped tool 6 that can swing to the right, the upper end of the wedge-shaped tool 6 is an arc surface that can be tangent to the inner surface of theneedle cylinder 2, the lower side of thecylinder 1 is provided with asquare groove 7 with an opening facing the right, and the rear end of thesquare groove 7 is hinged with a The arc-shaped plate 8 has the same curvature as the outer edge surface of thecylinder 1 , and the front end of the arc-shaped plate 8 is detachably connected to the front side wall of thecylinder 1 .

为了使楔形刀具6与针筒2内表面相切时处于极限位置，所述的取样针4的前后两端分别开设有位于楔形刀具6左侧的弧形槽9，弧形槽9的轴线与楔形刀具6和取样针4铰接点的轴线一致，楔形刀具6前后两端分别设有前后方向的圆柱块10，圆柱块10可在对应侧的弧形槽9内滑动。In order to keep the wedge-shaped cutter 6 at the limit position when it is tangent to the inner surface of theneedle cylinder 2, the front and rear ends of thesampling needle 4 are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove 9 located on the left side of the wedge-shaped cutter 6, and the axis of the arc-shaped groove 9 is parallel to the The axes of the hinge points of the wedge-shaped cutter 6 and thesampling needle 4 are the same. The front and rear ends of the wedge-shaped cutter 6 are respectively provided withcylindrical blocks 10 in the front and rear directions. Thecylindrical blocks 10 can slide in the arc grooves 9 on the corresponding sides.

为了使活塞3可上下滑动，所述的活塞3上端设有上下方向的十字杆11，十字杆11上端贯穿圆筒1且同轴固定有圆盖12。In order to make thepiston 3 slide up and down, the upper end of thepiston 3 is provided with across rod 11 in the vertical direction. The upper end of thecross rod 11 penetrates thecylinder 1 and is coaxially fixed with adome 12 .

为了使弧形板8前端与圆筒1前侧壁拆卸连接，所述的弧形板8前端的内侧面上开设有上下方向的限位槽13，圆筒1前侧壁右端设有上下方向的限位块14，限位块14可卡在限位槽13内，弧形板8前端设有上下方向的扳块15。In order to disassemble the front end of thearc plate 8 and the front side wall of thecylinder 1, the inner surface of the front end of thearc plate 8 is provided with alimit groove 13 in the up and down direction, and the right end of the front side wall of thecylinder 1 is provided with an up and down direction Thelimit block 14 can be stuck in thelimit slot 13, and the front end of thearc plate 8 is provided with apull block 15 in the up and down direction.

为了方便取出收集槽5内的肿瘤样品，所述的圆筒1内设有水平的固定板16，且活塞3上端面与固定板16下端面接触时收集槽5位于方槽7的正左方。In order to facilitate taking out the tumor samples in thecollection tank 5 , thecylinder 1 is provided with ahorizontal fixing plate 16 , and thecollection tank 5 is located directly to the left of thesquare groove 7 when the upper end surface of thepiston 3 is in contact with the lower end surface of thefixing plate 16 . .

为了更好的使用效果，所述的针筒2下端设有左低且右高的斜面17，取样针4的下端面与斜面17的倾斜角度一致。For better use effect, the lower end of theneedle cylinder 2 is provided with a lower left and higher rightinclined surface 17 , and the lower end surface of thesampling needle 4 and theinclined surface 17 have the same inclination angle.

本实用新型在使用时，首先向上拉动圆盖12，圆盖12通过十字杆11带动活塞3沿圆筒1内表面向上滑动，活塞3带动取样针4向上运动，直到活塞3的上端面与固定板16的下端面接触，然后将针筒2插入患者的肿瘤内，患者的部分肿瘤组织经针筒2下端的切割进入针筒2内，此时被切割肿瘤组织的下端未切断，医务人员用一只手拿住圆筒1，并使圆筒1保持不动，另一只手向下推动圆盖12，圆盖12通过十字杆11带动活塞3沿圆筒1内表面向下滑动，活塞3带动取样针4在针筒2内向下运动，直到取样针4下表面与针筒2内的肿瘤样品接触，继续向下推动圆盖12，针筒2内的肿瘤样品向左挤压楔形刀具6并进入到收集槽5内；When the utility model is in use, thedome 12 is first pulled upward, thedome 12 drives thepiston 3 to slide upward along the inner surface of thecylinder 1 through thecross rod 11, and thepiston 3 drives thesampling needle 4 to move upward until the upper end surface of thepiston 3 is fixed to the The lower end face of theplate 16 is in contact, and then thesyringe 2 is inserted into the patient's tumor. Part of the patient's tumor tissue is cut into thesyringe 2 through the lower end of thesyringe 2. At this time, the lower end of the cut tumor tissue is not cut off. Hold thecylinder 1 with one hand and keep thecylinder 1 still, the other hand pushes theround cover 12 downward, theround cover 12 drives thepiston 3 to slide down along the inner surface of thecylinder 1 through thecross rod 11, and thepiston 3. Drive thesampling needle 4 to move downward in thesyringe 2 until the lower surface of thesampling needle 4 is in contact with the tumor sample in thesyringe 2, continue to push thedome 12 downward, and the tumor sample in thesyringe 2 squeezes the wedge-shaped cutter to the left 6 and into thecollection tank 5;

等到活塞3的下端面与圆筒1的内底面接触，同时取样针4的下端面与斜面17平齐，向上拉动圆盖12，圆盖12通过十字杆11带动活塞3向上滑动，活塞3带动取样针4向上运动，取样针4带动楔形刀具6向上运动，楔形刀具6上端接触并开始切割收集槽5内肿瘤样品的连接端，肿瘤样品拉动楔形刀具6向右摆动，两个圆柱块10分别在与其对应的弧形槽9内向右滑动，楔形刀具6向右切割肿瘤样品，直到圆柱块10滑至弧形槽9的右端，此时楔形刀具6的上端正好与圆筒1侧壁相切，收集槽5内的肿瘤样品与患者身体上的肿瘤完全分离；Wait until the lower end surface of thepiston 3 is in contact with the inner bottom surface of thecylinder 1, and at the same time the lower end surface of thesampling needle 4 is flush with theinclined surface 17, pull thedome 12 upward, thedome 12 drives thepiston 3 to slide upward through thecross rod 11, and thepiston 3 drives Thesampling needle 4 moves upward, thesampling needle 4 drives the wedge-shaped cutter 6 to move upward, the upper end of the wedge-shaped cutter 6 contacts and starts to cut the connecting end of the tumor sample in thecollection groove 5, the tumor sample pulls the wedge-shaped cutter 6 to swing to the right, and the twocylindrical blocks 10 respectively Slide to the right in the corresponding arc-shaped groove 9, the wedge-shaped cutter 6 cuts the tumor sample to the right, until thecylindrical block 10 slides to the right end of the arc-shaped groove 9, at this time, the upper end of the wedge-shaped cutter 6 is just tangent to the side wall of thecylinder 1 , the tumor sample in thecollection tank 5 is completely separated from the tumor on the patient's body;

继续拉动圆盖12，直到活塞3的上端面与固定板16的下端面接触，此时收集槽5中的肿瘤样品位于方槽7的正左方，然后向上拉动圆筒1并将针筒2从病人身上拔出，将本装置带到检验科室，向右扳动扳块15，扳块15带动弧形板8绕其与方槽7的铰接点向右摆动，同时弧形板8前端向内挤压限位块14，限位块14逐渐离开限位槽13，弧形板8可自由摆动，直到收集槽5中的肿瘤样品完全露出，从收集槽5中取出肿瘤样品，然后关闭弧形板8并使限位块14卡在限位槽13内，即可对患者的肿瘤进行检查。Continue to pull thedome 12 until the upper end face of thepiston 3 is in contact with the lower end face of thefixing plate 16. At this time, the tumor sample in thecollection tank 5 is located directly to the left of thesquare groove 7, and then pull up thecylinder 1 and remove thesyringe 2. Pull it out from the patient, take the device to the laboratory, pull thelever 15 to the right, and thelever 15 drives the arc-shaped plate 8 to swing to the right around its hinge point with thesquare slot 7, and at the same time, the front end of the arc-shaped plate 8 swings to the right. Thelimit block 14 is squeezed inside, thelimit block 14 gradually leaves thelimit groove 13, and thearc plate 8 can swing freely until the tumor sample in thecollection groove 5 is completely exposed, take out the tumor sample from thecollection groove 5, and then close the arc After forming theplate 8 and locking thelimiting block 14 in thelimiting slot 13, the tumor of the patient can be checked.

与现有技术相比，本实用新型的有益效果是：设有楔形刀具，向外拉动圆盖时楔形刀具可直接将肿瘤样品的下端切断，不需进行多次取样，减轻小儿患者的痛苦，肿瘤样品切下后可打开弧形板并通过方槽取出收集槽中的肿瘤样品，使用起来非常方便，减小了医务人员进行小儿肿瘤取样时的工作量，此结构简单，构思新颖，使用方便，实用性强。Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: a wedge-shaped cutter is provided, and the wedge-shaped cutter can directly cut off the lower end of the tumor sample when the dome cover is pulled outward, and multiple samplings are not required, thereby reducing the pain of pediatric patients, After the tumor sample is cut, the curved plate can be opened and the tumor sample in the collection tank can be taken out through the square groove. It is very convenient to use and reduces the workload of medical personnel when sampling tumors in children. The structure is simple, the concept is novel, and the use is convenient. , strong practicability.

Claims (6)

1. A pediatric tumor sampling device comprises a cylinder (1) with an upward opening in the up-down direction, and is characterized in that the lower end of the cylinder (1) is provided with a needle cylinder (2) which is hollow and communicated with the interior of the cylinder, a piston (3) capable of sliding up and down is arranged in the cylinder (1), the lower end of the piston (3) is provided with a sampling needle (4) positioned in the needle cylinder (2), the lower side of the sampling needle (4) is provided with a semi-cylindrical collecting tank (5), the left side of the collecting tank (5) is a plane, the lower end of the sampling needle (4) is hinged with a wedge-shaped cutter (6) which is positioned at the bottom of the collecting tank (5) and can swing rightwards, the upper end of the wedge-shaped cutter (6) is an arc surface which can be tangent to the inner surface of the needle cylinder (2), the lower side of the cylinder (1) is provided with a square, the front end of the arc-shaped plate (8) is detachably connected with the front side wall of the cylinder (1).

2. The pediatric tumor sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the sampling needle (4) is provided with arc-shaped grooves (9) at the left side of the wedge-shaped cutter (6) at the front end and the rear end, the axis of each arc-shaped groove (9) is consistent with the axis of the hinge point of the wedge-shaped cutter (6) and the sampling needle (4), the wedge-shaped cutter (6) is provided with cylindrical blocks (10) at the front end and the rear end, and the cylindrical blocks (10) can slide in the arc-shaped grooves (9) at the corresponding sides.

3. The device for sampling the pediatric tumor according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the piston (3) is provided with a cross rod (11) in the vertical direction, and the upper end of the cross rod (11) penetrates through the cylinder (1) and is coaxially fixed with a round cover (12).

4. The pediatric tumor sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the inner side surface of the front end of the arc-shaped plate (8) is provided with a vertical limiting groove (13), the right end of the front side wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a vertical limiting block (14), the limiting block (14) can be clamped in the limiting groove (13), and the front end of the arc-shaped plate (8) is provided with a vertical pulling block (15).

5. The pediatric tumor sampling device according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal fixing plate (16) is disposed in the cylinder (1), and the collecting groove (5) is located right left of the square groove (7) when the upper end surface of the piston (3) contacts with the lower end surface of the fixing plate (16).

6. The pediatric tumor sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the needle cylinder (2) is provided with a bevel (17) with a lower left and a higher right, and the lower end surface of the sampling needle (4) has the same inclination angle with the bevel (17).

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