技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及混合动力车组技术领域，尤其涉及一种牵引变流器和混动车牵引变流器过分相控制系统。The utility model relates to the technical field of hybrid vehicles, in particular to a traction converter and a hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase separation control system.
背景技术Background technique
铁路系统对动力车组的供电方式为单相供电，且动力车组运行时会在铁路接触网上分段换相以平衡三相电压。为了避免相间短路或由于相邻供电段电压相位不同而损坏动力车组，需要在各独立供电段之间设置分相区。The power supply mode of the railway system to the power trains is single-phase power supply, and the power trains will commutate in stages on the railway catenary to balance the three-phase voltage when the power trains are running. In order to avoid phase-to-phase short circuit or damage to power trains due to different voltage phases of adjacent power supply sections, it is necessary to set up phase separation zones between independent power supply sections.
在动力车组过分相区时，通常要将主断路器和主接触器断开，切断网侧供电，仅靠惯性滑行过分相区。同时为了保证动力车组在过分相区时有足够动力且维持直流电压对动力车组的供电(如车上照明等)，因此动力车组需要进行微弱制动，需要通过牵引逆变器反馈能量维持直流电压。然而，这种方式不仅增加了驾驶人员的操作难度，且对动力车组的安全运行造成隐患。When the power train unit passes the phase separation zone, it is usually necessary to disconnect the main circuit breaker and the main contactor, cut off the power supply on the grid side, and only rely on inertial coasting to pass the phase separation zone. At the same time, in order to ensure that the power trains have enough power and maintain the DC voltage to supply power to the power trains (such as lighting on the car) when the power trains pass through the phase separation zone, the power trains need to perform weak braking, and the energy needs to be fed back through the traction inverter maintain DC voltage. However, this method not only increases the operational difficulty of the driver, but also poses hidden dangers to the safe operation of the power train set.
因此，通过添加动力电池组(如DC/DC电池系统)，使得之成为混合动力车组来解决上述问题。然而，在混合动力车组过分相区时，控制四象限整流器(4QC)与DC/DC电池系统之间的配合过程至关重要。Therefore, by adding a power battery pack (such as a DC/DC battery system), it becomes a hybrid electric vehicle pack to solve the above problems. However, it is critical to control the coordination process between the four-quadrant rectifier (4QC) and the DC/DC battery system when the HEV group is out of phase.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型提供一种牵引变流器和混动车牵引变流器过分相控制系统，以实现牵引变流器中4QC与DC/DC电池系统之间的良好配合，使得混合动力车组在整个过分相区过程中可以正常运行。The utility model provides a traction converter and a hybrid vehicle traction converter phase separation control system to realize the good cooperation between the 4QC in the traction converter and the DC/DC battery system, so that the hybrid vehicle group can be fully integrated It can run normally during the phase zone process.
第一方面，本实用新型提供一种牵引变流器，包括：锁相环、主断路器、牵引变压器、主接触器、四象限整流器4QC以及DC/DC电池系统；In the first aspect, the utility model provides a traction converter, including: a phase-locked loop, a main circuit breaker, a traction transformer, a main contactor, a four-quadrant rectifier 4QC and a DC/DC battery system;
其中，所述锁相环用于检测接触网的网侧电压相位，所述主断路器用于控制受电弓与所述接触网的闭合或断开，以使所述接触网向所述牵引变压器供电或停止供电，所述牵引变压器与所述主接触器电连接，所述主接触器与所述4QC电连接，所述DC/DC电池系统与所述4QC电连接；Wherein, the phase-locked loop is used to detect the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary, and the main circuit breaker is used to control the closing or disconnection of the pantograph and the catenary, so that the catenary is connected to the traction transformer To supply power or stop power supply, the traction transformer is electrically connected to the main contactor, the main contactor is electrically connected to the 4QC, and the DC/DC battery system is electrically connected to the 4QC;
所述牵引变流器还包括：处理器，其中，所述处理器分别与所述锁相环、所述主断路器、所述牵引变压器、所述主接触器、所述4QC以及所述DC/DC 电池系统电连接；The traction converter further includes: a processor, wherein the processor communicates with the phase-locked loop, the main circuit breaker, the traction transformer, the main contactor, the 4QC and the DC /DC battery system electrical connection;
所述处理器，用于在混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合所述主断路器和所述主接触器；在接收到预过分相区信号时，断开所述主断路器，保持所述主接触器闭合；在所述混合动力车组过分相区时，控制所述DC/DC电池系统提供直流电压；在所述混合动力车组过分相区结束时，通过所述锁相环获取所述网侧电压相位，并向所述4QC传输所述网侧电压相位，以使所述4QC 根据所述网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，控制所述牵引变压器的二次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相同，其中，所述相位转换关系为所述牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位和所述牵引变压器的二次侧电压相位的转换关系；在确定所述牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位与所述网侧电压相位相等时，闭合所述主断路器，保持所述主接触器闭合。The processor is configured to close the main circuit breaker and the main contactor before the hybrid vehicle group crosses the phase zone; when receiving the pre-phase zone signal, open the main circuit breaker and keep all The main contactor is closed; when the hybrid vehicle group passes the phase-separation zone, the DC/DC battery system is controlled to provide a DC voltage; The grid-side voltage phase, and transmit the grid-side voltage phase to the 4QC, so that the 4QC controls the secondary-side voltage phase of the traction transformer and the grid-side voltage phase according to the grid-side voltage phase and phase conversion relationship. The side voltage phases are the same, wherein the phase conversion relationship is the conversion relationship between the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer and the secondary side voltage phase of the traction transformer; when determining the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer and the When the grid-side voltage phases are equal, close the main circuit breaker and keep the main contactor closed.
可选地，所述牵引变流器还包括：牵引逆变器；Optionally, the traction converter further includes: a traction inverter;
其中，所述牵引逆变器电连接于所述4QC和所述DC/DC电池系统之间，以使所述4QC或所述DC/DC电池系统向所述牵引逆变器提供直流电压，所述牵引逆变器还用于电连接牵引电机。Wherein, the traction inverter is electrically connected between the 4QC and the DC/DC battery system, so that the 4QC or the DC/DC battery system provides a DC voltage to the traction inverter, so The traction inverter described above is also used to electrically connect the traction motor.
可选地，所述牵引变流器还包括：辅助变流器；Optionally, the traction converter further includes: an auxiliary converter;
其中，所述辅助变流器电连接于所述4QC和所述DC/DC电池系统之间，以使所述4QC或所述DC/DC电池系统向所述辅助变流器提供直流电压，所述辅助变流器用于向所述混合动力车组供电。Wherein, the auxiliary converter is electrically connected between the 4QC and the DC/DC battery system, so that the 4QC or the DC/DC battery system provides a DC voltage to the auxiliary converter, so The auxiliary converter is used to supply power to the hybrid electric train set.
可选地，所述牵引变流器还包括：过压抑制电路；Optionally, the traction converter further includes: an overvoltage suppression circuit;
其中，所述过压抑制电路电连接于所述4QC和所述DC/DC电池系统之间，用于防止所述4QC或所述DC/DC电池系统向所述辅助变流器提供的直流电压过大。Wherein, the overvoltage suppression circuit is electrically connected between the 4QC and the DC/DC battery system, and is used to prevent the DC voltage provided by the 4QC or the DC/DC battery system to the auxiliary converter is too big.
可选地，所述混合动力车组的工作模式包括：牵引工况、制动工况以及惰性工况中的任一种。Optionally, the working mode of the hybrid train set includes: any one of a traction working condition, a braking working condition and an idle working condition.
可选地，Optionally,
所述处理器，用于当所述4QC的工作模式为牵引工况时，在所述混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合所述主断路器和所述主接触器，以使所述接触网向所述4QC供电且向所述DC/DC电池系统充电；在所述混合动力车组过分相区时，控制所述DC/DC电池系统向所述牵引逆变器提供直流电压，以使所述牵引逆变器向所述牵引电机供电，维持所述混合动力车组的牵引力，控制所述DC/DC电池系统还向所述辅助变流器提供直流电压，以使所述辅助变流器向所述混合动力车组供电；The processor is configured to close the main circuit breaker and the main contactor before the hybrid electric vehicle group crosses the phase zone when the working mode of the 4QC is the traction mode, so that the contact The grid supplies power to the 4QC and charges the DC/DC battery system; when the hybrid electric vehicle set is out of phase zone, the DC/DC battery system is controlled to provide DC voltage to the traction inverter, so that The traction inverter supplies power to the traction motor, maintains the traction force of the hybrid vehicle group, controls the DC/DC battery system and provides DC voltage to the auxiliary converter, so that the auxiliary converter The device supplies power to the hybrid vehicle group;
所述处理器，还用于当所述4QC的工作模式为制动工况时，在所述混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合所述主断路器和所述主接触器，以使所述4QC 向所述接触网传输反馈制动能量；在所述混合动力车组过分相区时，控制所述DC/DC电池系统接收所述4QC传输的所述反馈制动能量，且控制所述 DC/DC电池系统向所述牵引逆变器提供直流电压，以使所述牵引逆变器向所述牵引电机供电，维持所述混合动力车组的制动力，控制所述DC/DC电池系统还向所述辅助变流器提供直流电压，以使所述辅助变流器向所述混合动力车组供电；The processor is further configured to close the main circuit breaker and the main contactor before the hybrid vehicle group crosses the phase zone when the working mode of the 4QC is a braking condition, so that all The 4QC transmits the feedback braking energy to the catenary; when the hybrid electric vehicle group is out of phase zone, the DC/DC battery system is controlled to receive the feedback braking energy transmitted by the 4QC, and the The DC/DC battery system provides DC voltage to the traction inverter, so that the traction inverter supplies power to the traction motor, maintains the braking force of the hybrid electric vehicle group, and controls the DC/DC battery system also providing a DC voltage to the auxiliary converter to cause the auxiliary converter to supply power to the hybrid train assembly;
所述处理器，还用于当所述4QC的工作模式为惰性工况时，在所述混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合所述主断路器和所述主接触器，以使所述接触网向所述4QC供电且向所述DC/DC电池系统充电；在所述混合动力车组过分相区时，控制所述DC/DC电池系统向所述辅助变流器提供直流电压，以使所述辅助变流器向所述混合动力车组供电。The processor is further configured to close the main circuit breaker and the main contactor before the hybrid vehicle unit passes the phase separation zone when the working mode of the 4QC is an inert working condition, so that the The catenary supplies power to the 4QC and charges the DC/DC battery system; when the hybrid electric vehicle set is out of phase, the DC/DC battery system is controlled to provide DC voltage to the auxiliary converter to The auxiliary converter is enabled to supply power to the hybrid electric train set.
可选地，所述牵引变流器还包括：动力包；Optionally, the traction converter further includes: a power pack;
其中，所述动力包与所述4QC电连接，用于向所述4QC供电。Wherein, the power pack is electrically connected to the 4QC for supplying power to the 4QC.
可选地，所述牵引变流器还包括：第一预充电装置；Optionally, the traction converter further includes: a first precharging device;
其中，所述动力包与所述第一预充电装置电连接，所述第一预充电装置电连接于所述牵引变压器和所述4QC之间。Wherein, the power pack is electrically connected to the first pre-charging device, and the first pre-charging device is electrically connected between the traction transformer and the 4QC.
可选地，所述DC/DC电池系统包括：储能装置、DC/DC斩波器以及第二预充电装置；Optionally, the DC/DC battery system includes: an energy storage device, a DC/DC chopper, and a second pre-charging device;
其中，所述储能装置与所述DC/DC斩波器电连接，所述DC/DC斩波器与所述第二预充电装置电连接，所述第二预充电装置电连接于所述牵引逆变器和所述4QC之间。Wherein, the energy storage device is electrically connected to the DC/DC chopper, the DC/DC chopper is electrically connected to the second pre-charging device, and the second pre-charging device is electrically connected to the between the traction inverter and the 4QC.
可选地，所述牵引变流器还包括：第三预充电装置；Optionally, the traction converter further includes: a third precharging device;
其中，所述第三预充电装置电连接于所述4QC和所述DC/DC电池系统之间。Wherein, the third pre-charging device is electrically connected between the 4QC and the DC/DC battery system.
第二方面，本实用新型提供一种混动车牵引变流器过分相控制系统，包括：接触网、牵引电机以及如上所述的牵引变流器；In the second aspect, the utility model provides a hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system, including: a catenary, a traction motor, and the above-mentioned traction converter;
其中，所述接触网与所述牵引变流器电连接，所述牵引变流器与所述牵引电机电连接。Wherein, the catenary is electrically connected to the traction converter, and the traction converter is electrically connected to the traction motor.
第三方面，本实用新型提供一种混动车牵引变流器过分相控制方法，应用于牵引变流器，所述牵引变流器包括：处理器、锁相环、主断路器、牵引变压器、主接触器、四象限整流器4QC以及DC/DC电池系统，其中，所述处理器分别与所述锁相环、所述主断路器、所述牵引变压器、所述主接触器、所述4QC以及所述DC/DC电池系统电连接，所述锁相环用于检测接触网的网侧电压相位，所述主断路器用于控制受电弓与所述接触网的闭合或断开，以使所述接触网向所述牵引变压器供电或停止供电，所述牵引变压器与所述主接触器电连接，所述主接触器与所述4QC电连接，所述DC/DC电池系统与所述4QC电连接，所述DC/DC电池系统还用于向混合动力车组供电；In the third aspect, the utility model provides a hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control method, which is applied to the traction converter. The traction converter includes: a processor, a phase-locked loop, a main circuit breaker, a traction transformer, Main contactor, four-quadrant rectifier 4QC, and DC/DC battery system, wherein the processor communicates with the phase-locked loop, the main circuit breaker, the traction transformer, the main contactor, the 4QC, and The DC/DC battery system is electrically connected, the phase-locked loop is used to detect the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary, and the main circuit breaker is used to control the closing or disconnection of the pantograph and the catenary, so that all The catenary supplies power to the traction transformer or stops power supply, the traction transformer is electrically connected to the main contactor, the main contactor is electrically connected to the 4QC, and the DC/DC battery system is connected to the 4QC electric connected, the DC/DC battery system is also used to supply power to the hybrid electric train set;
所述方法包括：The methods include:
所述处理器在所述混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合所述主断路器和所述主接触器；the processor closing the main circuit breaker and the main contactor before the hybrid unit crosses a phase zone;
所述处理器在接收到预过分相区信号时，断开所述主断路器，保持所述主接触器闭合；The processor disconnects the main circuit breaker and keeps the main contactor closed when receiving the pre-excess phase zone signal;
所述处理器在所述混合动力车组过分相区时，控制所述DC/DC电池系统提供直流电压；The processor controls the DC/DC battery system to provide a DC voltage when the hybrid vehicle set is out of phase;
所述处理器在所述混合动力车组过分相区结束时，通过所述锁相环获取所述网侧电压相位，并向所述4QC传输所述网侧电压相位，以使所述4QC 根据所述网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，控制所述牵引变压器的二次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相同，其中，所述相位转换关系为所述牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位和所述牵引变压器的二次侧电压相位的转换关系；The processor obtains the phase of the grid-side voltage through the phase-locked loop when the over-phase division of the hybrid electric vehicle group ends, and transmits the phase of the grid-side voltage to the 4QC, so that the 4QC according to The grid side voltage phase and the phase conversion relationship control the secondary side voltage phase of the traction transformer to be the same as the grid side voltage phase, wherein the phase conversion relationship is the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer and the traction transformer The conversion relationship of the voltage phase of the secondary side of the transformer;
所述处理器在确定所述牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位与所述网侧电压相位相等时，闭合所述主断路器，保持所述主接触器闭合。When the processor determines that the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer is equal to the grid side voltage phase, close the main circuit breaker and keep the main contactor closed.
本实用新型提供的牵引变流器和混动车牵引变流器过分相控制系统，通过在预过分相区时，处理器控制断开主断路器，仍保持主接触器闭合，使得 4QC处于逆变状态，且处理器控制DC/DC电池系统提供直流电压，保证混合动力车组有足够动力通过过分相区。在混合动力车组过分相区结束时，处理器通过锁相环实时获取到接触网的网侧电压相位，并向4QC传输接触网的网侧电压相位，4QC便可根据接触网的网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，来调整牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位，使得牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位与接触网的网侧电压相位保持相同，避免混合动力车组在进入到供电段时发生损坏。本实用新型在混合动力车组通过整个过分相区的过程中实现了4QC与 DC/DC电池系统的良好配合，使得混合动力车组能够安全运行，同时延长了主接触器的使用寿命，降低了司机的操作难度。The utility model provides the traction converter and hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system, through the processor control to disconnect the main circuit breaker in the pre-over-phase zone, and still keep the main contactor closed, so that 4QC is in the inverter state, and the processor controls the DC/DC battery system to provide DC voltage to ensure that the hybrid electric vehicle group has enough power to pass through the phase-separation zone. At the end of the hybrid phase-splitting zone, the processor obtains the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary in real time through the phase-locked loop, and transmits the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary to 4QC, and 4QC can The phase and phase conversion relationship are used to adjust the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer, so that the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer is kept the same as the grid side voltage phase of the catenary, so as to avoid damage when the hybrid electric vehicle group enters the power supply section. The utility model realizes the good cooperation between 4QC and DC/DC battery system when the hybrid vehicle group passes through the whole phase separation process, so that the hybrid vehicle group can run safely, and at the same time prolongs the service life of the main contactor and reduces the Difficulty for drivers.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本实用新型实施例的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the embodiments of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings on the premise of not paying creative labor.
图1为本实用新型提供的牵引变流器的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the traction converter provided by the utility model;
图2为本实用新型提供的牵引变流器在混合动力车组处于牵引工况下整个过分相区过程中的时序原理图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the time sequence of the traction converter provided by the present invention during the entire process of the phase transition when the hybrid electric train set is in the traction condition;
图3为本实用新型提供的牵引变流器在混合动力车组处于制动工况下整个过分相区过程中的时序原理图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the time sequence of the traction converter provided by the present invention in the whole process of over-phase division when the hybrid electric train set is in the braking condition;
图4为本实用新型提供的牵引变流器在混合动力车组处于惰行工况下整个过分相区过程中的时序原理图；Fig. 4 is a timing schematic diagram of the traction converter provided by the utility model in the whole process of passing the phase zone when the hybrid electric train set is in the idling condition;
图5为本实用新型提供的混动车牵引变流器过分相控制系统的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system provided by the utility model;
图6为本实用新型提供的混动车牵引变流器过分相控制方法的流程图。Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control method provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本实用新型实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本实用新型实施例一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型实施例中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型实施例保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described The embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present utility model.
图1为本实用新型提供的牵引变流器的结构示意图，如图1所示，本实施例的牵引变流器10包括：锁相环11、主断路器12、牵引变压器13、主接触器14、四象限整流器4QC 15以及DC/DC电池系统16；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the traction converter provided by the utility model. As shown in Fig. 1, the traction converter 10 of this embodiment includes: a phase-locked loop 11, a main circuit breaker 12, a traction transformer 13, and a main contactor 14. Four-quadrant rectifier 4QC 15 and DC/DC battery system 16;
其中，锁相环11用于检测接触网的网侧电压相位，主断路器12用于控制受电弓与接触网的闭合或断开，以使接触网向牵引变压器13供电或停止供电，牵引变压器13与主接触器14电连接，主接触器14与4QC 15电连接， DC/DC电池系统16与4QC 15电连接；Among them, the phase-locked loop 11 is used to detect the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary, and the main circuit breaker 12 is used to control the closing or disconnection of the pantograph and the catenary, so that the catenary supplies power to the traction transformer 13 or stops power supply, and the traction The transformer 13 is electrically connected to the main contactor 14, the main contactor 14 is electrically connected to the 4QC 15, and the DC/DC battery system 16 is electrically connected to the 4QC 15;
牵引变流器10还包括：处理器17，其中，处理器17分别与锁相环11、主断路器12、牵引变压器13、主接触器14、4QC 15以及DC/DC电池系统 16电连接；The traction converter 10 also includes: a processor 17, wherein the processor 17 is electrically connected to the phase-locked loop 11, the main circuit breaker 12, the traction transformer 13, the main contactor 14, the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16;
处理器17，用于在混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合主断路器12和主接触器14；在接收到预过分相区信号时，断开主断路器12，保持主接触器 14闭合；在混合动力车组过分相区时，控制DC/DC电池系统16提供直流电压；在混合动力车组过分相区结束时，通过锁相环11获取网侧电压相位，并向4QC 15传输网侧电压相位，以使4QC 15根据网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，控制牵引变压器13的二次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相同，其中，相位转换关系为牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位和牵引变压器13的二次侧电压相位的转换关系；在确定牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相等时，闭合主断路器12，保持主接触器14闭合。The processor 17 is used to close the main circuit breaker 12 and the main contactor 14 before the hybrid vehicle group crosses the phase zone; when receiving the pre-phase zone signal, open the main circuit breaker 12 and keep the main contactor 14 closed ; When the hybrid vehicle group is over-phase-splitting, the DC/DC battery system 16 is controlled to provide DC voltage; when the hybrid-electric vehicle group is over-phase-splitting, the grid-side voltage phase is obtained through the phase-locked loop 11 and transmitted to the 4QC 15 transmission network side voltage phase, so that 4QC 15 controls the secondary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 to be the same as the grid side voltage phase according to the grid side voltage phase and phase conversion relationship, wherein the phase conversion relationship is the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 and the phase conversion relationship The conversion relationship of the secondary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13; when the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is determined to be equal to the grid side voltage phase, close the main circuit breaker 12 and keep the main contactor 14 closed.
具体地，通过锁相环11(图1中未示出)可以实时检测接触网的网侧电压相位，且处理器17(图1中未示出)可以接收锁相环11锁定的接触网的网侧电压相位，这样，处理器17可以实时得到各供电段的网侧电压相位。其中，本实施例对锁相环11和处理器17的具体结构不做限定。Specifically, the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary can be detected in real time through the phase-locked loop 11 (not shown in FIG. 1 ), and the processor 17 (not shown in FIG. 1 ) can receive the voltage phase of the catenary locked by the phase-locked loop 11. The grid-side voltage phase, so that the processor 17 can obtain the grid-side voltage phase of each power supply segment in real time. Wherein, this embodiment does not limit the specific structures of the phase-locked loop 11 and the processor 17 .
具体地，处理器17通过控制主断路器12(图1中未示出)的闭合或断开，可以控制受电弓与接触网的闭合或断开，这样，便可以实现接触网向牵引变压器13供电或停止供电的过程。由于会预先设定好牵引变压器13，因此，牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位和二次侧电压相位之间的转换关系为既定的，即相位转换关系为已知的。其中，本实施例对主断路器12和牵引变压器13的具体结构皆不做限定。Specifically, the processor 17 can control the closing or opening of the pantograph and the catenary by controlling the closing or opening of the main breaker 12 (not shown in FIG. 1 ), so that the transmission from the catenary to the traction transformer can be realized. 13 The process of supplying power or stopping power supply. Since the traction transformer 13 is preset, the conversion relationship between the primary side voltage phase and the secondary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is predetermined, that is, the phase conversion relationship is known. Wherein, this embodiment does not limit the specific structures of the main circuit breaker 12 and the traction transformer 13 .
具体地，通过牵引变压器13与主接触器14(图1中未示出)电连接，主接触器14与4QC 15电连接，使得处理器17可以通过控制主接触器14的闭合或断开，接通或者断开4QC15与牵引变电器的连接，这样，4QC 15的一次侧电压相位与牵引变压器13的二次侧电压相位相同。其中，本实施例对主接触器14和4QC 15的具体结构皆不做限定。Specifically, the traction transformer 13 is electrically connected to the main contactor 14 (not shown in FIG. 1 ), and the main contactor 14 is electrically connected to the 4QC 15, so that the processor 17 can control the closing or opening of the main contactor 14, Connect or disconnect the connection between 4QC15 and the traction transformer, so that the primary side voltage phase of 4QC15 is the same as the secondary side voltage phase of traction transformer 13 . Wherein, this embodiment does not limit the specific structures of the main contactor 14 and the 4QC 15 .
进一步地，处理器17可以将接触网的网侧电压相位传输给4QC 15，使得4QC 15可以调整牵引变压器13的二次侧电压相位。这样，4QC 15便可以根据网侧电压相位和相位转换关系来调整4QC 15的一次侧电压相位，使得牵引变压器13的二次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相同。其中，本实施例中对主断路器12、主接触器14、4QC 15和牵引变压器13的具体结构皆不做限定。Further, the processor 17 can transmit the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary to the 4QC 15 , so that the 4QC 15 can adjust the secondary-side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 . In this way, the 4QC 15 can adjust the primary side voltage phase of the 4QC 15 according to the grid side voltage phase and the phase conversion relationship, so that the secondary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is the same as the grid side voltage phase. Wherein, the specific structures of the main circuit breaker 12 , the main contactor 14 , the 4QC 15 and the traction transformer 13 are not limited in this embodiment.
具体地，DC/DC电池系统16通过与4QC 15的电连接，可以实现自身的充放电过程。其中，本实施例对DC/DC电池系统16的具体结构不做限定。且处理器17通过向调整4QC 15与DC/DC电池系统16发送相应指令，可以调整4QC 15与DC/DC电池系统16之间的配合，使得混合动车组可以正常通过过分相区，从而减少司机的操作难度，增加混合动车组的安全运行。Specifically, the DC/DC battery system 16 can realize its own charging and discharging process through the electrical connection with the 4QC 15 . Wherein, this embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the DC/DC battery system 16 . And the processor 17 can adjust the cooperation between the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16 by sending corresponding instructions to the adjustment 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16, so that the HEMU can normally pass through the over-phase division, thereby reducing the number of drivers The difficulty of operation increases the safe operation of hybrid trains.
具体地，在混合动力车组过分相区之前，处理器17可以控制主断路器 12和主接触器14闭合，使得接触网通过受电弓可以向4QC 15供电及向 DC/DC电池系统16充电，使得混合动力车组不仅可以正常运行，还可以维持混合动力车组中车载的正常工作。Specifically, the processor 17 can control the main circuit breaker 12 and the main contactor 14 to close before the hybrid electric vehicle group crosses the phase zone, so that the catenary can supply power to the 4QC 15 and charge the DC/DC battery system 16 through the pantograph , so that the hybrid electric vehicle group can not only run normally, but also maintain the normal work of the vehicle in the hybrid electric vehicle group.
在处理器17接收到预过分相区信号时，处理器17可以控制主断路器12 断开，保持主接触器14闭合，4QC 15在过分相区过程中处于逆变状态。其中，预过分相区信号能够表明混合动力车组从供电段即将进入过分相区。相较于现有技术而言，主接触器14不会由于混合动力车组要过分相区而断开，延长了主接触器14的使用寿命，节约成本。且由于此时接触网向4QC 15的供电通道为断开的，因此，在混合动力车组过分相区时，处理器17便可控制DC/DC电池系统16提供直流电压，以保证混合动力车组可以正常运行。其中，该直流电压可以只用于提供维持混合动力车组的动力，也可以只用于提供混合动力车组中车载的供电，亦可以用于这两方面的供电，本实施例中 DC/DC电池系统16提供直流电压的具体方式可以根据混合动力车组的实际工作模式和供电需求进行选择，本实施例对此不做限定。When the processor 17 receives the pre-phase zone transition signal, the processor 17 can control the main circuit breaker 12 to open, keep the main contactor 14 closed, and the 4QC 15 is in the inverter state during the phase zone transition process. Wherein, the pre-excessive phase zone signal can indicate that the hybrid vehicle group is about to enter the excessive phase zone from the power supply section. Compared with the prior art, the main contactor 14 will not be disconnected due to the excessive phase division of the hybrid electric vehicle group, which prolongs the service life of the main contactor 14 and saves costs. And because the catenary is disconnected to the power supply channel of 4QC 15 at this moment, therefore, when the hybrid electric vehicle group crosses the phase zone, the processor 17 just can control the DC/DC battery system 16 to provide the direct current voltage, to guarantee the hybrid electric vehicle The group works fine. Wherein, the DC voltage may only be used to provide power for maintaining the hybrid vehicle group, or may only be used to provide power supply for vehicles in the hybrid vehicle group, or may be used for power supply in both aspects. In this embodiment, DC/DC The specific way for the battery system 16 to provide the DC voltage can be selected according to the actual working mode and power supply requirements of the hybrid electric vehicle group, which is not limited in this embodiment.
在混合动力车组过分相区结束时，处理器17通过锁相环11可以实时获取到接触网的网侧电压相位，并向4QC 15传输该网侧电压相位，这样，4QC 15可以根据该网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，使得牵引变压器13的二次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位为同相位，进而，在混合动力车组即将进入到供电段时，可以保持供电段上的网侧电压相位与牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位相同，从而避免混合动力车组损坏。At the end of the over-phase division of the hybrid vehicle group, the processor 17 can obtain the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary in real time through the phase-locked loop 11, and transmit the grid-side voltage phase to the 4QC 15. In this way, the 4QC 15 can side voltage phase and phase conversion relationship, so that the secondary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is in the same phase as the grid side voltage phase, and then, when the hybrid vehicle group is about to enter the power supply section, the grid side voltage on the power supply section can be maintained The phase is the same as the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13, so as to avoid damage to the hybrid electric vehicle group.
在处理器17确定牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相等时，处理器17可以控制主断路器12闭合，且保持主接触器14闭合。由于在正常情况下，铁芯中的磁通就已饱合，如在不利条件下合闸，铁芯中磁通密度最大值可达两倍的正常值，铁芯饱和将非常严重，使其导磁数减小，励磁电抗大大减小，因而励磁电流数值大增，这个冲击电流可超过变压器额定电流的6-8倍。因此，在闭合主断路器12前，处理器17通过判断主断路器12 两侧电压相位，当牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位等于网侧电压相位时，闭合主断路器12，4QC15重新处于整流模式恢复供电，这样就避免了激磁涌流造成的危害。When the processor 17 determines that the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is equal to the grid side voltage phase, the processor 17 may control the main circuit breaker 12 to close and keep the main contactor 14 closed. Because under normal circumstances, the magnetic flux in the iron core is already saturated, if the switch is closed under unfavorable conditions, the maximum value of the magnetic flux density in the iron core can reach twice the normal value, and the saturation of the iron core will be very serious, making it The number of permeability is reduced, the excitation reactance is greatly reduced, so the value of the excitation current is greatly increased, and the impact current can exceed 6-8 times the rated current of the transformer. Therefore, before closing the main circuit breaker 12, the processor 17 judges the voltage phase on both sides of the main circuit breaker 12. When the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is equal to the grid side voltage phase, the main circuit breaker 12 is closed, and the 4QC15 is in the rectification mode again. mode to restore power, thus avoiding the damage caused by the inrush current.
在混合动力车组进入到供电段时，便可恢复从接触网通过受电弓向4QC 15供电及向DC/DC电池系统16充电的过程，使得混合动力车组正常运行，还可维持混合动力车组中车载的正常工作。When the hybrid vehicle group enters the power supply section, the process of supplying power to 4QC 15 from the catenary through the pantograph and charging the DC/DC battery system 16 can be resumed, so that the hybrid vehicle group can operate normally and maintain hybrid power Normal operation of the vehicles in the fleet.
本实施例提供的牵引变流器，通过在预过分相区时，处理器控制断开主断路器，仍保持主接触器闭合，使得4QC处于逆变状态，且处理器控制DC/DC 电池系统提供直流电压，保证混合动力车组有足够动力通过过分相区。在混合动力车组过分相区结束时，处理器通过锁相环实时获取到接触网的网侧电压相位，并向4QC传输接触网的网侧电压相位，4QC便可根据接触网的网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，来调整牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位，使得牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位与接触网的网侧电压相位保持相同，避免混合动力车组在进入到供电段时发生损坏。本实施例在混合动力车组通过整个过分相区的过程中实现了4QC与DC/DC电池系统的良好配合，使得混合动力车组能够安全运行，同时延长了主接触器的使用寿命，降低了司机的操作难度。In the traction converter provided by this embodiment, when the pre-passing phase zone is reached, the processor controls to open the main circuit breaker, and still keeps the main contactor closed, so that the 4QC is in the inverter state, and the processor controls the DC/DC battery system Provide DC voltage to ensure that the hybrid electric vehicle group has enough power to pass through the phase separation zone. At the end of the hybrid phase-splitting zone, the processor obtains the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary in real time through the phase-locked loop, and transmits the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary to 4QC, and 4QC can The phase and phase conversion relationship are used to adjust the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer, so that the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer is kept the same as the grid side voltage phase of the catenary, so as to avoid damage when the hybrid electric vehicle group enters the power supply section. This embodiment realizes the good cooperation between 4QC and DC/DC battery system during the process of the hybrid vehicle group passing through the entire phase division, so that the hybrid vehicle group can run safely, and at the same time prolong the service life of the main contactor and reduce the Difficulty for drivers.
下面，在上述实施例的基础上，对图1中牵引变流器10的具体结构进行详细说明。Next, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the specific structure of the traction converter 10 in FIG. 1 will be described in detail.
首先，继续结合图1，可选地，牵引变流器10还包括：牵引逆变器18；First, continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , optionally, the traction converter 10 further includes: a traction inverter 18 ;
其中，牵引逆变器18电连接于4QC 15和DC/DC电池系统16之间，以使4QC 15或DC/DC电池系统16向牵引逆变器18提供直流电压，牵引逆变器18还用于电连接牵引电机。Wherein, the traction inverter 18 is electrically connected between the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16, so that the 4QC 15 or the DC/DC battery system 16 provides DC voltage to the traction inverter 18, and the traction inverter 18 also uses For electrical connection to the traction motor.
具体地，牵引逆变器18分别通过与4QC 15和牵引电机的电连接，可以将接触网经过4QC 15输出的直流电转换为三相交流电，即根据混合动力车组实时的运行情况向4QC 15提供不同的电压指令，实时改变4QC 15输出的直流电压，并通过调压调频控制实现对牵引电动机起动、制动、调速控制。其中，本实施例对牵引逆变器18的具体结构不做限定。Specifically, the traction inverter 18 can convert the direct current output by the catenary through the 4QC 15 into three-phase alternating current through the electrical connection with the 4QC 15 and the traction motor respectively, that is, provide the 4QC 15 with Different voltage commands change the DC voltage output by 4QC 15 in real time, and realize the starting, braking and speed regulation control of the traction motor through voltage regulation and frequency regulation control. Wherein, this embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the traction inverter 18 .
其次，继续结合图1，可选地，牵引变流器10还包括：辅助变流器19；Secondly, continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , optionally, the traction converter 10 further includes: an auxiliary converter 19 ;
其中，辅助变流器19电连接于4QC 15和DC/DC电池系统16之间，以使4QC 15或DC/DC电池系统16向辅助变流器19提供直流电压，辅助变流器19用于向混合动力车组供电。Wherein, the auxiliary converter 19 is electrically connected between the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16, so that the 4QC 15 or the DC/DC battery system 16 provides DC voltage to the auxiliary converter 19, and the auxiliary converter 19 is used for Power is supplied to the hybrid unit.
具体地，辅助变流器通过连接于4QC 15和DC/DC电池系统16之间，可以接收4QC 15或者DC/DC电池系统16所提供直流电压，进而向混合动力车组供电。其中，本实施例对辅助变流器的具体结构不做限定。Specifically, the auxiliary converter can receive the DC voltage provided by the 4QC 15 or the DC/DC battery system 16 by being connected between the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16, and then supply power to the hybrid electric vehicle group. Wherein, this embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the auxiliary converter.
进一步地，为了防止4QC 15或者DC/DC电池系统16所提供直流电压过大，可选地，牵引变流器10还包括：过压抑制电路20；其中，过压抑制电路20电连接于4QC 15和DC/DC电池系统16之间，用于防止4QC 15或 DC/DC电池系统16向辅助变流器提供的直流电压过大。Further, in order to prevent the DC voltage provided by the 4QC 15 or the DC/DC battery system 16 from being too large, optionally, the traction converter 10 further includes: an overvoltage suppression circuit 20; wherein the overvoltage suppression circuit 20 is electrically connected to the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16, used to prevent the DC voltage provided by the 4QC 15 or the DC/DC battery system 16 to the auxiliary converter from being too large.
具体地，过压抑制电路20通过电连接与4QC 15和DC/DC电池系统16 之间，使得过压抑制电路20可以消耗4QC 15或DC/DC电池系统16提供的直流电压，进而4QC 15或DC/DC电池系统16向辅助变流器提供的直流电压变小，从而防止辅助变流器向混合动力车组提供过大的直流电压。其中，本实施例对过压抑制电路20的具体结构不做限定。Specifically, the overvoltage suppression circuit 20 is electrically connected to the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16, so that the overvoltage suppression circuit 20 can consume the DC voltage provided by the 4QC 15 or the DC/DC battery system 16, and then the 4QC 15 or The DC voltage provided by the DC/DC battery system 16 to the auxiliary converter is reduced, thereby preventing the auxiliary converter from providing an excessive DC voltage to the hybrid vehicle group. Wherein, this embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the overvoltage suppression circuit 20 .
再次，本实施例中混合动力车组的工作模式包括：牵引工况、制动工况以及惰性工况中的任一种。具体地，无论混合动力车组处于哪种工作模式，本实施例中的处理器17皆可以实现4QC 15与DC/DC电池系统16的良好配合。Again, the working mode of the hybrid train set in this embodiment includes: any one of traction working condition, braking working condition and inertia working condition. Specifically, the processor 17 in this embodiment can achieve a good cooperation between the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16 no matter which working mode the hybrid electric vehicle group is in.
图2为本实用新型提供的牵引变流器在混合动力车组处于牵引工况下整个过分相区过程中的时序原理图。图3为本实用新型提供的牵引变流器在混合动力车组处于制动工况下整个过分相区过程中的时序原理图。图4为本实用新型提供的牵引变流器在混合动力车组处于惰行工况下整个过分相区过程中的时序原理图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the time sequence of the traction converter provided by the present invention during the entire phase transition process when the hybrid electric train set is in the traction condition. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the time sequence of the traction converter provided by the present invention during the entire process of phase transition when the hybrid electric train set is in the braking condition. Fig. 4 is a schematic timing diagram of the traction converter provided by the present invention during the entire process of phase transition when the hybrid electric train set is in the idling condition.
下面，结合图2-4，对图1中的牵引变流器10在混合动力车组处于不同工况下整个过分相区过程中的时序原理进行详细说明。Next, with reference to FIGS. 2-4 , the timing principle of the traction converter 10 in FIG. 1 during the entire process of phase division when the hybrid electric vehicle set is in different working conditions will be described in detail.
可选地，处理器17，用于当4QC 15的工作模式为牵引工况时，在混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合主断路器12和主接触器14，以使接触网向4QC 15供电且向DC/DC电池系统16充电；在混合动力车组过分相区时，控制 DC/DC电池系统16向牵引逆变器18提供直流电压，以使牵引逆变器18向牵引电机供电，维持混合动力车组的牵引力，控制DC/DC电池系统16还向辅助变流器19提供直流电压，以使辅助变流器19向混合动力车组供电；Optionally, the processor 17 is configured to close the main circuit breaker 12 and the main contactor 14 before the hybrid vehicle group crosses the phase zone when the working mode of the 4QC 15 is the traction working condition, so as to make the catenary switch to the 4QC 15 supplying power and charging to the DC/DC battery system 16; when the hybrid vehicle group is over-phased, the DC/DC battery system 16 is controlled to provide DC voltage to the traction inverter 18, so that the traction inverter 18 supplies power to the traction motor, To maintain the traction force of the hybrid vehicle group, control the DC/DC battery system 16 to provide DC voltage to the auxiliary converter 19, so that the auxiliary converter 19 supplies power to the hybrid vehicle group;
处理器17，还用于当4QC 15的工作模式为制动工况时，在混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合主断路器12和主接触器14，以使4QC 15向接触网传输反馈制动能量；在混合动力车组过分相区时，控制DC/DC电池系统16接收4QC 15传输的反馈制动能量，且控制DC/DC电池系统16向牵引逆变器 18提供直流电压，以使牵引逆变器18向牵引电机供电，维持混合动力车组的制动力，控制DC/DC电池系统16还向辅助变流器19提供直流电压，以使辅助变流器19向混合动力车组供电；The processor 17 is also used to close the main circuit breaker 12 and the main contactor 14 before the hybrid vehicle group crosses the phase zone when the working mode of the 4QC 15 is the braking condition, so that the 4QC 15 transmits feedback to the catenary Braking energy; when the hybrid vehicle group is in the phase-separation zone, the DC/DC battery system 16 is controlled to receive the feedback braking energy transmitted by the 4QC 15, and the DC/DC battery system 16 is controlled to provide a DC voltage to the traction inverter 18 to Make the traction inverter 18 supply power to the traction motor, maintain the braking force of the hybrid vehicle group, control the DC/DC battery system 16 and provide DC voltage to the auxiliary converter 19, so that the auxiliary converter 19 supplies the hybrid vehicle group powered by;
处理器17，还用于当4QC 15的工作模式为惰性工况时，在混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合主断路器12和主接触器14，以使接触网向4QC 15供电且向DC/DC电池系统16充电；在混合动力车组过分相区时，控制DC/DC 电池系统16向辅助变流器19提供直流电压，以使辅助变流器19向混合动力车组供电。The processor 17 is also used to close the main circuit breaker 12 and the main contactor 14 before the hybrid vehicle group crosses the phase zone when the working mode of the 4QC 15 is in an idle condition, so that the catenary supplies power to the 4QC 15 and supplies power to the 4QC 15. The DC/DC battery system 16 is charged; when the hybrid vehicle group is out of the phase zone, the DC/DC battery system 16 is controlled to provide DC voltage to the auxiliary converter 19, so that the auxiliary converter 19 supplies power to the hybrid vehicle group.
具体地，如图2所示，当混合动力车组处于牵引工况-过分相区工况-牵引工况时，过分相区进行之前，从接触网由受电弓引下交流电压通过牵引变压器13进行供电，混合动力车组运行在牵引工况，此时4QC 15输出的直流电压稳定在一定数值U1。Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, when the hybrid electric vehicle group is in the traction condition-over-phase zone condition-traction condition, before the over-phase zone proceeds, the AC voltage is drawn from the catenary by the pantograph through the traction transformer 13 provides power supply, and the hybrid electric vehicle unit is running in traction mode. At this time, the DC voltage output by 4QC 15 is stable at a certain value U1 .
接收到预分相区信号时，处理器17控制主接触器14仍闭合，只发出指令让主断路器12断开。进入分相区之后，DC/DC电池系统16放电，以确保牵引逆变器18一直向牵引电机供电，维持牵引力。因此，4QC 15输出的直流电压U1由DC/DC电池系统16供给并提升至U2启动输出，延时一段时间 t1后4QC 15从整流状态转变为逆变状态，混合动力车组在整个过分相区过程中皆由DC/DC电池系统16通过辅助变流器19进行供电。When receiving the pre-phase-splitting zone signal, the processor 17 controls the main contactor 14 to remain closed, and only issues an instruction to open the main circuit breaker 12 . After entering the phase separation zone, the DC/DC battery system 16 is discharged to ensure that the traction inverter 18 always supplies power to the traction motor to maintain traction. Therefore, the DC voltage U1 output by 4QC 15 is supplied by the DC/DC battery system 16 and boosted to U2 to start the output. After a delay of t1 , 4QC 15 changes from the rectification state to the inverter state. The DC/DC battery system 16 supplies power through the auxiliary converter 19 during the process of over-phase division.
过分相区结束之后，用锁相环11实时检测网侧电压相位，并由处理器 17反馈给4QC 15，使得逆变状态下的4QC 15保持牵引变压器13的一次侧的电压相位与网侧电压相位相同，然后当牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位等于网侧电压相位时，处理器17再闭合主断路器12，恢复到过分相区之前的状态。且4QC 15随即从逆变状态转变回整流状态，4QC 15输出的直流输出电压U1将由DC/DC电池系统16降低到U3，并在时间t2后结束供电，4QC 15 输出的直流电压保持于U1的大小，且继续由接触网进行供电。After the over-phase division is over, the phase-locked loop 11 is used to detect the grid-side voltage phase in real time, and the processor 17 feeds it back to the 4QC 15, so that the 4QC 15 in the inverter state maintains the voltage phase of the primary side of the traction transformer 13 and the grid-side voltage The phases are the same, and then when the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is equal to the grid side voltage phase, the processor 17 closes the main circuit breaker 12 again, and restores to the state before the overphase zone. And 4QC 15 immediately changes from the inverter state to the rectification state, the DC output voltage U1 output by 4QC 15 will be reduced to U3 by the DC/DC battery system 16, and the power supply will end after time t2 , and the DC voltage output by 4QC 15 will remain In the size of U1 , and continue to be powered by catenary.
具体地，如图3所示，当混合动力车组处于制动工况-过分相区工况-制动工况时，过分相区进行之前，从接触网由受电弓引下交流电压通过牵引变压器13进行供电，混合动力车组运行在制动工况，制动反馈的能量通过4QC 15 回馈到接触网，此时4QC 15输出的直流电压稳定在U4。Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, when the hybrid electric vehicle group is in the braking condition-excessive phase zone condition-braking condition, before the excessive phase zone proceeds, the AC voltage drawn from the catenary by the pantograph passes through the The traction transformer 13 supplies power, the HEV runs in braking mode, and the energy fed back by braking is fed back to the catenary through 4QC 15 , and the DC voltage output by 4QC 15 is stable at U4 .
接收到预分相区信号时，处理器17控制主接触器14仍闭合，只发出指令让主断路器12断开。进入分相区之后，4QC 15在逆变模式下继续工作，且4QC 15输出的直流电压U4由DC/DC电池系统16降低至U5来开启且工作于充电或放电的双向工作状态(制动能量的大小决定DC/DC电池系统16 充电或放电的具体情况，即DC/DC电池系统16接收4QC 15传输的反馈制动能量，进行充电，DC/DC电池系统16向牵引逆变器18和辅助变流器19提供直流电压，实现放电)。同时4QC 15在t1后从整流状态转变为逆变状态，混合动力车组在整个过分相区的过程中皆由DC/DC电池系统16和牵引配合将4QC 15输出的直流电压稳定在U5。When receiving the pre-phase-splitting zone signal, the processor 17 controls the main contactor 14 to remain closed, and only issues an instruction to open the main circuit breaker 12 . After entering the phase-splitting area, 4QC 15 continues to work in the inverter mode, and the DC voltage U4 output by 4QC 15 is lowered toU5 by the DC/DC battery system 16 to turn on and work in the bidirectional working state of charging or discharging (braking The amount of energy determines the specific situation of charging or discharging the DC/DC battery system 16, that is, the DC/DC battery system 16 receives the feedback braking energy transmitted by the 4QC 15 for charging, and the DC/DC battery system 16 supplies the traction inverter 18 and Auxiliary converter 19 provides DC voltage to realize discharge). At the same time, the 4QC 15 changes from the rectification state to the inverter state after t1 , and the DC/DC battery system 16 and traction cooperation of the hybrid electric vehicle group stabilize the DC voltage output by the 4QC 15 at U5 during the entire process of passing the phase zone .
过分相区结束后，用锁相环11实时检测网侧电压相位，并由处理器17 反馈给4QC15，使得逆变状态下的4QC 15保持牵引变压器13的一次侧的电压相位与网侧电压相位相同，然后当牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位等于网侧电压相位时，处理器17再闭合主断路器12，恢复到过分相区之前的状态。且DC/DC电池系统16随即停止继续放电，并在t2后结束供电，而4QC 15 在接收到处理器17发送的过分相区结束信号时随即从逆变状态转变回整流状态，维持住U6的直流电压，并在时间t3后重新接收牵引的直流电压指令值，维持U4的直流电压，且继续由接触网进行供电。After the over-phase division ends, the phase-locked loop 11 is used to detect the grid-side voltage phase in real time, and the processor 17 feeds it back to the 4QC15, so that the 4QC 15 in the inverter state maintains the voltage phase of the primary side of the traction transformer 13 and the grid-side voltage phase Same, and then when the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is equal to the grid side voltage phase, the processor 17 closes the main circuit breaker 12 again, and restores to the state before the overphase zone. And the DC/DC battery system 16 stops discharging immediately, and ends the power supply aftert2 , and the 4QC 15 immediately changes from the inverter state to the rectification state when receiving the signal of the end of the over-phase section sent by the processor 17, maintaining U6 DC voltage, and re-receive the traction DC voltage command value after timet3 , maintain the DC voltage ofU4 , and continue to be powered by the catenary.
具体地，如图4所示，当混合动力车组处于惰行工况-过分相区工况-惰行工况时，过分相区进行之前，从接触网由受电弓引下交流电压通过牵引变压器13进行供电，混合动力车组运行在惰行工况，由4QC 15供电给辅助变流器，即直流电压U1。Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, when the hybrid electric vehicle group is in the idling condition-over-phase zone condition-freezing condition, before the over-phase zone proceeds, the AC voltage is drawn from the catenary by the pantograph through the traction transformer 13 for power supply, the hybrid electric vehicle unit is running in the idling condition, and the auxiliary converter is powered by 4QC 15 , that is, the DC voltage U1 .
接收到预分相区信号时，处理器17控制主接触器14仍闭合，只发出指令让主断路器12断开。进入分相区之后，DC/DC电池系统16放电，以保障辅助变流器工作。且直流电压U1由DC/DC电池系统16提升至U2开始输出，同时4QC 15延时t1后从整流状态转变为逆变状态，混合动力车组在整个过分相区过程皆由DC/DC电池系统16通过辅助变流器19供电。When receiving the pre-phase-splitting zone signal, the processor 17 controls the main contactor 14 to remain closed, and only issues an instruction to open the main circuit breaker 12 . After entering the phase separation zone, the DC/DC battery system 16 is discharged to ensure the operation of the auxiliary converter. And the DC voltage U1 is boosted by the DC/DC battery system 16 to U2 to start outputting. At the same time, the 4QC 15 changes from the rectification state to the inverter state after a delay of t1 . The DC battery system 16 is powered by an auxiliary converter 19 .
过分相区结束之后，用锁相环11实时检测网侧电压相位，并由处理器17反馈给4QC15，使得逆变状态下的4QC 15保持牵引变压器13的一次侧的电压相位与网侧电压相位相同，然后当牵引变压器13的一次侧电压相位等于网侧电压相位时，处理器17再闭合主断路器12，恢复到过分相区之前的状态。且4QC 15的输出电压由DC/DC电池系统16降低至U3，并在t2后结束运行，4QC 15在接收到过分相区结束信号时随即从逆变状态转变回整流状态，4QC 15输出的直流电压保持于U1的大小，且继续由接触网进行供电。After the over-phase division ends, the phase-locked loop 11 is used to detect the grid-side voltage phase in real time, and the processor 17 feeds it back to the 4QC15, so that the 4QC 15 in the inverter state maintains the voltage phase of the primary side of the traction transformer 13 and the grid-side voltage phase Same, and then when the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer 13 is equal to the grid side voltage phase, the processor 17 closes the main circuit breaker 12 again, and restores to the state before the overphase zone. And the output voltage of 4QC 15 is reduced to U3 by DC/DC battery system 16, and the operation ends after t2 , 4QC 15 immediately changes from the inverter state to the rectification state when it receives the signal of the end of the excessive phase division, and 4QC 15 outputs The DC voltageof the U1 is maintained at the size of U1, and continues to be powered by the catenary.
进一步地，无论混合动力车组在不同工作模式下过分相区，本实施例的牵引逆变器18皆能够满足不同工况下的过分相区需求，保证混合动力车组能够稳定地运行，也确保乘客用电稳定性及辅助供电设备的安全可靠性，在混合动力车组行驶进入过分相区和行驶出分相区时，过渡平稳，提升了乘客的乘坐体验，且过分相区过程中不需要切换主接触器14的状态，延长了主接触器14的使用时间，降低了列车维护费用。其中，在牵引工况过分相区时，可以保证持续供电过分相区，不丢失牵引力，不降低动车组速度，提高了平均行车速度，减少行车时间。在制动工况过分相区时，多余的制动能量可以对DC/DC电池系统16进行充电，达到了能量循环利用的目的。Further, regardless of the excessive phase division of the hybrid electric vehicle group under different working modes, the traction inverter 18 of this embodiment can meet the excessive phase division requirements under different working conditions, ensure the stable operation of the hybrid electric vehicle group, and also Ensure the stability of passenger power consumption and the safety and reliability of auxiliary power supply equipment. When the hybrid vehicle group enters the phase-separation zone and drives out of the phase-separation zone, the transition is smooth, which improves the riding experience of passengers. The state of the main contactor 14 needs to be switched, which prolongs the service time of the main contactor 14 and reduces the maintenance cost of the train. Among them, when the traction working condition exceeds the phase division, it can ensure continuous power supply and cross the phase division, without loss of traction, without reducing the speed of the EMU, increasing the average driving speed and reducing the driving time. When the braking working condition exceeds the phase division, the excess braking energy can charge the DC/DC battery system 16, achieving the purpose of energy recycling.
接着，继续结合图1，可选地，牵引变流器10还包括：动力包21；Next, continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , optionally, the traction converter 10 further includes: a power pack 21 ;
其中，动力包21与4QC 15电连接，用于向4QC 15供电。Wherein, the power pack 21 is electrically connected to the 4QC 15 for supplying power to the 4QC 15 .
具体地，动力包21为交流电源，通过与4QC 15的电连接，可以向4QC 15供电。其中，本实施例对动力包21的具体结构不做限定。Specifically, the power pack 21 is an AC power supply, and can supply power to the 4QC 15 through the electrical connection with the 4QC 15 . Wherein, the specific structure of the power pack 21 is not limited in this embodiment.
进一步地，为了保证动力包21向4QC 15提供的交流电可靠且稳定，可选地，牵引变流器10还包括：第一预充电装置22；Further, in order to ensure that the AC power provided by the power pack 21 to the 4QC 15 is reliable and stable, optionally, the traction converter 10 further includes: a first pre-charging device 22;
其中，动力包21与第一预充电装置22电连接，第一预充电装置22电连接于牵引变压器13和4QC 15之间。Wherein, the power pack 21 is electrically connected to the first pre-charging device 22 , and the first pre-charging device 22 is electrically connected between the traction transformer 13 and the 4QC 15 .
具体地，动力包21通过与第一预充电装置22的电连接，第一预充电装置22通过电连接与牵引变压器13和4QC 15之间，可以实现动力包21向4QC 15提供可靠的交流电源。其中，本实施例对第一预充电装置22的具体结构不做限定。Specifically, the power pack 21 is electrically connected to the first pre-charging device 22, and the first pre-charging device 22 is electrically connected to the traction transformer 13 and the 4QC 15, so that the power pack 21 can provide reliable AC power to the 4QC 15 . Wherein, the specific structure of the first pre-charging device 22 is not limited in this embodiment.
最后，继续结合图1，可选地，DC/DC电池系统16包括：储能装置161、 DC/DC斩波器162以及第二预充电装置163；Finally, continuing to refer to FIG. 1, optionally, the DC/DC battery system 16 includes: an energy storage device 161, a DC/DC chopper 162, and a second pre-charging device 163;
其中，储能装置161与DC/DC斩波器162电连接，DC/DC斩波器162 与第二预充电装置163电连接，第二预充电装置163电连接于牵引逆变器18 和4QC 15之间。Wherein, the energy storage device 161 is electrically connected to the DC/DC chopper 162, the DC/DC chopper 162 is electrically connected to the second pre-charging device 163, and the second pre-charging device 163 is electrically connected to the traction inverter 18 and 4QC Between 15.
具体地，储能装置161通过与DC/DC斩波器162电连接，DC/DC斩波器162与第二预充电装置163电连接，第二预充电装置163电连接于牵引逆变器18和4QC 15之间，DC/DC电池系统16可以提供实际需求的直流电压。其中。本实施例对储能装置161、DC/DC斩波器162及第二预充电装置163 的具体结构皆不做限定。Specifically, the energy storage device 161 is electrically connected to the DC/DC chopper 162, the DC/DC chopper 162 is electrically connected to the second pre-charging device 163, and the second pre-charging device 163 is electrically connected to the traction inverter 18 Between the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16, the actual required DC voltage can be provided. in. In this embodiment, the specific structures of the energy storage device 161 , the DC/DC chopper 162 and the second pre-charging device 163 are not limited.
可选地，继续结合图1，牵引变流器10还包括：第三预充电装置23；Optionally, continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , the traction converter 10 further includes: a third precharging device 23 ;
其中，第三预充电装置23电连接于4QC 15和DC/DC电池系统16之间。具体地，第三预充电装置23可以将牵引变压器13输出的二次侧电压传输给 4QC 15，以提供4QC 15所需的交流电压。其中，本实施例对第三预充电装置23的具体结构不做限定。Wherein, the third pre-charging device 23 is electrically connected between the 4QC 15 and the DC/DC battery system 16 . Specifically, the third pre-charging device 23 can transmit the secondary side voltage output by the traction transformer 13 to the 4QC 15, so as to provide the AC voltage required by the 4QC 15. Wherein, this embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the third pre-charging device 23 .
图5为本实用新型提供的混动车牵引变流器过分相控制系统的结构示意图，如图5所示，本实施例的混动车牵引变流器过分相控制系统50，包括：接触网51、牵引电机52以及如上述的牵引变流器53；Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system provided by the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5 , the hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system 50 in this embodiment includes: catenary 51, traction motor 52 and traction converter 53 as described above;
其中，接触网51与牵引变流器53电连接，牵引变流器53与牵引电机 52电连接。Wherein, catenary 51 is electrically connected with traction converter 53, and traction converter 53 is electrically connected with traction motor 52.
本实用新型实施例提供的混动车牵引变流器过分相控制系统包括如上述的牵引变流器，可执行上述实施例，其具体实现原理和技术效果，可参见上述方法实施例，本实施例此处不再赘述。The hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes the above-mentioned traction converter, which can implement the above-mentioned embodiment. For its specific realization principle and technical effect, please refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment. This embodiment I won't repeat them here.
图6为本实用新型提供的混动车牵引变流器过分相控制方法的流程图，如图6所示，本实施例的方法应用于牵引变流器，牵引变流器包括：处理器、锁相环、主断路器、牵引变压器、主接触器、四象限整流器4QC以及DC/DC 电池系统，其中，处理器分别与锁相环、主断路器、牵引变压器、主接触器、 4QC以及DC/DC电池系统电连接，锁相环用于检测接触网的网侧电压相位，主断路器用于控制受电弓与接触网的闭合或断开，以使接触网向牵引变压器供电或停止供电，牵引变压器与主接触器电连接，主接触器与4QC电连接， DC/DC电池系统与4QC电连接，DC/DC电池系统还用于向混合动力车组供电。Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control method provided by the utility model. As shown in Fig. 6, the method of this embodiment is applied to the traction converter, and the traction converter includes: a processor, a lock Phase loop, main circuit breaker, traction transformer, main contactor, four-quadrant rectifier 4QC and DC/DC battery system. The DC battery system is electrically connected, the phase-locked loop is used to detect the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary, the main circuit breaker is used to control the closing or disconnection of the pantograph and the catenary, so that the catenary supplies power to the traction transformer or stops power supply, the traction The transformer is electrically connected to the main contactor, the main contactor is electrically connected to the 4QC, the DC/DC battery system is electrically connected to the 4QC, and the DC/DC battery system is also used to supply power to the HEV.
本实施例提供的方法包括：The method provided in this embodiment includes:
S101、处理器在混合动力车组过分相区之前，闭合主断路器和主接触器。S101. The processor closes the main circuit breaker and the main contactor before the hybrid electric vehicle unit crosses the phase separation zone.
S102、处理器在接收到预过分相区信号时，断开主断路器，保持主接触器闭合。S102. The processor disconnects the main circuit breaker and keeps the main contactor closed when receiving the pre-excessive phase zone signal.
S103、处理器在混合动力车组过分相区时，控制DC/DC电池系统提供直流电压。S103. The processor controls the DC/DC battery system to provide a DC voltage when the hybrid electric vehicle set is out of the phase zone.
S104、处理器在混合动力车组过分相区结束时，通过锁相环获取网侧电压相位，并向4QC传输网侧电压相位，以使4QC根据网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，控制牵引变压器的二次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相同，其中，相位转换关系为牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位和牵引变压器的二次侧电压相位的转换关系。S104. The processor obtains the grid-side voltage phase through the phase-locked loop at the end of the phase-separation zone of the hybrid electric vehicle group, and transmits the grid-side voltage phase to 4QC, so that 4QC controls the traction transformer according to the grid-side voltage phase and phase conversion relationship The phase of the secondary side voltage is the same as that of the grid side voltage, wherein the phase conversion relationship is the conversion relationship between the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer and the secondary side voltage phase of the traction transformer.
S105、处理器在确定牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相等时，闭合主断路器，保持主接触器闭合。S105. The processor closes the main circuit breaker and keeps the main contactor closed when it is determined that the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer is equal to the grid side voltage phase.
具体地，在混合动力车组过分相区之前，处理器控制闭合主断路器和主接触器，使得接触网能够正常供电。在处理器接收到预过分相区信号时，处理器控制主断路器断开，保持主接触器闭合，使得4QC处于逆变状态。在混合动力车组过分相区时，处理器控制DC/DC电池系统提供直流电压，保证混合动力车组可以正常运行。在混合动力车组过分相区结束时，处理器通过锁相环获取接触网的网侧电压相位，并向4QC传输该网侧电压相位，这样，4QC根据该网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，使得牵引变压器的二次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位保持相同，从而避免混合动力车组损坏。在处理器确定牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位与网侧电压相位相等时，控制主断路器闭合，保持主接触器闭合，恢复接触网的供电，使得混合动力车组正常运行，还可维持混合动力车组中车载的正常工作。Specifically, the processor controls to close the main circuit breaker and the main contactor before the hybrid vehicle group crosses the phase separation zone, so that the catenary can supply power normally. When the processor receives the signal of the pre-existing phase zone, the processor controls the main circuit breaker to open and keeps the main contactor closed, so that 4QC is in the inverter state. When the hybrid electric vehicle group is out of the phase zone, the processor controls the DC/DC battery system to provide DC voltage to ensure the normal operation of the hybrid electric vehicle group. At the end of the over-phase division of the HEV group, the processor obtains the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary through the phase-locked loop, and transmits the grid-side voltage phase to 4QC. In this way, 4QC according to the grid-side voltage phase and phase conversion relationship, The voltage phase of the secondary side of the traction transformer is kept the same as that of the grid side voltage, thereby avoiding damage to the hybrid electric vehicle unit. When the processor determines that the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer is equal to the grid side voltage phase, it controls the main circuit breaker to close, keeps the main contactor closed, and restores the power supply of the catenary, so that the hybrid electric vehicle group can operate normally, and the hybrid power can also be maintained Normal operation of the vehicles in the fleet.
本实施例提供的混动车牵引变流器过分相控制方法，通过在预过分相区时，处理器控制断开主断路器，仍保持主接触器闭合，使得4QC处于逆变状态，且处理器控制DC/DC电池系统提供直流电压，保证混合动力车组有足够动力通过过分相区。在混合动力车组过分相区结束时，处理器通过锁相环实时获取到接触网的网侧电压相位，并向4QC传输接触网的网侧电压相位，4QC 便可根据接触网的网侧电压相位和相位转换关系，来调整牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位，使得牵引变压器的一次侧电压相位与接触网的网侧电压相位保持相同，避免混合动力车组在进入到供电段时发生损坏。本实施例在混合动力车组通过整个过分相区的过程中实现了4QC与DC/DC电池系统的良好配合，使得混合动力车组能够安全运行，同时延长了主接触器的使用寿命，降低了司机的操作难度。In the hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control method provided in this embodiment, the processor controls to disconnect the main circuit breaker and keep the main contactor closed during the pre-over-phase zone, so that the 4QC is in the inverter state, and the processor Control the DC/DC battery system to provide DC voltage to ensure that the hybrid electric vehicle group has enough power to pass through the phase separation zone. At the end of the hybrid phase-splitting zone, the processor obtains the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary in real time through the phase-locked loop, and transmits the grid-side voltage phase of the catenary to 4QC, and 4QC can The phase and phase conversion relationship are used to adjust the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer, so that the primary side voltage phase of the traction transformer is kept the same as the grid side voltage phase of the catenary, so as to avoid damage when the hybrid electric vehicle group enters the power supply section. This embodiment realizes the good cooperation between 4QC and DC/DC battery system during the process of the hybrid vehicle group passing through the entire phase division, so that the hybrid vehicle group can run safely, and at the same time prolong the service life of the main contactor and reduce the Difficulty for drivers.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by program instructions and related hardware. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps including the above-mentioned method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other various media that can store program codes.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本实用新型各实施例技术方案的范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit it; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand : It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the various embodiments of the present invention Scope of technical solutions.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821381138.0UCN209881646U (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | Traction converter and hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821381138.0UCN209881646U (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | Traction converter and hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209881646Utrue CN209881646U (en) | 2019-12-31 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821381138.0UActiveCN209881646U (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | Traction converter and hybrid vehicle traction converter over-phase control system |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN209881646U (en) |
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| CN109088534A (en)* | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-25 | 北京千驷驭电气有限公司 | Traction convertor, mixed motor train traction passing neutral section control system and method |
| CN111342449A (en)* | 2020-03-07 | 2020-06-26 | 西南交通大学 | A combined hybrid DC circuit breaker on a subway catenary |
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| CN109088534A (en)* | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-25 | 北京千驷驭电气有限公司 | Traction convertor, mixed motor train traction passing neutral section control system and method |
| CN111342449A (en)* | 2020-03-07 | 2020-06-26 | 西南交通大学 | A combined hybrid DC circuit breaker on a subway catenary |
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| CN112072726A (en)* | 2020-07-28 | 2020-12-11 | 湖南科霸汽车动力电池有限责任公司 | Ni-MH battery system for rail vehicle |
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