Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a structure of a bamboo profile is composed of a web. The bamboo section is a bamboo body with a C-shaped cross section, or a bamboo body with an I-shaped cross section, or a bamboo body with a T-shaped cross section, or a bamboo body with a cross section, the bamboo section is formed by combining and cementing aweb plate 2 and a bamboosquare material 1, the web plate is a bamboo body with a rectangular cross section, and the bamboo square material is a bamboo body with a square or rectangular cross section.
The bamboo body material with the C-shaped cross section is formed by bonding one side surface of a bamboosquare material 1 and the corresponding upper and lower end surfaces of one side of aweb plate 2 into a whole, the web plate and the bamboo square material of the corresponding part are provided with connectingmetal pieces 5 at intervals, the cross section of the bamboo square material is the same, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the bamboo square material are flush with the upper and lower end surfaces of the corresponding side of the web plate.
The bamboo body material with the cross section in the shape of I is formed by bonding one side surface of a bamboo square material and corresponding upper and lower end surfaces of two sides of a web plate into a whole, the web plate and the bamboo square material of the corresponding part are provided with connecting metal pieces at intervals, the cross section of the bamboo square material is the same, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the bamboo square material are flush with the upper and lower end surfaces of the two corresponding sides of the web plate.
The bamboo body material with the T-shaped cross section is formed by bonding one side surface of a bamboo square material and the corresponding middle surface of one side of a web plate into a whole, connecting metal pieces are arranged at intervals between the web plate and the bamboo square material at the corresponding part, and the cross sections of the bamboo square material are the same.
The bamboo body material with the cross-shaped cross section is formed by bonding one side surface of a bamboo square material and the corresponding middle surfaces of the two sides of the web plate into a whole, the web plate and the bamboo square material of the corresponding part are provided with connecting metal pieces at intervals, and the cross sections of the bamboo square material are the same.
The bonding surface of the bamboo square material and the corresponding web plate is a rough surface so as to ensure firm bonding. The connecting metal piece is a steel nail or a screw.
A preparation method of a bamboo profile comprises the following steps:
(1) the round bamboo is processed into a short bamboo tube by a circular saw, and the length of the short bamboo tube is 100-150 mm. The round bamboo is a moso bamboo grown for 3-5 years, and the cut part of about 1-2 m is removed.
(2) And (3) slicing the short round bamboo into bamboo slices by using a slicing machine or a rotary slicing machine, wherein the thickness of the bamboo slices is 0.5-1 mm, the longitudinal length is 100-150 mm, and the width is 0.5-25 mm.
(3) Classifying the bamboo chips: the bamboo chips are classified with the same width through a width sieving machine, the bamboo chips with the width larger than 10 mm are classified into surface layer chips, and the bamboo chips with the width smaller than or equal to 10 mm are classified into core layer chips.
(4) And respectively placing the surface layer planed sheet and the core layer planed sheet into a roller dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 100-150 ℃, and the moisture content of the planed sheet is reduced to 8%, so that a dry surface layer planed sheet and a dry core layer planed sheet are respectively obtained.
(5) And respectively gluing the surfaces of the dry surface layer planed sheet and the dry core layer planed sheet, wherein the adhesive is a diphenylmethane diisocyanate adhesive, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 12%, and the cross-linking agent isocyanate is 12% of the polyvinyl alcohol. The glue application amount is 6 percent of the weight of the dry-shaving sheet, and the glue coating surface layer shaving sheet and the glue coating core layer shaving sheet are obtained. The surface coating can be carried out by spraying glue with a glue sprayer or coating glue with a roller.
(6) Directionally paving to form the bamboo chipper plate: using the rubber coating surface layer to dig the sheet as thetop layer 3 of bamboo chipping board, using the rubber coating sandwich layer to dig the sheet as thesandwich layer 4 of bamboo chipping board, adopt manual orientation mat formation group board, include:
(a) the longitudinal paving direction of the glued surface layer shaving sheets positioned on the surface layer is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the paved bamboo shaving board, the longitudinal paving direction of the glued core layer shaving sheets positioned on the core layer is parallel to the transverse direction of the paved bamboo shaving board, the glued surface layer shaving sheets positioned on the same layer or the glued core layer shaving sheets are arranged in parallel longitudinally, the gluing surface layer shaving sheets positioned on the adjacent layer or the glued core layer shaving sheets are perpendicular to each other in paving direction, the number of the shaving sheet layers forming the bamboo shaving board is 3, 5, N (N =3, 5, 7, … and other odd numbers), the width sequence of the bamboo shaving board is 240, 300, 400, 600, 800 and 1200 millimeters, and the combined 3-piece longitudinal vertical bamboo shaving board, the combined 5-piece longitudinal vertical bamboo shaving board or the combined N-piece longitudinal vertical bamboo shaving board is obtained.
(b) The lengthwise paving direction of the glued surface layer sliced sheet positioned on the surface layer and the lengthwise paving direction of the glued core layer sliced sheet positioned on the core layer are both parallel to the longitudinal direction of the paved bamboo sliced sheet, the number of the sliced sheet layers forming the bamboo sliced sheet is 3, 5, or N layers (N =3, 4, 5, 6, …), the width sequence of the bamboo sliced sheet is 240, 300, 400, 600, 800 and 1200mm, and the combined 3-piece full-longitudinal bamboo sliced sheet, or the combined 5-piece full-longitudinal bamboo sliced sheet, or the combined N-piece full-longitudinal bamboo sliced sheet is obtained.
(7) Hot-press molding: and respectively putting the combined longitudinal and vertical bamboo shaving boards and the combined full longitudinal and vertical bamboo shaving boards into a hot press, preheating the hot press to 160-165 ℃, adding forward pressure, curing at high temperature, wherein the positive pressure is 5MPa, the curing temperature is 162 ℃, and the time is 1-2 minutes, lifting the hot press after curing, taking out the shaving boards, and cutting edges to respectively obtain 3 combined longitudinal and vertical bamboo shaving boards, 5 combined longitudinal and vertical bamboos, 3 combined full longitudinal bamboo shaving boards, 5 combined full longitudinal bamboo shaving boards, N combined full longitudinal bamboo shaving boards or N combined longitudinal and vertical bamboo shaving boards.
(8) And respectively placing the combined vertical bamboo shaving boards and the combined full vertical bamboo shaving boards, or N combined vertical bamboo shaving boards in an environment with the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the humidity of 60-65%, and maintaining for 10 days.
(9) Preparing a bamboo board by using the combined vertical bamboo shaving boards and the combined full vertical bamboo shaving boards:
(a) and (3) bamboo board 2: as shown in fig. 2, the width sequences of the bamboo boards are 240, 300, 400, 600, 800 and 1200 mm; the thickness series was 28, 56, 84, 112, 140 and 168 mm. The bamboo board has the following geometrical dimensions as shown in the following table-1:
TABLE-1 bamboo sheet sequence size
The bamboo board divide into flange board, web, wherein:
a flange plate: the single-layer flange plate is formed by connecting 3-ply or 5-ply full-longitudinal bamboo shaving plates side by side to be wide and connecting longitudinal ends and tails to be long, wherein the longitudinal end-to-tail connected long joints are bonded by adopting tooth joint or finger tenon gluing, the staggered joints of the adjacent 3-ply or 5-ply full-longitudinal bamboo shaving plates are bonded by gluing, and the adhesive is resorcinol.
The plurality of layers of flange plates are stacked by taking 3-layer or 5-layer full-longitudinal bamboo shaving plates or N-layer full-longitudinal bamboo shaving plates (the number of layers is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and …), wherein the same layer is connected with the width side by side and the longitudinal end to end for length, the longitudinal end to end long joints are bonded by adopting tooth joints orfinger tenons 6 in a gluing mode, and the left and right, upper and lower adjacent 3-layer or 5-layer or N-layer full-longitudinal bamboo shaving plates are bonded in a staggered gluing mode. The contact surfaces of the upper layer and the lower layer are polished into rough surfaces by sand paper and then are bonded by an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is resorcinol; the joint of the two bamboo shaving boards is connected and fixed by a glue nail, and the distance between adjacent nails is 50 mm; and then placing the cemented flange plate into a press machine, placing the cemented flange plate into an environment with the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the humidity of 60-65% for 4 hours under the positive and lateral pressure of 1.5MPa, and curing for 15 days to obtain the single-layer or multi-layer flange plate. The forward and lateral directions refer to pressing the bonding surface on both sides of the vertical bonding surface (the same applies, so the description is not repeated).
The flange plate can be used as flange supporting plate and decorative plate in building engineering.
Web: the web plate is formed by stacking 3-ply or 5-ply longitudinal vertical bamboo shaving plates or N-ply longitudinal vertical bamboo shaving plates (the number of layers is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, …), wherein the same layer is connected with the width side by side, and the longitudinal ends and the ends are connected and lengthened, the longitudinal ends and the ends are connected and connected with the long seam by adopting tooth joint or finger tenon gluing and bonding, the left and right, upper and lower adjacent 3-ply or 5-ply or N-ply longitudinal vertical bamboo shaving plates are staggered and glued and bonded, the upper and lower layer contact surfaces are sanded into rough surfaces by using abrasive paper and then are bonded by using an adhesive, the adhesive is resorcinol, the seam joints of the two bamboo shaving plates are connected and fixed by using glue nails, and the distance between the adjacent nails is 50 mm; and then placing the cemented web into a press machine, placing the pressure in the positive direction and the lateral direction at 1.5MPa for 4 hours, and then placing the web into an environment with the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the humidity of 60-65%, and curing for 15 days to obtain the web.
The web can be used for supporting plates, decorative plates, partition plates, furniture plates, combined beams and other engineering plates in building engineering.
(10) Preparing a bamboo square material: as shown in figure 1, the web plates are taken and then overlapped by a plurality of layers (same as the above), wherein the staggered seams of the same layer are arranged side by side and are glued and lengthened by the finger tenons 6 at the head and the tail, and then the bamboo square timber is obtained by cutting the bamboo square timber equally by the width. The number of layers of web width 1200mm, may be 1/2 in terms of its width; 1/3, respectively; and 1/5, the method equally divides the longitudinal cropping, the nominal width of the sequence of squares is 75; 100, respectively; 120 of a solvent; 150; 200 of a carrier; 240mm, corresponding to a nominal width of 56 a; 84; 112, a first electrode; 140 of a solvent; 196 parts by weight; 224 mm. The bamboo square materials can be spliced and lengthened through the head and tail finger tenon glue of the staggered seam, the finger tenon joint seam of the spliced and lengthened bamboo square materials can be connected and fixed through glue nails, and the distance between every two adjacent nails is 50 mm. Then, putting each cemented web plate into a press machine, wherein the positive pressure and the lateral pressure are 1.5MPa, and the time is 4 hours; and cutting the bamboo into square bamboo lumber by equal width, and curing the square bamboo lumber for 15 days in an environment with the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the humidity of 60-65%. The bamboo lumber has the following geometrical dimensions as shown in the following table-2:
TABLE-2 sequence listing of bamboo squares
The bamboo square material can be used for engineering plates such as supporting columns, decorative columns, separating columns, column beams for furniture, combined beams and the like in building engineering.
(11) Bamboo section bar: the method comprises the steps of combining and cementing web plates and bamboo square plates in bamboo boards into combined sectional materials with cross sections of C, I, T and cross shapes, wherein the bonding surfaces of the bamboo square plates and the corresponding bamboo boards are rough surfaces, connecting metal pieces are arranged at intervals between the bamboo boards and the bamboo square plates at the corresponding parts, the bonding surfaces of the bamboo square plates and the corresponding web plates are rough surfaces, and the rough surfaces are rough surfaces formed by polishing with rough abrasive paper. The connecting metal piece is a steel nail or a screw. Gluing the adhesive surfaces of the bamboo square timber and the corresponding web plates, wherein the adhesive is resorcinol (produced by Ack corporation), and the gluing amount is 150 g/square meter; then pressurizing the bonding surface at two sides of the bonding surface vertical to the bamboo section, wherein the pressure is 1.5 MPa; the dwell time was 4 hours. And after the time comes, releasing the pressure, and taking down the prepared bamboo sectional material.
The bamboo section can replace wood engineering structural material for engineering structure.
As shown in fig. 3, (a) a bamboo body with a C-shaped cross section: one side surface of the bamboosquare material 1 and the corresponding upper and lower end surfaces of one side of theweb plate 2 are adhered into a whole. The web and the bamboo square material of the corresponding part are provided with connectingmetal pieces 5 at intervals. The cross sections of the bamboo square timber are the same, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the bamboo square timber are flush with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of one side corresponding to the web plate. The bamboo body with the C-shaped cross section can be longitudinally connected end to end for long, and the longitudinal end to end connected long seams are spliced by adopting tooth joint or finger tenon gluing. The preparation method is the same as the step (11).
The combination of the panels (referred to as webs) and the square lumber (referred to as bamboo square lumber) is shown in table-3 below:
TABLE-3: sequence size of bamboo body with C-shaped cross section
Fig. 4, (b) bamboo body with cross section in I shape: the bamboo body material with the cross section in the shape of I is formed by bonding one side surface of a bamboo square material and corresponding upper and lower end surfaces of two sides of a web plate into a whole, the web plate and the bamboo square material of the corresponding part are provided with connecting metal pieces at intervals, the cross section of the bamboo square material is the same, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the bamboo square material are flush with the upper and lower end surfaces of the two corresponding sides of the web plate. The bamboo body with the cross section in the shape of I can be longitudinally connected end to end for growing, the longitudinal joint seam of the end to end is bonded by tooth joint or finger tenon gluing, the preparation method is the same as the step (11), and the combination of the board (finger web) and the square timber (finger bamboo square timber) is shown in the following table-4:
TABLE-4: sequence size of bamboo body with I-shaped cross section
As shown in fig. 5, (c) a bamboo body with a T-shaped cross section: the bamboo body material with the T-shaped cross section is formed by bonding one side surface of a bamboo square material and the corresponding middle surface of one side of a web plate into a whole, the web plate and the bamboo square material of the corresponding part are provided with connecting metal pieces at intervals, and the cross sections of the bamboo square materials are the same. The bamboo body with the T-shaped cross section can be longitudinally connected end to end for growing, the longitudinal end to end connected long seams are bonded by tooth joint or finger tenon gluing, the preparation method is the same as the step (11), and the combination of the board (finger web) and the square timber (finger bamboo square timber) is shown in the following table-5:
TABLE-5: sequence size of bamboo body with T-shaped cross section
As shown in fig. 6, (d) the cross section of the bamboo body is cross: the bamboo body with the cross-shaped cross section is formed by bonding one side surface of a bamboo square material and the corresponding middle surfaces of the two sides of a web plate into a whole, the web plate and the bamboo square material of the corresponding part are provided with connecting metal pieces at intervals, and the cross sections of the bamboo square materials are the same. The bamboo body with the cross section can be longitudinally connected end to end for long, and the longitudinal end to end connected long seams are spliced by adopting tooth joint or finger tenon gluing. The preparation method is the same as the step (11), and the combination of the plate (web) and the square timber (bamboo square timber) is shown in the following table-6: ,
TABLE-6: sequence size of bamboo body with cross-shaped cross section
Obviously, the bamboo sectional materials with different shapes and specifications can be combined by taking standard and normalized bamboo boards and bamboo square materials as raw materials and adopting different designs. The weight, the moment of inertia, the strength and the rigidity of the bamboo section can be obtained by calculation. The bamboo section bar is simple and convenient to manufacture, and has the advantages of good rigidity, high strength and the like.
The slicing materials for forming the bamboo slicing board sequentially comprise: the gluing surface layer of bottom plane the sheet, the gluing core layer of sandwich layer plane the sheet and the gluing surface layer of top layer plane the 3 layers of bamboo and dig the sheet constitution and dig thesheet 3 layers, the bottom of 3 layers of bamboo dig the sheet, the gluing surface layer of top layer dig the lengthwise direction of mating formation of sheet and the vertical parallel of bamboo dig the sheet, the gluing core layer of sandwich layer plane the lengthwise direction of mating formation of sheet and the horizontal parallel of bamboo dig the sheet.
The slicing materials for forming the bamboo slicing board sequentially comprise: the gluing surface layer of the bottom layer is planed the sheet, the gluing core layer of the core layer is planed the sheet and the gluing surface layer of the top layer is planed the 5 layers of bamboo chipper plates that the sheet constitutes, the bottom layer of 5 layers of bamboo chipper plates, the gluing surface layer of the top layer is planed the lengthwise direction of mating formation of sheet and bamboo chipper plate and is parallel to, the lengthwise direction of mating formation of core layer of each core layer is planed the sheet and the direction of mating formation of adjacent layer is mutually perpendicular.
And (3) preparing the bamboo board by using the combined vertical bamboo shaving boards or the combined full vertical bamboo shaving boards in the step (9), wherein the combined vertical bamboo shaving boards or the combined full vertical bamboo shaving boards spliced on the same layer in the prepared bamboo board have the same thickness.
In a word, the bamboo wood-plastic composite material can replace engineering wood, has the advantages of expanding the application range of bamboo wood, meeting the requirements of engineering materials, being firm and firm, good in toughness, free of cracking after long-term use and good in quality.