技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体地说，是一种长骨干骨折髓内钉固定系统。The utility model relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an intramedullary nail fixation system for long diaphysis fractures.
背景技术Background technique
四肢长骨干骨折较为常见，骨折发生后对肢体功能影响较大，不稳定骨折多需通过手术治疗，治疗目的为恢复骨折的连续性，并达到允许早期活动的坚强固定，目前临床应用的骨折内固定系统包括钢板/螺钉系统及髓内钉系统等。Fractures of the long bones of the extremities are relatively common. After the fracture occurs, it has a great impact on the function of the limbs. Most unstable fractures need to be treated by surgery. The purpose of treatment is to restore the continuity of the fracture and achieve a strong fixation that allows early movement. Fixation systems include plate/screw systems and intramedullary nail systems.
临床应用中，现有的内固定系统有以下局限性。In clinical application, the existing internal fixation system has the following limitations.
钢板/螺钉系统安装过程中，对术区暴露要求高，对骨折周围结构损伤较大，内固定装置安装后对骨膜损伤较大，复杂骨折多难以达到满意复位等，术后存在骨折延迟愈合或不愈合风险等。During the installation of the plate/screw system, the exposure of the operative area is high, the damage to the surrounding structures is large, the periosteum is damaged after the internal fixation device is installed, and it is difficult to achieve satisfactory reduction of complex fractures. Risk of non-healing, etc.
髓内钉系统的发明为长骨干骨折的治疗带来了革命性的变革，但现有的髓内钉系统需通过长骨末端植入，对骨骺未愈合的青少年及儿童患者存在禁忌，且髓内钉系统未暴露骨折断端，存在无法解剖复位和骨折断端软组织嵌顿可能，对骨折愈合有一定影响。The invention of the intramedullary nail system has brought a revolutionary change to the treatment of long bone shaft fractures. However, the existing intramedullary nail system needs to be implanted through the end of the long bone, which is contraindicated in adolescents and children with unhealed epiphysis. The nail system does not expose the fracture end, so there is a possibility of incapable of anatomical reduction and soft tissue impaction of the fracture end, which has a certain impact on fracture healing.
中国专利文献CN200920278252.5，申请日20091224，专利名称为：一种股骨近端髓内钉系统，公开了一种股骨近端髓内钉系统，由一中空髓内钉、一组尾钉、一拉力螺钉和交锁螺钉组合构成，髓内钉的近端上开设斜向拉力螺钉孔，相对远端上开设交锁螺钉穿过的长槽孔；近端的拉力螺钉孔为防其旋转的椭圆孔；拉力螺钉由旋转刀片、滑套螺母、连接螺钉和连接套管组合构成，其中，旋转刀片上部带有一组螺旋槽，旋转刀片尾部和滑套螺母的前部均设有相互可咬合的端齿；旋转刀片尾部和滑套螺母通过连接螺钉实现咬合连接，所述的连接套管套在组合后的滑套螺母与旋转刀片上，该连接套管的外表面为与髓内钉的椭圆孔相对应的椭圆柱面。Chinese patent document CN200920278252.5, the application date is 20091224, the patent name is: a proximal femoral intramedullary nail system, which discloses a proximal femoral intramedullary nail system, which consists of a hollow intramedullary nail, a set of tail nails, a The lag screw and the interlocking screw are combined. The proximal end of the intramedullary nail is provided with an oblique lag screw hole, and the opposite distal end is provided with a long slotted hole through which the interlocking screw passes; the proximal lag screw hole is an ellipse to prevent its rotation. The lag screw is composed of a combination of a rotating blade, a sliding nut, a connecting screw and a connecting sleeve, wherein the upper part of the rotating blade is provided with a set of helical grooves, and the tail of the rotating blade and the front of the sliding nut are provided with mutually engaging ends tooth; the tail of the rotating blade and the sliding sleeve nut are connected by connecting screws to realize the occlusal connection, the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the combined sliding sleeve nut and the rotating blade, and the outer surface of the connecting sleeve is an oval hole with the intramedullary nail. The corresponding elliptical cylinder.
上述专利文献的股骨近端髓内钉系统特别适于治疗骨质疏松患者的股骨粗隆周围骨折，其便于从粗隆顶点插入髓内钉，方便手术操作。但是关于一种经由骨折断端植入，促进骨组织愈合，术中操作方便，能有效固定骨折，使病人较早进行有效的功能锻炼的技术方案则无相应的公开。The proximal femoral intramedullary nail system of the above-mentioned patent documents is particularly suitable for treating peritrochanteric fractures of the femur in patients with osteoporosis, which facilitates the insertion of the intramedullary nail from the apex of the trochanter and facilitates surgical operations. However, there is no corresponding disclosure about a technical scheme that implants through fracture ends, promotes bone tissue healing, is easy to operate during operation, can effectively fix fractures, and enables patients to perform effective functional exercise earlier.
综上所述，需要一种经由骨折断端植入，促进骨组织愈合，术中操作方便，能有效固定骨折，使病人较早进行有效的功能锻炼的两部分髓内钉系统，而关于这种两部分髓内钉系统目前还未见报道。To sum up, there is a need for a two-part intramedullary nail system that can be implanted through the fractured end to promote bone tissue healing, is easy to operate during surgery, can effectively fix fractures, and enable patients to perform effective functional exercise earlier. A two-part intramedullary nail system has not yet been reported.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本实用新型的目的是针对现有技术中的不足，提供一种经由骨折断端植入，促进骨组织愈合，术中操作方便，能有效固定骨折，使病人较早进行有效的功能锻炼的两部分髓内钉系统。The purpose of the present utility model is to aim at the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a two-way implantation through the broken end of the fracture, which promotes the healing of bone tissue, is easy to operate during the operation, can effectively fix the fracture, and enables the patient to perform effective functional exercise earlier. Part of the intramedullary nail system.
为实现上述目的，本实用新型采取的技术方案是：For realizing the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the utility model takes is:
一种两部分髓内钉骨折内固定系统，所述髓内钉骨折内固定系统包括髓内钉A部件、髓内钉B部件；所述的髓内钉A部件与髓内钉B部件为可拆卸连接；所述的髓内钉A部件与髓内钉B部件均配有固定螺钉；A two-part intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system, the intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system includes an intramedullary nail A part and an intramedullary nail B part; the intramedullary nail A part and the intramedullary nail B part are interchangeable. The connection is disassembled; the intramedullary nail A part and the intramedullary nail B part are equipped with fixing screws;
所述的髓内钉A部件为长管型髓内钉；所述的髓内钉A部件的游离端设有固定孔；所述髓内钉A部件的骨折端设有髓内钉a连接部件；The part A of the intramedullary nail is a long tube type intramedullary nail; the free end of the part A of the intramedullary nail is provided with a fixing hole; the fracture end of the part A of the intramedullary nail is provided with an intramedullary nail a connecting part ;
所述的髓内钉B部件为长管型髓内钉；所述的髓内钉B部件的游离端设有固定孔；所述髓内钉B部件的骨折端设有髓内钉b连接部件,该髓内钉b连接部件与髓内钉a连接部件可拆卸连接；The B part of the intramedullary nail is a long tube type intramedullary nail; the free end of the B part of the intramedullary nail is provided with a fixing hole; the fracture end of the B part of the intramedullary nail is provided with an intramedullary nail b connecting part , the connecting part of the intramedullary nail b is detachably connected to the connecting part of the intramedullary nail a;
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述的内固定系统还包括髓内钉A部件安装系统，髓内钉A部件安装系统为带远端多方向的螺钉安装装置。As a preferred technical solution, the internal fixation system further includes an intramedullary nail A component installation system, and the intramedullary nail A component installation system is a multi-directional screw installation device with a distal end.
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述的内固定系统还包括骨折辅助装置，所述的骨折辅助装置包括撑开杆、加压杆、旋转槽、接触板、连接杆；所述的支撑杆为齿轮的结构形式，支撑杆连接在接触板上；所述的接触板上设有旋转槽，连接杆通过旋转槽与加压杆连接。As a preferred technical solution, the internal fixation system further includes a fracture assisting device, and the fracture assisting device includes a spreader rod, a compression rod, a rotation groove, a contact plate, and a connecting rod; the support rod is In the structural form of the gear, the support rod is connected to the contact plate; the contact plate is provided with a rotation groove, and the connecting rod is connected with the pressure rod through the rotation groove.
作为一种优选的技术方案，其特征在于，所述的髓内钉a连接部件上设有a卡口，且髓内钉a连接部件为螺帽结构；所述的髓内钉b连接部件上设有b卡口，且髓内钉b连接部件为螺纹结构。As a preferred technical solution, it is characterized in that the connecting part a of the intramedullary nail is provided with a bayonet, and the connecting part a of the intramedullary nail is a nut structure; A bayonet b is provided, and the connecting part b of the intramedullary nail is a threaded structure.
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述的髓内钉a连接部件上设有a卡口，且髓内钉a连接部件为固定螺帽结构；所述的髓内钉b连接部件上设有b卡口，且髓内钉b连接部件为活动螺纹结构。As a preferred technical solution, the connecting part a of the intramedullary nail is provided with a bayonet, and the connecting part a of the intramedullary nail is a fixed nut structure; the connecting part b of the intramedullary nail is provided with b The bayonet, and the connecting part of the intramedullary nail b is a movable thread structure.
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述的髓内钉a连接部件上设有嵌入腔，所述嵌入腔为方形结构；在该嵌入腔贯穿有锁定孔；所述的髓内钉b连接部件上设有嵌合块，该嵌合块上贯穿有锁定孔，且该锁定孔与嵌入腔贯穿的锁定孔相对应；所述锁定孔中穿设有锁定螺钉。As a preferred technical solution, an embedding cavity is provided on the connecting part of the intramedullary nail a, and the embedding cavity is of a square structure; a locking hole runs through the embedding cavity; the connecting part of the intramedullary nail b An inserting block is provided, a locking hole is pierced through the inserting block, and the locking hole corresponds to the locking hole penetrating through the inserting cavity; a locking screw is pierced through the locking hole.
作为一种优选的技术方案，所述的髓内钉a连接部件上设有第一横向半截面和第一纵向半截面，所述第一横向半截面上设有第一V形缺口；所述第一纵向半截面上设有第一插孔；所述髓内钉a连接部件的端部设有第一插块；所述的髓内钉b连接部件上设有第二横向半截面和第二纵向半截面，所述第二横向半截面上设有第二V形缺口；所述第二纵向半截面上设有第二插孔；所述髓内钉a连接部件的端部设有第二插块；所述的第二插块与第一插孔相配合；所述的第二插孔与第一插块相配合；所述的第一V形缺口和第二V形缺口装配状态下形成锁定方形孔，在锁定方形孔中装配有锁定块。As a preferred technical solution, the connecting part of the intramedullary nail a is provided with a first transverse half-section and a first longitudinal half-section, and the first transverse half-section is provided with a first V-shaped notch; the The first longitudinal half-section is provided with a first insertion hole; the end of the connecting part of the intramedullary nail a is provided with a first insert; the connecting part of the intramedullary nail b is provided with a second transverse half-section and a Two longitudinal half-sections, the second transverse half-section is provided with a second V-shaped notch; the second longitudinal half-section is provided with a second insertion hole; the end of the connecting part of the intramedullary nail a is provided with a third Two insert blocks; the second insert block is matched with the first jack; the second jack is matched with the first insert block; the assembled state of the first V-shaped notch and the second V-shaped notch A locking square hole is formed at the bottom, and a locking block is assembled in the locking square hole.
本实用新型优点在于：The utility model has the advantages of:
本实用新型的一种两部分髓内钉骨折内固定系统，经由骨折断端植入，促进骨组织愈合，结构简单，设计合理，术中操作方便，能有效固定骨折，使病人较早进行有效的功能锻炼；The utility model is a two-part intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system, which is implanted through the broken end of the fracture to promote the healing of bone tissue, has a simple structure, reasonable design, convenient operation during operation, can effectively fix fractures, and enables patients to perform effective treatment earlier. functional exercise;
2、本实用新型适用于各种简单或复杂的长骨干骨折，对骨骺未闭合的儿童及青少年长骨干骨折亦适用，无损伤骨骺及干骺端风险；2. The utility model is suitable for various simple or complex long bone shaft fractures, and is also suitable for long bone shaft fractures in children and adolescents whose epiphysis is not closed, without the risk of damaging the epiphysis and metaphysis;
3、设有辅助装置，撑开、复位和加压，可将骨折复位至解剖位置，如有需要，还可通过张力带等装置固定游离骨折块；3. Equipped with auxiliary devices to open, reduce and pressurize, which can reduce the fracture to the anatomical position. If necessary, the free fracture fragments can also be fixed by means of tension band and other devices;
4、髓内钉B部件可与髓内钉A部件之间的连接为可拆卸连接，该设计方式可以经骨折断端植入，可将骨折断端嵌顿软组织及其他影响骨折愈合的组织清除，有利于骨组织早期的生长愈合；4. The connection between the B part of the intramedullary nail and the A part of the intramedullary nail can be detachable. This design method can be implanted through the fracture end, which can remove the impacted soft tissue and other tissues that affect the fracture healing. , which is conducive to the early growth and healing of bone tissue;
5、该内固定系统不涉及骨外骨膜系统，有利于骨折术后的骨组织愈合，减少骨折延迟愈合和不愈合的风险；5. The internal fixation system does not involve the extra-osseous periosteal system, which is conducive to the healing of bone tissue after fracture operation and reduces the risk of delayed fracture union and non-union;
6、髓内钉B部件可与髓内钉A部件之间的连接采用螺纹连接，螺纹连接使得髓内钉A部件与髓内钉B部件能有效固定，不易脱落；6. The connection between the B part of the intramedullary nail and the A part of the intramedullary nail can be threaded, and the threaded connection enables the intramedullary nail A part and the intramedullary nail B part to be effectively fixed and not easy to fall off;
7、髓内钉B部件可与髓内钉A部件之间的螺纹连接段可调，根据需要调节螺纹连接段的长度，确保固定效果确切，实现精准固定；7. The threaded connection section between the B part of the intramedullary nail and the A part of the intramedullary nail can be adjusted, and the length of the threaded connection section can be adjusted as needed to ensure the exact fixation effect and achieve precise fixation;
8、通过将嵌合块插入嵌入腔中，并通过锁定螺钉进行锁定，该设计方案的效果是：能够快速安装，结构简单，操作方便；8. By inserting the fitting block into the embedding cavity and locking it with a locking screw, the effect of this design scheme is: fast installation, simple structure and convenient operation;
9、髓内钉B部件可与髓内钉A部件之间的连接采用榫卯结构设计，从多个方向进行内固定，内固定效果确切。9. The connection between the B part of the intramedullary nail and the A part of the intramedullary nail adopts the mortise and tenon structure design, and the internal fixation is carried out from multiple directions, and the internal fixation effect is accurate.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1是本实用新型的一种两部分髓内钉骨折内固定系统的结构框图。1 is a structural block diagram of a two-part intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system of the present invention.
附图2为髓内钉A部件与髓内钉B部件装配状态下示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembled state of the intramedullary nail A part and the intramedullary nail B part.
附图3为髓内钉A部件的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of component A of the intramedullary nail.
附图4为髓内钉B部件的结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of component B of the intramedullary nail.
附图5为髓内钉A部件安装系统结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the installation system of component A of the intramedullary nail.
附图6是骨折辅助装置结构示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fracture assisting device.
附图7为实施例2中的可拆卸连接方式结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a detachable connection mode in Embodiment 2. FIG.
附图8为实施例3中的可拆卸连接方式结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the detachable connection mode in Embodiment 3. FIG.
附图9为实施例4中的可拆卸连接方式结构示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a detachable connection mode in Embodiment 4. FIG.
附图10为实施例5中的装配状态示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the assembled state in Embodiment 5. FIG.
附图11为实施例6中的装配拆卸状态示意图。FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the assembly and disassembly state in Embodiment 6. FIG.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型提供的具体实施方式作详细说明。The specific embodiments provided by the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
附图中涉及的附图标记和组成部分如下所示：The reference numerals and components involved in the drawings are as follows:
1.髓内钉A部件 11.固定孔1. Part A of intramedullary nail 11. Fixing hole
12.髓内钉a连接部件 121.a卡口12. Intramedullary nail a connecting part 121. a bayonet
122.嵌入腔 123.第一横向截面122. Embedded cavity 123. First transverse section
124.第一插孔 125.第一插块124. The first jack 125. The first plug
126.第一V形缺口 127.第一纵向截面126. First V-notch 127. First longitudinal section
2.髓内钉B部件2. Part B of intramedullary nail
21.髓内钉b连接部件 211.b卡口21. Intramedullary nail b connecting part 211.b bayonet
212.嵌合块 213.第二横向半截面212. Fitting block 213. Second transverse half-section
214.第二插孔 215.第二插块214. Second jack 215. Second plug
216.第二V形缺口 217.第二纵向半截面216. Second V-notch 217. Second longitudinal half-section
3.固定螺钉3. Fixing screws
4.锁定螺钉 41.锁定孔4. Locking screw 41. Locking hole
5.锁定块 51.锁定方形孔5. Locking block 51. Locking square hole
6.髓内钉A部件安装系统 7.骨折辅助装置6. Intramedullary nail A component installation system 7. Fracture assist device
71.撑开杆 72.加压杆71. Spreading rod 72. Compression rod
73.旋转槽 74.接触板73. Rotation slot 74. Contact plate
76.连接杆76. Connecting rod
实施例1Example 1
请参照图1，图1是本实用新型的一种两部分髓内钉骨折内固定系统的结构框图。一种两部分髓内钉骨折内固定系统，所述髓内钉骨折内固定系统包括髓内钉A部件1、髓内钉B部件2、髓内钉A部件安装系统6、骨折辅助装置7。Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a two-part intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system of the present invention. A two-part intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system, the intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system includes an intramedullary nail A part 1 , an intramedullary nail B part 2 , an intramedullary nail A part installation system 6 , and a fracture assisting device 7 .
请参照图2，图2为髓内钉A部件1与髓内钉B部件2装配状态下示意图。所述的髓内钉A部件1与髓内钉B部件2为可拆卸连接；所述的髓内钉A部件1与髓内钉B部件2均配有固定螺钉3。Please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembled state of the intramedullary nail A part 1 and the intramedullary nail B part 2 . The intramedullary nail A part 1 and the intramedullary nail B part 2 are detachably connected; the intramedullary nail A part 1 and the intramedullary nail B part 2 are equipped with fixing screws 3 .
请参照图3，图3为髓内钉A部件1的结构示意图。所述的髓内钉A部件1为长管型髓内钉；所述的髓内钉A部件1的游离端设有固定孔11；所述髓内钉A部件1的骨折端设有髓内钉a连接部件12。Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intramedullary nail A component 1 . The said intramedullary nail A part 1 is a long tube type intramedullary nail; the free end of the intramedullary nail A part 1 is provided with a fixing hole 11; the fractured end of the intramedullary nail A part 1 is provided with an intramedullary nail. The nail a connects the part 12 .
请参照图4，图4为髓内钉B部件2的结构示意图。所述的髓内钉B部件2为长管型髓内钉；所述的髓内钉B部件2的游离端设有固定孔11；所述髓内钉B部件2的骨折端设有髓内钉b连接部件21,该髓内钉b连接部件21与髓内钉a连接部件12可拆卸连接。Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the B part 2 of the intramedullary nail. The B part 2 of the intramedullary nail is a long tube type intramedullary nail; the free end of the B part 2 of the intramedullary nail is provided with a fixing hole 11; the fracture end of the B part 2 of the intramedullary nail is provided with an intramedullary nail. A nail b connecting part 21, the intramedullary nail b connecting part 21 and the intramedullary nail a connecting part 12 are detachably connected.
请参照图5，图5为髓内钉A部件安装系统6结构示意图。所述的髓内钉A部件安装系统6为带远端多方向的螺钉安装装置；所述的髓内钉A部件安装系统6可将髓内钉A部件1经骨折端植入骨折一端，临时固定后成为参照。Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the intramedullary nail A component installation system 6 . The intramedullary nail A part installation system 6 is a multi-directional screw installation device with a distal end; the intramedullary nail A part installation system 6 can implant the intramedullary nail A part 1 into one end of the fracture through the fracture end, temporarily. It becomes a reference after being fixed.
请参照图6，图6是骨折辅助装置7结构示意图。所述的骨折辅助装置7包括撑开杆71、加压杆72、旋转槽73、接触板74、连接杆75；所述的支撑杆为齿轮的结构形式，支撑杆连接在接触板74上；所述的接触板74上设有旋转槽73，连接杆75通过旋转槽73与加压杆72连接。所述的骨折辅助装置7用于骨折撑开、复位和加压，使用状态下，以髓内钉A部件1为参照，跨骨折线后于骨折另一断端远离骨折线处临时植入，通过撑开、旋转等操作后复位骨折断端，如有需要还可加压。Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the fracture assisting device 7 . The fracture assisting device 7 includes a spreader rod 71, a pressure rod 72, a rotation slot 73, a contact plate 74, and a connecting rod 75; the support rod is in the form of a gear, and the support rod is connected to the contact plate 74; The contact plate 74 is provided with a rotating groove 73 , and the connecting rod 75 is connected with the pressing rod 72 through the rotating groove 73 . The described fracture assisting device 7 is used for fracture distraction, reduction and compression. In the use state, with the intramedullary nail A part 1 as a reference, it is temporarily implanted at the other broken end of the fracture away from the fracture line after crossing the fracture line. The fractured end is reduced after operations such as distraction and rotation, and pressure can be applied if necessary.
该实施例需要说明的是：It should be noted in this embodiment that:
髓内钉B部件2可与髓内钉A部件1同时植入，或待骨折断端撑开后植入，在骨折断端撑开、骨折两端长骨轴线恢复条件下，经髓内钉b连接部件21与髓内钉a连接部件12吻合后固定，成为完整髓内钉；所述髓内钉B部件2安装装置借助髓内钉A部件1为参照，安装固定螺钉3，最后将髓内钉A部件1临时固定物/参照物更换为永久固定装置。The intramedullary nail B part 2 can be implanted at the same time as the intramedullary nail A part 1, or implanted after the fractured end is distracted. Under the condition that the fractured end is distracted and the axis of the long bone at both ends of the fracture is restored, the intramedullary nail b The connecting part 21 is anastomosed with the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a and then fixed to become a complete intramedullary nail; the intramedullary nail B part 2 installation device uses the intramedullary nail A part 1 as a reference to install the fixing screw 3, and finally the intramedullary nail is installed. Nail A Part 1 Temporary fixture/reference replaced with permanent fixture.
髓内钉B部件2可与髓内钉A部件1之间的连接为可拆卸连接，该设计方式可以经骨折断端植入，可将骨折断端嵌顿软组织及其他影响骨折愈合的组织清除，有利于骨组织早期的生长愈合。适用于各种简单或复杂的长骨干骨折，对骨骺未闭合的儿童及青少年长骨干骨折亦适用，无损伤骨骺及干骺端风险。The connection between the B part 2 of the intramedullary nail and the part 1 of the intramedullary nail A can be detachable. This design method can be implanted through the fracture end, which can remove the impacted soft tissue and other tissues that affect the fracture healing. , is conducive to the early growth and healing of bone tissue. It is suitable for all kinds of simple or complex long bone fractures, and it is also suitable for long bone fractures in children and adolescents with unclosed epiphysis, without the risk of damage to the epiphysis and metaphysis.
设有辅助装置，撑开、复位和加压，可将骨折复位至解剖位置，如有需要，还可通过张力带等装置固定游离骨折块。Equipped with auxiliary devices to open, reduce and pressurize, the fracture can be reduced to the anatomical position, and if necessary, the free fracture fragments can be fixed by means of tension band and other devices.
本实用新型的一种两部分髓内钉骨折内固定系统的安装方法是：The installation method of a two-part intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system of the present invention is as follows:
1.从骨折断端平面取合适切口进入，暴露骨折断端，安装髓内钉A部件1，固定骨折远端防旋转(1-2枚)螺钉，经剩余钉孔孔道钻入2枚克氏针/斯氏针临时固定；(条件允许时同时植入髓内钉B部件2)1. Take an appropriate incision from the fracture end plane, expose the fracture end, install the intramedullary nail A part 1, fix the distal end of the fracture with anti-rotation (1-2) screws, and drill 2 Kirschner through the remaining nail holes Temporary fixation with needle/Stuart's wire; (Intramedullary nail B part 2 is implanted at the same time when conditions permit)
2.将用于骨折撑开/复位/加压的辅助装置安装于克氏针/斯氏针上方，于骨折另一断端远离骨折线部位(距骨折线距离＞髓内钉B部件2长度)钻入1-2枚克氏针/斯氏针；2. Install the auxiliary device for fracture distraction/reduction/compression above the Kirschner wire/Sciencher wire, and keep the other end of the fracture away from the fracture line (distance from the fracture line > 2 lengths of the B part of the intramedullary nail). ) Drill into 1-2 K-wires/Scienzsche wires;
3.撑开骨折断端，步骤1中无法植入的髓内钉B部件2可在骨折断端撑开后植入，连接髓内钉A、B两部件；3. Open the broken end of the fracture, the B part 2 of the intramedullary nail that cannot be implanted in step 1 can be implanted after the broken end of the fracture is opened to connect the two parts of the intramedullary nail A and B;
4.复位，加压骨折断端；4. Reduction and compression of the fractured end;
5.固定髓内钉B部件2(经多个不同方向固定)，拆除骨折撑开/复位/加压装置及所有克氏针/斯氏针，髓内钉A部分剩余钉孔螺钉固定。髓内钉内固定系统安装结束。5. Fix the intramedullary nail B part 2 (fixed in multiple different directions), remove the fracture distraction/reduction/compression device and all the Kirschner wires/Stuart's wires, and fix the remaining nail holes of the intramedullary nail part A with screws. The end of the installation of the intramedullary nail fixation system.
实施例2Example 2
请参照图7，图7为实施例2中的可拆卸连接方式结构示意图。本实施例与实施例1基本相同，其不同之处在于，本实施例中的髓内钉a连接部件12上设有a卡口121，且髓内钉a连接部件12为螺帽结构；所述的髓内钉b连接部件21上设有b卡口211，且髓内钉b连接部件21为螺纹结构。Please refer to FIG. 7 . FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a detachable connection method in Embodiment 2. As shown in FIG. This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a in this embodiment is provided with a bayonet 121, and the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a is a nut structure; The connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b is provided with a b bayonet 211, and the connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b is a threaded structure.
本实施例中，髓内钉a连接部件12与髓内钉b连接部件21上通过螺纹连接，螺纹连接使得髓内钉A部件1与髓内钉B部件2能有效固定，不易脱落；通过在a卡口121和b卡口211插入锁定部件，能够实现对髓内钉A部件1与髓内钉B部件2进一步固定，防止髓内钉A部件1与髓内钉B部件2受压移位。In this embodiment, the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail and the connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b are connected by screws, and the screw connection enables the part 1 of the intramedullary nail and the part B of the intramedullary nail to be effectively fixed and not easy to fall off; The a bayonet 121 and the b bayonet 211 are inserted into the locking member, which can further fix the intramedullary nail A part 1 and the intramedullary nail B part 2, and prevent the intramedullary nail A part 1 and the intramedullary nail B part 2 from being compressed and displaced .
实施例3Example 3
请参照图8，图8为实施例3中的可拆卸连接方式结构示意图。本实施例1与实施例1基本相同，其不同之处在于，本实施例中的髓内钉a连接部件12上设有a卡口121，且髓内钉a连接部件12为固定螺帽结构；所述的髓内钉b连接部件21上设有b卡口211，且髓内钉b连接部件21为活动螺纹结构。Please refer to FIG. 8 . FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a detachable connection method in Embodiment 3. As shown in FIG. Embodiment 1 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a in this embodiment is provided with a bayonet 121, and the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a is a fixed nut structure ; The intramedullary nail b connecting part 21 is provided with b bayonet 211, and the intramedullary nail b connecting part 21 is a movable thread structure.
该实施例需要说明的是：髓内钉a连接部件12与髓内钉b连接部件21上的螺纹连接段的长度是可调节的，而不同的连接对应产生的内固定力是不同的，而不同患者的不同骨折类型，需要的内固定力是不同，按照本实施例的方式，可以根据需要调节螺纹连接段的长度，确保固定效果确切，实现精准固定。It should be noted in this embodiment that the length of the threaded connection section on the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a and the connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b is adjustable, and the internal fixation force generated by different connections is different, while Different fracture types of different patients require different internal fixation forces. According to the method of this embodiment, the length of the threaded connection segment can be adjusted as required to ensure an exact fixation effect and achieve precise fixation.
实施例4Example 4
请参照图9，图9为实施例4中的可拆卸连接方式结构示意图。本实施例与实施例1基本相同，其不同之处在于，本实施例中的髓内钉a连接部件12上设有嵌入腔122，所述嵌入腔122为方形结构；在该嵌入腔122贯穿有锁定孔；所述的髓内钉b连接部件21上设有嵌合块212，该嵌合块212上贯穿有锁定孔，且该锁定孔与嵌入腔122贯穿的锁定孔相对应；所述锁定孔中穿设有锁定螺钉4。Please refer to FIG. 9 . FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a detachable connection method in Embodiment 4. As shown in FIG. This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the connecting member 12 of the intramedullary nail a in this embodiment is provided with an embedding cavity 122, and the embedding cavity 122 has a square structure; There is a locking hole; the connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b is provided with a fitting block 212, the fitting block 212 runs through a locking hole, and the locking hole corresponds to the locking hole that the insertion cavity 122 penetrates; the A locking screw 4 is passed through the locking hole.
该实施例需要说明的是：髓内钉a连接部件12与髓内钉b连接部件21通过将嵌合块212插入嵌入腔122中，并通过锁定螺钉4进行锁定，该设计方案的效果是：能够快速安装，结构简单，操作方便。It should be noted in this embodiment that: the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a and the connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b are locked by inserting the fitting block 212 into the embedding cavity 122 and locking by the locking screw 4. The effect of this design scheme is: It can be installed quickly, has a simple structure and is easy to operate.
实施例5Example 5
请参照图10和图11，图10为实施例5中的装配状态示意图。图11为实施例6中的装配拆卸状态示意图。本实施例与实施例1基本相同，其不同之处在于，本实施例中的髓内钉a连接部件12上设有第一横向半截面123和第一纵向半截面127，所述第一横向半截面123上设有第一V形缺口126；所述第一纵向半截面127上设有第一插孔124；所述髓内钉a连接部件12的端部设有第一插块125；所述的髓内钉b连接部件21上设有第二横向半截面213和第二纵向半截面217，所述第二横向半截面213上设有第二V形缺口216；所述第二纵向半截面217上设有第二插孔214；所述髓内钉a连接部件12的端部设有第二插块215；所述的第二插块215与第一插孔124相配合；所述的第二插孔214与第一插块125相配合；所述的第一V形缺口126和第二V形缺口216装配状态下形成锁定方形孔51，在锁定方形孔51中装配有锁定块5。Please refer to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 . FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the assembled state in the fifth embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the assembly and disassembly state in Embodiment 6. FIG. This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the connecting member 12 of the intramedullary nail a in this embodiment is provided with a first transverse half-section 123 and a first longitudinal half-section 127, the first transverse half-section 127 is The half-section 123 is provided with a first V-shaped notch 126; the first longitudinal half-section 127 is provided with a first insertion hole 124; the end of the intramedullary nail a connecting part 12 is provided with a first insertion block 125; The connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b is provided with a second transverse half-section 213 and a second longitudinal half-section 217, and the second transverse half-section 213 is provided with a second V-shaped notch 216; The half-section 217 is provided with a second insertion hole 214; the end of the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a is provided with a second insertion block 215; the second insertion block 215 is matched with the first insertion hole 124; The second insertion hole 214 is matched with the first insert block 125; the first V-shaped notch 126 and the second V-shaped notch 216 form a locking square hole 51 in the assembled state, and a locking square hole 51 is assembled in the locking square hole 51. Block 5.
该实施例需要说明的是：髓内钉a连接部件12与髓内钉b连接部件21采用榫卯结构设计，具有以下技术效果：1.在安装时，只需要其中一个插孔插入到另一个插块中即可，安装快速且精准；2.髓内钉a连接部件12与髓内钉b连接部件21从多个方向进行内固定，如第一插孔124与第二插块215之间的固定，第二插孔214与第一插块125之间的固定；锁定块5与锁定方形孔51之间的固定，分别从纵向以及横向进行固定，固定效果确切。It should be noted in this embodiment that: the connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a and the connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b are designed with a tenon-and-mortise structure, which has the following technical effects: 1. During installation, only one of the jacks needs to be inserted into the other 2. The connecting part 12 of the intramedullary nail a and the connecting part 21 of the intramedullary nail b are internally fixed from multiple directions, such as between the first insertion hole 124 and the second insertion block 215 The fixation between the second insertion hole 214 and the first insert block 125; the fixation between the locking block 5 and the locking square hole 51 are respectively carried out vertically and horizontally, and the fixation effect is exact.
本实用新型的一种两部分髓内钉骨折内固定系统，经由骨折断端植入，促进骨组织愈合，结构简单，设计合理，术中操作方便，能有效固定骨折，使病人较早进行有效的功能锻；本实用新型适用于各种简单或复杂的长骨干骨折，对骨骺未闭合的儿童及青少年长骨干骨折亦适用，无损伤骨骺及干骺端风险；设有辅助装置，撑开、复位和加压，可将骨折复位至解剖位置，如有需要，还可通过张力带等装置固定游离骨折块；髓内钉B部件2可与髓内钉A部件1之间的连接为可拆卸连接，该设计方式可以经骨折断端植入，可将骨折断端嵌顿软组织及其他影响骨折愈合的组织清除，有利于骨组织早期的生长愈合；该内固定系统不涉及骨外骨膜系统，有利于骨折术后的骨组织愈合，减少骨折延迟愈合和不愈合的风险；髓内钉B部件2可与髓内钉A部件1之间的连接采用螺纹连接，螺纹连接使得髓内钉A部件1与髓内钉B部件2能有效固定，不易脱落；髓内钉B部件2可与髓内钉A部件1之间的螺纹连接段可调，根据需要调节螺纹连接段的长度，确保固定效果确切，实现精准固定；通过将嵌合块212插入嵌入腔122中，并通过锁定螺钉4进行锁定，该设计方案的效果是：能够快速安装，结构简单，操作方便；髓内钉B部件2可与髓内钉A部件1之间的连接采用榫卯结构设计，从多个方向进行内固定，内固定效果确切。The utility model is a two-part intramedullary nail fracture internal fixation system, which is implanted through the broken end of the fracture to promote the healing of bone tissue, has a simple structure, reasonable design, convenient operation during operation, can effectively fix fractures, and enables patients to perform effective treatment earlier. functional forging; the utility model is suitable for various simple or complex long bone shaft fractures, and is also suitable for long bone shaft fractures in children and adolescents whose epiphysis is not closed, without the risk of damage to the epiphysis and metaphysis; Reduction and compression can reduce the fracture to the anatomical position. If necessary, the free fracture fragment can also be fixed by means of tension band and other devices; the connection between the B part 2 of the intramedullary nail and the A part 1 of the intramedullary nail can be detachable The design method can be implanted through the fracture end, which can remove the impacted soft tissue and other tissues affecting fracture healing at the fracture end, which is beneficial to the early growth and healing of bone tissue; the internal fixation system does not involve the extra-osseous periosteal system. It is beneficial to the bone tissue healing after fracture operation and reduces the risk of delayed fracture union and nonunion; the connection between the intramedullary nail B part 2 and the intramedullary nail A part 1 can be threaded, and the threaded connection makes the intramedullary nail A part 1 and intramedullary nail B part 2 can be effectively fixed and not easy to fall off; the threaded connection section between intramedullary nail B part 2 and intramedullary nail A part 1 can be adjusted, and the length of the threaded connection section can be adjusted as needed to ensure the fixation effect. Accurate and precise fixation is achieved; by inserting the fitting block 212 into the embedding cavity 122 and locking by the locking screw 4, the effect of this design scheme is: fast installation, simple structure and convenient operation; the B part 2 of the intramedullary nail can be The connection with the intramedullary nail A part 1 adopts a tenon-and-mortise structure design, and internal fixation is performed from multiple directions, and the internal fixation effect is accurate.
以上所述仅是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本实用新型方法的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和补充，这些改进和补充也应视为本实用新型的保护范围。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the method of the present invention, several improvements and supplements can be made. These improvements and supplements are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721658113.6UCN209091591U (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Two-part intramedullary nailing internal fixation system for fractures |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721658113.6UCN209091591U (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Two-part intramedullary nailing internal fixation system for fractures |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209091591Utrue CN209091591U (en) | 2019-07-12 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721658113.6UExpired - Fee RelatedCN209091591U (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Two-part intramedullary nailing internal fixation system for fractures |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN209091591U (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20190712 Termination date:20191204 |