[background technique]
Electroretinogram (ERG) has an one-hundred-year history, currently, being widely used on clinical ophthalmology, it is through eyeballSurface records retina potential change, to make monitoring, assessment and diagnosis to the health status of retina.This technology needsERG is recorded using electrode, Corneal Contact or non-cornea contact electrode can be used to be placed in eyeball surface or corresponding portion for positive electrodePosition, reference electrode and ground electrode can be placed on corresponding skin, such as ear-lobe and forehead, when to retina with light stimulus,The retina summation electricity reaction that positive electrode is recorded from cornea or corresponding site, a series of record of this retina potential change,That is electroretinogram (ERG).
Use up or other visual stimulus devices stimulation retina after, retina can generate a kind of potential current potential, can be withIt is perceived, can also be perceived by the reference electrode at canthus by the different records of different eyes electrodes.Retina is notWith the various waveforms partially produced seen in ERG, this allows the clinician to diagnosis retinal disease.ERG be usingWhat different types of light stimulus generated: universe flash lamp, pattern stimulation and multifocal stimulation.
Electroretinogram is usually used in becoming retinosis and genetic disease such as eyeground pathological changes, primary retinal pigmentProperty, congenital pyramidal cell insufficiency, congenital blindness, the yctalopia of a variety of causes, retinosis and diabetic keratopathy viewThe diseases such as nethike embrane disease are effectively detected, and have considerable effect in the diagnosis of early stage to patient.
Electrooculoigram (EOG) is a kind of standing for recording retina in eye socket inner side and outer side by two electrodes of placementThe technology of current potential.In eye movement, the potential change between two electrodes can be recorded.This is because eyeball generatesDipole its field potential is changed in eye movement.EOG clinically be used to diagnose various retinal pigment epithelium diseasesBecome.
The electrode of ERG and EOG is all commercially available, but most of is all Passive electrode, not comprising any active electronicsElement.It is well known that Passive electrode has the problem of low interference resistance.Therefore, in ERG and EOG record, the electromagnetism from environmentNoise would generally interference signal.The noise of 50Hz be it is particularly common, it is referred to as line noise, because it is by feed cableIt issues.Therefore, the quality of ERG and EOG signal is affected, to reduce their diagnosis capability.Most of commercialERG and EOG electrode have very long transmission electric wire, this is very convenient, but electrode is made to be easier the interference made an uproar by electromagnetism.For Passive electrode, choice is always existed between record quality convenient.Also because active electrode is easy by electromagnetismThe interference made an uproar.Deviation is easy to appear in analysis and influences accurate judgement.
[summary of the invention]
The utility model, which solves existing technology use, cannot effectively detect small-signal, accuracy and reproducibility differenceProblem.On the other hand, it is liable to infection to solve the problems, such as that electrode is reused for the utility model.
A kind of electroretinogram with preamplifier of the utility model and the active electrode of dynamic electroculogram detect dressIt sets and adopts the technical scheme that
A kind of active electrode detection device of electroretinogram and dynamic electroculogram, including Miniature front signal amplifier,Electrode, ERG electrode, EOG electrode and reference electrode, the ground electrode, ERG electrode, EOG electrode and reference electrode and Miniature frontSignal amplifier is connected.
Further, the reference electrode setting is in Miniature front signal amplifier side, the ERG electrode and EOG electricityA general reference electrode is extremely shared, the reference electrode is affixed on face skin surface.
Further, the Miniature front signal amplifier further includes a signal amplification circuit, the Miniature front letterSet that there are two adjustable gain knob independent process ERG electrode and EOG electrode signals on number amplifier, the signal of detection is in preceding confidenceNumber amplifier by two independent channels connects processing units after changing.
Further, there are three types for ERG electrode, are Corneal Contact type, conjunctiva contact-type and skin contact type respectively.
Further, contact one end of Corneal Contact type ERG electrode is mirror surface contact, and conjunctiva contact-type ERG electrode connectsOne end is touched as wire type contact, contact one end of skin contact type ERG electrode is adherent contact.
Further, it is provided with LCD display by Miniature front signal amplifier, is used for read test data.
Further, ERG electrode, EOG electrode, ground electrode and reference electrode by magnetic part removably with it is miniature beforeSignal amplifier is set to be connected.
Further, the magnetic part connecting portion is gold-plated or plates silver chlorate.
Further, Miniature front signal amplifier is additionally provided with battery module.
The active electrode detection device of electroretinogram provided by the utility model and dynamic electroculogram, by ERG electrode withEOG electrode shares a reference electrode, can be achieved at the same time retinal cell function of eyes inspection and retinal pigment epithelium and light sensationReceiver complex functional check, meanwhile, face is affixed on by reference to electrode by preamplifier, as close to signal source,The mode of conductor length is reduced, the noise from cable conductor is eliminated, solves current conventional detection devices and believe in useNumber faint, the problems such as interference is more, it is most important that be able to detect that faint electric signal, by the way that battery module is arranged, be exaggeratedThe signal in source, so that active electrode is more resistant to electronic interferences, the test data that LCD display is shown can intuitively be seenThe condition symbol detected out does not meet normal range (NR), has great promotion for the accuracy of testing result.
[Detailed description of the invention]
Fig. 1 is the active electrode detection device Corneal Contact type product knot of the utility model electroretinogram and dynamic electroculogramComposition；
Fig. 2 is the utility model ERG electrode conjunctiva contact-type schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the utility model ERG electrode-skin contact-type schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the Corneal Contact type wearing schematic of the utility model；
Fig. 5 is the conjunctiva contact-type wearing schematic of the utility model；
Fig. 6 is the skin contact type wearing schematic of the utility model；
Fig. 7 is the active electrode detection device circuit diagram of the utility model electroretinogram and dynamic electroculogram；
Fig. 8 is the ERG electrode of the utility model and the ERG electrograph that tradition ERG electrode compares in the same detection time；
Fig. 9 is the ERG electrode ERG electrograph multiplicity that repeated detection obtains in the same detection time of the utility modelMore preferably；
Figure 10 is the waveform diagram of the utility model EOG electrode.
Wherein, in figure 1 be Miniature front signal amplifier, 101,102 be adjustable gain knob, 2 be reference electrode, and 3 areGround electrode, 4 be ERG electrode, and 5 be EOG electrode, and 6,7 be conducting wire, and 8 be LCD display, and 9 be magnetic part.
[specific embodiment]
In order to keep technological means of the utility model clear, it is practical new that this is further described with reference to the accompanying drawingType.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is the portable detecting device of a kind of electroretinogram and electrooculoigram, including miniatureSignal preamplifier 1, ground electrode 3, ERG electrode 4, EOG electrode 5 and reference electrode 2, the ground electrode 3, ERG electrode 4, EOGElectrode 5 and reference electrode 2 are connected with Miniature front signal amplifier 1, and ERG is to record view with Corneal Contact through electrodeThe potential change of film inner cell, EOG are to record eyeball resting potential with the contact of eye socket two sides skin site through electrode to becomeChange, ERG electrode 4 and EOG electrode 5 are used in conjunction with a reference electrode 2.
ERG electrode 4 can be designed to that three kinds of forms are contacted with eyeball: the first is Corneal Contact type ERG electrode, secondFor conjunctiva contact-type ERG electrode, the third is skin contact type ERG electrode.Reference electrode 2 is set up directly on Miniature front signal1 side of amplifier, the ERG electrode 4 share a reference electrode 2 with EOG electrode 5, and the reference electrode 2 is affixed on the face sunCave, while also by Miniature front signal amplifier 1 close to the signal source in human eye portion.Contact one end of Corneal Contact type ERG electrodeIt is contacted for mirror surface, as shown in Figure 1.Contact one end of conjunctiva contact-type ERG electrode is wire type contact, as shown in Figure 2.Skin contactContact one end of type ERG electrode is adherent contact, as shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 4-6 is the wearing schematic of the different ERG electrode design of three of the above.
Miniature front signal amplifier 1 further includes a signal amplification circuit, is set on the Miniature front signal amplifier 1There is adjustable gain knob 101 and 102 to be respectively intended to change ERG electrode and EOG electrode signal, the signal of detection and put in advance signalBig device passes through two conducting wires connection display equipment after changing, wherein a conducting wire 6 transmits ERG electrode signal, another conducting wire 7EOG electrode signal is transmitted, two conducting wires are used to connect ERG equipped with data connector after coming out from signal preamplifier 1 or EOG is setIt is standby, preferred 42802 TP of DIN of connector.
LCD display 8 is set by Miniature front signal amplifier 1, is used to real-time read test data, such as impedance value.
It shows that equipment includes hand held mobile terminals, laptop and desktop computer, has phase in the display equipmentThe control software matched.
Miniature front signal amplifier 1 is additionally provided with and ERG electrode 4, EOG electrode 5, reference electrode 2, ground electrode 3 are corresponding connectsThe magetic indicator joint connect, the ERG electrode 4 are equipped with the magnetic on magnetic part 9 and Miniature front signal amplifier 1 by conducting wire one endProperty connector be connected, the ground electrode 2 and EOG electrode are connected by conducting wire with Miniature front signal amplifier, and the conducting wire is doubleTwisted wire.
There is gold-plated or plating silver chlorate on magnetic part and magetic indicator joint surface.
ERG electrode 4, EOG electrode 5, reference electrode 2, ground electrode 3, can also be by leading other than the above magnetic connectionLine is directly connected to Miniature front signal amplifier, and Miniature front signal amplifier 1, ground can also be detachably attached to by conducting wireElectrode 3 passes through magnetic or buckle or pin contacts connecting wire.
Miniature front signal amplifier has battery module.
The above are simple eye detection, the utility model simultaneously can also be detected eyes by 2 preamplifiers of setting, principleIt is identical.
Fig. 7 is the circuit design principle figure of utility model device.
The working process of the utility model is as follows:
A, suitable ERG electrode and EOG electrode are selected, ERG electrode is placed on to the cornea of people, on conjunctiva or skin, is takenCertainly in ERG type of electrodes, EOG electrode is placed on different parts near the eyelid of face；
B, ground electrode is tightly attached among forehead, then corresponding magnetic part is connected to together with magetic indicator joint.
C, the conducting wire of the signal conductor and ground electrode of ERG electrode and EOG electrode is connected to together on Miniature front amplifier,Meanwhile the reference electrode on Miniature front amplifier being attached on human facial skin, the preferably temple position of face.
D, Miniature front signal amplifier is connected on an ERG or EOG machine by signal conductor；Two conducting wires are whereinOne signal wire for ERG electrode, another signal wire for EOG electrode；
F, ERG or EOG detection device is opened, by built-in on hand held mobile terminals or laptop or desktop computerAPP or software, select suitable flash mode；
G, through the LCD display observation impedance value being arranged by active electrode detection device whether in range of normal value；
H, by stimulator alignment eyes of patients front, suitable distance is selected, operating software carries out flash stimulation；
I, the software on hand held mobile terminals or laptop or desktop computer will record electroretinogram waveform simultaneouslyIt shows.
J, reference electrode, ground electrode, ERG electrode, EOG electrode are all disposable to prevent from infecting.After detection,These electrodes all can be removed and destroy, in case the electrode more renewed is detected next time, signal amplifier can repeat benefitWith.
ERG electrode and EOG electrode are connected a signal preamplifier by the utility model simultaneously, as picking up signal electricityExtremely the signal of eyeball is picked up jointly, is used in conjunction with the same reference electrode, and ground electrode is as anti-interference electrode, be forIt reduces influence of the interference voltage of power grid common mode to signal and connects circuit, ERG is through electrode and cornea, and conjunctiva or skin connectsIt touches to record the potential change of retina inner cell, EOG is to record eye with the contact of eye socket periphery specific position through electrodeBall resting potential variation, two signals be it is independent, referred to each other by the signal of two positions, with help illness analysis andDiagnosis and treatment, in terms of medical angle, ERG signal is mainly the detection of retinal cell function of eyes, and EOG is that supplementary reference signal is directed to viewThe Function detection of retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor complex.
A kind of electroretinogram of the utility model and the active electrode detection device of dynamic electroculogram are in sensitivity and repetitionIt is more excellent than pervious detection device in sensitivity.Fig. 8 is the single detection comparison in the same detection time, view after improvementThe active electrode detection device of film electrograph and dynamic electroculogram than it is pervious detection electroretinogram threshold values it is higher, detection it is sensitiveDegree improves.Fig. 9 is in the same detection time, and the threshold values multiplicity of the electrograph of repeated detection is more preferable.Meanwhile it is this it is miniature beforeThe design for setting amplifier makes EOG electrode, reference electrode, ground electrode and signal amplifier itself close to signal source, and connecting line is short,External signal interference is greatly reduced, twisted pair counteracts two Air conduct measurements and interferes with each other, and gold-plated magetic indicator joint facilitates ERGThe installation of electrode, EOG electrode, gold-plated or plating silver chlorate connector can reduce contact resistance, increase conductive power, while can also preventRust.
Compared with passive electrode, the design of the New Active electrode can improve the accuracy and repeatability of tracer signal.The short connecting line of the design being mainly characterized by between sensor and amplifier.There is a short transmission line, it is mostExternal noise and interference will be eliminated.The design makes signal signal-to-noise ratio with higher, higher reproducibility, the suppression of higher common modeSystem than with lower irritation level.Disposable electrode can be made in electrode, prevent from infecting, and beneficial to patient and doctor, and meet doctorInstitute's infection control standard.
Above description is merely a prefered embodiment of the utility model, on the protection scope of the utility model is not limited inEmbodiment is stated, wherein conducting wire does not use twisted pair, and other lines also can be realized the transmission of signal, not use magetic indicator joint to connectIt connects, direct conducting wire connection can also check signal, but its precision is not so good as above embodiments.
All technical solutions for belonging to the utility model principle belong to the protection scope of the utility model.For this fieldTechnical staff for, several improvement carried out under the premise of not departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvement should also regardFor the protection scope of the utility model.